10-Q
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2016

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM             TO             

Commission File Number: 001-33551

 

LOGO

The Blackstone Group L.P.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   20-8875684

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

345 Park Avenue

New York, New York 10154

(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)

(212) 583-5000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer  x

   Accelerated filer  ¨

Non-accelerated filer  ¨

   Smaller reporting company  ¨

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

  

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

The number of the Registrant’s voting common units representing limited partner interests outstanding as of April 29, 2016 was 565,579,839. The number of the Registrant’s non-voting common units representing limited partner interests outstanding as of April 29, 2016 was 59,083,468.

 

 

 

 


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          Page  
PART I.   

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

  
ITEM 1.   

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

     5   
  

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — March 31, 2016 and 2015:

  
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015

     5   
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015

     7   
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015

     8   
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Partners’ Capital for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015

     9   
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015

     11   
  

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

     13   
ITEM 1A.   

UNAUDITED SUPPLEMENTAL PRESENTATION OF STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

     53   
ITEM 2.   

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

     55   
ITEM 3.   

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

     115   
ITEM 4.   

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

     118   
PART II.   

OTHER INFORMATION

  
ITEM 1.   

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

     119   
ITEM 1A.   

RISK FACTORS

     119   
ITEM 2.   

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

     119   
ITEM 3.   

DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

     120   
ITEM 4.   

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

     120   
ITEM 5.   

OTHER INFORMATION

     120   
ITEM 6.   

EXHIBITS

     120   

SIGNATURES

     122   

 

1


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Forward-Looking Statements

This report may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 which reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, our operations and financial performance. You can identify these forward-looking statements by the use of words such as “outlook,” “indicator,” “believes,” “expects,” “potential,” “continues,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “predicts,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “anticipates” or the negative version of these words or other comparable words. Such forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, there are or will be important factors that could cause actual outcomes or results to differ materially from those indicated in these statements. We believe these factors include but are not limited to those described under the section entitled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and in this report, as such factors may be updated from time to time in our periodic filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), which are accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. These factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are included in this report and in our other periodic filings. The forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

Website and Social Media Disclosure

We use our website (www.blackstone.com), Facebook page (www.facebook.com/blackstone), Twitter (www.twitter.com/blackstone), LinkedIn (www.linkedin.com/company/the-blackstone-group), Instagram (instagram.com/Blackstone) and YouTube (www.youtube.com/user/blackstonegroup) accounts as channels of distribution of company information. The information we post through these channels may be deemed material. Accordingly, investors should monitor these channels, in addition to following our press releases, SEC filings and public conference calls and webcasts. In addition, you may automatically receive e-mail alerts and other information about Blackstone when you enroll your e-mail address by visiting the “Contact Us/Email Alerts” section of our website at http://ir.blackstone.com. The contents of our website, any alerts and social media channels are not, however, a part of this report.

 

 

In this report, references to “Blackstone,” the “Partnership”, “we,” “us” or “our” refer to The Blackstone Group L.P. and its consolidated subsidiaries. Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this report to the ownership of Mr. Stephen A. Schwarzman, our founder, and other Blackstone personnel include the ownership of personal planning vehicles and family members of these individuals.

“Blackstone Funds,” “our funds” and “our investment funds” refer to the private equity funds, real estate funds, funds of hedge funds, credit-focused funds, collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) and collateralized debt obligation (“CDO”) vehicles, real estate investment trusts and registered investment companies that are managed by Blackstone. “Our carry funds” refers to the private equity funds, real estate funds and certain of the credit-focused funds (with multi-year drawdown, commitment-based structures that only pay carry on the realization of an investment) that are managed by Blackstone. Blackstone’s Private Equity segment comprises its management of corporate private equity funds (including our sector and regional focused funds), which we refer to collectively as our Blackstone Capital Partners (“BCP”) funds, our Blackstone Core Equity Partners (“BCEP”) fund, our opportunistic investment platform that invests globally across asset classes, industries and geographies, which we collectively refer to as Blackstone Tactical Opportunities (“Tactical Opportunities”), and Strategic Partners Fund Solutions (“Strategic Partners”), a secondary private fund of funds business. We refer to our real estate opportunistic funds as our Blackstone Real Estate Partners (“BREP”) funds and our real estate debt investment funds as our Blackstone Real Estate Debt Strategies (“BREDS”) funds. We refer to our core+ real estate funds, which target substantially stabilized assets generating relatively stable cash flow, as Blackstone Property Partners (“BPP”) funds. We refer to our listed real estate investment trusts as “REITs.” “Our hedge funds” refers to our funds of hedge funds, certain of our real estate debt investment funds, including a registered investment company, and certain other credit-focused funds which are managed by Blackstone.

 

2


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“Assets Under Management” refers to the assets we manage. Our Assets Under Management equals the sum of:

 

  (a) the fair value of the investments held by our carry funds and our side-by-side and co-investment entities managed by us, plus the capital that we are entitled to call from investors in those funds and entities pursuant to the terms of their respective capital commitments, including capital commitments to funds that have yet to commence their investment periods,

 

  (b) the net asset value of our funds of hedge funds, hedge funds and certain registered investment companies,

 

  (c) the invested capital or fair value of assets we manage pursuant to separately managed accounts,

 

  (d) the amount of debt and equity outstanding for our CLOs and CDOs during the reinvestment period,

 

  (e) the aggregate par amount of collateral assets, including principal cash, for our CLOs and CDOs after the reinvestment period,

 

  (f) the gross amount of assets (including leverage) for certain of our credit-focused registered investment companies, and

 

  (g) the fair value of common stock, preferred stock, convertible debt, or similar instruments issued by our public REIT.

Our carry funds are commitment-based drawdown structured funds that do not permit investors to redeem their interests at their election. Our funds of hedge funds and hedge funds generally have structures that afford an investor the right to withdraw or redeem their interests on a periodic basis (for example, annually or quarterly), with the majority of our funds requiring from 60 days to 95 days’ notice, depending on the fund and the liquidity profile of the underlying assets. Investment advisory agreements related to separately managed accounts may generally be terminated by an investor on 30 to 90 days’ notice.

“Fee-Earning Assets Under Management” refers to the assets we manage on which we derive management and/or performance fees. Our Fee-Earning Assets Under Management equals the sum of:

 

  (a) for our Private Equity segment funds and Real Estate segment carry funds including certain real estate debt investment funds and certain of our Hedge Fund Solutions funds, the amount of capital commitments, remaining invested capital, fair value or par value of assets held, depending on the fee terms of the fund,

 

  (b) for our credit-focused carry funds, the amount of remaining invested capital (which may include leverage) or net asset value, depending on the fee terms of the fund,

 

  (c) the remaining invested capital of co-investments managed by us on which we receive fees,

 

  (d) the net asset value of our funds of hedge funds, hedge funds and certain registered investment companies,

 

  (e) the invested capital, fair value of assets or the net asset value we manage pursuant to separately managed accounts,

 

  (f) the net proceeds received from equity offerings and accumulated core earnings of our REITs, subject to certain adjustments,

 

  (g) the aggregate par amount of collateral assets, including principal cash, of our CLOs, CDOs, and certain credit-focused separately managed accounts, and

 

  (h) the gross amount of assets (including leverage) or the net assets (plus leverage where applicable) for certain of our credit-focused registered investment companies.

Our calculations of assets under management and fee-earning assets under management may differ from the calculations of other asset managers, and as a result this measure may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other asset managers. In addition, our calculation of assets under management includes commitments

 

3


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to, and the fair value of, invested capital in our funds from Blackstone and our personnel, regardless of whether such commitments or invested capital are subject to fees. Our definitions of assets under management or fee-earning assets under management are not based on any definition of assets under management or fee-earning assets under management that is set forth in the agreements governing the investment funds that we manage.

For our carry funds, total assets under management includes the fair value of the investments held, whereas fee-earning assets under management includes the amount of capital commitments, the remaining amount of invested capital at cost depending on whether the investment period has or has not expired or the fee terms of the fund. As such, fee-earning assets under management may be greater than total assets under management when the aggregate fair value of the remaining investments is less than the cost of those investments.

This report does not constitute an offer of any Blackstone Fund.

 

4


Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition (Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Unit Data)

 

     March 31,
2016
    December 31,
2015
 

Assets

    

Cash and Cash Equivalents

   $ 1,372,552      $ 1,837,324   

Cash Held by Blackstone Funds and Other

     548,591        587,132   

Investments (including assets pledged of $75,668 and $64,535 at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively)

     14,625,032        14,324,097   

Accounts Receivable

     660,853        613,153   

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

     45,301        204,893   

Due from Affiliates

     1,139,526        1,240,797   

Intangible Assets, Net

     322,719        345,547   

Goodwill

     1,718,519        1,718,519   

Other Assets

     316,196        377,189   

Deferred Tax Assets

     1,301,615        1,277,429   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Assets

   $ 22,050,904      $ 22,526,080   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities and Partners’ Capital

    

Loans Payable

   $ 6,357,782      $ 6,116,747   

Due to Affiliates

     1,219,184        1,282,700   

Accrued Compensation and Benefits

     1,846,059        2,029,918   

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

     105,857        176,667   

Repurchase Agreements

     49,540        40,929   

Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

     561,402        648,662   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

     10,139,824        10,295,623   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Commitments and Contingencies

    

Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     177,054        183,459   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Partners’ Capital

    

The Blackstone Group L.P. Partners’ Capital

    

Partners’ Capital (common units: 631,548,955 issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2016; 624,450,162 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2015)

     6,136,475        6,322,307   

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

     (46,064     (52,519
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total The Blackstone Group L.P. Partners’ Capital

     6,090,411        6,269,788   

Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     2,480,358        2,408,701   

Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings

     3,163,257        3,368,509   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Partners’ Capital

     11,734,026        12,046,998   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Liabilities and Partners’ Capital

   $ 22,050,904      $ 22,526,080   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

continued…

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

5


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition (Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

The following presents the portion of the consolidated balances presented above attributable to consolidated Blackstone Funds which are variable interest entities. The following assets may only be used to settle obligations of these consolidated Blackstone Funds and these liabilities are only the obligations of these consolidated Blackstone Funds and they do not have recourse to the general credit of Blackstone.

 

     March 31,
2016
     December 31,
2015
 

Assets

     

Cash Held by Blackstone Funds and Other

   $ 305,421       $ 435,775   

Investments

     4,846,561         4,558,216   

Accounts Receivable

     129,634         122,077   

Due from Affiliates

     25,153         25,561   

Other Assets

     6,338         12,693   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Assets

   $ 5,313,107       $ 5,154,322   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Liabilities

     

Loans Payable

   $ 3,550,109       $ 3,319,656   

Due to Affiliates

     40,511         39,532   

Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other

     267,262         316,498   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

   $ 3,857,882       $ 3,675,686   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

6


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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2016     2015  

Revenues

    

Management and Advisory Fees, Net

   $ 608,906      $ 616,768   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

    

Realized

    

Carried Interest

     230,909        1,207,594   

Incentive Fees

     28,419        29,638   

Unrealized

    

Carried Interest

     47,586        373,840   

Incentive Fees

     7,579        62,036   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

     314,493        1,673,108   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income (Loss)

    

Realized

     (12,001     187,930   

Unrealized

     3,493        18,273   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income (Loss)

     (8,508     206,203   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest and Dividend Revenue

     23,075        21,920   

Other

     (5,612     (5,641
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

     932,354        2,512,358   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

    

Compensation and Benefits

    

Compensation

     346,003        559,559   

Performance Fee Compensation

    

Realized

    

Carried Interest

     58,504        292,248   

Incentive Fees

     14,124        12,227   

Unrealized

    

Carried Interest

     30,001        74,380   

Incentive Fees

     3,448        24,961   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

     452,080        963,375   

General, Administrative and Other

     123,045        130,973   

Interest Expense

     37,356        31,370   

Fund Expenses

     5,229        16,850   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

     617,710        1,142,568   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other Income

    

Net Gains from Fund Investment Activities

     19,142        93,555   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income Before Provision for Taxes

     333,786        1,463,345   

Provision for Taxes

     18,866        99,344   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Income

     314,920        1,364,001   

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     (6,401     7,527   

Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     40,086        81,796   

Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings

     131,202        645,230   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Income Attributable to The Blackstone Group L.P.

   $ 150,033      $ 629,448   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Distributions Declared Per Common Unit

   $ 0.61      $ 0.78   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Income Per Common Unit

    

Common Units, Basic

   $ 0.23      $ 1.01   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Common Units, Diluted

   $ 0.23      $ 1.00   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted-Average Common Units Outstanding

    

Common Units, Basic

     644,897,849        625,276,969   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Common Units, Diluted

     1,194,570,331        631,232,041   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Revenues Earned from Affiliates

    

Management and Advisory Fees, Net

   $ 56,675      $ 48,112   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

7


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2016     2015  

Net Income

   $ 314,920      $ 1,364,001   

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax — Currency Translation Adjustment

     17,612        (47,788
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive Income

     332,532        1,316,213   

Less:

    

Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     (6,401     7,527   

Comprehensive Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     51,243        55,158   

Comprehensive Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings

     131,202        645,230   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive Income Attributable to The Blackstone Group L.P.

   $ 156,488      $ 608,298   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

8


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Partners’ Capital (Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Unit Data)

 

          The Blackstone Group L.P.                          
    Common
Units
    Partners’
Capital
    Accumulated
Other
Compre-
hensive
Income
(Loss)
    Total     Non-
Controlling
Interests in
Consolidated
Entities
    Non-
Controlling
Interests in
Blackstone
Holdings
    Total
Partners’
Capital
    Redeemable
Non-
Controlling
Interests in
Consolidated
Entities
 

Balance at December 31, 2015

    624,450,162      $ 6,322,307      $ (52,519   $ 6,269,788      $ 2,408,701      $ 3,368,509      $ 12,046,998      $ 183,459   

Net Income (Loss)

    —          150,033        —          150,033        40,086        131,202        321,321        (6,401

Currency Translation Adjustment

    —          —          6,455        6,455        11,157        —          17,612        —     

Capital Contributions

    —          —          —          —          94,418        —          94,418        —     

Capital Distributions

    —          (389,780     —          (389,780     (68,692     (355,360     (813,832     (4

Transfer of Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

    —          —          —          —          (5,312     —          (5,312     —     

Deferred Tax Effects Resulting from Acquisition of Ownership Interests from Non-Controlling Interest Holders

    —          (1,145     —          (1,145     —          —          (1,145     —     

Equity-Based Compensation

    —          36,053        —          36,053        —          41,455        77,508        —     

Net Delivery of Vested Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units and Blackstone Common Units

    4,025,507        (13,262     —          (13,262     —          —          (13,262     —     

Excess Tax Benefits Related to Equity-Based Compensation, Net

    —          9,720        —          9,720        —          —          9,720        —     

Change in The Blackstone Group L.P.’s Ownership Interest

    —          3,618        —          3,618        —          (3,618     —          —     

Conversion of Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units to Blackstone Common Units

    3,073,286        18,931        —          18,931        —          (18,931     —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at March 31, 2016

    631,548,955      $ 6,136,475      $ (46,064   $ 6,090,411      $ 2,480,358      $ 3,163,257      $ 11,734,026      $ 177,054   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

9

continued…

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Partners’ Capital (Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Unit Data)

 

    Common
Units
    The Blackstone Group L.P.     Non-
Controlling
Interests in
Consolidated
Entities
    Non-
Controlling
Interests in
Blackstone
Holdings
    Total
Partners’
Capital
    Redeemable
Non-
Controlling
Interests in
Consolidated
Entities
 
    Partners’
Capital
    Appro-
priated
Partners’
Capital
    Accumulated
Other
Compre-
hensive
(Loss)
    Total          

Balance at December 31, 2014

    595,624,855      $ 6,999,830      $ 81,301      $ (20,864   $ 7,060,267      $ 3,415,356      $ 4,416,070      $ 14,891,693      $ 2,441,854   

Deconsolidation of CLOs and Funds on Adoption of ASU 2015-02

    —          —          (90,928     —          (90,928     (1,002,728     —          (1,093,656     (2,258,289

Adjustment to Appropriated Partners’ Capital on Adoption of ASU 2014-13

    —          —          9,627        —          9,627        —          —          9,627        —     

Net Income

    —          629,448        —          —          629,448        81,796        645,230        1,356,474        7,527   

Currency Translation Adjustment

    —          —          —          (22,178     (22,178     (48,530     —          (70,708     —     

Capital Contributions

    —          —          —          —          —          63,910        —          63,910        2,000   

Capital Distributions

    —          (482,249     —          —          (482,249     (228,800     (488,711     (1,199,760     (440

Transfer of Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

    —          —          —          —          —          (10,163     —          (10,163     —     

Deferred Tax Effects Resulting from Acquisition of Ownership Interests from Non- Controlling Interest Holders

    —          9,113        —          —          9,113        —          —          9,113        —     

Equity-Based Compensation

    —          130,134        —          —          130,134        —          122,236        252,370        —     

Net Delivery of Vested Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units and Blackstone Common Units

    7,956,871        (27,632     —          —          (27,632     —          —          (27,632     —     

Excess Tax Benefits Related to Equity-Based Compensation, Net

    —          23,834        —          —          23,834        —          —          23,834        —     

Change in The Blackstone Group L.P.’s Ownership Interest

    —          68,361        —          —          68,361        —          (68,361     —          —     

Conversion of Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units to Blackstone Common Units

    5,603,820        46,123        —          —          46,123        —          (46,123     —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at March 31, 2015

    609,185,546      $ 7,396,962      $ —        $ (43,042   $ 7,353,920      $ 2,270,841      $ 4,580,341      $ 14,205,102      $ 192,652   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

 

10


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2016     2015  

Operating Activities

    

Net Income

   $ 314,920      $ 1,364,001   

Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

    

Blackstone Funds Related

    

Unrealized Appreciation on Investments Allocable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     (35,684     (87,529

Net Realized Gains on Investments

     (253,857     (1,479,010

Changes in Unrealized (Gains) Losses on Investments Allocable to The Blackstone Group L.P.

     17,363        (61,239

Non-Cash Performance Fees

     (15,077     (315,065

Non-Cash Performance Fee Compensation

     106,076        403,816   

Equity-Based Compensation Expense

     79,840        272,335   

Excess Tax Benefits Related to Equity-Based Compensation

     (11,690     (23,834

Amortization of Intangibles

     22,828        24,800   

Other Non-Cash Amounts Included in Net Income

     17,372        107,020   

Cash Flows Due to Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities

    

Cash Held by Blackstone Funds and Other

     51,134        350,505   

Cash Relinquished in Deconsolidation and Liquidation of Partnership

     —          (442,370

Accounts Receivable

     (21,063     (47,474

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

     159,592        (79,628

Due from Affiliates

     124,519        (1,928

Other Assets

     52,381        (109,651

Accrued Compensation and Benefits

     (289,532     (436,354

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

     (76,620     76,698   

Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

     (264,198     (528,826

Repurchase Agreements

     8,620        57,152   

Due to Affiliates

     (3,642     (90,700

Treasury Cash Management Strategies

    

Investments Purchased

     (590,772     (1,063,714

Cash Proceeds from Sale of Investments

     590,649        1,120,428   

Blackstone Funds Related

    

Investments Purchased

     (742,280     (195,719

Cash Proceeds from Sale or Pay Down of Investments

     967,652        1,665,572   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

     208,531        479,286   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investing Activities

    

Purchase of Furniture, Equipment and Leasehold Improvements

     (9,934     (3,275

Changes in Restricted Cash

     5,843        5,843   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities

     (4,091     2,568   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

11

continued…

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)—Continued

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2016     2015  

Financing Activities

    

Distributions to Non-Controlling Interest Holders in Consolidated Entities

   $ (68,696   $ (229,240

Contributions from Non-Controlling Interest Holders in Consolidated Entities

     88,079        55,274   

Payments Under Tax Receivable Agreement

     (78,985     (82,830

Net Settlement of Vested Common Units and Repurchase of Common and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units

     (13,262     (27,632

Excess Tax Benefits Related to Equity-Based Compensation

     11,690        23,834   

Proceeds from Loans Payable

     —          23   

Repayment and Repurchase of Loans Payable

     —          (2,410

Distributions to Unitholders

     (745,140     (970,960

Blackstone Funds Related

    

Proceeds from Loans Payable

     158,456        507,832   

Repayment of Loans Payable

     (21,327     (32,805
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Cash Used in Financing Activities

     (669,185     (758,914
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and Cash Equivalents

     (27     60   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents

     (464,772     (277,000

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period

     1,837,324        1,412,472   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period

   $ 1,372,552      $ 1,135,472   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flows Information

    

Payments for Interest

   $ 60,907      $ 49,484   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Payments for Income Taxes

   $ 6,995      $ 70,609   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities

    

Non-Cash Contributions from Non-Controlling Interest Holders

   $ 967      $ 601   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Transfer of Interests to Non-Controlling Interest Holders

   $ (5,312   $ (10,163
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Change in The Blackstone Group L.P.’s Ownership Interest

   $ 3,618      $ 68,361   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Settlement of Vested Common Units

   $ 59,605      $ 51,228   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Conversion of Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units to Common Units

   $ 18,931      $ 46,123   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Acquisition of Ownership Interests from Non-Controlling Interest Holders

    

Deferred Tax Asset

   $ (14,427   $ (54,313
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Due to Affiliates

   $ 15,572      $ 45,200   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Partners’ Capital

   $ (1,145   $ 9,113   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

12


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

1. ORGANIZATION

The Blackstone Group L.P., together with its subsidiaries (“Blackstone” or the “Partnership”), is a leading global manager of private capital. The alternative asset management business includes the management of private equity funds, real estate funds, real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), funds of hedge funds, hedge funds, credit-focused funds, collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) vehicles, collateralized debt obligation (“CDO”) vehicles, separately managed accounts and registered investment companies (collectively referred to as the “Blackstone Funds”). Blackstone’s business is organized into four segments: private equity, real estate, hedge fund solutions and credit.

On October 1, 2015, Blackstone completed the spin-off of the operations that historically constituted Blackstone’s Financial Advisory segment, other than Blackstone’s capital markets services business. Blackstone’s capital markets services business was retained and was not part of the spin-off. These historical operations included various financial advisory services, including financial and strategic advisory, restructuring and reorganization advisory and fund placement services. As of October 1, 2015, Blackstone no longer reported a Financial Advisory segment.

The Partnership was formed as a Delaware limited partnership on March 12, 2007. The Partnership is managed and operated by its general partner, Blackstone Group Management L.L.C., which is in turn wholly owned and controlled by one of Blackstone’s founders, Stephen A. Schwarzman (the “Founder”), and Blackstone’s other senior managing directors. The activities of the Partnership are conducted through its holding partnerships: Blackstone Holdings I L.P., Blackstone Holdings AI L.P., Blackstone Holdings II L.P., Blackstone Holdings III L.P. and Blackstone Holdings IV L.P. (collectively, “Blackstone Holdings”, “Blackstone Holdings Partnerships” or the “Holding Partnerships”). The Partnership, through its wholly owned subsidiaries, is the sole general partner in each of these Holding Partnerships.

Generally, holders of the limited partner interests in the Holding Partnerships may, four times each year, exchange their limited partnership interests (“Partnership Units”) for Blackstone common units, on a one-to-one basis, exchanging one Partnership Unit from each of the Holding Partnerships for one Blackstone common unit.

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Partnership have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q. The condensed consolidated financial statements, including these notes, are unaudited and exclude some of the disclosures required in audited financial statements. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring items) so that the condensed consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and that estimates made in preparing its condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent. The operating results presented for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Partnership’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. As disclosed in the audited consolidated financial statements, the Partnership adopted certain accounting guidance for the quarter ended June 30, 2015 and applied a modified retrospective approach as of January 1, 2015. As such, the condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2015 were recast from the amounts originally reported in the Partnership’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2015.

 

13


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Partnership, its wholly owned or majority-owned subsidiaries, the consolidated entities which are considered to be variable interest entities and for which the Partnership is considered the primary beneficiary, and certain partnerships or similar entities which are not considered variable interest entities but in which the general partner has a controlling financial interest.

All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Restructurings within consolidated CLOs are treated as investment purchases or sales, as applicable, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Consolidation

The Partnership consolidates all entities that it controls through a majority voting interest or otherwise, including those Blackstone Funds in which the general partner has a controlling financial interest. The Partnership has a controlling interest in Blackstone Holdings because the limited partners do not have the right to dissolve the partnerships or have substantive kick out rights or participating rights that would overcome the presumption of control by the Partnership. Accordingly, the Partnership consolidates Blackstone Holdings and records non-controlling interests to reflect the economic interests of the limited partners of Blackstone Holdings.

In addition, the Partnership consolidates all variable interest entities (“VIE”) in which it is the primary beneficiary. An enterprise is determined to be the primary beneficiary if it holds a controlling financial interest. A controlling financial interest is defined as (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The consolidation guidance requires an analysis to determine (a) whether an entity in which the Partnership holds a variable interest is a VIE and (b) whether the Partnership’s involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (for example, management and performance related fees), would give it a controlling financial interest. Performance of that analysis requires the exercise of judgment.

The Partnership determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time it becomes involved with a variable interest entity and reconsiders that conclusion continually. In evaluating whether the Partnership is the primary beneficiary, Blackstone evaluates its economic interests in the entity held either directly or indirectly by the Partnership. The consolidation analysis can generally be performed qualitatively; however, if it is not readily apparent that the Partnership is not the primary beneficiary, a quantitative analysis may also be performed. Investments and redemptions (either by the Partnership, affiliates of the Partnership or third parties) or amendments to the governing documents of the respective Blackstone Funds could affect an entity’s status as a VIE or the determination of the primary beneficiary. At each reporting date, the Partnership assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary and will consolidate or deconsolidate accordingly.

Assets of consolidated VIEs that can only be used to settle obligations of the consolidated VIE and liabilities of a consolidated VIE for which creditors (or beneficial interest holders) do not have recourse to the general credit of Blackstone are presented in a separate section in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Blackstone’s other disclosures regarding VIEs are discussed in Note 9. “Variable Interest Entities”.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

GAAP establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Market price observability is affected by a

 

14


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

number of factors, including the type of financial instrument, the characteristics specific to the financial instrument and the state of the marketplace, including the existence and transparency of transactions between market participants. Financial instruments with readily available quoted prices in active markets generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.

Financial instruments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed based on the observability of inputs used in the determination of fair values, as follows:

 

   

Level I — Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical financial instruments as of the reporting date. The types of financial instruments in Level I include listed equities, listed derivatives and mutual funds with quoted prices. The Partnership does not adjust the quoted price for these investments, even in situations where Blackstone holds a large position and a sale could reasonably impact the quoted price.

 

   

Level II — Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies. Financial instruments which are generally included in this category include corporate bonds and loans, including corporate bonds and loans held within CLO vehicles, government and agency securities, less liquid and restricted equity securities, and certain over-the-counter derivatives where the fair value is based on observable inputs. Senior and subordinated notes issued by CLO vehicles are classified within Level II of the fair value hierarchy.

 

   

Level III — Pricing inputs are unobservable for the financial instruments and includes situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the financial instrument. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Financial instruments that are included in this category generally include general and limited partnership interests in private equity and real estate funds, credit-focused funds, distressed debt and non-investment grade residual interests in securitizations, certain corporate bonds and loans held within CLO vehicles, and certain over-the-counter derivatives where the fair value is based on unobservable inputs.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the determination of which category within the fair value hierarchy is appropriate for any given financial instrument is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Partnership’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the financial instrument.

Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are recognized at the beginning of the reporting period.

Level II Valuation Techniques

Financial instruments classified within Level II of the fair value hierarchy comprise debt instruments, including certain corporate loans and bonds held by Blackstone’s consolidated CLO vehicles, those held within Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies and debt securities sold, not yet purchased and interests in investment funds. Certain equity securities and derivative instruments valued using observable inputs are also classified as Level II.

The valuation techniques used to value financial instruments classified within Level II of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

 

   

Debt Instruments and Equity Securities are valued on the basis of prices from an orderly transaction between market participants provided by reputable dealers or pricing services. In determining the value of a particular investment, pricing services may use certain information with respect to transactions in such

 

15


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

 

investments, quotations from dealers, pricing matrices and market transactions in comparable investments and various relationships between investments. The valuation of certain equity securities is based on an observable price for an identical security adjusted for the effect of a restriction.

 

   

Freestanding Derivatives are valued using contractual cash flows and observable inputs comprising yield curves, foreign currency rates and credit spreads.

 

   

Senior and subordinate notes issued by CLO vehicles are classified based on the more observable fair value of CLO assets less (a) the fair value of any beneficial interests held by Blackstone, and (b) the carrying value of any beneficial interests that represent compensation for services.

Level III Valuation Techniques

In the absence of observable market prices, Blackstone values its investments using valuation methodologies applied on a consistent basis. For some investments little market activity may exist; management’s determination of fair value is then based on the best information available in the circumstances, and may incorporate management’s own assumptions and involves a significant degree of judgment, taking into consideration a combination of internal and external factors, including the appropriate risk adjustments for non-performance and liquidity risks. Investments for which market prices are not observable include private investments in the equity of operating companies, real estate properties, certain funds of hedge funds and credit-focused investments.

Private Equity Investments — The fair values of private equity investments are determined by reference to projected net earnings, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”), the discounted cash flow method, public market or private transactions, valuations for comparable companies and other measures which, in many cases, are based on unaudited information at the time received. Valuations may be derived by reference to observable valuation measures for comparable companies or transactions (for example, multiplying a key performance metric of the investee company, such as EBITDA, by a relevant valuation multiple observed in the range of comparable companies or transactions), adjusted by management for differences between the investment and the referenced comparables, and in some instances by reference to option pricing models or other similar methods. Where a discounted cash flow method is used, a terminal value is derived by reference to EBITDA or price/earnings exit multiples.

Real Estate Investments — The fair values of real estate investments are determined by considering projected operating cash flows, sales of comparable assets, if any, and replacement costs, among other measures. The methods used to estimate the fair value of real estate investments include the discounted cash flow method and/or capitalization rates (“cap rates”) analysis. Valuations may be derived by reference to observable valuation measures for comparable companies or assets (for example, multiplying a key performance metric of the investee company or asset, such as EBITDA, by a relevant valuation multiple observed in the range of comparable companies or transactions), adjusted by management for differences between the investment and the referenced comparables, and in some instances by reference to option pricing models or other similar methods. Where a discounted cash flow method is used, a terminal value is derived by reference to an exit EBITDA multiple or capitalization rate. Additionally, where applicable, projected distributable cash flow through debt maturity will be considered in support of the investment’s fair value.

Credit-Focused Investments — The fair values of credit-focused investments are generally determined on the basis of prices between market participants provided by reputable dealers or pricing services. In some instances, Blackstone may utilize other valuation techniques, including the discounted cash flow method or a market approach.

 

16


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Level III Valuation Process

Investments classified within Level III of the fair value hierarchy are valued on a quarterly basis, taking into consideration factors including any changes in Blackstone’s weighted-average cost of capital assumptions, discounted cash flow projections and exit multiple assumptions, as well as any changes in economic and other relevant conditions, and valuation models are updated accordingly. The valuation process also includes a review by an independent valuation party, at least annually for all investments, and quarterly for certain investments, to corroborate the values determined by management. The valuations of Blackstone’s investments are reviewed quarterly by a valuation committee chaired by Blackstone’s Vice Chairman and includes senior heads of each of Blackstone’s businesses, as well as representatives of legal and finance. Each quarter, the valuations of Blackstone’s investments are also reviewed by the Audit Committee in a meeting attended by the chairman of the valuation committee. The valuations are further tested by comparison to actual sales prices obtained on disposition of the investments.

Investments, at Fair Value

The Blackstone Funds are accounted for as investment companies under the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Accounting and Auditing Guide, Investment Companies, and reflect their investments, including majority-owned and controlled investments (the “Portfolio Companies”), at fair value. Such consolidated funds’ investments are reflected in Investments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value reflected as a component of Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Fair value is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, at current market conditions (i.e., the exit price).

Blackstone’s principal investments are presented at fair value with unrealized appreciation or depreciation and realized gains and losses recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations within Investment Income (Loss).

For certain instruments, the Partnership has elected the fair value option. Such election is irrevocable and is applied on an investment by investment basis at initial recognition. The Partnership has applied the fair value option for certain loans and receivables and certain investments in private debt securities that otherwise would not have been carried at fair value with gains and losses recorded in net income. Accounting for these financial instruments at fair value is consistent with how the Partnership accounts for its other principal investments. Loans extended to third parties are recorded within Accounts Receivable within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Debt securities for which the fair value option has been elected are recorded within Investments. The methodology for measuring the fair value of such investments is consistent with the methodology applied to private equity, real estate, credit-focused and funds of hedge funds investments. Changes in the fair value of such instruments are recognized in Investment Income (Loss) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Interest income on interest bearing loans and receivables and debt securities on which the fair value option has been elected is based on stated coupon rates adjusted for the accretion of purchase discounts and the amortization of purchase premiums. This interest income is recorded within Interest and Dividend Revenue.

In addition, the Partnership has elected the fair value option for the assets and liabilities of CLO vehicles that are consolidated as of January 1, 2010, as a result of the initial adoption of variable interest entity consolidation guidance. The Partnership has also elected the fair value option for CLO vehicles consolidated as a result of the acquisitions of CLO management contracts or the acquisition of the share capital of CLO managers. Historically, the adjustment resulting from the difference between the fair value of assets and liabilities for each of these events was presented as a transition and acquisition adjustment to Appropriated Partners’ Capital. Assets of the consolidated

 

17


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

CLOs are presented within Investments within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and Liabilities within Loans Payable for the amounts due to unaffiliated third parties and Due to Affiliates for the amounts held by non-consolidated affiliates. Changes in the fair value of consolidated CLO assets and liabilities and related interest, dividend and other income subsequent to adoption and acquisition are presented within Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities. Expenses of consolidated CLO vehicles are presented in Fund Expenses. Historically, amounts attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities had a corresponding adjustment to Appropriated Partners’ Capital. On the adoption of the new CLO measurement guidance, there is no attribution of amounts to Non-Controlling Interests and no corresponding adjustments to Appropriated Partners’ Capital.

The Partnership has elected the fair value option for certain proprietary investments that would otherwise have been accounted for using the equity method of accounting. The fair value of such investments is based on quoted prices in an active market or using the discounted cash flow method. Changes in fair value are recognized in Investment Income (Loss) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Further disclosure on instruments for which the fair value option has been elected is presented in Note 7. “Fair Value Option” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The investments of consolidated Blackstone Funds in funds of hedge funds (“Investee Funds”) are valued at net asset value (“NAV”) per share of the Investee Fund. In limited circumstances, the Partnership may determine, based on its own due diligence and investment procedures, that NAV per share does not represent fair value. In such circumstances, the Partnership will estimate the fair value in good faith and in a manner that it reasonably chooses, in accordance with the requirements of GAAP.

Certain investments of Blackstone and of the consolidated Blackstone funds of hedge funds and credit-focused funds measure their investments in underlying funds at fair value using NAV per share without adjustment. The terms of the investee’s investment generally provide for minimum holding periods or lock-ups, the institution of gates on redemptions or the suspension of redemptions or an ability to side pocket investments, at the discretion of the investee’s fund manager, and as a result, investments may not be redeemable at, or within three months of, the reporting date. A side pocket is used by hedge funds and funds of hedge funds to separate investments that may lack a readily ascertainable value, are illiquid or are subject to liquidity restriction. Redemptions are generally not permitted until the investments within a side pocket are liquidated or it is deemed that the conditions existing at the time that required the investment to be included in the side pocket no longer exist. As the timing of either of these events is uncertain, the timing at which the Partnership may redeem an investment held in a side pocket cannot be estimated. Further disclosure on instruments for which fair value is measured using NAV per share is presented in Note 5. “Net Asset Value as Fair Value”.

Security and loan transactions are recorded on a trade date basis.

Equity Method Investments

Investments in which the Partnership is deemed to exert significant influence, but not control, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method of accounting, the Partnership’s share of earnings (losses) from equity method investments is included in Investment Income (Loss) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The carrying amounts of equity method investments are reflected in Investments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. As the underlying investments of the Partnership’s equity method investments in Blackstone Funds are reported at fair value, the carrying value of the Partnership’s equity method investments approximates fair value.

 

18


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Repurchase and Reverse Repurchase Agreements

Securities purchased under agreements to resell (“reverse repurchase agreements”) and securities sold under agreements to repurchase (“repurchase agreements”), comprised primarily of U.S. and non-U.S. government and agency securities, asset-backed securities and corporate debt, represent collateralized financing transactions. Such transactions are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at their contractual amounts and include accrued interest. The carrying value of repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements approximates fair value.

The Partnership manages credit exposure arising from reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements by, in appropriate circumstances, entering into master netting agreements and collateral arrangements with counterparties that provide the Partnership, in the event of a counterparty default, the right to liquidate collateral and the right to offset a counterparty’s rights and obligations.

The Partnership takes possession of securities purchased under reverse repurchase agreements and is permitted to repledge, deliver or otherwise use such securities. The Partnership also pledges its financial instruments to counterparties to collateralize repurchase agreements. Financial instruments pledged that can be repledged, delivered or otherwise used by the counterparty are recorded in Investments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Additional disclosures relating to reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements are discussed in Note 10. “Reverse Repurchase and Repurchase Agreements”.

Blackstone does not offset assets and liabilities relating to reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Additional disclosures relating to offsetting are discussed in Note 11. “Offsetting of Assets and Liabilities”.

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased consist of equity and debt securities that the Partnership has borrowed and sold. The Partnership is required to “cover” its short sale in the future by purchasing the security at prevailing market prices and delivering it to the counterparty from which it borrowed the security. The Partnership is exposed to loss in the event that the price at which a security may have to be purchased to cover a short sale exceeds the price at which the borrowed security was sold short.

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased are recorded at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Derivative Instruments

The Partnership recognizes all derivatives as assets or liabilities on its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at fair value. On the date the Partnership enters into a derivative contract, it designates and documents each derivative contract as one of the following: (a) a hedge of a recognized asset or liability (“fair value hedge”), (b) a hedge of a forecasted transaction or of the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (“cash flow hedge”), (c) a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation, or (d) a derivative instrument not designated as a hedging instrument (“freestanding derivative”). For a fair value hedge, Blackstone records changes in the fair value of the derivative and, to the extent that it is highly effective, changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability attributable to the hedged risk, in current period earnings in General, Administrative and Other in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as hedging instruments caused by factors other than changes in the risk being hedged, which

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

are excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness, are recognized in current period earnings. Gains or losses on a derivative instrument that is designated as, and is effective as, an economic hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation are reported in the cumulative translation adjustment section of other comprehensive income to the extent it is effective as a hedge. The ineffective portion of a net investment hedge is recognized in current period earnings.

The Partnership formally documents at inception its hedge relationships, including identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, its risk management objectives, strategy for undertaking the hedge transaction and the Partnership’s evaluation of effectiveness of its hedged transaction. At least monthly, the Partnership also formally assesses whether the derivative it designated in each hedging relationship is expected to be, and has been, highly effective in offsetting changes in estimated fair values or cash flows of the hedged items using either the regression analysis or the dollar offset method. For net investment hedges, the Partnership uses a method based on changes in spot rates to measure effectiveness. If it is determined that a derivative is not highly effective at hedging the designated exposure, hedge accounting is discontinued. The Partnership may also at any time remove a designation of a fair value hedge. The fair values of hedging derivative instruments are reflected within Other Assets in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

For freestanding derivative contracts, the Partnership presents changes in fair value in current period earnings. Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments held by consolidated Blackstone Funds are reflected in Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities or, where derivative instruments are held by the Partnership, within Investment Income (Loss) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The fair value of freestanding derivative assets are recorded within Investments and freestanding derivative liabilities are recorded within Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

The Partnership has elected to not offset derivative assets and liabilities or financial assets in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, including cash, that may be received or paid as part of collateral arrangements, even when an enforceable master netting agreement is in place that provides the Partnership, in the event of counterparty default, the right to liquidate collateral and the right to offset a counterparty’s rights and obligations.

Blackstone’s other disclosures regarding derivative financial instruments are discussed in Note 6. “Derivative Financial Instruments”.

Blackstone’s disclosures regarding offsetting are discussed in Note 11. “Offsetting of Assets and Liabilities”.

Affiliates

Blackstone considers its Founder, senior managing directors, employees, the Blackstone Funds and the Portfolio Companies to be affiliates.

Distributions

Distributions are reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements when declared.

Recent Accounting Developments

In June 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued amended guidance on revenue from contracts with customers. The guidance requires that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. An entity is required to (a) identify the contract(s) with a customer, (b) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (c) determine the transaction price, (d) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (e) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. In determining the transaction price, an entity may include variable consideration only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized would not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved.

The guidance introduces new qualitative and quantitative disclosure requirements about contracts with customers including revenue and impairments recognized, disaggregation of revenue and information about contract balances and performance obligations. Information is required about significant judgments and changes in judgments in determining the timing of satisfaction of performance obligations and determining the transaction price and amounts allocated to performance obligations. Additional disclosures are required about assets recognized from the costs to obtain or fulfill a contract.

In August 2015, the FASB issued new guidance deferring the effective date of the new revenue recognition standard by one year. The new guidance should be applied for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period.

The new revenue guidance may have a material impact on Blackstone’s consolidated financial statements if it is determined that both performance fees and carried interest are forms of variable consideration that may not be included in the transaction price. This may significantly delay the recognition of carried interest income and performance fees.

In February 2016, the FASB issued amended guidance on the accounting for leases. The guidance requires the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities for those leases classified as operating leases under previous GAAP. The guidance retains a distinction between finance leases and operating leases. The classification criteria for distinguishing between finance leases and operating leases are substantially similar to the classification criteria for distinguishing between capital leases and operating leases under previous GAAP. The recognition, measurement and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee have not changed significantly from previous GAAP.

For operating leases, a lessee is required to do the following: (a) recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, in the Statement of Financial Condition, (b) recognize a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term on a generally straight-line basis, and (c) classify all cash payments within operating activities in the statement of cash flows.

The guidance is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early application is permitted. Blackstone is evaluating the impact of the amended guidance on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. It is not expected to have a material impact on the Consolidated Statements of Operations or the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

In March 2016, the FASB issued amended guidance on stock compensation. The amendments simplify several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, accounting for forfeitures, and classification of excess tax benefits and employee taxes paid on the statement of cash flows. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted. The guidance is not expected to have a material impact on Blackstone’s financial statements.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

3. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Intangible Assets, Net consists of the following:

 

     March 31,
2016
     December 31,
2015
 

Finite-Lived Intangible Assets/Contractual Rights

   $ 1,424,226       $ 1,424,226   

Accumulated Amortization

     (1,101,507      (1,078,679
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Intangible Assets, Net

   $ 322,719       $ 345,547   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Amortization expense associated with Blackstone’s intangible assets was $22.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and $24.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015.

Amortization of Intangible Assets held at March 31, 2016 is expected to be $82.9 million, $43.9 million, $43.8 million, $43.8 million, and $43.8 million for each of the years ending December 31, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. Blackstone’s intangible assets as of March 31, 2016 are expected to amortize over a weighted-average period of 6.3 years.

 

4. INVESTMENTS

Investments consist of the following:

 

     March 31,
2016
     December 31,
2015
 

Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds

   $ 4,885,584       $ 4,613,944   

Equity Method Investments

     3,116,125         3,110,810   

Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies

     1,588,194         1,682,259   

Performance Fees

     4,782,046         4,757,932   

Other Investments

     253,083         159,152   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 14,625,032       $ 14,324,097   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Blackstone’s share of Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds totaled $405.9 million and $451.9 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds

The following table presents the Realized and Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) on investments held by the consolidated Blackstone Funds and a reconciliation to Other Income — Net Gains from Fund Investment Activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
             2016                      2015          

Realized Gains

   $ 13,382       $ 67,039   

Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses)

     (25,241      3,933   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Realized and Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) from Consolidated Blackstone Funds

     (11,859      70,972   

Interest and Dividend Revenue Attributable to Consolidated Blackstone Funds

     31,001         22,583   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Other Income — Net Gains from Fund Investment Activities

   $ 19,142       $ 93,555   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Equity Method Investments

Blackstone’s equity method investments include its investments in private equity funds, real estate funds, funds of hedge funds and credit-focused funds and other proprietary investments, which are not consolidated but in which the Partnership exerts significant influence.

Blackstone evaluates each of its equity method investments to determine if any were significant as defined by guidance from the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. As of and for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, no individual equity method investment held by Blackstone met the significance criteria. As such, Blackstone is not required to present separate financial statements for any of its equity method investments.

The Partnership recognized net gains related to its equity method investments of $17.6 million and $162.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies

The portion of Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies included in Investments represents the Partnership’s liquid investments into primarily fixed income securities, mutual fund interests, and other fund interests. These strategies are managed by a combination of Blackstone personnel and third party advisers. The following table presents the Realized and Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) on investments held by Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
             2016                      2015          

Realized Losses

   $ (18,609    $ (161

Net Change in Unrealized Gains

     1,783         11,111   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ (16,826    $ 10,950   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Performance Fees

Performance Fees allocated to the general partner in respect of performance of certain Carry Funds, funds of hedge funds and credit-focused funds were as follows:

 

     Private
Equity
    Real
Estate
    Hedge Fund
Solutions
    Credit     Total  

Performance Fees, December 31, 2015

   $ 1,479,443      $ 3,101,688      $ 9,747      $ 167,054      $ 4,757,932   

Performance Fees Allocated as a Result of Changes in Fund Fair Values

     104,602        179,842        (891     (4     283,549   

Foreign Exchange Gain

     —          18,631        —          —          18,631   

Fund Distributions

     (29,345     (222,978     (6,363     (19,380     (278,066
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees, March 31, 2016

   $ 1,554,700      $ 3,077,183      $ 2,493      $ 147,670      $ 4,782,046   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Other Investments

Other Investments consist primarily of proprietary investment securities held by Blackstone. The following table presents Blackstone’s Realized and Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) in other investments:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
             2016                      2015          

Realized Gains

   $ 4,733       $ 22   

Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses)

     (6,235      371   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ (1,502    $ 393   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

5. NET ASSET VALUE AS FAIR VALUE

A summary of fair value by strategy type alongside the remaining unfunded commitments and ability to redeem such investments as of March 31, 2016 is presented below:

 

Strategy

   Fair Value      Unfunded
Commitments
     Redemption
Frequency
(if currently
eligible)
  Redemption
Notice
Period

Diversified Instruments

   $ 153,867       $ 142       (a)   (a)

Credit Driven

     257,775         268       (b)   (b)

Event Driven

     64,773         —         (c)   (c)

Equity

     227         —         (d)   (d)

Commodities

     1,977         —         (e)   (e)
  

 

 

    

 

 

      
   $ 478,619       $ 410        
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

(a) Diversified Instruments include investments in funds that invest across multiple strategies. Investments representing 4% of the fair value of the investments in this category may not be redeemed at, or within three months of, the reporting date. The remaining 96% of investments in this category are redeemable as of the reporting date.
(b) The Credit Driven category includes investments in hedge funds that invest primarily in domestic and international bonds. Investments representing 32% of the fair value of the investments in this category may not be redeemed at, or within three months of, the reporting date. Investments representing 64% of the fair value of the investments in this category are redeemable as of the reporting date. Investments representing 4% of the total fair value in the credit driven category are subject to redemption restrictions such as the investee fund manager’s ability to limit the amount of redemptions.
(c) The Event Driven category includes investments in hedge funds whose primary investing strategy is to identify certain event-driven investments. Withdrawals are generally not permitted for the investments in this category. Distributions will be received as the underlying investments are liquidated.
(d) The Equity category includes investments in hedge funds that invest primarily in domestic and international equity securities. Withdrawals are generally not permitted for the investments in this category. Distributions will be received as the underlying investments are liquidated.
(e) The Commodities category includes investments in commodities-focused funds that primarily invest in futures and physical-based commodity driven strategies. Withdrawals are generally not permitted for the investments in this category. Distributions will be received as the underlying investments are liquidated.

 

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Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

6. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Blackstone and the consolidated Blackstone Funds enter into derivative contracts in the normal course of business to achieve certain risk management objectives and for general investment purposes. Blackstone may enter into derivative contracts in order to hedge its interest rate risk exposure against the effects of interest rate changes. Additionally, Blackstone may also enter into derivative contracts in order to hedge its foreign currency risk exposure against the effects of a portion of its non-U.S. dollar denominated currency net investments. As a result of the use of derivative contracts, Blackstone and the consolidated Blackstone Funds are exposed to the risk that counterparties will fail to fulfill their contractual obligations. To mitigate such counterparty risk, Blackstone and the consolidated Blackstone Funds enter into contracts with certain major financial institutions, all of which have investment grade ratings. Counterparty credit risk is evaluated in determining the fair value of derivative instruments.

Net Investment Hedges

To manage the potential exposure from adverse changes in currency exchange rates arising from Blackstone’s net investment in foreign operations, during December 2014, Blackstone entered into several foreign currency forward contracts to hedge a portion of the net investment in Blackstone’s non-U.S. dollar denominated foreign operations.

Blackstone uses foreign currency forward contracts to hedge portions of Blackstone’s net investments in foreign operations. The gains and losses due to change in fair value attributable to changes in spot exchange rates on foreign currency derivatives designated as net investment hedges were recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax — Currency Translation Adjustment. For the three months ended March 31, 2016 the resulting loss was $2.1 million.

Freestanding Derivatives

Freestanding derivatives are instruments that Blackstone and certain of the consolidated Blackstone Funds have entered into as part of their overall risk management and investment strategies. These derivative contracts are not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes. Such contracts may include interest rate swaps, foreign exchange contracts, equity swaps, options, futures and other derivative contracts.

In June 2012, Blackstone removed the fair value hedge designation of its interest rate swaps that were previously used to hedge a portion of the interest rate risk on the Partnership’s fixed rate borrowings. Changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps subsequent to the date of de-designation are reflected within Freestanding Derivatives within Interest Rate Contracts in the table below.

 

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Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The table below summarizes the aggregate notional amount and fair value of the derivative financial instruments. The notional amount represents the absolute value amount of all outstanding derivative contracts.

 

    March 31, 2016     December 31, 2015  
    Assets     Liabilities     Assets     Liabilities  
    Notional     Fair
Value
    Notional     Fair
Value
    Notional     Fair
Value
    Notional     Fair
Value
 

Net Investment Hedges

               

Foreign Currency Contracts

  $ 6,087      $ 9      $ 53,191      $ 1,677      $ 53,627      $ 319      $ 138      $ 1   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Freestanding Derivatives

               

Blackstone

               

Interest Rate Contracts

    603,327        900        724,087        5,765        1,681,533        2,212        1,054,465        4,288   

Foreign Currency Contracts

    163,031        2,902        127,891        1,063        158,684        2,088        271,891        2,042   

Credit Default Swaps

    2,275        12        —          —          —          —          19,250        2,411   

Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds

               

Foreign Currency Contracts

    197,087        11,562        26,253        2,846        124,595        1,400        92,094        6,490   

Credit Default Swaps

    —          —          122,682        7,647        —          —          108,786        6,275   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
    965,720        15,376        1,000,913        17,321        1,964,812        5,700        1,546,486        21,506   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $ 971,807      $ 15,385      $ 1,054,104      $ 18,998      $ 2,018,439      $ 6,019      $ 1,546,624      $ 21,507   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The table below summarizes the impact to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations from derivative financial instruments:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
             2016                     2015               

Net Investment Hedges — Foreign Currency Contracts

    

Hedge Ineffectiveness

   $ 129      $ 240   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Freestanding Derivatives

    

Realized Gains (Losses)

    

Interest Rate Contracts

   $ (7,358   $ (3,735

Foreign Currency Contracts

     (4,310     12,064   

Credit Default Swaps

     (3,811     1,826   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   $ (15,479   $ 10,155   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Freestanding Derivatives

    

Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses)

    

Interest Rate Contracts

   $ (2,666   $ (746

Foreign Currency Contracts

     15,322        (11,024

Credit Default Swaps

     (4,276     (2,922
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   $ 8,380      $ (14,692
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Partnership had not designated any derivatives as cash flow hedges.

 

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Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

7. FAIR VALUE OPTION

The following table summarizes the financial instruments for which the fair value option has been elected:

 

     March 31,
2016
     December 31,
2015
 

Assets

     

Loans and Receivables

   $ 287,858       $ 261,994   

Equity and Preferred Securities

     280,028         280,879   

Debt Securities

     14,487         15,176   

Assets of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

     

Corporate Loans

     3,363,794         3,087,563   

Corporate Bonds

     412,073         379,000   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 4,358,240       $ 4,024,612   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Liabilities

     

Liabilities of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

     

Senior Secured Notes

   $ 3,467,956       $ 3,225,064   

Subordinated Notes

     86,063         98,371   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 3,554,019       $ 3,323,435   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following table presents the Realized and Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) on financial instruments on which the fair value option was elected:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
     2016     2015  
     Realized
Gains (Losses)
    Net Change
in  Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
    Realized
Gains (Losses)
    Net Change
in  Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
 

Assets

        

Loans and Receivables

   $ —        $ (3,778   $ —        $ (1,875

Equity and Preferred Securities

     3        (3,832     (185     (2,828

Debt Securities

     —          (689     —          —     

Assets of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

        

Corporate Loans

     (13,707     957        (7,208     22,557   

Corporate Bonds

     190        271        30        1,135   

Other

     178        —          1,955        (2,491
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
   $ (13,336   $ (7,071   $ (5,408   $ 16,498   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities

        

Liabilities of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

        

Senior Secured Notes

   $ —        $ —        $ —        $ (3,794

Subordinated Notes

     —          12,413        —          754   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
   $ —        $ 12,413      $ —        $ (3,040
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

27


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The following table presents information for those financial instruments for which the fair value option was elected:

 

     March 31, 2016     December 31, 2015  
           For Financial Assets
Past Due (a)
          For Financial Assets Past
Due (a)
 
     (Deficiency)
of Fair Value
Over Principal
    Fair
Value
     (Deficiency)
of Fair Value
Over Principal
    (Deficiency)
of Fair Value
Over Principal
    Fair
Value
     (Deficiency)
of Fair Value
Over Principal
 

Loans and Receivables

   $ (13,806   $ —         $ —        $ (8,845   $ —         $ —     

Debt Securities

     (1,115     —           —          (426     —           —     

Assets of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

              

Corporate Loans

     (71,562     —           (1,784     (77,900     1,088         (5,620

Corporate Bonds

     (6,588     —           —          (6,046     —           —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ (93,071   $ —         $ (1,784   $ (93,217   $ 1,088       $ (5,620
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(a) Corporate Loans and Corporate Bonds within CLO assets are classified as past due if contractual payments are more than one day past due.

As of December 31, 2015, no Loans and Receivables for which the fair value option was elected were past due or in non-accrual status. As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, no Corporate Bonds included within the Assets of Consolidated CLO Vehicles for which the fair value option was elected were past due or in non-accrual status.

 

28


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

8. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The following tables summarize the valuation of the Partnership’s financial assets and liabilities by the fair value hierarchy:

 

    March 31, 2016  
    Level I     Level II     Level III     NAV     Total  

Assets

         

Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds (a)

         

Investment Funds

  $ —        $ —        $ —        $ 149,071      $ 149,071   

Equity Securities

    71,851        53,317        82,724        —          207,892   

Partnership and LLC Interests

    32,642        75,005        445,697        —          553,344   

Debt Instruments

    —          168,597        19,251        —          187,848   

Assets of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

         

Corporate Loans

    —          3,174,768        189,026        —          3,363,794   

Corporate Bonds

    —          412,073        —          —          412,073   

Freestanding Derivatives — Foreign

         

Currency Contracts

    —          11,562        —          —          11,562   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds

    104,493        3,895,322        736,698        149,071        4,885,584   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies

         

Equity Securities

    143,882        —          —          —          143,882   

Debt Instruments

    —          1,101,627        30,855        116,544        1,249,026   

Other

    —          —          —          195,286        195,286   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Blackstone’s Treasury Cash

         

Management Strategies

    143,882        1,101,627        30,855        311,830        1,588,194   

Money Market Funds

    170,680        —          —          —          170,680   

Net Investment Hedges — Foreign Currency Contracts

    —          9        —          —          9   

Freestanding Derivatives

         

Interest Rate Contracts

    452        448        —          —          900   

Foreign Currency Contracts

    —          2,902        —          —          2,902   

Credit Default Swaps

    —          12        —          —          12   

Loans and Receivables

    —          —          287,858        —          287,858   

Other Investments

    135,956        —          99,409        17,718        253,083   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $ 555,463      $ 5,000,320      $ 1,154,820      $ 478,619      $ 7,189,222   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

     March 31, 2016  
     Level I      Level II      Level III      Total  

Liabilities

           

Liabilities of Consolidated CLO Vehicles (a)

           

Senior Secured Notes (b)

   $ —         $ 3,467,956       $ —         $ 3,467,956   

Subordinated Notes (b)

     —           86,063         —           86,063   

Freestanding Derivatives — Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           2,846         —           2,846   

Freestanding Derivatives — Credit Default Swaps

     —           7,647         —           7,647   

Net Investment Hedges — Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           1,677         —           1,677   

Freestanding Derivatives

           

Interest Rate Contracts

     1,899         3,866         —           5,765   

Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           1,063         —           1,063   

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

     —           105,857         —           105,857   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 1,899       $ 3,676,975       $ —         $ 3,678,874   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

29


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

     December 31, 2015  
     Level I      Level II      Level III      NAV      Total  

Assets

              

Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds (a)

              

Investment Funds

   $ —         $ —         $ —         $ 155,512       $ 155,512   

Equity Securities

     82,734         53,250         80,849         —           216,833   

Partnership and LLC Interests

     —           101,399         472,391         —           573,790   

Debt Instruments

     —           179,465         20,381         —           199,846   

Assets of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

              

Corporate Loans

     —           2,886,792         200,771         —           3,087,563   

Corporate Bonds

     —           379,000         —           —           379,000   

Freestanding Derivatives — Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           1,400         —           —           1,400   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds

     82,734         3,601,306         774,392         155,512         4,613,944   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies

              

Equity Securities

     240,464         —           —           —           240,464   

Debt Instruments

     —           1,069,915         54,657         115,657         1,240,229   

Other

     —           —           —           201,566         201,566   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies

     240,464         1,069,915         54,657         317,223         1,682,259   

Money Market Funds

     460,233         —           —           —           460,233   

Net Investment Hedges — Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           319         —           —           319   

Freestanding Derivatives

              

Interest Rate Contracts

     1,806         406         —           —           2,212   

Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           2,088         —           —           2,088   

Loans and Receivables

     —           —           261,994         —           261,994   

Other Investments

     40,261         —           101,184         17,707         159,152   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 825,498       $ 4,674,034       $ 1,192,227       $ 490,442       $ 7,182,201   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     December 31, 2015  
     Level I      Level II      Level III      Total  

Liabilities

           

Liabilities of Consolidated CLO Vehicles (a)

           

Senior Secured Notes (b)

   $ —         $ 3,225,064       $ —         $ 3,225,064   

Subordinated Notes (b)

     —           98,371         —           98,371   

Freestanding Derivatives — Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           6,490         —           6,490   

Freestanding Derivatives — Credit Default Swaps

     —           6,275         —           6,275   

Net Investment Hedges — Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           1         —           1   

Freestanding Derivatives

           

Interest Rate Contracts

     835         3,453         —           4,288   

Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           2,042         —           2,042   

Credit Default Swaps

     —           2,411         —           2,411   

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

     —           176,667         —           176,667   
           
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 835       $ 3,520,774       $ —         $ 3,521,609   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

30


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

 

(a) Pursuant to GAAP consolidation guidance, the Partnership is required to consolidate all VIEs in which it has been identified as the primary beneficiary, including certain CLO vehicles, and other funds in which a consolidated entity of the Partnership, as the general partner of the fund, has a controlling financial interest. While the Partnership is required to consolidate certain funds, including CLO vehicles, for GAAP purposes, the Partnership has no ability to utilize the assets of these funds and there is no recourse to the Partnership for their liabilities since these are client assets and liabilities.
(b) Senior and subordinate notes issued by CLO vehicles are classified based on the more observable fair value of CLO assets less (a) the fair value of any beneficial interests held by Blackstone, and (b) the carrying value of any beneficial interests that represent compensation for services.

The following table summarizes the fair value transfers between Level I and Level II for positions that existed as of March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2016      2015  

Transfers from Level I into Level II (a)

   $ 2,114       $ —     

Transfers from Level II into Level I (b)

   $ 28,346       $ 5,688   

 

(a) Transfers out of Level I represent those financial instruments for which restrictions exist and adjustments were made to an otherwise observable price to reflect fair value at the reporting date.
(b) Transfers into Level I represent those financial instruments for which an unadjusted quoted price in an active market became available for the identical asset.

 

31


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The following table summarizes the quantitative inputs and assumptions used for items categorized in Level III of the fair value hierarchy as of March 31, 2016:

 

    Fair
Value
    Valuation
Techniques
  Unobservable
Inputs
  Ranges   Weighted-
Average (a)

Financial Assets

         

Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds

         

Equity Securities

  $ 69,289      Discounted Cash Flows   Discount Rate   7.4% - 25.0%   13.1%
      Revenue CAGR   -1.5% - 20.2%   8.1%
      Exit Multiple - EBITDA   4.0x - 18.2x   9.6x
      Exit Multiple - P/E   10.5x - 17.0x   11.3x
      Exit Capitalization Rate   5.5% - 11.4%   8.9%
    5,878      Other   N/A   N/A   N/A
    5,869      Transaction Price   N/A   N/A   N/A
    1,661      Market Comparable Companies   EBITDA Multiple   6.1x   N/A
      Book Value Multiple   0.9x   N/A
    27      Third Party Pricing   N/A   N/A   N/A

Partnership and LLC Interests

    413,719      Discounted Cash Flows   Discount Rate   2.1% - 29.2%   9.5%
      Revenue CAGR   -13.8% - 67.1%   8.4%
      Exit Multiple - EBITDA   0.1x - 23.5x   10.3x
      Exit Multiple - P/E   9.3x   N/A
      Exit Capitalization Rate   3.0% - 12.1%   6.4%
    14,342      Third Party Pricing   N/A   N/A   N/A
    9,671      Transaction Price   N/A   N/A   N/A
    7,965      Other   N/A   N/A   N/A

Debt Instruments

    14,794      Third Party Pricing   N/A   N/A   N/A
    4,071      Discounted Cash Flows   Discount Rate   8.3% - 52.7%   14.4%
      Revenue CAGR   6.8%   N/A
      Exit Multiple - EBITDA   12.0x   N/A
      Exit Capitalization Rate   1.0% - 8.3%   5.3%
    386      Transaction Pricing   N/A   N/A   N/A

Assets of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

    172,442      Third Party Pricing   N/A   N/A   N/A
    16,584      Market Comparable Companies   EBITDA Multiple   4.0x - 15.0x   7.2x
 

 

 

         

Total Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds

    736,698       

 

continued ....

 

32


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

    Fair Value     Valuation
Techniques
  Unobservable
Inputs
  Ranges   Weighted-
Average (a)

Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies

  $ 15,663      Discounted Cash Flows                Default Rate   1.0% - 2.0%   1.9%
      Recovery Rate   30.0% - 70.0%   69.4%
      Recovery Lag   12 Months   N/A
      Pre-payment Rate   20.0%   N/A
      Reinvestment Rate   LIBOR + 350 bps   LIBOR + 394 bps
        LIBOR + 400 bps  
      Discount Rate   8.4% - 13.5%   9.5%
    15,192      Third Party Pricing   N/A   N/A   N/A

Loans and Receivables

    222,726      Discounted Cash Flows   Discount Rate   6.8% - 24.8%   12.2%
    47,514      Transaction Price   N/A   N/A   N/A
    17,618      Third Party Pricing   N/A   N/A   N/A

Other Investments

    83,210      Discounted Cash Flows   Discount Rate   1.7% - 19.7%   3.9%
      Default Rate   2.0%   N/A
      Recovery Rate   70.0%   N/A
      Recovery Lag   12 Months   N/A
      Pre-payment Rate   20.0%   N/A
      Reinvestment Rate   LIBOR + 400 bps   N/A
    16,199      Transaction Price   N/A   N/A   N/A
 

 

 

         

Total

  $ 1,154,820           
 

 

 

         

The following table summarizes the quantitative inputs and assumptions used for items categorized in Level III of the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2015:

 

    Fair Value     Valuation
Techniques
  Unobservable
Inputs
  Ranges   Weighted
Average (a)

Financial Assets

         

Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds

         

Equity Securities

  $ 66,962      Discounted Cash Flows   Discount Rate   7.8% - 25.0%   13.6%
      Revenue CAGR   -5.0% - 61.5%   10.2%
      Exit Multiple - EBITDA   5.0x - 18.2x   9.6x
      Exit Multiple - P/E   10.5x - 17.0x   11.2x
      Exit Capitalization Rate   5.5% - 11.4%   9%
    5,426      Other   N/A   N/A   N/A
    6,722      Transaction Price   N/A   N/A   N/A
    1,710      Market Comparable   EBITDA Multiple   6.5x - 8.0x   6.6x
    Companies   Book Value Multiple   0.9x   N/A
    29      Third Party Pricing   N/A   N/A   N/A

Partnership and LLC Interests

    423,588      Discounted Cash Flows   Discount Rate   2.1% - 25.8%   9.3%
      Revenue CAGR   -24.1% - 31.8%   8.6%
      Exit Multiple - EBITDA   0.1x - 23.8x   9.8x
      Exit Multiple - P/E   9.3x   N/A
      Exit Capitalization Rate   2.7% - 12.1%   6.3%
    30,437      Transaction Price   N/A   N/A   N/A
    16,963      Third Party Pricing   N/A   N/A   N/A
    1,403      Other   N/A   N/A   N/A

 

33

continued ...


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

    Fair Value     Valuation
Techniques
  Unobservable
Inputs
  Ranges   Weighted
Average (a)

Debt Instruments

  $ 16,217      Third Party Pricing   N/A   N/A   N/A
    4,086      Discounted Cash Flows   Discount Rate   6.5% - 52.7%   14.1%
      Revenue CAGR   16.8%   N/A
      Exit Multiple - 
EBITDA
  12.0x   N/A
      Exit
Capitalization
Rate
  1.0% - 8.3%   5.8%
    78      Transaction Price   N/A   N/A   N/A

Assets of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

    180,988      Third Party Pricing   N/A   N/A   N/A
    19,783      Market Comparable
Companies
  EBITDA Multiple   4.5x - 7.0x   6.5x
 

 

 

         

Total Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds

    774,392           

Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies

    32,004      Discounted Cash Flows   Default Rate   1.0% - 2.0%   1.9%
      Recovery Rate   30.0% - 70.0%   67.0%
      Recovery Lag   12 months   N/A
      Pre-payment Rate   20.0%   N/A
      Reinvestment Rate   LIBOR + 400 bps   N/A
      Discount Rate   5.8% - 14.0%   8.6%
    22,653      Third Party Pricing   N/A   N/A   N/A

Loans and Receivables

    241,897      Discounted Cash Flows   Discount Rate   6.7% - 20.6%   11.0%
    20,097      Third Party Pricing   N/A   N/A   N/A

Other Investments

    81,984      Discounted Cash Flows   Discount Rate   1.4% - 12.5%   3.3%
      Default Rate   2.0%   N/A
      Recovery Rate   70.0%   N/A
      Recovery Lag   12 months   N/A
      Pre-payment Rate   20.0%   N/A
      Reinvestment Rate   LIBOR + 400 bps   N/A
    19,200      Transaction Price   N/A   N/A   N/A
 

 

 

         

Total

  $ 1,192,227           
 

 

 

         

 

N/A Not applicable.
CAGR Compound annual growth rate.
EBITDA Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization.
Exit Multiple Ranges include the last twelve months EBITDA, forward EBITDA and price/earnings exit multiples.
Third Party Pricing Third Party Pricing is generally determined on the basis of prices between market participants provided by reputable dealers or pricing services.
(a) Unobservable inputs were weighted based on the fair value of the investments included in the range.

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies, debt instruments and other investments are discount rates, default rates, recovery rates, recovery lag, pre-payment rates and reinvestment rates. Increases (decreases) in any of the discount rates, default rates, recovery lag and pre-payment rates in isolation would result in a lower (higher) fair value measurement. Increases (decreases) in any of the recovery rates and reinvestment rates in isolation would result in a higher (lower) fair value measurement. Generally, a change in the assumption used for default rates may be accompanied by a

 

34


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

directionally similar change in the assumption used for recovery lag and a directionally opposite change in the assumption used for recovery rates and pre-payment rates.

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of equity securities, partnership and LLC interests, debt instruments, assets of consolidated CLO vehicles and loans and receivables are discount rates, exit capitalization rates, exit multiples, EBITDA multiples and revenue compound annual growth rates. Increases (decreases) in any of discount rates and exit capitalization rates in isolation can result in a lower (higher) fair value measurement. Increases (decreases) in any of exit multiples and revenue compound annual growth rates in isolation can result in a higher (lower) fair value measurement.

Since December 31, 2015, there have been no changes in valuation techniques within Level II and Level III that have had a material impact on the valuation of financial instruments.

The following tables summarize the changes in financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value for which the Partnership has used Level III inputs to determine fair value and does not include gains or losses that were reported in Level III in prior years or for instruments that were transferred out of Level III prior to the end of the respective reporting period. Total realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded for Level III investments are reported in Investment Income (Loss) and Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

 

    Level III Financial Assets at Fair Value
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
    2016     2015  
    Investments
of
Consolidated
Funds
    Loans
and
Receivables
    Other
Investments (a)
    Total     Investments
of
Consolidated
Funds
    Loans
and
Receivables
    Other
Investments (a)
    Total  

Balance, Beginning of Period

  $ 774,392      $ 261,994      $ 155,841      $ 1,192,227      $ 2,394,823      $ 40,397      $ 189,385      $ 2,624,605   

Transfer Out Due to Deconsolidation

    —          —          —          —          (1,460,538     —          —          (1,460,538

Transfer In to Level III (b)

    54,626        —          290        54,916        9,314        —          17,125        26,439   

Transfer Out of Level III (b)

    (61,879     —          (4,005     (65,884     (12,353     —          (22,684     (35,037

Purchases

    63,932        298,381        —          362,313        83,503        6,186        24,933        114,622   

Sales

    (92,578     (267,556     (20,007     (380,141     (92,074     (4,071     (35,153     (131,298

Settlements

    —          (4,294     (140     (4,434     —          (1,144     (103     (1,247

Changes in Gains (Losses) Included in Earnings and Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

    (1,795     (667     (1,715     (4,177     (2,227     (677     (9,705     (12,609
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period

  $ 736,698      $ 287,858      $ 130,264      $ 1,154,820      $ 920,448      $ 40,691      $ 163,798      $ 1,124,937   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Changes in Unrealized Gains (Losses) Included in Earnings Related to Investments Still Held at the Reporting Date

  $ (18,484   $ (667   $ (1,300   $ (20,451   $ 6,352      $ (806   $ 1,348      $ 6,894   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

35


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

    Level III Financial Liabilities at Fair Value
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 (c)
 
    Collateralized
Loan
Obligations
Senior
Notes
    Collateralized
Loan
Obligations
Subordinated
Notes
    Total  

Balance, Beginning of Period

  $ 6,448,352      $ 348,752      $ 6,797,104   

Transfer Out Due to Deconsolidation

    (4,168,405     (261,934     (4,430,339

Transfer Out Due to Amended CLO Guidance (d)

    (2,279,947     (86,818     (2,366,765
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period

  $ —        $ —        $ —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(a) Represents Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies and Other Investments.
(b) Transfers in and out of Level III financial assets and liabilities were due to changes in the observability of inputs used in the valuation of such assets and liabilities.
(c) There were no Level III financial liabilities as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2016. There were no changes in unrealized (gains) losses included in earnings related to liabilities still held at either March 31, 2016 or March 31, 2015.
(d) Transfers out due to amended CLO measurement guidance represents the transfer out of Level III for liabilities of consolidated CLO vehicles for which fair value is based on the more observable fair value of CLO assets. Such liabilities are classified as Level II within the fair value hierarchy.

 

9. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

Pursuant to GAAP consolidation guidance, the Partnership consolidates certain VIEs in which it is determined that the Partnership is the primary beneficiary either directly or indirectly, through a consolidated entity or affiliate. VIEs include certain private equity, real estate, credit-focused or funds of hedge funds entities and CLO vehicles. The purpose of such VIEs is to provide strategy specific investment opportunities for investors in exchange for management and performance based fees. The investment strategies of the Blackstone Funds differ by product; however, the fundamental risks of the Blackstone Funds have similar characteristics, including loss of invested capital and loss of management fees and performance based fees. In Blackstone’s role as general partner, collateral manager or investment adviser, it generally considers itself the sponsor of the applicable Blackstone Fund. The Partnership does not provide performance guarantees and has no other financial obligation to provide funding to consolidated VIEs other than its own capital commitments.

The assets of consolidated variable interest entities may only be used to settle obligations of these consolidated Blackstone Funds. In addition, there is no recourse to the Partnership for the consolidated VIEs’ liabilities including the liabilities of the consolidated CLO vehicles.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The Partnership holds variable interests in certain VIEs which are not consolidated as it is determined that the Partnership is not the primary beneficiary. The Partnership’s involvement with such entities is in the form of direct equity interests and fee arrangements. The maximum exposure to loss represents the loss of assets recognized by Blackstone relating to non-consolidated entities, any amounts due to non-consolidated entities and any clawback obligation relating to previously distributed Carried Interest. The assets and liabilities recognized in the Partnership’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition related to the Partnership’s interest in these non-consolidated VIEs and the Partnership’s maximum exposure to loss relating to non-consolidated VIEs were as follows:

 

     March 31,
2016
     December 31,
2015
 

Investments

   $ 517,284       $ 466,651   

Accounts Receivable

     14,593         11,726   

Due from Affiliates

     45,314         51,029   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total VIE Assets

     577,191         529,406   

Due to Affiliates

     652         586   

Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

     122         88   

Potential Clawback Obligation

     74,676         73,450   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Maximum Exposure to Loss

   $ 652,641       $ 603,530   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

10. REVERSE REPURCHASE AND REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS

At March 31, 2016, the Partnership received securities, primarily U.S. and non-U.S. government and agency securities, asset-backed securities and corporate debt, with a fair value of $45.2 million as collateral for reverse repurchase agreements that could be repledged, delivered or otherwise used. Securities with a fair value of $32.1 million and cash were used to cover Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased. The Partnership also pledged securities with a carrying value of $75.7 million and cash to collateralize its repurchase agreements. Such securities can be repledged, delivered or otherwise used by the counterparty.

At December 31, 2015, the Partnership pledged securities with a carrying value of $64.5 million and cash to collateralize its repurchase agreements. Such securities can be repledged, delivered or otherwise used by the counterparty.

The following table provides information regarding the Partnership’s Repurchase Agreements obligation by type of collateral pledged as of March 31, 2016:

 

     March 31, 2016  
     Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements  
     Overnight and
Continuous
     Up to
30 Days
     30 - 90
Days
     Greater
than
90 days
     Total  

Repurchase Agreements

              

Asset-Backed Securities

   $ —         $ 5,148       $ 40,260       $ 4,132       $ 49,540   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Gross Amount of Recognized Liabilities for Repurchase Agreements in Note 11. “Offsetting of Assets and Liabilities”

   

   $ 49,540   
              

 

 

 

Amounts Related to Agreements Not Included in Offsetting Disclosure in Note 11. “Offsetting of Assets and Liabilities”

   

   $ —     
              

 

 

 

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

11. OFFSETTING OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

The following tables present the offsetting of assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2016:

 

     Gross and Net
Amounts of Assets
Presented in the
Statement of

Financial
Condition
     Gross Amounts Not Offset in
the Statement of Financial
Condition
        
      Financial
Instruments
     Cash Collateral
Received
     Net Amount  

Assets

           

Net Investment Hedges

   $ 9       $ 9       $ —         $ —     

Freestanding Derivatives

     3,814         1,215         1,174         1,425   

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

     45,301         45,151         —           150   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 49,124       $ 46,375       $ 1,174       $ 1,575   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     Gross and Net
Amounts of Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of

Financial
Condition
     Gross Amounts Not Offset in
the Statement of Financial
Condition
        
      Financial
Instruments
     Cash Collateral
Pledged
     Net Amount  

Liabilities

           

Net Investment Hedges

   $ 1,677       $ 9       $ —         $ 1,668   

Freestanding Derivatives

     14,475         1,215         12,909         351   

Repurchase Agreements

     49,540         46,573         2,967         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 65,692       $ 47,797       $ 15,876       $ 2,019   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following tables present the offsetting of assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2015:

 

     Gross and Net
Amounts of Assets
Presented in the
Statement of

Financial
Condition
     Gross Amounts Not Offset in
the Statement of Financial
Condition
        
      Financial
Instruments
     Cash Collateral
Received
     Net Amount  

Assets

           

Net Investment Hedges

   $ 319       $ 1       $ —         $ 318   

Freestanding Derivatives

     4,300         2,149         1,310         841   

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

     204,893         203,938         —           955   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 209,512       $ 206,088       $ 1,310       $ 2,114   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     Gross and Net
Amounts of Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of

Financial
Condition
     Gross Amounts Not Offset in
the Statement of Financial
Condition
        
      Financial
Instruments
     Cash Collateral
Pledged
     Net
Amount
 

Liabilities

           

Net Investment Hedges

   $ 1       $ 1       $ —         $ —     

Freestanding Derivatives

     15,016         2,149         12,076         791   

Repurchase Agreements

     40,929         40,259         670         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 55,946       $ 42,409       $ 12,746       $ 791   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Reverse Repurchase Agreements and Repurchase Agreements are presented separately on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Freestanding Derivative assets are included in Other Assets in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The following table presents the components of Other Assets:

 

     March 31, 2016      December 31, 2015  

Furniture, Equipment and Leasehold Improvements, Net

   $ 139,318       $ 135,543   

Prepaid Expenses

     144,887         190,241   

Other Assets

     28,168         46,786   

Freestanding Derivatives

     3,814         4,300   

Net Investment Hedges

     9         319   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 316,196       $ 377,189   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Freestanding Derivative liabilities are included in Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and are not a significant component thereof.

Notional Pooling Arrangement

Blackstone has a notional cash pooling arrangement with a financial institution for cash management purposes. This arrangement allows for cash withdrawals based upon aggregate cash balances on deposit at the same financial institution. Cash withdrawals cannot exceed aggregate cash balances on deposit. The net balance of cash on deposit and overdrafts is used as a basis for calculating net interest expense or income. As of March 31, 2016, the aggregate cash balance on deposit relating to the cash pooling arrangement was $952.1 million, which was fully offset with an accompanying overdraft.

 

12. BORROWINGS

The following table presents the general characteristics of each of our Notes, as well as their carrying value and fair value. The Notes are included in Loans Payable within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. All of the Notes were issued at a discount. All of the Notes accrue interest from the Issue Date and all pay interest in arrears on a semi-annual basis or annual basis.

 

     March 31, 2016      December 31, 2015  

Senior Notes

   Carrying
Value
     Fair Value (a)      Carrying
Value
     Fair Value (a)  

6.625%, Due 8/15/2019 (b)

   $ 613,047       $ 667,485       $ 614,996       $ 665,438   

5.875%, Due 3/15/2021

   $ 397,814       $ 459,880       $ 397,720       $ 458,680   

4.750%, Due 2/15/2023

   $ 392,452       $ 436,560       $ 392,224       $ 430,560   

6.250%, Due 8/15/2042

   $ 237,692       $ 297,200       $ 237,648       $ 297,575   

5.000%, Due 6/15/2044

   $ 488,204       $ 510,750       $ 488,119       $ 515,050   

4.450%, Due 7/15/2045

   $ 343,737       $ 330,365       $ 343,689       $ 332,640   

2.000%, Due 5/19/2025

   $ 334,697       $ 351,977       $ 322,664       $ 327,465   

 

(a) Fair value is determined by broker quote and these notes would be classified as Level II within the fair value hierarchy.
(b) The carrying and fair values are determined using the original $600 million par amount less $15 million attributable to these notes which were acquired but not retired by Blackstone during 2012.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Included within Loans Payable and Due to Affiliates within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition are amounts due to holders of debt securities issued by Blackstone’s consolidated CLO vehicles. Borrowings through the consolidated CLO vehicles consisted of the following:

 

     March 31, 2016      December 31, 2015  
     Borrowing
Outstanding
     Weighted-
Average
Interest
Rate
    Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Maturity
in Years
     Borrowing
Outstanding
     Weighted-
Average
Interest
Rate
    Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Maturity
in Years
 

Senior Secured Notes

   $ 3,786,464         1.94     5.5       $ 3,687,976         1.93     5.4   

Subordinated Notes

     234,071         (a     N/A         226,350         (a     N/A   
  

 

 

         

 

 

      
   $ 4,020,535            $ 3,914,326        
  

 

 

         

 

 

      

 

(a) The Subordinated Notes do not have contractual interest rates but instead receive distributions from the excess cash flows of the CLO vehicles.

Senior Secured Notes and Subordinated Notes comprise the following amounts:

 

     March 31, 2016      December 31, 2015  
            Amounts Due to Non-
Consolidated Affiliates
            Amounts Due to Non-
Consolidated Affiliates
 
     Fair Value      Borrowing
Outstanding
     Fair Value      Fair Value      Borrowing
Outstanding
     Fair Value  

Senior Secured Notes

   $ 3,467,956       $ —         $ —         $ 3,225,064       $ —         $ —     

Subordinated Notes

   $ 86,063       $ 10,000       $ 8,164       $ 98,371       $ 10,000       $ 8,231   

The Loans Payable of the consolidated CLO vehicles are collateralized by assets held by each respective CLO vehicle and assets of one vehicle may not be used to satisfy the liabilities of another. As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the fair value of the consolidated CLO assets was $4.1 billion and $3.9 billion, respectively. This collateral consisted of Cash, Corporate Loans, Corporate Bonds, other securities and receivables.

Scheduled principal payments for borrowings as of March 31, 2016 were as follows:

 

     Operating
Borrowings
     Blackstone Fund
Facilities/CLO
Vehicles
     Total
Borrowings
 

2016

   $ —         $ 4,253       $ 4,253   

2017

     —           538,555         538,555   

2018

     —           —           —     

2019

     585,000         —           585,000   

2020

     —           —           —     

Thereafter

     2,240,140         3,481,980         5,722,120   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 2,825,140       $ 4,024,788       $ 6,849,928   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

13. INCOME TAXES

Blackstone’s effective tax rate was 5.7% and 6.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Blackstone’s income tax provision was $18.9 million and $99.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The Blackstone Group L.P. and certain of its subsidiaries operate in the U.S. as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and generally as corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. Blackstone’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 was substantially due to the fact that certain corporate subsidiaries are subject to federal, state, local and foreign income taxes (as applicable) and other subsidiaries are subject to New York City unincorporated business taxes.

 

14. NET INCOME PER COMMON UNIT

Basic and diluted net income per common unit for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015 was calculated as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
     2016      2015  

Net Income for Per Common Unit Calculation

     

Net Income Attributable to The Blackstone Group L.P., Basic

   $ 150,033       $ 629,448   

Incremental Net Income from Assumed Exchange of Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units

     119,594         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net Income Attributable to The Blackstone Group L.P., Diluted

   $ 269,627       $ 629,448   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Units Outstanding

     

Weighted-Average Common Units Outstanding, Basic

     644,897,849         625,276,969   

Weighted-Average Unvested Deferred Restricted Common Units

     1,629,702         5,955,072   

Weighted-Average Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units

     548,042,780         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Weighted-Average Common Units Outstanding, Diluted

     1,194,570,331         631,232,041   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net Income Per Common Unit, Basic

   $ 0.23       $ 1.01   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net Income Per Common Unit, Diluted

   $ 0.23       $ 1.00   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Distributions Declared Per Common Unit (a)

   $ 0.61       $ 0.78   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(a) Distributions declared reflects the calendar date of the declaration for each distribution.

The following table summarizes the anti-dilutive securities for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,
             2016                      2015        

Weighted-Average Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units

     —         548,837,150

Unit Repurchase Program

In January 2008, Blackstone announced that the Board of Directors of its general partner, Blackstone Group Management L.L.C., had authorized the repurchase by Blackstone of up to $500 million of Blackstone common units and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units. Under this unit repurchase program, units may be repurchased from time to time in open market transactions, in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. The timing and the actual number of Blackstone common units and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units repurchased will depend on a variety of factors, including legal requirements, price and economic and market conditions. This unit repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time and does not have a specified expiration date.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

During the three month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, no units were repurchased. As of March 31, 2016, the amount remaining available for repurchases under this program was $335.8 million.

 

15. EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION

The Partnership has granted equity-based compensation awards to Blackstone’s senior managing directors, non-partner professionals, non-professionals and selected external advisers under the Partnership’s 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Equity Plan”), the majority of which to date were granted in connection with Blackstone’s initial public offering (“IPO”). The Equity Plan allows for the granting of options, unit appreciation rights or other unit-based awards (units, restricted units, restricted common units, deferred restricted common units, phantom restricted common units or other unit-based awards based in whole or in part on the fair value of the Blackstone common units or Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units) which may contain certain service or performance requirements. As of January 1, 2016, the Partnership had the ability to grant 168,600,140 units under the Equity Plan.

For the three months ended March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015, the Partnership recorded compensation expense of $79.8 million and $272.3 million, respectively, in relation to its equity-based awards with corresponding tax benefits of $8.3 million and $23.6 million, respectively.

As of March 31, 2016, there was $1.0 billion of estimated unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested awards. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 4.9 years.

Total vested and unvested outstanding units, including Blackstone common units, Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units and deferred restricted common units, were 1,192,401,538 as of March 31, 2016. Total outstanding unvested phantom units were 35,844 as of March 31, 2016.

A summary of the status of the Partnership’s unvested equity-based awards as of March 31, 2016 and of changes during the period January 1, 2016 through March 31, 2016 is presented below:

 

     Blackstone Holdings      The Blackstone Group L.P.  
                  Equity Settled Awards      Cash Settled Awards  

Unvested Units

   Partnership
Units
    Weighted-
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value
     Deferred
Restricted
Common
Units and
Options
    Weighted-
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value
     Phantom
Units
    Weighted-
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value
 

Balance, December 31, 2015

     40,901,755      $ 32.98         14,342,129      $ 22.38         27,942      $ 28.79   

Granted

     363,239        28.57         1,893,628        28.77         2,465        29.24   

Vested

     (4,089,498     22.46         (2,600,563     22.92         (529     28.14   

Forfeited

     (164,898     39.21         (271,587     20.04         —          —     
  

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

   

Balance, March 31, 2016

     37,010,598      $ 34.07         13,363,607      $ 23.23         29,878      $ 28.84   
  

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

   

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Units Expected to Vest

The following unvested units, after expected forfeitures, as of March 31, 2016, are expected to vest:

 

     Units      Weighted-Average
Service Period in
Years
 

Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units

     29,122,600         4.4   

Deferred Restricted Blackstone Common Units

     11,561,529         2.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Equity-Based Awards

     40,684,129         3.7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Phantom Units

     22,284         3.5   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Equity-Based Awards with Performance Conditions

The Partnership has also granted certain equity-based awards with performance requirements. These awards are based on the performance of certain businesses over a four year period beginning August 2013, relative to a predetermined threshold. Blackstone has determined that it is probable that the relevant performance thresholds will be exceeded in future periods and, therefore, has recorded compensation expense since the beginning of the performance period of $4.2 million.

 

16. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Affiliate Receivables and Payables

Due from Affiliates and Due to Affiliates consisted of the following:

 

     March 31,
2016
     December 31,
2015
 

Due from Affiliates

     

Accrual for Potential Clawback of Previously Distributed Carried Interest

   $ 2,659       $ 1,686   

Advances Made on Behalf of Certain Non-Controlling Interest Holders and Blackstone Employees Principally for Investments in Blackstone Funds

     293,701         331,558   

Amounts Due from Portfolio Companies and Funds

     295,718         319,758   

Investments Redeemed in Non-Consolidated Funds of Hedge Funds

     6,760         5,931   

Management and Performance Fees Due from Non-Consolidated Funds

     371,260         403,538   

Payments Made on Behalf of Non-Consolidated Entities

     169,428         178,326   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 1,139,526       $ 1,240,797   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

     March 31,
2016
     December 31,
2015
 

Due to Affiliates

     

Due to Certain Non-Controlling Interest Holders in Connection with the Tax Receivable Agreements

   $ 1,145,207       $ 1,201,543   

Accrual for Potential Repayment of Previously Received Performance Fees

     6,308         3,356   

Due to Note Holders of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

     8,164         8,231   

Distributions Received on Behalf of Certain Non-Controlling Interest Holders and Blackstone Employees

     17,262         26,593   

Distributions Received on Behalf of Blackstone Entities

     36,504         33,160   

Payments Made by Non-Consolidated Entities

     5,739         9,817   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 1,219,184       $ 1,282,700   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Interests of the Founder, Senior Managing Directors, Employees and Other Related Parties

The Founder, senior managing directors, employees and certain other related parties invest on a discretionary basis in the consolidated Blackstone Funds both directly and through consolidated entities. These investments generally are subject to preferential management fee and performance fee arrangements. As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, such investments aggregated $732.1 million and $746.3 million, respectively. Their share of the Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Redeemable Non-Controlling and Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities aggregated $3.0 million and $49.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Revenues Earned from Affiliates

Management and Advisory Fees, Net earned from affiliates totaled $56.7 million and $48.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Fees relate primarily to transaction and monitoring fees which are negotiated in the ordinary course of fundraising and investment activities.

Loans to Affiliates

Loans to affiliates consist of interest bearing advances to certain Blackstone individuals to finance their investments in certain Blackstone Funds. These loans earn interest at Blackstone’s cost of borrowing and such interest totaled $0.2 million and $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Contingent Repayment Guarantee

Blackstone and its personnel who have received Carried Interest distributions have guaranteed payment on a several basis (subject to a cap) to the Carry Funds of any clawback obligation with respect to the excess Carried Interest allocated to the general partners of such funds and indirectly received thereby to the extent that either Blackstone or its personnel fails to fulfill its clawback obligation, if any. The Accrual for Potential Repayment of Previously Received Performance Fees represents amounts previously paid to Blackstone Holdings and non-controlling interest holders that would need to be repaid to the Blackstone Funds if the Carry Funds were to be liquidated based on the fair value of their underlying investments as of March 31, 2016. See Note 17. “Commitments and Contingencies — Contingencies — Contingent Obligations (Clawback)”.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Aircraft and Other Services

In the normal course of business, Blackstone personnel make use of aircraft owned as personal assets by Stephen A. Schwarzman; an aircraft owned jointly as a personal asset by Hamilton E. James, Blackstone’s President and Chief Operating Officer, and Jonathan D. Gray, Blackstone’s Global Head of Real Estate and a Director of Blackstone; and an aircraft owned jointly as a personal asset by Bennett J. Goodman, Co-Founder of GSO Capital and a Director of Blackstone, and another senior managing director (each such aircraft, “Personal Aircraft”). Mr. Schwarzman paid for his purchases of his Personal Aircraft himself. Each of Mr. James and Mr. Gray paid for his respective interest in their jointly owned Personal Aircraft. Mr. Goodman paid for his interest in his jointly owned Personal Aircraft. Mr. Schwarzman, Mr. James, Mr. Gray and Mr. Goodman respectively bear operating, personnel and maintenance costs associated with the operation of such Personal Aircraft. Payment by Blackstone for the use of the Personal Aircraft by Blackstone employees is made based on market rates.

In addition, on occasion, certain of Blackstone’s executive officers and employee directors and their families may make use of aircraft owned by Blackstone or in which Blackstone owns a fractional interest, as well as other assets of Blackstone. Any such personal use of Blackstone assets is charged to the executive officer or employee director based on market rates and usage. Personal use of Blackstone resources is also reimbursed to Blackstone based on market rates.

The transactions described herein are not material to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Tax Receivable Agreements

Blackstone used a portion of the proceeds from the IPO and the sale of non-voting common units to Beijing Wonderful Investments to purchase interests in the predecessor businesses from the predecessor owners. In addition, holders of Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units may exchange their Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units for Blackstone common units on a one-for-one basis. The purchase and subsequent exchanges are expected to result in increases in the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Blackstone Holdings and therefore reduce the amount of tax that Blackstone’s wholly owned subsidiaries would otherwise be required to pay in the future.

One of the subsidiaries of the Partnership which is a corporate taxpayer has entered into tax receivable agreements with each of the predecessor owners and additional tax receivable agreements have been executed, and will continue to be executed, with newly-admitted senior managing directors and others who acquire Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units. The agreements provide for the payment by the corporate taxpayer to such owners of 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local income tax that the corporate taxpayers actually realize as a result of the aforementioned increases in tax basis and of certain other tax benefits related to entering into these tax receivable agreements. For purposes of the tax receivable agreements, cash savings in income tax will be computed by comparing the actual income tax liability of the corporate taxpayers to the amount of such taxes that the corporate taxpayers would have been required to pay had there been no increase to the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Blackstone Holdings as a result of the exchanges and had the corporate taxpayers not entered into the tax receivable agreements.

Assuming no future material changes in the relevant tax law and that the corporate taxpayers earn sufficient taxable income to realize the full tax benefit of the increased amortization of the assets, the expected future payments under the tax receivable agreements (which are taxable to the recipients) will aggregate $1.1 billion over the next 15 years. The after-tax net present value of these estimated payments totals $360.8 million assuming a 15% discount rate and using Blackstone’s most recent projections relating to the estimated timing of the benefit to be received. Future payments under the tax receivable agreements in respect of subsequent exchanges would be in

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

addition to these amounts. The payments under the tax receivable agreements are not conditioned upon continued ownership of Blackstone equity interests by the pre-IPO owners and the others mentioned above.

Amounts related to the deferred tax asset resulting from the increase in tax basis from the exchange of Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units to Blackstone common units, the resulting remeasurement of net deferred tax assets at the Blackstone ownership percentage at the balance sheet date, the due to affiliates for the future payments resulting from the tax receivable agreements and resulting adjustment to partners’ capital are included as Acquisition of Ownership Interests from Non-Controlling Interest Holders in the Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Other

Blackstone does business with and on behalf of some of its Portfolio Companies; all such arrangements are on a negotiated basis.

Additionally, please see Note 17. “Commitments and Contingencies — Contingencies — Guarantees” for information regarding guarantees provided to a lending institution for certain loans held by employees.

 

17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Commitments

Investment Commitments

Blackstone had $2.2 billion of investment commitments as of March 31, 2016 representing general partner capital funding commitments to the Blackstone Funds, limited partner capital funding to other funds and Blackstone principal investment commitments. The consolidated Blackstone Funds had signed investment commitments of $22.9 million as of March 31, 2016 which includes $10.6 million of signed investment commitments for portfolio company acquisitions in the process of closing.

Contingencies

Guarantees

Certain of Blackstone’s consolidated real estate funds guarantee payments to third parties in connection with the on-going business activities and/or acquisitions of their Portfolio Companies. There is no direct recourse to the Partnership to fulfill such obligations. To the extent that underlying funds are required to fulfill guarantee obligations, the Partnership’s invested capital in such funds is at risk. Total investments at risk in respect of guarantees extended by consolidated real estate funds was $6.3 million as of March 31, 2016.

The Blackstone Holdings Partnerships provided guarantees to a lending institution for certain loans held by employees either for investment in Blackstone Funds or for members’ capital contributions to Blackstone International Partners LLP. The amount guaranteed as of March 31, 2016 was $136.4 million.

Litigation

From time to time, Blackstone is named as a defendant in legal actions relating to transactions conducted in the ordinary course of business. Although there can be no assurance of the outcome of such legal actions, in the opinion of management, Blackstone does not have a potential liability related to any current legal proceeding or claim that would individually or in the aggregate materially affect its results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Contingent Obligations (Clawback)

Carried Interest is subject to clawback to the extent that the Carried Interest received to date with respect to a fund exceeds the amount due to Blackstone based on cumulative results of that fund. The actual clawback liability, however, generally does not become realized until the end of a fund’s life except for certain Blackstone real estate funds, multi-asset class investment funds and credit-focused funds, which may have an interim clawback liability. The lives of the carry funds, including available contemplated extensions, for which a liability for potential clawback obligations has been recorded for financial reporting purposes, are currently anticipated to expire at various points through 2028. Further extensions of such terms may be implemented under given circumstances.

For financial reporting purposes, the general partners have recorded a liability for potential clawback obligations to the limited partners of some of the carry funds due to changes in the unrealized value of a fund’s remaining investments and where the fund’s general partner has previously received Carried Interest distributions with respect to such fund’s realized investments.

The following table presents the clawback obligations by segment:

 

     March 31, 2016      December 31, 2015  

Segment

   Blackstone
Holdings
     Current and
Former Personnel
     Total      Blackstone
Holdings
     Current and
Former Personnel
     Total  

Credit

   $ 3,649       $ 2,659       $ 6,308       $ 1,670       $ 1,686       $ 3,356   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

A portion of the Carried Interest paid to current and former Blackstone personnel is held in segregated accounts in the event of a cash clawback obligation. These segregated accounts are not included in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of the Partnership, except to the extent a portion of the assets held in the segregated accounts may be allocated to a consolidated Blackstone fund of hedge funds. At March 31, 2016, $576.8 million was held in segregated accounts for the purpose of meeting any clawback obligations of current and former personnel if such payments are required.

If, at March 31, 2016, all of the investments held by the carry funds were deemed worthless, a possibility that management views as remote, the amount of Carried Interest subject to potential clawback would be $4.6 billion, on an after tax basis where applicable, of which $4.2 billion related to Blackstone Holdings and $432.0 million related to current and former Blackstone personnel.

 

18. SEGMENT REPORTING

Blackstone transacts its primary business in the United States and substantially all of its revenues are generated domestically.

Blackstone conducts its alternative asset management businesses through four segments:

 

   

Private Equity — Blackstone’s Private Equity segment comprises its management of private equity funds, certain opportunistic investment funds, a core private equity fund and secondary private funds of funds.

 

   

Real Estate — Blackstone’s Real Estate segment primarily comprises its management of global, European focused and Asian focused opportunistic real estate funds as well as core+ real estate funds. In addition, the segment has debt investment funds and a publicly traded REIT targeting non-controlling real estate debt-related investment opportunities in the public and private markets, primarily in the United States and Europe.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

   

Hedge Fund Solutions — Blackstone’s Hedge Fund Solutions segment is comprised principally of Blackstone Alternative Asset Management (“BAAM”), which manages a broad range of commingled and customized hedge fund of fund solutions. The Hedge Fund Solutions business also includes investment platforms that seed new hedge fund talent, purchase ownership interests in more established hedge funds, invest in special situation opportunities, create alternative solutions in regulated structures and trade long and short public equities.

 

   

Credit — Blackstone’s Credit segment, which consists principally of GSO Capital Partners LP (“GSO”), manages credit-focused products within private and public debt market strategies. GSO’s products include senior credit-focused funds, mezzanine funds, distressed debt funds, general credit-focused funds, registered investment companies, separately managed accounts and CLO vehicles.

These business segments are differentiated by their various sources of income. The Private Equity, Real Estate, Hedge Fund Solutions and Credit segments primarily earn their income from management fees and investment returns on assets under management.

Blackstone uses Economic Income (“EI”) as a key measure of value creation, a benchmark of its performance and in making resource deployment and compensation decisions across its four segments. EI represents segment net income before taxes excluding transaction-related charges. Transaction-related charges arise from Blackstone’s IPO and long-term retention programs outside of annual deferred compensation and other corporate actions, including acquisitions. Transaction-related charges include equity-based compensation charges, the amortization of intangible assets and contingent consideration associated with acquisitions. EI presents revenues and expenses on a basis that deconsolidates the investment funds Blackstone manages. Economic Net Income (“ENI”) represents EI adjusted to include current period taxes. Taxes represent the current tax provision (benefit) calculated on Income (Loss) Before Provision for Taxes.

Senior management makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of each of Blackstone’s business segments based on financial and operating metrics and data that is presented without the consolidation of any of the Blackstone Funds that are consolidated into the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Consequently, all segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results related to the Blackstone Funds.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The following table presents the financial data for Blackstone’s four segments as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015. On October 1, 2015, Blackstone completed the spin-off of the operations that historically constituted Blackstone’s Financial Advisory segment, other than Blackstone’s capital markets services business. Blackstone’s capital markets services business was retained and was not part of the spin-off. These historical operations included various financial advisory services, including financial and strategic advisory, restructuring and reorganization advisory and fund placement services. As of October 1, 2015, Blackstone no longer reported a Financial Advisory segment. Results of the historical Financial Advisory segment are included herein for comparative purposes only. The results of Blackstone’s capital markets services business were reclassified from the Financial Advisory segment to the Private Equity segment. All prior periods have been recast to reflect this reclassification.

 

    March 31, 2016 and the Three Months Then Ended  
    Private
Equity
    Real
Estate
    Hedge Fund
Solutions
    Credit     Total
Segments
 

Segment Revenues

         

Management and Advisory Fees, Net

         

Base Management Fees

  $ 130,648      $ 199,907      $ 130,158      $ 125,990      $ 586,703   

Advisory Fees

    481        —          —          —          481   

Transaction and Other Fees, Net

    8,439        35,794        543        1,342        46,118   

Management Fee Offsets

    (6,848     (3,595     —          (9,658     (20,101
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Management and Advisory Fees, Net

    132,720        232,106        130,701        117,674        613,201   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

         

Realized

         

Carried Interest

    30,282        200,627        —          —          230,909   

Incentive Fees

    —          4,069        2,684        21,697        28,450   

Unrealized

         

Carried Interest

    73,875        (11,522     32        (14,779     47,606   

Incentive Fees

    —          9,765        (2,935     270        7,100   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

    104,157        202,939        (219     7,188        314,065   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income (Loss)

         

Realized

    (15,357     12,975        (4,745     (2,974     (10,101

Unrealized

    15,440        (2,137     (12,291     (17,561     (16,549
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income (Loss)

    83        10,838        (17,036     (20,535     (26,650

Interest and Dividend Revenue

    9,849        13,188        5,296        6,748        35,081   

Other

    (1,587     (1,909     (1,388     (1,364     (6,248
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

    245,222        457,162        117,354        109,711        929,449   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

         

Compensation and Benefits Compensation

    80,274        100,578        54,169        52,382        287,403   

Performance Fee Compensation

         

Realized

         

Carried Interest

    15,427        43,076        —          —          58,503   

Incentive Fees

    —          2,133        1,863        10,127        14,123   

Unrealized

         

Carried Interest

    9,296        27,703        —          (6,998     30,001   

Incentive Fees

    —          4,158        (1,195     485        3,448   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

    104,997        177,648        54,837        55,996        393,478   

Other Operating Expenses

    48,063        48,097        26,146        26,220        148,526   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

    153,060        225,745        80,983        82,216        542,004   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Economic Income

  $ 92,162      $ 231,417      $ 36,371      $ 27,495      $ 387,445   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Segment Assets

  $ 5,390,618      $ 7,320,885      $ 1,762,700      $ 2,650,331      $ 17,124,534   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

    Three Months Ended March 31, 2015  
    Private
Equity
    Real Estate     Hedge Fund
Solutions
    Credit     Financial
Advisory
    Total
Segments
 

Segment Revenues

           

Management and Advisory Fees, Net

           

Base Management Fees

  $ 108,383      $ 152,348      $ 130,637      $ 125,029      $ —        $ 516,397   

Advisory Fees

    2,429        —          —          —          81,809        84,238   

Transaction and Other Fees, Net

    20,359        15,216        25        1,457        16        37,073   

Management Fee Offsets

    (4,949     (4,866     (280     (7,850     —          (17,945
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Management and Advisory Fees, Net

    126,222        162,698        130,382        118,636        81,825        619,763   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

           

Realized

           

Carried Interest

    382,978        811,249        —          13,367        —          1,207,594   

Incentive Fees

    —          723        10,516        18,431        —          29,670   

Unrealized

           

Carried Interest

    566,822        (181,019     —          (11,951     —          373,852   

Incentive Fees

    —          6,069        47,427        9,124        —          62,620   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

    949,800        637,022        57,943        28,971        —          1,673,736   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income (Loss)

           

Realized

    44,816        71,344        (10,375     2,237        (230     107,792   

Unrealized

    31,487        37,510        4,483        6,887        1,482        81,849   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income (Loss)

    76,303        108,854        (5,892     9,124        1,252        189,641   

Interest and Dividend Revenue

    7,618        9,997        3,949        5,651        3,236        30,451   

Other

    (1,825     (3,977     (1,607     3,493        (956     (4,872
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

    1,158,118        914,594        184,775        165,875        85,357        2,508,719   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

           

Compensation and Benefits Compensation

    71,072        84,834        56,104        49,877        67,951        329,838   

Performance Fee Compensation

           

Realized

           

Carried Interest

    39,482        246,496        —          6,270        —          292,248   

Incentive Fees

    —          356        3,470        8,401        —          12,227   

Unrealized

           

Carried Interest

    178,120        (98,084     —          (5,656     —          74,380   

Incentive Fees

    —          2,575        15,651        6,735        —          24,961   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

    288,674        236,177        75,225        65,627        67,951        733,654   

Other Operating Expenses

    38,875        40,143        21,206        21,836        21,222        143,282   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

    327,549        276,320        96,431        87,463        89,173        876,936   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Economic Income (Loss)

  $ 830,569      $ 638,274      $ 88,344      $ 78,412      $ (3,816   $ 1,631,783   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The following table reconciles the Total Segments to Blackstone’s Income Before Provision for Taxes and Total Assets as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31, 2016      Three Months Ended March 31, 2015  
     Total
Segments
     Consolidation
Adjustments
and Reconciling
Items
    Blackstone
Consolidated
     Total
Segments
     Consolidation
Adjustments
and Reconciling
Items
    Blackstone
Consolidated
 

Revenues

   $ 929,449       $ 2,905 (a)    $ 932,354       $ 2,508,719       $ 3,639 (a)    $ 2,512,358   

Expenses

   $ 542,004       $ 75,706 (b)    $ 617,710       $ 876,936       $ 265,632 (b)    $ 1,142,568   

Other Income

   $ —         $ 19,142 (c)    $ 19,142       $ —         $ 93,555 (c)    $ 93,555   

Economic Income

   $ 387,445       $ (53,659) (d)    $ 333,786       $ 1,631,783       $ (168,438) (d)    $ 1,463,345   

Total Assets

   $ 17,124,534       $ 4,926,370 (e)    $ 22,050,904           

 

(a) The Revenues adjustment represents management and performance fees earned from Blackstone Funds which were eliminated in consolidation to arrive at Blackstone consolidated revenues and non-segment related Investment Income (Loss), which is included in Blackstone consolidated revenues.
(b) The Expenses adjustment represents the addition of expenses of the consolidated Blackstone Funds to the Blackstone unconsolidated expenses, amortization of intangibles and expenses related to transaction-related equity-based compensation to arrive at Blackstone consolidated expenses.
(c) The Other Income adjustment results from the following:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
           2016                  2015        

Fund Management Fees and Performance Fees Eliminated in Consolidation and Transactional Investment Loss

   $ (2,757    $ (3,711

Fund Expenses Added in Consolidation

     (5,847      9,367   

Non-Controlling Interests in Income of Consolidated Entities

     33,685         89,323   

Transaction-Related Other Loss

     (5,939      (1,424
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Consolidation Adjustments and Reconciling Items

   $ 19,142       $ 93,555   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(d) The reconciliation of Economic Income to Income Before Provision for Taxes as reported in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations consists of the following:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
             2016                      2015          

Economic Income

   $ 387,445       $ 1,631,783   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Adjustments

     

Amortization of Intangibles

     (23,208      (25,899

IPO and Acquisition-Related Charges

     (64,136      (231,862

Non-Controlling Interests in Income of Consolidated Entities

     33,685         89,323   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Consolidation Adjustments and Reconciling Items

     (53,659      (168,438
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Income Before Provision for Taxes

   $ 333,786       $ 1,463,345   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

(e) The Total Assets adjustment represents the addition of assets of the consolidated Blackstone Funds to the Blackstone unconsolidated assets to arrive at Blackstone consolidated assets.

 

19. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

There have been no events since March 31, 2016 that require recognition or disclosure in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Table of Contents
ITEM 1A. UNAUDITED SUPPLEMENTAL PRESENTATION OF STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Unaudited Consolidating Statements of Financial Condition

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

     March 31, 2016  
     Consolidated
Operating
Partnerships
    Consolidated
Blackstone
Funds (a)
     Reclasses
and
Eliminations
    Consolidated  

Assets

         

Cash and Cash Equivalents

   $ 1,372,552      $ —         $ —        $ 1,372,552   

Cash Held by Blackstone Funds and Other

     239,340        309,251         —          548,591   

Investments

     10,185,613        4,871,032         (431,613     14,625,032   

Accounts Receivable

     500,641        160,212         —          660,853   

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

     45,301        —           —          45,301   

Due from Affiliates

     1,124,769        25,679         (10,922     1,139,526   

Intangible Assets, Net

     322,719        —           —          322,719   

Goodwill

     1,718,519        —           —          1,718,519   

Other Assets

     313,465        2,731         —          316,196   

Deferred Tax Assets

     1,301,615        —           —          1,301,615   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Assets

   $ 17,124,534      $ 5,368,905       $ (442,535   $ 22,050,904   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities and Partners’ Capital

         

Loans Payable

   $ 2,807,643      $ 3,550,139       $ —        $ 6,357,782   

Due to Affiliates

     1,179,633        53,361         (13,810     1,219,184   

Accrued Compensation and Benefits

     1,846,041        18         —          1,846,059   

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

     32,641        73,216         —          105,857   

Repurchase Agreements

     —          49,540         —          49,540   

Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

     392,176        169,226         —          561,402   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

     6,258,134        3,895,500         (13,810     10,139,824   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     —          177,054         —          177,054   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Partners’ Capital

         

Partners’ Capital

     6,136,557        428,967         (429,049     6,136,475   

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

     (46,388     —           324        (46,064

Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     1,612,974        867,384         —          2,480,358   

Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings

     3,163,257        —           —          3,163,257   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Partners’ Capital

     10,866,400        1,296,351         (428,725     11,734,026   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Liabilities and Partners’ Capital

   $ 17,124,534      $ 5,368,905       $ (442,535   $ 22,050,904   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Unaudited Consolidating Statements of Financial Condition

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

    December 31, 2015  
    Consolidated
Operating
Partnerships
    Consolidated
Blackstone
Funds (a)
    Reclasses
and
Eliminations
    Consolidated  

Assets

       

Cash and Cash Equivalents

  $ 1,837,324      $ —        $ —        $ 1,837,324   

Cash Held by Blackstone Funds and Other

    148,660        438,472        —          587,132   

Investments

    10,186,419        4,591,465        (453,787     14,324,097   

Accounts Receivable

    461,610        151,543        —          613,153   

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

    204,893        —          —          204,893   

Due from Affiliates

    1,224,692        25,722        (9,617     1,240,797   

Intangible Assets, Net

    345,547        —          —          345,547   

Goodwill

    1,718,519        —          —          1,718,519   

Other Assets

    374,270        2,919        —          377,189   

Deferred Tax Assets

    1,277,429        —          —          1,277,429   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Assets

  $ 17,779,363      $ 5,210,121      $ (463,404   $ 22,526,080   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities and Partners’ Capital

       

Loans Payable

  $ 2,797,060      $ 3,319,687      $ —        $ 6,116,747   

Due to Affiliates

    1,244,748        50,892        (12,940     1,282,700   

Accrued Compensation and Benefits

    2,029,900        18        —          2,029,918   

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

    99,392        77,275        —          176,667   

Repurchase Agreements

    970        39,959        —          40,929   

Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

    422,905        225,757        —          648,662   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

    6,594,975        3,713,588        (12,940     10,295,623   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

    —          183,459        —          183,459   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Partners’ Capital

       

Partners’ Capital

    6,323,025        450,417        (451,135     6,322,307   

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

    (53,190     —          671        (52,519

Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

    1,546,044        862,657        —          2,408,701   

Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings

    3,368,509        —          —          3,368,509   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Partners’ Capital

    11,184,388        1,313,074        (450,464     12,046,998   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Liabilities and Partners’ Capital

  $ 17,779,363      $ 5,210,121      $ (463,404   $ 22,526,080   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(a) The Consolidated Blackstone Funds consisted of the following:

Blackstone Real Estate Partners VI.C – ESH L.P.

Blackstone Real Estate Special Situations Fund L.P.

Blackstone Real Estate Special Situations Offshore Fund Ltd.

Blackstone Strategic Alliance Fund L.P.

Blackstone/GSO Loan Financing Limited

BSSF I AIV L.P.

BTD CP Holdings, LP

GSO Legacy Associates II LLC

GSO Legacy Associates LLC

Private equity side-by-side investment vehicles

Real estate side-by-side investment vehicles

Mezzanine side-by-side investment vehicles

Collateralized loan obligation vehicles

 

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with The Blackstone Group L.P.’s condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Our Business

Blackstone is one of the largest independent managers of private capital in the world. Our business is organized into four segments:

 

   

Private Equity. We are a world leader in private equity investing, having managed six general private equity funds, as well as three sector focused funds, since we established this business in 1987. We will also begin investing from our seventh general private equity fund in the second quarter of 2016. We refer to these managed corporate private equity funds collectively as our Blackstone Capital Partners (“BCP”) funds. Our Private Equity segment also includes Blackstone Tactical Opportunities (“Tactical Opportunities”), our opportunistic investment platform that invests globally across asset classes, industries and geographies, Strategic Partners Fund Solutions (“Strategic Partners”), a secondary private fund of funds business, Blackstone Total Alternatives Solution (“BTAS”), a multi-asset investment program for eligible high net worth investors offering exposure to certain of Blackstone’s key illiquid investment strategies through a single commitment, and our capital markets services business (“BXCM”). During the first quarter of 2016, we held the first closing for Blackstone Core Equity Partners (“BCEP”), which targets control-oriented investments in high-quality companies with durable businesses and seeks to offer a lower level of risk and a longer hold period than traditional private equity.

Our corporate private equity business pursues transactions throughout the world across a variety of transaction types, including large buyouts, mid-cap buyouts, buy and build platforms (which involve multiple acquisitions behind a single management team and platform) and growth equity/development projects (which involve significant minority investments in mature companies and greenfield development projects in energy and power). Tactical Opportunities seeks to capitalize on complex and dislocated market situations across asset classes, industries and geographies in a broad range of investments, including private and public securities, and instruments, where the underlying exposure may be to equity, debt, and/or real assets. Strategic Partners focuses on delivering access to a range of opportunities, leveraging its proprietary database to acquire single fund interests or complex portfolios in an efficient and timely manner.

 

   

Real Estate. Since our start in 1991, we have become a world leader in real estate investing. We have managed or continue to manage a number of global, European and Asian focused opportunistic real estate funds, several real estate debt investment vehicles, a NYSE publicly traded real estate investment trust (“BXMT”) and several core+ real estate funds. We refer to our opportunistic real estate funds as our Blackstone Real Estate Partners (“BREP”) funds, our real estate debt investment vehicles as our Blackstone Real Estate Debt Strategies (“BREDS”) funds and our core+ real estate funds as our Blackstone Property Partners (“BPP”) funds.

Our BREP funds are geographically diversified and target a broad range of “opportunistic” real estate and real estate related investments that are generally undermanaged assets with higher potential for equity appreciation. BREP has made significant investments in lodging, office buildings, shopping centers, residential and a variety of real estate operating companies.

Our BREDS vehicles target real estate debt-related investment opportunities in the public and private markets, primarily in the United States and Europe.

Our BPP funds are geographically diversified and target substantially stabilized assets generating relatively stable cash flow with a focus on office, multifamily, industrial and retail assets in gateway markets.

 

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Hedge Fund Solutions. Blackstone’s Hedge Fund Solutions segment is comprised principally of Blackstone Alternative Asset Management (“BAAM”). BAAM is the world’s largest discretionary allocator to hedge funds, managing a broad range of commingled and customized hedge fund of fund solutions since its inception in 1990. The Hedge Fund Solutions segment also includes investment platforms that seed new hedge fund talent, purchase ownership interests in more established hedge funds, invest in special situation opportunities, create alternative solutions in regulated structures and trade long and short public equities.

 

   

Credit. Our Credit segment consists principally of GSO Capital Partners LP (“GSO”), a global leader in managing credit-focused products within private and public debt market strategies. GSO’s products include senior credit-focused funds, mezzanine funds, distressed debt funds, general credit-focused funds, registered investment companies, separately managed accounts and collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) vehicles.

We generate revenue from fees earned pursuant to contractual arrangements with funds, fund investors and fund portfolio companies (including management, transaction and monitoring fees), and from capital markets services. We invest in the funds we manage and, in most cases, receive a preferred allocation of income (i.e., a Carried Interest) or an incentive fee from an investment fund in the event that specified cumulative investment returns are achieved (generally collectively referred to as “Performance Fees”). The composition of our revenues will vary based on market conditions and the cyclicality of the different businesses in which we operate. Net investment gains and investment income generated by the Blackstone Funds, principally private equity and real estate funds, are driven by value created by our operating and strategic initiatives as well as overall market conditions. Fair values are affected by changes in the fundamentals of the portfolio company, the portfolio company’s industry, the overall economy and other market conditions.

Business Environment

Blackstone’s businesses are materially affected by conditions in the financial markets and economic conditions in the U.S., Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent, elsewhere in the world.

The first quarter of 2016 was marked by high volatility across global equity and debt markets amid continued concerns over the pace of economic growth and the course and effect of monetary policy of the world’s central banks, with the CBOE volatility index averaging over 20 in a single quarter for the first time since the second quarter of 2012. The CBOE volatility index rose to a closing high of 28.14 as the market bottomed in mid-February, and declined as the market recovered to end the quarter at 13.95. Despite plunging over 11% in the first six weeks of the year and experiencing significant volatility during most of the quarter, the S&P 500 index ended the first quarter roughly flat. Global equity indices, however, mostly ended the quarter in negative territory, with the FTSE 100 down 1%, the Hang Seng down 5%, the Euro Stoxx down 8%, the Nikkei 225 down 12% and the MSCI World Index flat at 0%.

U.S. non-investment grade debt markets also saw significant volatility in the quarter, with high yield spreads gapping out at 900 basis points in early February, their highest level since 2009, before recovering with the equity market rally in March. The Credit Suisse High Yield Index was up 3.1% for the quarter. The first quarter also represented the fifth highest quarterly high yield default total on record, with approximately $31 billion in debt defaults. Energy and metals/mining credits represented 84% of these defaults, as the depressed commodity price environment continued to impact leveraged issuers.

The overall economic outlook for 2016 remains moderate, with current forecasts calling for global economic growth of 3.2% and U.S. economic growth of 2.4%. However, investor sentiment improved late in the first quarter of 2016 as fears of a U.S. recession and a significant slowdown in China appear to have abated in part. GDP in China expanded by 6.7% year-over-year in the first quarter of 2016, its slowest pace in the past seven years, but slightly above the 6.6% growth expected by economists. While momentum in China has continued to slow, positive surprises from trade, inflation, output and credit have buoyed the outlook for 2016. Additionally, increased European Central Bank stimulus and a more dovish Fed have helped to restore a degree of confidence. The equity

 

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market rebound at the end of the first quarter, coupled with increased employment opportunities, has improved consumer optimism, although consumer spending continues to languish due to ongoing economic concerns.

After reaching a 13-year low of $26.21 a barrel in February, the price of oil rallied sharply, with WTI Crude Oil reaching $40.20 a barrel on March 17, and ending the first quarter at $38.34 a barrel, following signs of willingness by major oil producing countries to cut production. Despite rebounding in the first quarter of 2016, oil prices remain well below the $80 — $100 a barrel range characterized by the past decade. Natural gas prices fell 35% from the beginning of the year, bottoming at $1.49 during the quarter, before rebounding to end the quarter at $1.94. Gasoline prices across the U.S. averaged $1.86 a gallon during the first quarter, the lowest three-month period for gasoline prices since the beginning of 2004.

Capital markets volumes were depressed in the first quarter, with only 11 U.S. initial public offerings (“IPOs”) and the slowest opening period for global debt capital markets activity since 2009. After a record 2015, global M&A activity dropped 11% in the first quarter of 2016 compared to the first quarter of 2015.

Although January and February of 2016 were characterized by continued volatility, risk aversion and limited liquidity, March showed a strong rebound in activity. Mutual fund net inflows turned positive, and a resurgence in high-yield debt issuances led to the most active month since November 2015.

Organizational Structure

The simplified diagram below depicts our current organizational structure. The diagram does not depict all of our subsidiaries, including intermediate holding companies through which certain of the subsidiaries depicted are held.

 

 

LOGO

Key Financial Measures and Indicators

We manage our business using traditional financial measures and key operating metrics since we believe these metrics measure the productivity of our investment activities. Our key financial measures and indicators are discussed below.

 

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Revenues

Revenues primarily consist of management and advisory fees, performance fees, investment income, interest and dividend revenue and other. Please refer to “Part I. Item 1. Business — Incentive Arrangements / Fee Structure” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and “Critical Accounting Policies — Revenue Recognition” for additional information regarding the manner in which Base Management Fees and Performance Fees are generated.

Management and Advisory Fees, Net — Management and Advisory Fees, Net are comprised of management fees, including base management fees, transaction and other fees and advisory fees net of management fee reductions and offsets.

The Partnership earns base management fees from limited partners of funds in each of its managed funds, at a fixed percentage of assets under management, net asset value, total assets, committed capital or invested capital, or in some cases, a fixed fee. Base management fees are recognized based on contractual terms specified in the underlying investment advisory agreements.

Transaction and other fees (including monitoring fees) are fees charged directly to managed funds and portfolio companies. The investment advisory agreements generally require that the investment adviser reduce the amount of management fees payable by the limited partners to the Partnership by an amount equal to a portion of the transaction and other fees directly paid to the Partnership by the portfolio companies. We refer to these amounts as management fee reductions. The amount of the reduction varies by fund, the type of fee paid by the portfolio company and the previously incurred expenses of the fund.

Management fee offsets are reductions to management fees payable by the limited partners of the Blackstone Funds, which are granted based on the amount such limited partners reimburse the Blackstone Funds for placement fees.

Advisory fees consist of advisory retainer and transaction-based fee arrangements related to capital markets services. Advisory retainer fees are recognized when services for the transactions are complete, in accordance with terms set forth in individual agreements. Transaction-based fees are recognized when (a) there is evidence of an arrangement with a client, (b) agreed upon services have been provided, (c) fees are fixed or determinable, and (d) collection is reasonably assured.

Accrued but unpaid Management and Advisory Fees, net of management fee reductions and management fee offsets, as of the reporting date are included in Accounts Receivable or Due from Affiliates in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Management fees paid by limited partners to the Blackstone Funds and passed on to Blackstone are not considered affiliate revenues.

Performance Fees — Performance Fees earned on the performance of Blackstone’s hedge fund structures (“Incentive Fees”) are recognized based on fund performance during the period, subject to the achievement of minimum return levels, or high water marks, in accordance with the respective terms set out in each hedge fund’s governing agreements. Accrued but unpaid Incentive Fees charged directly to investors in Blackstone’s offshore hedge funds as of the reporting date are recorded within Due from Affiliates in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Accrued but unpaid Incentive Fees on onshore funds as of the reporting date are reflected in Investments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Incentive Fees are realized at the end of a measurement period, typically annually. Once realized, such fees are not subject to clawback or reversal.

In certain fund structures, specifically in private equity, real estate and certain hedge fund solutions and credit-focused funds (“Carry Funds”), performance fees (Carried Interest) are allocated to the general partner based on cumulative fund performance to date, subject to a preferred return to limited partners. At the end of each reporting period, the Partnership calculates the Carried Interest that would be due to the Partnership for each fund, pursuant to the fund agreements, as if the fair value of the underlying investments were realized as of such date, irrespective of

 

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whether such amounts have been realized. As the fair value of underlying investments varies between reporting periods, it is necessary to make adjustments to amounts recorded as Carried Interest to reflect either (a) positive performance resulting in an increase in the Carried Interest allocated to the general partner or (b) negative performance that would cause the amount due to the Partnership to be less than the amount previously recognized as revenue, resulting in a negative adjustment to Carried Interest allocated to the general partner. In each scenario, it is necessary to calculate the Carried Interest on cumulative results compared to the Carried Interest recorded to date and make the required positive or negative adjustments. The Partnership ceases to record negative Carried Interest allocations once previously recognized Carried Interest allocations for such fund have been fully reversed. The Partnership is not obligated to pay guaranteed returns or hurdles, and therefore, cannot have negative Carried Interest over the life of a fund. Accrued but unpaid Carried Interest as of the reporting date is reflected in Investments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Carried Interest is realized when an underlying investment is profitably disposed of and the fund’s cumulative returns are in excess of the preferred return or, in limited instances, after certain thresholds for return of capital are met. Carried Interest is subject to clawback to the extent that the Carried Interest received to date exceeds the amount due to Blackstone based on cumulative results. As such, the accrual for potential repayment of previously received Carried Interest, which is a component of Due to Affiliates, represents all amounts previously distributed to Blackstone Holdings and non-controlling interest holders that would need to be repaid to the Blackstone Funds if the Blackstone Carry Funds were to be liquidated based on the current fair value of the underlying funds’ investments as of the reporting date. The actual clawback liability, however, generally does not become realized until the end of a fund’s life except for certain funds, including certain Blackstone real estate funds, multi-asset class investment funds and credit-focused funds, which may have an interim clawback liability.

Investment Income (Loss) — Investment Income (Loss) represents the unrealized and realized gains and losses on the Partnership’s principal investments, including its investments in Blackstone Funds that are not consolidated, its equity method investments, and other principal investments. Investment Income (Loss) is realized when the Partnership redeems all or a portion of its investment or when the Partnership receives cash income, such as dividends or distributions. Unrealized Investment Income (Loss) results from changes in the fair value of the underlying investment as well as the reversal of unrealized gain (loss) at the time an investment is realized.

Interest and Dividend Revenue — Interest and Dividend Revenue comprises primarily interest and dividend income earned on principal investments held by Blackstone.

Other Revenue — Other Revenue consists of miscellaneous income and foreign exchange gains and losses arising on transactions denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars.

Expenses

Compensation and Benefits — Compensation — Compensation and Benefits consists of (a) employee compensation, comprising salary and bonus, and benefits paid and payable to employees and senior managing directors and (b) equity-based compensation associated with the grants of equity-based awards to employees and senior managing directors. Compensation cost relating to the issuance of equity-based awards to senior managing directors and employees is measured at fair value at the grant date, taking into consideration expected forfeitures, and expensed over the vesting period on a straight-line basis, except in the case of (a) equity-based awards that do not require future service, which are expensed immediately and (b) certain awards to recipients that meet specified criteria making them eligible for retirement treatment (allowing such recipient to keep a percentage of those awards upon departure from Blackstone after becoming eligible for retirement), for which the expense for the portion of the award that would be retained in the event of retirement is either expensed immediately or amortized to the retirement date. Cash settled equity-based awards are classified as liabilities and are remeasured at the end of each reporting period.

Compensation and Benefits — Performance Fee — Performance Fee Compensation consists of Carried Interest (which may be distributed in cash or in-kind) and Incentive Fee allocations, and may in future periods also include

 

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allocations of investment income from Blackstone’s firm investments, to employees and senior managing directors participating in certain profit sharing initiatives. Such compensation expense is subject to both positive and negative adjustments. Unlike Carried Interest and Incentive Fees, compensation expense is based on the performance of individual investments held by a fund rather than on a fund by fund basis. Compensation received from advisory clients in the form of securities of such clients may also be allocated to employees and senior managing directors.

Other Operating Expenses — Other Operating Expenses represents general and administrative expenses including interest expense, occupancy and equipment expenses and other expenses, which consist principally of professional fees, public company costs, travel and related expenses, communications and information services and depreciation and amortization.

Fund Expenses — The expenses of our consolidated Blackstone Funds consist primarily of interest expense, professional fees and other third party expenses.

Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities represent the component of Partners’ Capital in consolidated Blackstone Funds held by third party investors and employees. The percentage interests held by third parties and employees is adjusted for general partner allocations and by subscriptions and redemptions in funds of hedge funds and certain credit-focused funds which occur during the reporting period. In addition, all non-controlling interests in consolidated Blackstone Funds are attributed a share of income (loss) arising from the respective funds and a share of other comprehensive income, if applicable. Income (Loss) is allocated to non-controlling interests in consolidated entities based on the relative ownership interests of third party investors and employees after considering any contractual arrangements that govern the allocation of income (loss) such as fees allocable to The Blackstone Group L.P.

Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

Non-controlling interests related to funds of hedge funds are subject to annual, semi-annual or quarterly redemption by investors in these funds following the expiration of a specified period of time, or may be withdrawn subject to a redemption fee during the period when capital may not be withdrawn. As limited partners in these types of funds have been granted redemption rights, amounts relating to third party interests in such consolidated funds are presented as Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. When redeemable amounts become legally payable to investors, they are classified as a liability and included in Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. For all consolidated funds in which redemption rights have not been granted, non-controlling interests are presented within Partners’ Capital in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities.

Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings

Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings represent the component of Partners’ Capital in the consolidated Blackstone Holdings Partnerships held by Blackstone personnel and others who are limited partners of the Blackstone Holdings Partnerships.

Certain costs and expenses are borne directly by the Holdings Partnerships. Income (Loss), excluding those costs directly borne by and attributable to the Holdings Partnerships, is attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings. This residual attribution is based on the year to date average percentage of Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units held by Blackstone personnel and others who are limited partners of the Blackstone Holdings Partnerships.

 

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Income Taxes

The Blackstone Holdings Partnerships and certain of their subsidiaries operate in the U.S. as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and generally as corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. Accordingly, these entities in some cases are subject to New York City unincorporated business taxes or non-U.S. income taxes. In addition, certain of the wholly owned subsidiaries of the Partnership and the Blackstone Holdings Partnerships will be subject to federal, state and local corporate income taxes at the entity level and the related tax provision attributable to the Partnership’s share of this income tax is reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method of accounting. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis, using tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period when the change is enacted. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Current and deferred tax liabilities are recorded within Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Blackstone uses the flow-through method to account for investment tax credits. Under this method, the investment tax credits are recognized as a reduction to income tax expense.

Blackstone analyzes its tax filing positions in all of the U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax jurisdictions where it is required to file income tax returns, as well as for all open tax years in these jurisdictions. Blackstone records uncertain tax positions on the basis of a two-step process: (a) a determination is made whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained based on the technical merits of the position and (b) those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not threshold are recognized as the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority. Blackstone recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in General, Administrative, and Other expenses within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

There remains some uncertainty regarding Blackstone’s future taxation levels. Over the past several years, a number of legislative and administrative proposals to change the taxation of Carried Interest have been introduced and, in certain cases, have been passed by the U.S. House of Representatives that would have, in general, treated income and gains, including gain on sale, attributable to an investment services partnership interest, or “ISPI”, as income subject to a new blended tax rate that is higher than the capital gains rate applicable to such income under current law, except to the extent such ISPI would have been considered under the legislation to be a qualified capital interest. Our common units and the interests that we hold in entities that are entitled to receive Carried Interest would likely have been classified as ISPIs for purposes of this legislation. It is unclear whether or when the U.S. Congress will pass such legislation or what provisions will be included in any final legislation if enacted.

Some legislative proposals have provided that, for taxable years beginning ten years after the date of enactment, income derived with respect to an ISPI that is not a qualified capital interest and that is subject to the foregoing rules would not meet the qualifying income requirements under the publicly traded partnership rules. Therefore, if similar legislation were to be enacted, following such ten-year period, we would be precluded from qualifying as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes or be required to hold all such ISPIs through corporations.

The Obama administration has made similar proposals that would tax income and gain, including gain on sale, attributable to an ISPI at ordinary rates, with an exception for certain qualified capital interests. The proposals would also characterize certain income and gain in respect of ISPIs as non-qualifying income under the tax rules applicable to publicly traded partnerships after a ten year transition period from the effective date, with an exception

 

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for certain qualified capital interests. The Obama administration proposed similar changes in its published revenue proposals for 2015 and prior years.

States and other jurisdictions have also considered legislation to increase taxes with respect to Carried Interest. For example, New York has considered legislation, which could have caused a non-resident of New York who holds our common units to be subject to New York state income tax on Carried Interest earned by entities in which we hold an indirect interest, thereby requiring the non-resident to file a New York state income tax return reporting such Carried Interest income. It is unclear whether or when similar legislation will be enacted. Finally, several state and local jurisdictions have evaluated ways to subject partnerships to entity level taxation through the imposition of state or local income, franchise or other forms of taxation or to increase the amount of such taxation.

If we were taxed as a corporation or were forced to hold interests in entities earning income from Carried Interest through taxable subsidiary corporations, our effective tax rate could increase significantly. The federal statutory rate for corporations is currently 35%, and the state and local tax rates, net of the federal benefit, aggregate approximately 5%. If a variation of the above described legislation or any other change in the tax laws, rules, regulations or interpretations preclude us from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules or force us to hold interests in entities earning income from Carried Interest through taxable subsidiary corporations, this could materially increase our tax liability, and could well result in a reduction in the market price of our common units.

It is not possible at this time to meaningfully quantify the potential impact on Blackstone of this potential future legislation or any similar legislation. Multiple versions of legislation in this area have been proposed over the last few years that have included significantly different provisions regarding effective dates and the treatment of invested capital, tiered entities and cross-border operations, among other matters. Depending upon what version of the legislation, if any, were enacted, the potential impact on a public company such as Blackstone in a given year could differ dramatically and could be material. In addition, these legislative proposals would not themselves impose a tax on a publicly traded partnership such as Blackstone. Rather, they could force Blackstone and other publicly traded partnerships to restructure their operations so as to prevent disqualifying income from reaching the publicly traded partnership in amounts that would disqualify the partnership from treatment as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Such a restructuring could result in more income being earned in corporate subsidiaries, thereby increasing corporate income tax liability indirectly borne by the publicly traded partnership. In addition, we, and our common unitholders, could be taxed on any such restructuring. The nature of any such restructuring would depend on the precise provisions of the legislation that was ultimately enacted, as well as the particular facts and circumstances of Blackstone’s operations at the time any such legislation were to take effect, making the task of predicting the amount of additional tax highly speculative.

Congress, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (“OECD”) and other government agencies in jurisdictions in which we and our affiliates invest or do business have maintained a focus on issues related to the taxation of multinational companies. The OECD, which represents a coalition of member countries, is contemplating changes to numerous long-standing tax principles through its base erosion and profit shifting project, which is focused on a number of issues, including the shifting of profits between affiliated entities in different tax jurisdictions. Additionally, the Obama administration has announced other proposals for potential reform to the U.S. federal income tax rules for businesses, including reducing the deductibility of interest for corporations, anti-inversion rules, reducing the top marginal rate on corporations and subjecting entities currently treated as partnerships for tax purposes to an entity-level income tax similar to the corporate income tax. Several of these proposals for reform, if enacted by the United States or by other countries in which we or our affiliates invest or do business, could adversely affect us. It is unclear what any actual legislation would provide, when it would be proposed or what its prospects for enactment would be. In addition, the Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service recently proposed regulations to restrict interest deductions for certain related-party debt that could, if finalized, adversely affect us or our investments. It is unclear whether or in what form such regulations would be finalized.

 

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Other proposals by members of Congress have contemplated the migration of the United States from a “worldwide” system of taxation, pursuant to which U.S. corporations are taxed on their worldwide income, to a territorial system where U.S. corporations are taxed only on their U.S. source income (subject to certain exceptions for income derived in low-tax jurisdictions from the exploitation of tangible assets) at a top corporate tax rate that would be 25%. Such proposals include revenue raisers to offset the reduction in the tax rate and base which may or may not be detrimental to us. A variation of this proposal completes a similar territorial U.S. tax system, but with more expansive U.S. taxation of the foreign profits of non-U.S. subsidiaries of U.S. corporations. Such proposal would also eliminate the withholding tax exemption on portfolio interest debt obligations for investors residing in non-treaty jurisdictions. Speaker of the House Paul Ryan has also identified comprehensive tax reform as a priority for the next Congress. Furthermore, recent legislation has proposed audit procedure adjustments that could affect large partnerships like us. Whether these proposals will be enacted by the government and in what form is unknown, as are the ultimate consequences of the proposed legislation.

In addition, legislation was recently enacted that significantly changes the rules for U.S. federal income tax audits of partnerships. Such audits will continue to be conducted at the partnership level, but with respect to tax returns for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, and unless a partnership qualifies for and affirmatively elects an alternative procedure, any adjustments to the amount of tax due (including interest and penalties) will be payable by the partnership. Under the elective alternative procedure, a partnership would issue information returns to persons who were partners in the audited year, who would then be required to take the adjustments into account in calculating their own tax liability, and the partnership would not be liable for the adjustments. If a partnership elects the alternative procedure for a given adjustment, the amount of taxes for which its partners would be liable would be increased by any applicable penalties and a special interest charge. There can be no assurance that we will be eligible to make such an election or that we will, in fact, make such an election for any given adjustment. If we do not or are not able to make such an election, then (a) our then-current common unitholders, in the aggregate, could indirectly bear income tax liabilities in excess of the aggregate amount of taxes that would have been due had we elected the alternative procedure, and (b) a given common unitholder may indirectly bear taxes attributable to income allocable to other common unitholders or former common unitholders, including taxes (as well as interest and penalties) with respect to periods prior to such holder’s ownership of common units. Amounts available for distribution to our common unitholders may be reduced as a result of our obligation to pay any taxes associated with an adjustment. Many issues with respect to, and the overall effect of, this new legislation on us are uncertain, and common unitholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding all aspects of this legislation as it affects their particular circumstances.

Economic Income

Blackstone uses Economic Income (“EI”) as a key measure of value creation, a benchmark of its performance and in making resource deployment and compensation decisions across its four segments. EI represents segment net income before taxes excluding transaction-related charges. Transaction-related charges arise from Blackstone’s IPO and long-term retention programs outside of annual deferred compensation and other corporate actions, including acquisitions. Transaction-related charges include equity-based compensation charges, the amortization of intangible assets and contingent consideration associated with acquisitions. EI presents revenues and expenses on a basis that deconsolidates the investment funds Blackstone manages. Economic Net Income (“ENI”) represents EI adjusted to include current period taxes. Taxes represent the current tax provision (benefit) calculated on Income (Loss) Before Provision for Taxes. EI, our principal segment measure, is derived from and reconciled to, but not equivalent to, its most directly comparable GAAP measure of Income (Loss) Before Provision for Taxes. (See Note 18. “Segment Reporting” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements.)

Fee Related Earnings

Blackstone uses Fee Related Earnings (“FRE”), which is derived from EI, as a measure to highlight earnings from operations excluding: (a) the income related to performance fees and related carry plan costs and (b) income earned from Blackstone’s investments in the Blackstone Funds. Management uses FRE as a measure to assess whether recurring revenue from our businesses is sufficient to adequately cover all of our operating expenses and generate profits. FRE equals contractual fee revenues, less (a) compensation expenses (which includes amortization

 

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of non-IPO and non-acquisition-related equity-based awards, but excludes amortization of IPO and acquisition-related equity-based awards, Carried Interest and incentive fee compensation) and (b) non-interest operating expenses. See “— Liquidity and Capital Resources — Sources of Liquidity” below for our discussion of FRE.

Distributable Earnings

Distributable Earnings, which is derived from our segment reported results, is a supplemental measure to assess performance and amounts available for distributions to Blackstone unitholders, including Blackstone personnel and others who are limited partners of the Blackstone Holdings Partnerships. Distributable Earnings, which is a measure not prepared under GAAP (a “non-GAAP” measure), is intended to show the amount of net realized earnings without the effects of the consolidation of the Blackstone Funds. Distributable Earnings is derived from and reconciled to, but not equivalent to, its most directly comparable GAAP measure of Income (Loss) Before Provision for Taxes. See “— Liquidity and Capital Resources — Sources of Liquidity” below for our discussion of Distributable Earnings.

Distributable Earnings, which is a component of Economic Net Income, is the sum across all segments of: (a) Total Management and Advisory Fees, (b) Interest and Dividend Revenue, (c) Other Revenue, (d) Realized Performance Fees, and (e) Realized Investment Income (Loss); less (a) Compensation, excluding the expense of equity-based awards, (b) Realized Performance Fee Compensation, (c) Other Operating Expenses, and (d) Taxes and Payables Under the Tax Receivable Agreement.

Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes and Depreciation and Amortization

Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes and Depreciation and Amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”), is a supplemental non-GAAP measure derived from our segment reported results and may be used to assess our ability to service our borrowings. Adjusted EBITDA represents Distributable Earnings plus the addition of (a) Interest Expense, (b) Taxes and Related Payables Including Payable Under Tax Receivable Agreement, and (c) Depreciation and Amortization. See “— Liquidity and Capital Resources — Sources of Liquidity” below for our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA.

 

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Summary Walkdown of GAAP to Non-GAAP Financial Metrics

The relationship of our GAAP to non-GAAP financial measures is presented in the summary walkdown below. The summary walkdown shows how each non-GAAP financial measure is related to the other non-GAAP financial measures. This presentation is not meant to be a detailed calculation of each measure, but to show the relationship between the measures. For the calculation of each of these non-GAAP financial measures and a full reconciliation of Income Before Provision for Taxes to Distributable Earnings, please see “— Liquidity and Capital Resources — Sources of Liquidity.”

 

 

LOGO

Operating Metrics

The alternative asset management business is a complex business that is primarily based on managing third party capital and does not require substantial capital investment to support rapid growth. However, there also can be volatility associated with its earnings and cash flows. Since our inception, we have developed and used various key

 

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operating metrics to assess and monitor the operating performance of our various alternative asset management businesses in order to monitor the effectiveness of our value creating strategies.

Assets Under Management. Assets Under Management refers to the assets we manage. Our Assets Under Management equals the sum of:

 

  (a) the fair value of the investments held by our carry funds and our side-by-side and co-investment entities managed by us, plus the capital that we are entitled to call from investors in those funds and entities pursuant to the terms of their respective capital commitments, including capital commitments to funds that have yet to commence their investment periods,

 

  (b) the net asset value of our funds of hedge funds, hedge funds and certain registered investment companies,

 

  (c) the invested capital or fair value of assets we manage pursuant to separately managed accounts,

 

  (d) the amount of debt and equity outstanding for our CLOs and CDOs during the reinvestment period,

 

  (e) the aggregate par amount of collateral assets, including principal cash, for our CLOs and CDOs after the reinvestment period,

 

  (f) the gross amount of assets (including leverage) for certain of our credit-focused registered investment companies, and

 

  (g) the fair value of common stock, preferred stock, convertible debt, or similar instruments issued by our public REIT.

Our carry funds are commitment-based drawdown structured funds that do not permit investors to redeem their interests at their election. Our funds of hedge funds and hedge funds generally have structures that afford an investor the right to withdraw or redeem their interests on a periodic basis (for example, annually or quarterly), with the majority of our funds requiring from 60 days to 95 days’ notice, depending on the fund and the liquidity profile of the underlying assets. Investment advisory agreements related to separately managed accounts may generally be terminated by an investor on 30 to 90 days’ notice.

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management. Fee-Earning Assets Under Management refers to the assets we manage on which we derive management and/or performance fees. Our Fee-Earning Assets Under Management equals the sum of:

 

  (a) for our Private Equity segment funds and Real Estate segment carry funds including certain real estate debt investment funds and certain of our Hedge Fund Solutions funds, the amount of capital commitments, remaining invested capital, fair value or par value of assets held, depending on the fee terms of the fund,

 

  (b) for our credit-focused carry funds, the amount of remaining invested capital (which may include leverage) or net asset value, depending on the fee terms of the fund,

 

  (c) the remaining invested capital of co-investments managed by us on which we receive fees,

 

  (d) the net asset value of our funds of hedge funds, hedge funds and certain registered investment companies,

 

  (e) the invested capital, fair value of assets or the net asset value we manage pursuant to separately managed accounts,

 

  (f) the net proceeds received from equity offerings and accumulated core earnings of our REITs, subject to certain adjustments,

 

  (g) the aggregate par amount of collateral assets, including principal cash, of our CLOs, CDOs and certain credit-focused separately managed accounts, and

 

  (h) the gross amount of assets (including leverage) or the net assets (plus leverage where applicable) for certain of our credit-focused registered investment companies.

 

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Our calculations of assets under management and fee-earning assets under management may differ from the calculations of other asset managers, and as a result this measure may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other asset managers. In addition, our calculation of assets under management includes commitments to, and the fair value of, invested capital in our funds from Blackstone and our personnel, regardless of whether such commitments or invested capital are subject to fees. Our definitions of assets under management or fee-earning assets under management are not based on any definition of assets under management or fee-earning assets under management that is set forth in the agreements governing the investment funds that we manage.

For our carry funds, total assets under management includes the fair value of the investments held, whereas fee-earning assets under management includes the amount of capital commitments, the remaining amount of invested capital at cost depending on whether the investment period has or has not expired or the fee terms of the fund. As such, fee-earning assets under management may be greater than total assets under management when the aggregate fair value of the remaining investments is less than the cost of those investments.

Limited Partner Capital Invested. Limited Partner Capital Invested represents the amount of Limited Partner capital commitments which were invested by our carry and drawdown funds during each period presented, plus the capital invested through co-investments arranged by us that were made by limited partners in investments of our carry funds on which we receive fees or a Carried Interest allocation or Incentive Fee.

The amount of committed undrawn capital available for investment, including general partner and employee commitments, is known as dry powder and is an indicator of the capital we have available for future investments.

 

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Consolidated Results of Operations

Following is a discussion of our consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015. For a more detailed discussion of the factors that affected the results of our four business segments (which are presented on a basis that deconsolidates the investment funds we manage) in these periods, see “— Segment Analysis” below.

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    2016 vs. 2015  
     2016     2015     $     %  

Revenues

        

Management and Advisory Fees, Net

   $ 608,906      $ 616,768      $ (7,862     -1
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

        

Realized

        

Carried Interest

     230,909        1,207,594        (976,685     -81

Incentive Fees

     28,419        29,638        (1,219     -4

Unrealized

        

Carried Interest

     47,586        373,840        (326,254     -87

Incentive Fees

     7,579        62,036        (54,457     -88
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

     314,493        1,673,108        (1,358,615     -81
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income (Loss)

        

Realized

     (12,001     187,930        (199,931     N/M   

Unrealized

     3,493        18,273        (14,780     -81
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income (Loss)

     (8,508     206,203        (214,711     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest and Dividend Revenue

     23,075        21,920        1,155        5

Other

     (5,612     (5,641     29        -1
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

     932,354        2,512,358        (1,580,004     -63
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

        

Compensation and Benefits

        

Compensation

     346,003        559,559        (213,556     -38

Performance Fee Compensation

        

Realized

        

Carried Interest

     58,504        292,248        (233,744     -80

Incentive Fees

     14,124        12,227        1,897        16

Unrealized

        

Carried Interest

     30,001        74,380        (44,379     -60

Incentive Fees

     3,448        24,961        (21,513     -86
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

     452,080        963,375        (511,295     -53

General, Administrative and Other

     123,045        130,973        (7,928     -6

Interest Expense

     37,356        31,370        5,986        19

Fund Expenses

     5,229        16,850        (11,621     -69
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

     617,710        1,142,568        (524,858     -46
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other Income

        

Net Gains from Fund Investment Activities

     19,142        93,555        (74,413     -80
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income Before Provision for Taxes

     333,786        1,463,345        (1,129,559     -77

Provision for Taxes

     18,866        99,344        (80,478     -81
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Income

     314,920        1,364,001        (1,049,081     -77

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     (6,401     7,527        (13,928     N/M   

Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     40,086        81,796        (41,710     -51

Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings

     131,202        645,230        (514,028     -80
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Income Attributable to The Blackstone Group L.P.

   $ 150,033      $ 629,448      $ (479,415     -76
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

N/M    Not meaningful.

 

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Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2015

Revenues

Total Revenues were $932.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $1.6 billion compared to Total Revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2015 of $2.5 billion. The decrease in revenues was primarily attributable to a decrease in Performance Fees of $1.4 billion.

The decrease in Performance Fees was primarily attributable to decreases in our Private Equity and Real Estate segments of $845.6 million and $434.1 million, respectively. Performance Fees in Private Equity decreased due to a reduction in the appreciation of our investment holdings, mainly in our BCP V fund which had a net return of 4.3% in the first quarter of 2016 against a 7.3% net return in the comparable quarter in 2015. The decrease in Real Estate was due to a reduction in the appreciation of investment holdings within our BREP opportunistic funds which appreciated 1.8% versus 8.2% in the comparable 2015 quarter.

Expenses

Expenses were $617.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $524.9 million compared to $1.1 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The decrease in expenses was primarily attributable to a decrease in Total Compensation and Benefits of $511.3 million. The decrease in Total Compensation and Benefits was primarily attributable to a decrease in Performance Fee Revenue, on which a portion of compensation is based, as well as lower equity-based compensation expense related to awards granted in connection with Blackstone’s IPO which were fully vested and expensed as of June 30, 2015 and an overall decrease in headcount driven by the October 1, 2015 spin-off of Blackstone’s Financial Advisory business.

Other Income

Other Income — Net Gains from Fund Investment Activities is attributable to the consolidated Blackstone Funds which are largely held by third party investors. As such, most of this Other Income is eliminated from the results attributable to The Blackstone Group L.P. through the redeemable non-controlling interests and non-controlling interests items in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Other Income — Net Gains from Fund Investment Activities was $19.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $74.4 million compared to $93.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The change was principally due to decreases in our Real Estate, Hedge Fund Solutions, and Private Equity segments of $52.1 million, $12.9 million, and $10.2 million, respectively. The decrease in our Real Estate segment was primarily the result a year over year net decrease in the appreciation of investments across our funds. The decrease in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment was primarily the result of a decrease in investment performance. The decrease in our Private Equity segment was primarily due to the lower unrealized gains compared to the same period in 2015.

Provision for Taxes

Blackstone’s Provision for Taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 was $18.9 million and $99.3 million, respectively. This resulted in an effective tax rate of 5.7% and 6.8%, respectively, based on our Income Before Provision for Taxes of $333.8 million and $1.5 billion, respectively.

The decrease in the effective tax rate resulted mainly from an increase in the tax deductible compensatory distribution for the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2015.

Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

The Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities and Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities is attributable to the consolidated

 

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Blackstone Funds. The amounts of these items vary directly with the performance of the consolidated Blackstone Funds and largely eliminate the amount of Other Income — Net Gains from Fund Investment Activities from the Net Income Attributable to The Blackstone Group L.P.

Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings is derived from the Income Before Provision for Taxes, excluding the Net Gains from Fund Investment Activities and the Reversal of Tax Receivable Agreement Liability, and the percentage allocation of the income between Blackstone Holdings and The Blackstone Group L.P. after considering any contractual arrangements that govern the allocation of income (loss) such as fees allocable to The Blackstone Group L.P.

For the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, the net income before taxes allocated to Blackstone Holdings was 46.4% and 47.1%, respectively. The decrease of 0.7% was primarily due to conversions of Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units to Blackstone common units and the vesting of common units.

Operating Metrics

The following graph summarizes the Fee-Earning Assets Under Management by Segment and Total Assets Under Management by Segment, followed by a rollforward of activity for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015. For a description of how Assets Under Management and Fee-Earning Assets Under Management are determined, please see “— Key Financial Measures and Indicators — Operating Metrics — Assets Under Management and Fee-Earning Assets Under Management”:

 

 

LOGO

 

Note: Totals in graph may not add due to rounding.

 

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    Three Months Ended  
    March 31, 2016     March 31, 2015  
    Private
Equity
    Real Estate     Hedge Fund
Solutions
    Credit     Total     Private
Equity
    Real Estate     Hedge Fund
Solutions
    Credit     Total  
    (Dollars in Thousands)  

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management

                   

Balance, Beginning of Period

  $ 51,451,196      $ 67,345,357      $ 65,665,439      $ 61,684,380      $ 246,146,372      $ 43,890,167      $ 52,563,068      $ 61,417,558      $ 58,821,006      $ 216,691,799   

Inflows, including Commitments (a)

    558,343        1,591,900        2,851,509        2,331,315        7,333,067        7,646,742        1,444,415        3,070,649        3,974,083        16,135,889   

Outflows, including Distributions (b)

    (370,510     (36,900     (1,602,796     (1,107,045     (3,117,251     (985,379     (32,658     (1,266,495     (1,783,191     (4,067,723

Realizations (c)

    (1,287,860     (2,119,708     (145,912     (723,449     (4,276,929     (1,246,718     (2,494,304     (21,342     (1,014,451     (4,776,815
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Inflows (Outflows)

    (1,100,027     (564,708     1,102,801        500,821        (61,113     5,414,645        (1,082,547     1,782,812        1,176,441        7,291,351   

Market Appreciation (Depreciation) (d)(f)

    (122,857     517,790        (1,936,987     (90,441     (1,632,495     37,399        (697,274     914,128        (725,703     (471,450
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period (e)

  $ 50,228,312      $ 67,298,439      $ 64,831,253      $ 62,094,760      $ 244,452,764      $ 49,342,211      $ 50,783,247      $ 64,114,498      $ 59,271,744      $ 223,511,700   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Increase (Decrease)

  $ (1,222,884   $ (46,918   $ (834,186   $ 410,380      $ (1,693,608   $ 5,452,044      $ (1,779,821   $ 2,696,940      $ 450,738      $ 6,819,901   

Increase (Decrease)

    -2     -0     -1     1     -1     12     -3     4     1     3

 

    Three Months Ended  
    March 31, 2016     March 31, 2015  
    Private
Equity
    Real Estate     Hedge Fund
Solutions
    Credit     Total     Private
Equity
    Real Estate     Hedge Fund
Solutions
    Credit     Total  
    (Dollars in Thousands)  

Total Assets Under Management

                   

Balance, Beginning of Period

  $ 94,280,074      $ 93,917,824      $ 69,105,425      $ 79,081,252      $ 336,384,575      $ 73,073,252      $ 80,863,187      $ 63,585,671      $ 72,858,960      $ 290,381,070   

Inflows, including Commitments (a)

    2,988,650        9,057,220        3,180,618        1,863,603        17,090,091        2,870,494        18,361,132        3,083,236        6,174,610        30,489,472   

Outflows, including Distributions (b)

    (260,841     (267,679     (1,631,519     (1,385,139     (3,545,178     (25,357     (168,303     (1,274,747     (2,084,951     (3,553,358

Realizations (c)

    (2,119,372     (3,450,706     (150,768     (884,896     (6,605,742     (3,313,818     (9,154,899     (25,808     (1,244,833     (13,739,358
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Inflows (Outflows)

    608,437        5,338,835        1,398,331        (406,432     6,939,171        (468,681     9,037,930        1,782,681        2,844,826        13,196,756   

Market Appreciation (Depreciation) (d)(g)

    577,716        1,850,869        (2,028,340     (18,529     381,716        3,722,618        2,884,541        1,010,556        (744,252     6,873,463   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period (e)

  $ 95,466,227      $ 101,107,528      $ 68,475,416      $ 78,656,291      $ 343,705,462      $ 76,327,189      $ 92,785,658      $ 66,378,908      $ 74,959,534      $ 310,451,289   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Increase (Decrease)

  $ 1,186,153      $ 7,189,704      $ (630,009   $ (424,961   $ 7,320,887      $ 3,253,937      $ 11,922,471      $ 2,793,237      $ 2,100,574      $ 20,070,219   

Increase (Decrease)

    1     8     -1     -1     2     4     15     4     3     7

 

(a) Inflows represent contributions in our hedge funds and closed-end mutual funds, increases in available capital for our carry funds (capital raises, recallable capital and increased side-by-side commitments) and CLOs and increases in the capital we manage pursuant to separately managed account programs.
(b) Outflows represent redemptions in our hedge funds and closed-end mutual funds, client withdrawals from our separately managed account programs and decreases in available capital for our carry funds (expired capital, expense drawdowns and decreased side-by-side commitments).
(c) Realizations represent realizations from the disposition of assets, capital returned to investors from CLOs and the effect of changes in the definition of Total Assets Under Management.
(d) Market appreciation (depreciation) includes realized and unrealized gains (losses) on portfolio investments and the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations.

 

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(e) Fee-Earning Assets Under Management and Total Assets Under Management as of March 31, 2016 included $96.4 million and $135.1 million, respectively, from a joint venture in which we are the minority interest holder.
(f) For the three months ended March 31, 2016, the impact to Fee-Earning Assets Under Management due to foreign exchange rate fluctuations was $1.8 million, $208.7 million, $375.0 million and $585.4 million for the Private Equity, Real Estate, Credit and Total segments, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2015, such impact was $(2.9) million, $(772.8) million, $(1.1) billion and $(1.9) billion for the Private Equity, Real Estate, Credit and Total segments, respectively.
(g) For the three months ended March 31, 2016, the impact to Total Assets Under Management due to foreign exchange rate fluctuations was $155.7 million, $529.5 million, $558.2 million and $1.2 billion for the Private Equity, Real Estate, Credit and Total segments, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2015, such impact was $(268.6) million, $(1.8) billion, $(1.3) billion and $(3.3) billion for the Private Equity, Real Estate, Credit and Total segments, respectively.

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management were $244.5 billion at March 31, 2016, a decrease of $1.7 billion, compared to $246.1 billion at December 31, 2015. The net decrease was due to:

 

   

Realizations of $4.3 billion driven by:

 

   

$2.1 billion in our Real Estate segment that were primarily due to realizations of $1.4 billion across the BREP platform, including co-investment, and $658.5 million in BREDS,

 

   

$1.3 billion in our Private Equity segment primarily due to BCP V ($982.3 million) and Strategic Partners ($214.1 million), and

 

   

$723.4 million in our Credit segment primarily due to $285.3 million of capital returned to CLO investors from CLOs that are post their re-investment periods, $225.8 million in dividends paid to investors in our Business Development Companies (“BDCs”) and $131.4 million returned in Carry Funds.

 

   

Outflows of $3.1 billion primarily attributable to:

 

   

$1.6 billion in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment primarily due to the liquidity needs of limited partners and strategic shifts in their programs, and

 

   

$1.1 billion in our Credit segment primarily driven by investor liquidity needs, shift in investor sentiment on credit and de-leveraging of the BDC funds. The primary outflows were from our BDCs ($477.3 million), long only separately managed accounts ($458.5 million) and hedge fund strategies ($137.4 million).

 

   

Market depreciation of $1.6 billion principally due to:

 

   

$1.9 billion depreciation in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment due to BAAM’s Principal Solutions Composite down 2.9% gross (down 3.1% net), and

 

   

Offset by $517.8 million of market appreciation in our Real Estate segment from appreciation of 4.4% within our core+ funds and the impact of foreign exchange translation on our Euro-based opportunistic funds.

Offsetting these decreases were:

 

   

Inflows of $7.3 billion related to:

 

   

$2.9 billion in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment mainly related to growth in its customized, commingled and individual investor solutions products,

 

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$2.3 billion in our Credit segment principally due to carry funds ($519.9 million), BDCs ($507.4 million), one new U.S. CLO ($500.0 million) and hedge fund strategies ($311.1 million),

 

   

$1.6 billion in our Real Estate segment primarily due to capital raised and invested for BREP Co-Investment ($709.9 million) and BREDS ($559.8 million), and

 

   

$558.3 million in our Private Equity segment primarily due to Strategic Partners ($584.1 million), Tactical Opportunities ($288.1 million) and net commitments out of Blackstone’s multi-strategy platforms.

BAAM had net inflows of $538.0 million from April 1 through May 1, 2016.

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management were $223.5 billion at March 31, 2015, an increase of $6.8 billion, compared to $216.7 billion at December 31, 2014. The net increase was due to:

 

   

Inflows of $16.1 billion related to:

 

   

$7.6 billion in our Private Equity segment primarily due to $4.4 billion raised in our Blackstone Energy Partners (“BEP”) II fund and $3.0 billion due to the commencement of the investment period of the second vintage of the Tactical Opportunities strategies,

 

   

$4.0 billion in our Credit segment principally due to $1.0 billion and $431.2 million raised in new U.S. and European CLO launches, respectively, $815.3 million raised from BDCs, $762.0 million raised for carry funds and $366.1 million raised for hedge fund strategies,

 

   

$3.1 billion in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment mainly related to $1.3 billion raised for customized solutions, $936.0 million raised for specialized solutions, $475.5 million raised for individual investor solutions and $368.8 million raised for commingled products, and

 

   

$1.4 billion in our Real Estate segment primarily related to $1.0 billion raised in our BPP funds and $193.1 million raised for BREP Europe IV.

Offsetting these increases were:

 

   

Realizations of $4.8 billion driven by:

 

   

$2.5 billion in our Real Estate segment primarily from realizations of $1.3 billion in BREP VI, $512.6 million in BREDS and $352.6 million in BREP V,

 

   

$1.2 billion in our Private Equity segment that were primarily from BCP IV, BCP V and Tactical Opportunities public and strategic dispositions including Merlin, Catalent, Pinnacle, Michaels Stores, Bayview Asset Management and Milestone, and Strategic Partners realizations, and

 

   

$1.0 billion in our Credit segment primarily due to $529.6 million of capital returned to CLO investors from CLOs that are post their re-investment periods, $227.4 million returned in Carry Funds and $187.4 million in dividends paid to investors in our BDCs.

 

   

Outflows of $4.1 billion primarily attributable to:

 

   

$1.8 billion in our Credit segment primarily from outflows of $1.4 billion from our long only separately managed accounts, $227.2 million from hedge fund strategies and $118.8 million from our BDCs, and

 

   

$1.3 billion in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment driven by investors’ liquidity needs and certain strategic shifts in their programs.

 

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Total Assets Under Management

Total Assets Under Management were $343.7 billion at March 31, 2016, an increase of $7.3 billion, compared to $336.4 billion at December 31, 2015. The net increase was due to:

 

   

Inflows of $17.1 billion primarily related to:

 

   

$9.1 billion in our Real Estate segment primarily due to capital raised for our fifth European opportunistic fund ($5.2 billion), third mezzanine debt fund ($1.7 billion), BREP co-investment ($842.4 million) and BPP U.S. ($555.0 million),

 

   

$3.2 billion in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment primarily related to the reasons noted above in Fee-Earning Assets Under Management,

 

   

$3.0 billion in our Private Equity segment primarily related to Strategic Partners ($1.8 billion), BCP VII ($898.6 million) and the initial closing for our core private equity fund ($669.5 million), and

 

   

$1.9 billion in our Credit segment primarily due to $527.5 million raised due to the closing of one new CLO, $507.4 million of capital raised for our BDCs, $462.0 million for our long only business and $267.6 million raised in hedge fund strategies funds.

 

   

Market appreciation of $381.7 million primarily due to:

 

   

$1.9 billion appreciation in our Real Estate segment primarily due to carrying value increases of 1.8% and 4.4% within the opportunistic and core+ platforms, respectively. This also includes the positive impact of $529.5 million from foreign exchange translation of our non-U.S. dollar denominated investments and Euro-based opportunistic funds,

 

   

$577.7 million appreciation in our Private Equity segment due to BCP V ($519.4 million) and currency gains ($155.7 million), partially offset by BCP VI performance ($(255.2) million), and

 

   

$2.0 billion depreciation in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment due to BAAM’s Principal Solutions Composite down 2.9% gross (down 3.1% net).

Offsetting these increases were:

 

   

Realizations of $6.6 billion driven by:

 

   

$3.5 billion in our Real Estate segment primarily due to realizations across the BREP Global and European opportunistic platform ($1.9 billion), BREP co-investment ($1.1 billion) and BREDS ($328.1 million),

 

   

$2.1 billion in our Private Equity segment primarily due to BCP V ($1.4 billion) and Strategic Partners ($352.2 million), and

 

   

$884.9 million in our Credit segment primarily due to $313.4 million of capital returned to CLO investors from CLOs that are post their re-investment periods, $265.6 million returned in Carry Funds and $225.8 million in dividends paid to investors in our BDCs.

 

   

Outflows of $3.5 billion primarily attributable to:

 

   

$1.6 billion in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment primarily due to reasons noted above in Fee-Earning Assets Under Management, and

 

   

$1.4 billion in our Credit segment primarily due to the same reasons in Fee-Earning Assets Under Management above.

Total Assets Under Management were $310.5 billion at March 31, 2015, an increase of $20.1 billion, compared to $290.4 billion at December 31, 2014. The net increase was due to:

 

   

Inflows of $30.5 billion primarily related to:

 

   

$18.4 billion in our Real Estate segment primarily due to fundraising of $14.5 billion for the eighth global opportunistic fund and $1.6 billion for the BPP funds,

 

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$6.2 billion in our Credit segment primarily due to $2.4 billion for our carry funds, $1.5 billion raised due to the closing of three new CLOs, $815.3 million of capital raised for our BDCs, and $702.1 million raised in hedge fund strategies funds,

 

   

$3.1 billion in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment primarily related to growth of customized strategies, an additional close in the general partner interests vehicle bringing total commitments to $3.0 billion through March 31, 2015, and continued diversification of the platform, and

 

   

$2.9 billion in our Private Equity segment primarily related to fundraising of $2.4 billion for the second vintage of the Tactical Opportunities strategies, $364.9 million for BEP II and $100.0 million for Strategic Partners.

 

   

Market appreciation of $6.9 billion primarily due to:

 

   

$3.7 billion in our Private Equity segment primarily due to BCP V appreciation of 12.0% driven by public holdings including the IPO of Summit Materials and $268.6 million of foreign exchange depreciation,

 

   

$2.9 billion in our Real Estate segment due to 8.2% appreciation in opportunistic funds driven by strong operating fundamentals in the BREP private portfolio (up 5% or $2.1 billion), public portfolio appreciation (up 15% or $2.2 billion) and $1.8 billion of foreign exchange depreciation, and

 

   

$1.0 billion in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment due to BAAM’s Principal Solutions Composite up 2.7% gross (2.5% net).

Offsetting these increases were:

 

   

Realizations of $13.7 billion driven by:

 

   

$9.2 billion in our Real Estate segment primarily due to record realization activity in the quarter with 79% of realizations generated from BREP V, VI and VII,

 

   

$3.3 billion in our Private Equity segment primarily due to realizations of $1.8 billion from BCP V, $644.8 million from BCP IV, $331.7 million from Tactical Opportunities and $331.5 million Strategic Partners, and

 

   

$1.2 billion in our Credit segment primarily due to the same reasons in Fee-Earning Assets Under Management above.

 

   

Outflows of $3.6 billion primarily attributable to:

 

   

$2.1 billion in our Credit segment primarily due to the same reasons in Fee-Earning Assets Under Management above, and

 

   

$1.3 billion in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment primarily due to the same reasons in Fee-Earning Assets Under Management above.

 

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Limited Partner Capital Invested

The following presents the limited partner capital invested during the respective periods:

 

 

LOGO

 

Note: Totals in graph may not add due to rounding.

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
     2016 vs. 2015  
     2015      2016      $     %  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Limited Partner Capital Invested

          

Private Equity

   $ 2,374,599       $ 1,865,698       $ (508,901     -21

Real Estate

     1,443,163         3,747,181         2,304,018        160

Hedge Fund Solutions

     133,351         315,757         182,406        137

Credit

     814,423         586,935         (227,488     -28
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   $ 4,765,536       $ 6,515,571       $ 1,750,035        37
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Limited Partner Capital Invested was $6.5 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2016, an increase of $1.8 billion, or 37%, from $4.8 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The amount of Limited Partner Capital Invested is a function of finding opportunistic investments that fit our investment philosophy and strategy in each of our segments as well as the relative size and timing of investment closings within those segments. Our Private Equity segment deployed capital at a lesser rate in the three months ended March 31, 2016 than in the three months ended March 31, 2015 due to the timing of investment closings. Our Real Estate segment deployed capital at a higher rate in the three months ended March 31, 2016 than in the comparable 2015 quarter. Our Hedge Fund Solutions segment deployed capital at a greater rate in the three months ended March 31, 2016 than in the three months ended March 31, 2015 based on the relative investment opportunities from the hedge fund manager seeding platform and general partner interests vehicle. In our Credit segment, capital deployed in the three months ended March 31, 2016 was lower than in the three months ended March 31, 2015 due to investment opportunities in Europe in the three months ended March 31, 2015 compared to a more difficult deployment environment in the three months ended March 31, 2016.

 

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The following presents the committed undrawn capital available for investment (“dry powder”) for the respective periods:

 

 

LOGO

 

Note: Totals may not add due to rounding. Amounts are as of March 31 for each of the periods indicated.

(a) Represents illiquid drawdown funds only; excludes marketable vehicles; includes both Fee-Earning (third party) capital and general partner and employee commitments that do not earn fees. Amounts are reduced by outstanding commitments to invest, but for which capital has not been called.

 

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Net Accrued Performance Fees

The following table presents the accrued performance fees, net of Performance Fee Compensation, of the Blackstone Funds as of March 31, 2016 and 2015. Net accrued performance fees presented do not include clawback amounts, if any, which are disclosed in Note 17. “Commitments and Contingencies — Contingencies — Contingent Obligations (Clawback)” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing. The net accrued performance fees as of each reporting date are principally Unrealized Carried Interest and Incentive Fees which, if realized, can be a significant component of Distributable Earnings.

 

     March 31,  
     2016      2015  
     (Dollars in Millions)  

Private Equity

     

BCP IV Carried Interest

   $ 155       $ 178   

BCP V Carried Interest

     358         1,479   

BCP VI Carried Interest

     340         270   

BEP Carried Interest

     46         64   

Tactical Opportunities Carried Interest

     56         24   

BTAS Carried Interest

     5         —     

Strategic Partners Carried Interest

     38         11   

Other Carried Interest

     2         1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Private Equity (a)

     1,000         2,027   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Real Estate

     

BREP IV Carried Interest

     11         30   

BREP V Carried Interest

     417         652   

BREP VI Carried Interest

     636         1,109   

BREP VII Carried Interest

     570         527   

BREP VIII Carried Interest

     34         —     

BREP International I Carried Interest

     —           1   

BREP Europe III Carried Interest

     181         201   

BREP Europe IV Carried Interest

     126         56   

BREP Asia Carried Interest

     68         30   

BPP Carried Interest

     41         14   

BPP Incentive Fees

     18         —     

BREDS Carried Interest

     16         17   

BREDS Incentive Fees

     2         4   

Asia Platform Incentive Fees

     7         7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Real Estate (a)

     2,127         2,648   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Hedge Fund Solutions

     

Incentive Fees

     5         40   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Hedge Fund Solutions

     5         40   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Credit

     

Carried Interest

     66         165   

Incentive Fees

     14         30   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Credit

     80         195   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Blackstone

     

Carried Interest

     3,166         4,829   

Incentive Fees

     46         81   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net Accrued Performance Fees

   $ 3,212       $ 4,910   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(a) Private Equity and Real Estate include Co-Investments, as applicable.

 

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Performance Fee Eligible Assets Under Management

The following represents invested and to be invested capital, including closed commitments for funds whose investment period has not yet commenced, on which performance fees could be earned if certain hurdles are met:

 

 

LOGO

 

Note: Totals may not add due to rounding. Amounts are as of March 31, 2016.

(a) Represents invested and to be invested capital at fair value, including closed commitments for funds whose investment period has not yet commenced, on which performance fees could be earned if certain hurdles are met.
(b) Represents dry powder exclusive of non-fee earning general partner and employee commitments.

Investment Record

Fund returns information for our significant funds is included throughout this discussion and analysis to facilitate an understanding of our results of operations for the periods presented. The fund returns information reflected in this discussion and analysis is not indicative of the financial performance of The Blackstone Group L.P. and is also not necessarily indicative of the future performance of any particular fund. An investment in The Blackstone Group L.P. is not an investment in any of our funds. There can be no assurance that any of our funds or our other existing and future funds will achieve similar returns.

 

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The following table presents the investment record of our significant drawdown funds from inception through March 31, 2016:

 

                Unrealized Investments     Realized Investments     Total Investments     Net IRR (c)  

Fund (Investment Period)

  Committed
Capital
    Available
Capital (a)
    Value     MOIC (b)     % Public     Value     MOIC (b)     Value     MOIC (b)     Realized     Total  
    (Dollars in Thousands, Except Where Noted)  

Private Equity

                     

BCP I (Oct 1987 / Oct 1993)

  $ 859,081      $ —        $ —          N/A        —        $ 1,741,738        2.6x      $ 1,741,738        2.6x        19     19

BCP II (Oct 1993 / Aug 1997)

    1,361,100        —          —          N/A        —          3,256,819        2.5x        3,256,819        2.5x        32     32

BCP III (Aug 1997 / Nov 2002)

    3,967,422        —          —          N/A        —          9,184,688        2.3x        9,184,688        2.3x        14     14

BCOM (Jun 2000 / Jun 2006)

    2,137,330        126,093        116,658        1.7x        66     2,851,514        1.4x        2,968,172        1.4x        7     6

BCP IV (Nov 2002 / Dec 2005)

    6,773,182        219,136        2,160,727        1.3x        31     18,951,775        3.2x        21,112,502        2.8x        43     36

BCP V (Dec 2005 / Jan 2011)

    21,025,507        1,261,736        10,330,979        1.6x        76     27,296,433        2.0x        37,627,412        1.9x        10     8

BCP VI (Jan 2011 / Jan 2017)

    15,188,733        2,797,578        14,976,100        1.3x        24     2,044,675        1.9x        17,020,775        1.3x        50     10

BEP I (Aug 2011 / Feb 2015)

    2,439,112        183,562        2,713,693        1.3x        25     539,548        2.0x        3,253,241        1.4x        57     14

BEP II (Feb 2015 / Feb 2021)

    4,951,351        4,875,450        22,908        1.0x        —          —          N/A        22,908        1.0x        N/A        N/A   

BCP VII (TBD)

    18,898,630        18,898,630        —          N/A        —          —          N/A        —          N/A        N/A        N/A   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Corporate Private Equity

    77,601,448        28,362,185        30,321,065        1.4x        42     65,867,190        2.3x        96,188,255        1.9x        19     15
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Tactical Opportunities

    13,287,442        6,765,473        7,328,776        1.1x        7     1,296,745        1.5x        8,625,521        1.2x        31     10

Strategic Partners I-V and Co-Investment

    12,156,390        2,356,537        3,991,432        2.9x        —          13,110,144        1.3x        17,101,576        1.5x        N/A        14

Strategic Partners VI LBO, RE and SMA (d)

    6,737,766        1,653,078        3,567,570        N/M        —          432,994        N/M        4,000,564        1.4x        N/A        44

Strategic Partners VII

    1,511,972        1,511,972        —          N/A        —          —          N/A        —          N/A        N/A        N/A   

BCEP (e)

    669,500        669,500        —          N/A        —          —          N/A        —          N/A        N/A        N/A   

Other Funds and Co-Investment (f)

    2,343,637        620,141        1,409,258        1.1x        33     228,347        1.3x        1,637,605        1.1x        N/A        N/A   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Private Equity

  $ 114,308,155      $ 41,938,886      $ 46,618,101        1.4x        30   $ 80,935,420        2.0x      $ 127,553,521        1.7x        19     15
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Real Estate

                     

Dollar

                     

Pre-BREP

  $ 140,714      $ —        $ —          N/A        —        $ 345,190        2.5x      $ 345,190        2.5x        33     33

BREP I (Sep 1994 / Oct 1996)

    380,708        —          —          N/A        —          1,327,708        2.8x        1,327,708        2.8x        40     40

BREP II (Oct 1996 / Mar 1999)

    1,198,339        —          —          N/A        —          2,531,613        2.1x        2,531,613        2.1x        19     19

BREP III (Apr 1999 / Apr 2003)

    1,522,708        —          —          N/A        —          3,336,402        2.4x        3,336,402        2.4x        21     21

BREP IV (Apr 2003 / Dec 2005)

    2,198,694        —          653,847        0.7x        14     3,900,697        2.2x        4,554,544        1.7x        40     13

BREP V (Dec 2005 / Feb 2007)

    5,539,418        —          3,938,344        2.2x        31     8,899,153        2.2x        12,837,497        2.2x        13     11

BREP VI (Feb 2007 / Aug 2011)

    11,059,523        579,112        7,608,688        2.2x        68     17,951,460        2.4x        25,560,148        2.3x        15     13

BREP VII (Aug 2011 / Apr 2015)

    13,491,598        2,461,897        15,743,502        1.6x        1     8,584,025        1.9x        24,327,527        1.7x        31     21

BREP VIII (Apr 2015 / Oct 2020)

    16,145,129        10,754,125        5,921,200        1.1x        —          4,793        1.0x        5,925,993        1.1x        N/A        16
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Global BREP

  $ 51,676,831      $ 13,795,134      $ 33,865,581        1.6x        20   $ 46,881,041        2.2x      $ 80,746,622        1.9x        21     17
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Euro

                     

BREP Int’l (Jan 2001 / Sep 2005)

  824,172      —        —          N/A        —        1,364,490        2.1x      1,364,490        2.1x        23     23

BREP Int’l II (Sep 2005 / Jun 2008)

    1,629,748        —          530,198        1.1x        64     1,714,052        1.8x        2,244,250        1.6x        8     5

BREP Europe III (Jun 2008 / Sep 2013)

    3,205,140        466,916        3,201,449        1.9x        —          2,635,024        2.1x        5,836,473        2.0x        23     18

BREP Europe IV (Sep 2013 / Mar 2019)

    6,696,404        2,110,961        6,334,310        1.3x        —          573,041        1.4x        6,907,351        1.3x        27     16

BREP Europe V (TBD)

    4,669,823        4,669,823        —          N/A        —          —          N/A        —          N/A        N/A        N/A   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Euro BREP

  17,025,287      7,247,700      10,065,957        1.4x        3   6,286,607        2.0x      16,352,564        1.6x        16     13
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

BREP Co-Investment (g)

  $ 6,819,065      $ —        $ 5,125,104        1.6x        46   $ 7,387,601        2.1x      $ 12,512,705        1.9x        17     16

BREP Asia (Jun 2013 / Dec 2017)

    5,081,069        2,728,072        3,143,960        1.3x        —          185,124        1.5x        3,329,084        1.3x        22     14
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total BREP

  $ 84,884,181      $ 24,691,363      $ 54,805,711        1.5x        17   $ 62,823,968        2.2x      $ 117,629,679        1.8x        20     16
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

BPP (h)

  $ 10,909,794      $ 2,752,215      $ 9,485,250        1.2x        —        $ —          N/A      $ 9,485,250        1.2x        N/A        17

BREDS (i)

  $ 9,789,251      $ 5,374,702      $ 2,481,353        1.3x        —        $ 5,681,724        1.3x      $ 8,163,077        1.3x        13     12

Hedge Fund Solutions

                     

BSCH (Dec 2013 / Jun 2020) (j)

  $ 3,300,600      $ 2,755,702      $ 549,508        1.0x        —        $ 68,755        N/A      $ 618,263        1.2x        N/A        5

BSCH Co-Investment

    75,500        31,237        44,481        1.0x        —          1,254        N/A        45,735        1.0x        N/A        5
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Hedge Fund Solutions

  $ 3,376,100      $ 2,786,939      $ 593,989        1.0x        —        $ 70,009        N/A      $ 663,998        1.2x        N/A        5
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

continued...

 

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                Unrealized Investments     Realized Investments     Total Investments     Net IRR (c)  

Fund (Investment Period)

  Committed
Capital
    Available
Capital (a)
    Value     MOIC (b)     % Public     Value     MOIC (b)     Value     MOIC (b)     Realized     Total  
    (Dollars in Thousands, Except Where Noted)  

Credit (k)

                     

Dollar

                     

Mezzanine I (Jul 2007 / Oct 2011)

  $ 2,000,000      $ 99,280      $ 444,786        1.7x        —        $ 4,406,799        1.6x      $ 4,851,585        1.6x        N/A        18

Mezzanine II (Nov 2011 / Nov 2016)

    4,120,000        2,005,610        2,746,265        1.1x        —          1,896,457        1.4x        4,642,722        1.2x        N/A        13

Rescue Lending I (Sep 2009 / May 2013)

    3,253,143        553,745        1,465,694        1.2x        —          4,197,595        1.5x        5,663,289        1.4x        N/A        11

Rescue Lending II (Jun 2013 / Jun 2018)

    5,125,000        2,561,654        2,701,252        1.0x        —          88,846        1.1x        2,790,098        1.0x        N/A        2

Energy Select Opportunities (Nov 2015 / Nov 2018)

    2,856,866        2,469,556        419,038        1.1x        —          —          N/A        419,038        1.1x        N/A        N/M   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Dollar Credit

  $ 17,355,009      $ 7,689,845      $ 7,777,035        1.1x        —        $ 10,589,697        1.5x      $ 18,366,732        1.3x        N/A        14
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Euro

                     

European Senior Debt (Feb 2015 / Feb 2018)

  1,964,689      3,369,434      523,149        1.0x        —        142,288        1.2x      665,437        1.0x        N/A        N/M   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Credit

  $ 19,621,419      $ 11,529,777      $ 8,372,349        1.1x        —        $ 10,747,165        1.5x      $ 19,119,514        1.3x        N/A        14
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

N/M Not meaningful.
N/A Not applicable.
(a) Available Capital represents total investable capital commitments, including side-by-side, adjusted for certain expenses and expired or recallable capital and may include leverage, less invested capital. This amount is not reduced by outstanding commitments to investments.
(b) Multiple of Invested Capital (“MOIC”) represents carrying value, before management fees, expenses and Carried Interest, divided by invested capital.
(c) Net Internal Rate of Return (“IRR”) represents the annualized inception to March 31, 2016 IRR on total invested capital based on realized proceeds and unrealized value, as applicable, after management fees, expenses and Carried Interest.
(d) Realizations are treated as return of capital until fully recovered and therefore unrealized and realized MOICs are not meaningful in the early life of the funds.
(e) BCEP, or Blackstone Core Equity Partners, is a core private equity fund which invests with a more modest risk profile and longer hold period.
(f) Returns for Other Funds and Co-Investment are not meaningful as these funds have limited transaction activity.
(g) BREP Co-Investment represents co-investment capital raised for various BREP investments. The Net IRR reflected is calculated by aggregating each co-investment’s realized proceeds and unrealized value, as applicable, after management fees, expenses and Carried Interest.
(h) BPP, or Blackstone Property Partners, are the core+ real estate funds which invest with a more moderate risk profile and lower leverage than the real estate opportunistic funds.
(i) Excludes Capital Trust drawdown funds.
(j) BSCH is a permanent capital vehicle focused on acquiring strategic minority positions in alternative asset managers.
(k) The Total Investments MOIC for Mezzanine I, Mezzanine II, Rescue Lending I, Rescue Lending II Funds, Energy Select Opportunities Fund and European Senior Debt Fund, excluding recycled capital during the investment period, was 2.0x, 1.4x, 1.6x, 1.0x, 1.1x and N/M, respectively. Funds presented represent the flagship credit drawdown funds only. The Total Credit Net IRR is the combined IRR of the six credit drawdown funds presented.

 

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Segment Analysis

Discussed below is our EI for each of our segments. This information is reflected in the manner utilized by our senior management to make operating decisions, assess performance and allocate resources. References to “our” sectors or investments may also refer to portfolio companies and investments of the underlying funds that we manage.

For segment reporting purposes, revenues and expenses are presented on a basis that deconsolidates the investment funds we manage. As a result, segment revenues are greater than those presented on a consolidated GAAP basis because fund management fees recognized in certain segments are received from the Blackstone Funds and eliminated in consolidation when presented on a consolidated GAAP basis. Furthermore, segment expenses are lower than related amounts presented on a consolidated GAAP basis due to the exclusion of fund expenses that are paid by Limited Partners and the elimination of non-controlling interests.

As a result of the spin-off on October 1, 2015 of Blackstone’s Financial Advisory business, a segment analysis is no longer reported.

 

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Private Equity

The following table presents the results of operations for our Private Equity segment:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    2016 vs. 2015  
     2016     2015     $     %  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Segment Revenues

        

Management Fees, Net

        

Base Management Fees

   $ 130,648      $ 108,383      $ 22,265        21

Advisory Fees

     481        2,429        (1,948     -80

Transaction and Other Fees, Net

     8,439        20,359        (11,920     -59

Management Fee Offsets

     (6,848     (4,949     (1,899     38
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Management Fees, Net

     132,720        126,222        6,498        5
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

        

Realized

        

Carried Interest

     30,282        382,978        (352,696     -92

Unrealized

        

Carried Interest

     73,875        566,822        (492,947     -87
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

     104,157        949,800        (845,643     -89
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income (Loss)

        

Realized

     (15,357     44,816        (60,173     N/M   

Unrealized

     15,440        31,487        (16,047     -51
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income

     83        76,303        (76,220     -100

Interest and Dividend Revenue

     9,849        7,618        2,231        29

Other

     (1,587     (1,825     238        -13
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

     245,222        1,158,118        (912,896     -79
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

        

Compensation and Benefits

        

Compensation

     80,274        71,072        9,202        13

Performance Fee Compensation

        

Realized

        

Carried Interest

     15,427        39,482        (24,055     -61

Unrealized

        

Carried Interest

     9,296        178,120        (168,824     -95
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

     104,997        288,674        (183,677     -64

Other Operating Expenses

     48,063        38,875        9,188        24
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

     153,060        327,549        (174,489     -53
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Economic Income

   $ 92,162      $ 830,569      $ (738,407     -89
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

N/M Not meaningful.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2015

Revenues

Revenues were $245.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $912.9 million compared to $1.2 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The decrease in revenues was primarily attributable to decreases in Performance Fees and Investment Income of $845.6 million and $76.2 million, respectively, partially offset by an increase in Total Management Fees, Net of $6.5 million.

The decline in first quarter 2016 revenue in our Private Equity segment was significantly driven by a decline in unrealized Performance Fees. The reduction in unrealized Performance Fees was primarily due to a reduction in the

 

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appreciation of our investment holdings, mainly in BCP V, which had a net return of 4.3% in the first quarter of 2016 as compared to a net return of 7.3% in the first quarter of 2015. Although our overall private equity portfolio appreciated in the first quarter of 2016, the rate of appreciation was moderated, and the impact on our results was to a moderate extent exacerbated by negative swings in the marks of our private energy holdings as a result of depressed oil and gas prices, which despite rallying at the end of the first quarter, remained low. These negative swings were, however, offset by increases in our public energy holdings. Despite significant market volatility in the first quarter, operating fundamentals at our Private Equity portfolio companies remain strong and the portfolio companies continue to demonstrate revenue and EBITDA growth. If market and/or macroeconomic conditions were to deteriorate in the future and adversely affect our Private Equity fund investment performance, revenues in our Private Equity segment would likely be negatively impacted. Although our private equity energy investments had a limited impact on declining revenues in the first quarter of 2016, a sustained period of depressed oil and gas prices would likely adversely affect our Private Equity revenues.

Performance Fees, which are determined on a fund by fund basis, were $104.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $845.6 million, compared to $949.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, as total private equity funds appreciated 1.1% during the quarter versus 6.3% appreciation in the comparable 2015 quarter, driven mainly by BCP V.

Investment Income was $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $76.2 million compared to $76.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, driven primarily by the factors noted above.

Total Management Fees, Net were $132.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, an increase of $6.5 million compared to $126.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, driven primarily by an increase in Base Management Fees, partially offset by a decrease in Transaction and Other Fees, Net. Base Management Fees were $130.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, an increase of $22.3 million compared to $108.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, primarily due to the increase in fee-earning assets across the segment. Transaction and Other Fees, Net were $8.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $11.9 million compared to $20.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, principally due to the timing of transaction closings.

Expenses

Expenses were $153.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $174.5 million, compared to $327.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The decrease was attributable to a $192.9 million decrease in Performance Fee Compensation, partially offset by a $9.2 million increase in Compensation and a $9.2 million increase in Other Operating Expenses. The decrease in Performance Fee Compensation was driven by the decrease in Performance Fees Revenue. The increase in Compensation was primarily attributable to an increase in Management Fee Revenue, on which a portion of compensation is based and an increase in headcount to support the growth of the business. The increase in Other Operating Expenses was primarily due to an increase in interest and other expense allocations to the segment.

Fund Returns

Fund returns information for our significant funds is included throughout this discussion and analysis to facilitate an understanding of our results of operations for the periods presented. The fund returns information reflected in this discussion and analysis is not indicative of the financial performance of The Blackstone Group L.P. and is also not necessarily indicative of the future performance of any particular fund. An investment in The Blackstone Group L.P. is not an investment in any of our funds. There can be no assurance that any of our funds or our other existing and future funds will achieve similar returns.

 

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The following table presents the internal rates of return of our significant private equity funds:

 

      Three Months Ended
March 31,
    March 31, 2016
Inception to Date
 
      2016     2015 (a)     Realized     Total  

Fund (b)

   Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net  

BCP IV

     4     3     -1     -1     57     43     50     36

BCP V

     6     4     12     7     12     10     10     8

BCOM

     3     3     -1     -1     13     7     13     6

BCP VI

     -1     -1     3     2     64     50     17     10

BEP I

     —          —          1     —          61     57     19     14

BEP II (c)

     N/M        N/M        N/M        N/M        N/M        N/M        N/M        N/M   

Tactical Opportunities

     1     1     2     1     39     31     14     10

Strategic Partners

     —          -1     3     2     N/A        N/A        18     15

The returns presented herein represent those of the applicable Blackstone Funds and not those of The Blackstone Group L.P.

 

N/M Not meaningful.
N/A Not applicable.
(a) Changes in previous period returns are due to the repayment of fund level financing with capital drawn down from the respective fund’s general and limited partners.
(b) Net returns are based on the change in carrying value (realized and unrealized) after management fees, expenses and Carried Interest allocations.
(c) BEP II’s investment returns are presented as N/M as its investment period commenced in February 2015.

The corporate private equity funds within the Private Equity segment have four contributed funds with closed investment periods: BCP IV, BCP V, BCOM and BEP I. As of March 31, 2016, BCP IV was above its Carried Interest threshold (i.e., the preferred return payable to its limited partners before the general partner is eligible to receive Carried Interest) and would still be above its Carried Interest threshold even if all remaining investments were valued at zero. BCP V is comprised of two fund classes based on the timings of fund closings, the BCP V “main fund” and BCP V-AC fund. Within these fund classes, the general partner (“GP”) is subject to equalization such that (a) the GP accrues Carried Interest when the total Carried Interest for the combined fund classes is positive and (b) the GP realizes Carried Interest so long as clawback obligations, if any, for the combined fund classes are fully satisfied. During the quarter, both fund classes were above their respective Carried Interest thresholds. BCOM is currently above its Carried Interest threshold and has generated inception to date positive returns. We are entitled to retain previously realized Carried Interest up to 20% of BCOM’s net gains. As a result, Performance Fees are recognized from BCOM on current period gains and losses. BEP I is currently above its Carried Interest threshold.

 

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Real Estate

The following table presents the results of operations for our Real Estate segment:

 

    Three Months Ended
March 31,
    2016 vs. 2015  
    2016     2015     $     %  
    (Dollars in Thousands)  

Segment Revenues

       

Management Fees, Net

       

Base Management Fees

  $ 199,907      $ 152,348      $ 47,559        31

Transaction and Other Fees, Net

    35,794        15,216        20,578        135

Management Fee Offsets

    (3,595     (4,866     1,271        -26
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Management Fees, Net

    232,106        162,698        69,408        43
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

       

Realized

       

Carried Interest

    200,627        811,249        (610,622     -75

Incentive Fees

    4,069        723        3,346        463

Unrealized

       

Carried Interest

    (11,522     (181,019     169,497        -94

Incentive Fees

    9,765        6,069        3,696        61
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

    202,939        637,022        (434,083     -68
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income (Loss)

       

Realized

    12,975        71,344        (58,369     -82

Unrealized

    (2,137     37,510        (39,647     N/M   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income

    10,838        108,854        (98,016     -90

Interest and Dividend Revenue

    13,188        9,997        3,191        32

Other

    (1,909     (3,977     2,068        -52
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

    457,162        914,594        (457,432     -50
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

       

Compensation and Benefits

       

Compensation

    100,578        84,834        15,744        19

Performance Fee Compensation

       

Realized

       

Carried Interest

    43,076        246,496        (203,420     -83

Incentive Fees

    2,133        356        1,777        499

Unrealized

       

Carried Interest

    27,703        (98,084     125,787        N/M   

Incentive Fees

    4,158        2,575        1,583        61
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

    177,648        236,177        (58,529     -25

Other Operating Expenses

    48,097        40,143        7,954        20
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

    225,745        276,320        (50,575     -18
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Economic Income

  $ 231,417      $ 638,274      $ (406,857     -64
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

N/M Not meaningful.

 

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Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2015

Revenues

Revenues were $457.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $457.4 million compared to $914.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The decrease in revenues was primarily attributable to decreases of $434.1 million in Performance Fees and $98.0 million in Investment Income, partially offset by an increase of $69.4 million in Total Management Fees, Net.

The decline in first quarter 2016 revenues in our Real Estate segment was driven by a decline in Performance Fees. The reduction in Performance Fees was primarily due to a reduction in the net appreciation of our investment holdings in our BREP global funds versus the first quarter of 2015. Operating fundamentals across our Real Estate portfolio remain stable and our public portfolio appreciated in the quarter, as the public markets appear to have begun anticipating an improvement in real estate fundamentals that has not yet been reflected in the private markets. On the other hand, our private Real Estate holdings were impacted by positive, but declining, growth in U.S. revenue per available room, or RevPAR, and the lodging sector continues to experience volatility despite appreciation in public lodging equity investments. If market and/or macroeconomic conditions were to deteriorate in the future causing a decline in our Real Estate fund investment performance, revenues in our Real Estate segment would likely be negatively impacted.

Performance Fees, which are determined on a fund by fund basis, were $202.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $434.1 million compared to $637.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. Performance Fees decreased due to a reduction in the net appreciation of investments holdings within our BREP opportunistic funds which appreciated 1.8% versus 8.2% in the comparable 2015 quarter.

Investment Income was $10.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $98.0 million compared to $108.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The decrease in Investment Income was primarily driven by decreased quarterly appreciation of investments across our global Real Estate funds including BREP VI, where Blackstone has a larger investment than in the other BREP funds.

Total Management Fees, Net were $232.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, an increase of $69.4 million compared to $162.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, driven primarily by increases in Base Management Fees and Transaction and Other Fees, Net. Base Management Fees were $199.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, an increase of $47.6 million compared to $152.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, primarily due to the launch of BREP VIII and growth in our BPP funds. Transaction and Other Fees, Net were $35.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, an increase of $20.6 million compared to $15.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, primarily due to an increase in investment activity in BREP global funds.

Expenses

Expenses were $225.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $50.6 million, compared to $276.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in Performance Fee Compensation of $74.3 million, partially offset by increases of $15.7 million and $8.0 million in Compensation and Other Operating Expenses, respectively. The decrease in Performance Fee Compensation was a result of a decrease in Performance Fee Revenue. The increase in Compensation was primarily attributable to an increase in Management Fee Revenue, on which a portion of compensation is based and an increase in headcount to support the growth of the business. The increase in Other Operating Expenses was primarily due to an increase in interest and other expense allocations to the segment.

 

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Fund Returns

Fund return information for our significant funds is included throughout this discussion and analysis to facilitate an understanding of our results of operations for the periods presented. The fund returns information reflected in this discussion and analysis is not indicative of the financial performance of The Blackstone Group L.P. and is also not necessarily indicative of the future performance of any particular fund. An investment in The Blackstone Group L.P. is not an investment in any of our funds. There can be no assurance that any of our funds or our other existing and future funds will achieve similar returns.

The following table presents the internal rates of return of our significant real estate funds:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    March 31, 2016
Inception to Date
 
     2016     2015     Realized     Total  

Fund (a)

   Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net  

BREP IV

     -8     -6     3     3     65     40     22     13

BREP V

     —          —          11     10     16     13     14     11

BREP International II (b)

     2     2     15     15     10     8     7     5

BREP VI

     4     3     11     9     20     15     17     13

BREP Europe III (b)

     -1     -1     8     7     35     23     28     18

BREP VII

     1     —          4     3     44     31     30     21

BREP VIII

     6     4     N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        33     16

BREP Asia

     6     4     7     4     40     22     23     14

BREP Europe IV (b)

     2     1     8     5     43     27     24     16

BREDS

     5     2     4     2     17     13     16     12

BSSF I

     —          —          2     2     N/A        N/A        15     11

CMBS

     —          -1     1     1     N/A        N/A        15     10

BREIF

     1     —          2     1     N/A        N/A        7     4

BPP

     4     4     N/M        N/M        N/A        N/A        20     17

BREP Co-Investment (c)

     2     -1     14     13     19     17     17     16

The returns presented herein represent those of the applicable Blackstone Funds and not those of The Blackstone Group L.P.

 

N/M Not meaningful.

N/A Not applicable.
(a) Net returns are based on the change in carrying value (realized and unrealized) after management fees, expenses and performance fee allocations.
(b) Euro-based net internal rates of return.
(c) Excludes fully realized co-investments prior to Blackstone’s IPO.

The following table presents the Carried Interest status of our real estate carry funds with expired investment periods which are currently not generating performance fees as of March 31, 2016:

 

      Gain to Cross
Carried Interest Threshold (a)
 

Fully Invested Funds

   Amount      % Change in
Total Enterprise
Value (b)
    % Change in
Equity Value
 
     (Amounts in Millions)               

BREP Int’l II (Sep 2005 / Jun 2008)

   802         44     163

 

(a)

The general partner of each fund is allocated Carried Interest when the annualized returns, net of management fees and expenses, exceed the preferred return as dictated by the fund agreements. The preferred return is

 

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  calculated for each limited partner individually. The Gain to Cross Carried Interest Threshold represents the increase in equity at the fund level (excluding our side-by-side investments) that is required for the general partner to begin accruing Carried Interest, assuming the gain is earned pro rata across the fund’s investments and is achieved at the reporting date.
(b) Total Enterprise Value is the respective fund’s pro rata ownership of the privately held portfolio companies’ Enterprise Value.

The Real Estate segment has seven funds in their investment period, which were above their respective Carried Interest thresholds as of March 31, 2016: BREP VIII, BREP Asia, BREP Europe IV and four funds within BREDS.

Hedge Fund Solutions

The following table presents the results of operations for our Hedge Fund Solutions segment:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    2016 vs. 2015  
     2016     2015     $     %  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Segment Revenues

        

Management Fees, Net

        

Base Management Fees

   $ 130,158      $ 130,637      $ (479     -0

Transaction and Other Fees, Net

     543        25        518        N/M   

Management Fee Offsets

     —          (280     280        -100
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Management Fees, Net

     130,701        130,382        319        0
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

        

Realized

        

Incentive Fees

     2,684        10,516        (7,832     -74

Unrealized

        

Carried Interest

     32        —          32        N/M   

Incentive Fees

     (2,935     47,427        (50,362     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

     (219     57,943        (58,162     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income (Loss)

        

Realized

     (4,745     (10,375     5,630        -54

Unrealized

     (12,291     4,483        (16,774     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Loss

     (17,036     (5,892     (11,144     189

Interest and Dividend Revenue

     5,296        3,949        1,347        34

Other

     (1,388     (1,607     219        -14
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

     117,354        184,775        (67,421     -36
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

        

Compensation and Benefits

        

Compensation

     54,169        56,104        (1,935     -3

Performance Fee Compensation

        

Realized

        

Incentive Fees

     1,863        3,470        (1,607     -46

Unrealized

        

Incentive Fees

     (1,195     15,651        (16,846     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

     54,837        75,225        (20,388     -27

Other Operating Expenses

     26,146        21,206        4,940        23
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

     80,983        96,431        (15,448     -16
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Economic Income

   $ 36,371      $ 88,344      $ (51,973     -59
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

N/M Not meaningful.

 

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Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2015

Revenues

Revenues were $117.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $67.4 million compared to $184.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The decrease in revenues was primarily attributable to a decrease of $58.2 million in Total Performance Fees and an increase of $11.1 million in Investment Loss.

The decline in Total Revenues for the first quarter of 2016 compared to the first quarter of 2015 in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment was significantly driven by a decline in Performance Fees. The reduction in Performance Fees was primarily due to challenging long-short equity market conditions, as equity markets experienced significant volatility during the first quarter of 2016 and the S&P 500 experienced the worst start to the year for equities since the Great Depression. The impact of equity market difficulty on our Hedge Fund Solutions segment was exacerbated by short squeezes as a result of rallying equity markets at the end of the first quarter. If global asset prices experience a period of continued extreme volatility or declines, or liquidity needs cause investors to withdraw assets, Hedge Fund Solutions revenues would likely continue to be negatively impacted. Nonetheless, Hedge Fund Solutions operates multiple business lines, manages strategies that are both long and short asset classes and generates a majority of its revenue through management fees, all of which provide a level of downside protection to Hedge Fund Solutions revenues.

Total Performance Fees, which are determined on a fund by fund basis, were $(0.2) million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $58.2 million compared to $57.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The decrease was primarily driven by lower returns.

Total Investment Loss was $17.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, an increase of $11.1 million compared to $5.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, primarily due to the year over year net depreciation of investments of which Blackstone owns a share.

Expenses

Expenses were $81.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $15.4 million compared to $96.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The decrease in expenses was attributable to a $20.4 million decrease in Total Compensation and Benefits, partially offset by a $4.9 million increase in Other Operating Expenses. Total Compensation and Benefits were $54.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $20.4 million, compared to $75.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, primarily due to a decrease in Performance Fee Revenue, on which a portion of compensation is based. Other Operating Expenses increased $4.9 million to $26.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared to $21.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, primarily resulting from an increase in interest and other expense allocations to the segment.

Operating Metrics

The following table presents information regarding our Incentive Fee-Earning Assets Under Management:

 

     Fee-Earning Assets Under
Management Eligible for
Incentive Fees
     Estimated % Above
High Water Mark/
Benchmark (a)
 
     As of March 31,      As of March 31,  
     2015      2016      2015     2016  
     (Dollars in Thousands)               

BAAM Managed Funds (b)

   $ 36,082,898       $ 35,411,177         92     1

 

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(a) Estimated % Above High Water Mark/Benchmark represents the percentage of Fee-Earning Assets Under Management Eligible for Incentive Fees that as of the dates presented would earn incentive fees when the applicable BAAM managed fund has positive investment performance relative to a benchmark, where applicable. Incremental positive performance in the applicable Blackstone Funds may cause additional assets to reach their respective High Water Mark or clear a benchmark, thereby resulting in an increase in Estimated % Above High Water Mark/Benchmark.
(b) For the BAAM managed funds, at March 31, 2016 the incremental appreciation needed for the 99% of Fee-Earning Assets Under Management below their respective High Water Marks/Benchmarks to reach their respective High Water Marks/Benchmarks was $1.7 billion, an increase of $1.7 billion, compared to $75.1 million at March 31, 2015. Of the Fee-Earning Assets Under Management below their respective High Water Marks/Benchmarks as of March 31, 2016, 72% were within 5% of reaching their respective High Water Mark.

Composite Returns

Composite returns information is included throughout this discussion and analysis to facilitate an understanding of our results of operations for the periods presented. The composite returns information reflected in this discussion and analysis is not indicative of the financial performance of The Blackstone Group L.P. and is also not necessarily indicative of the future results of any particular fund. An investment in The Blackstone Group L.P. is not an investment in any of our funds or composites. There can be no assurance that any of our funds or composites or our other existing and future funds or composites will achieve similar returns.

The following table presents the return information of the BAAM Principal Solutions Composite:

 

     Three
Months Ended
March 31,
    Average Annual Returns (a)  
       Periods Ended
March 31, 2016
 
     2016     2015     One Year     Three Year     Five Year     Historical  

Composite

  Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net  

BAAM Principal Solutions Composite (b)

    -3     -3     3     3     -3     -3     5     4     5     4     7     6

The returns presented represent those of the applicable Blackstone Funds and not those of The Blackstone Group L.P.

 

(a) Composite returns present a summarized asset-weighted return measure to evaluate the overall performance of the applicable class of Blackstone Funds.
(b) BAAM’s Principal Solutions (“BPS”) Composite covers the period from January 2000 to present, although BAAM’s inception date is September 1990. BPS Composite does not include BAAM’s individual investor solutions (i.e., liquid alternatives), long-biased commodities, ventures (i.e., seeding and minority interests), strategic opportunities (i.e., co-investments), Senfina (i.e., direct trading) and advisory (non-discretionary) platforms, except for investments by BPS funds directly into those platforms. BAAM-managed funds in liquidation are also excluded. The historical return is from January 1, 2000.

 

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Credit

The following table presents the results of operations for our Credit segment:

 

      Three Months Ended
March 31,
    2016 vs. 2015  
      2016     2015     $     %  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Segment Revenues

        

Management Fees, Net

        

Base Management Fees

   $ 125,990      $ 125,029      $ 961        1

Transaction and Other Fees, Net

     1,342        1,457        (115     -8

Management Fee Offsets

     (9,658     (7,850     (1,808     23
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Management Fees, Net

     117,674        118,636        (962     -1
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

        

Realized

        

Carried Interest

     —          13,367        (13,367     -100

Incentive Fees

     21,697        18,431        3,266        18

Unrealized

        

Carried Interest

     (14,779     (11,951     (2,828     24

Incentive Fees

     270        9,124        (8,854     -97
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

     7,188        28,971        (21,783     -75
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income (Loss)

        

Realized

     (2,974     2,237        (5,211     N/M   

Unrealized

     (17,561     6,887        (24,448     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income (Loss)

     (20,535     9,124        (29,659     N/M   

Interest and Dividend Revenue

     6,748        5,651        1,097        19

Other

     (1,364     3,493        (4,857     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

     109,711        165,875        (56,164     -34
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

        

Compensation and Benefits

        

Compensation

     52,382        49,877        2,505        5

Performance Fee Compensation

        

Realized

        

Carried Interest

     —          6,270        (6,270     -100

Incentive Fees

     10,127        8,401        1,726        21

Unrealized

        

Carried Interest

     (6,998     (5,656     (1,342     24

Incentive Fees

     485        6,735        (6,250     -93
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

     55,996        65,627        (9,631     -15

Other Operating Expenses

     26,220        21,836        4,384        20
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

     82,216        87,463        (5,247     -6
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Economic Income

   $ 27,495      $ 78,412      $ (50,917     -65
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

N/M Not meaningful.

 

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Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2015

Revenues

Revenues were $109.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $56.2 million, compared to $165.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The decrease in revenues was primarily attributable to a decrease of $29.7 million in Investment Income (Loss) and a decrease of $21.8 million in Total Performance Fees.

Although showing signs of improvement toward the end of the first quarter of 2016, credit markets continued to experience significant volatility in the first quarter, impacting the marks in our distressed strategies. High yield spreads peaked in mid-February, later compressing by more than 150 basis points, primary credit market activity picked up in the last several weeks of the quarter after very limited primary issuance in January and February, and liquidity declined dramatically. Energy and commodity prices, which rallied at the end of the quarter, remain at low levels, negatively impacting our energy holdings, and as a result, the performance in our performing credit and distressed credit strategies. Continued periods of market pressure and volatility and depressed energy prices may further negatively impact these marks and revenues in our Credit segment. Continued market dislocation, however, allowed our Credit segment to build on its deal pipeline for rescue lending and mezzanine strategies and create investment opportunities, as $568.7 million of total capital was deployed across the segment in the first quarter of 2016.

Investment Income (Loss) was $(20.5) million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $29.7 million compared to $9.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, primarily due to greater Unrealized Investment Losses. Unrealized Investment Income (Loss) was $(17.6) million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $24.4 million, compared to $6.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, primarily due to losses in European CLOs, hedge fund strategies, and long only funds.

Performance Fees were $7.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $21.8 million compared to $29.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. This change was primarily attributable to lower returns in certain alternative strategies funds. The composite net returns of Blackstone’s Credit segment funds for the three months ended March 31, 2016 were -0.4% for Performing Credit Strategies and -3.9% for Distressed Strategies.

Expenses

Expenses were $82.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, a decrease of $5.2 million compared to $87.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The decrease in expenses was attributable to a decrease of $9.6 million in Compensation, partially offset by an increase of $4.4 million in Other Operating Expenses. The decrease in Compensation was largely due to the decrease in Performance Fee Revenue. The increase in Other Operating Expenses was primarily due to an increase in interest and other expense allocations to the segment.

Fund Returns

Fund return information for our significant businesses is included throughout this discussion and analysis to facilitate an understanding of our results of operations for the periods presented. The fund returns information reflected in this discussion and analysis is not indicative of the financial performance of The Blackstone Group L.P. and is also not necessarily indicative of the future results of any particular fund. An investment in The Blackstone Group L.P. is not an investment in any of our funds. There can be no assurance that any of our funds or our other existing and future funds will achieve similar returns.

Effective March 31, 2016, the Credit segment’s returns reflect composite returns for funds included within each alternative strategy as set forth below. Previously, these returns were presented as hedge fund, mezzanine and rescue lending strategies and were changed to better categorize the strategies of the funds. The historical returns presented in the tables have been updated to conform to the current presentation.

 

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The following table presents combined internal rates of return of the segment’s Performing Credit and Distressed Strategies funds:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,      March 31,  2016
Inception to Date
 
     2016      2015     

Composite (a)

   Gross      Net      Gross      Net      Gross      Net  

Performing Credit (b)

     0.6      -0.4      3.4      2.3      21      14

Distressed Strategies (c)

     -3.3      -3.9      1.0      0.7      10      6

The returns presented herein represent those of the applicable Blackstone Funds and not those of The Blackstone Group L.P.

 

(a) Net returns are based on the change in carrying value (realized and unrealized) after management fees, expenses and performance fee allocations, net of tax advances.
(b) Performing Credit Strategies include mezzanine lending funds, BDCs and other performing credit strategy funds. Performing Credit Strategies’ returns represent the IRR of the combined cash flows of the fee-earning funds exceeding $100 million of fair value at each respective quarter end excluding the Blackstone Funds that were contributed to GSO as part of Blackstone’s acquisition of GSO in March 2008. The inception to date returns are from July 16, 2007.
(c) Distressed Strategies include rescue lending funds, distressed hedge funds and energy strategies. Distressed Strategies’ returns represent the IRR of the combined cash flows of the fee-earning funds exceeding $100 million of fair value at each respective quarter end. The inception to date returns are from August 1, 2005.

As of March 31, 2016, there was $20.7 billion of Performance Fee eligible assets under management invested in Credit strategies that were above the hurdle necessary to generate Incentive Fees or Carried Interest. This represented 64% of the total Performance Fee eligible assets at fair value across all Credit strategies.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

General

Blackstone’s business model derives revenue primarily from third party assets under management. Blackstone is not a capital or balance sheet intensive business and targets operating expense levels such that total management and advisory fees exceed total operating expenses each period. As a result, we require limited capital resources to support the working capital or operating needs of our businesses. We draw primarily on the long-term committed capital of our limited partner investors to fund the investment requirements of the Blackstone Funds and use our own realizations and cash flows to invest in growth initiatives, make commitments to our own funds, where our minimum general partner commitments are generally less than 5% of the limited partner commitments of a fund, and pay distributions to unitholders.

Fluctuations in our statement of financial condition result primarily from activities of the Blackstone Funds which are consolidated as well as business transactions, such as the issuance of senior notes described below. The majority economic ownership interests of the Blackstone Funds are reflected as Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities and Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The consolidation of these Blackstone Funds has no net effect on the Partnership’s Net Income or Partners’ Capital. Additionally, fluctuations in our statement of financial condition also include appreciation or depreciation in Blackstone investments in the Blackstone Funds, additional investments and redemptions of such interests in the Blackstone Funds and the collection of receivables related to management and advisory fees.

Total assets were $22.1 billion as of March 31, 2016, down $475.2 million from December 31, 2015. Total liabilities were $10.1 billion as of March 31, 2016, down $155.8 million from December 31, 2015.

 

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For the three months ended March 31, 2016, we had Total Fee Related Revenues of $607.0 million and related expenses of $387.5 million, generating Fee Related Earnings of $219.5 million and Distributable Earnings of $388.0 million.

Sources of Liquidity

We have multiple sources of liquidity to meet our capital needs, including annual cash flows, accumulated earnings in the businesses, investments in our own Treasury and liquid funds and access to our debt capacity, including our $1.1 billion committed revolving credit facility and the proceeds from our issuances of senior notes. As of March 31, 2016, Blackstone had $1.4 billion in cash and cash equivalents, $2.0 billion invested in Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies, $2.2 billion invested in liquid and illiquid Blackstone Funds and other investments, against $2.8 billion in borrowings from our bond issuances, and no borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility.

In addition to the cash we received from our debt offerings and availability under our committed revolving credit facility, we expect to receive (a) cash generated from operating activities, (b) Carried Interest and incentive income realizations, and (c) realizations on the carry and hedge fund investments that we make. The amounts received from these three sources in particular may vary substantially from year to year and quarter to quarter depending on the frequency and size of realization events or net returns experienced by our investment funds. Our available capital could be adversely affected if there are prolonged periods of few substantial realizations from our investment funds accompanied by substantial capital calls for new investments from those investment funds. Therefore, Blackstone’s commitments to our funds are taken into consideration when managing our overall liquidity and cash position.

We use Distributable Earnings, which is derived from our segment reported results, as a supplemental non-GAAP measure to assess performance and amounts available for distributions to Blackstone unitholders, including Blackstone personnel and others who are limited partners of the Blackstone Holdings Partnerships. Distributable Earnings is intended to show the amount of net realized earnings without the effects of the consolidation of the Blackstone Funds. Distributable Earnings is derived from and reconciled to, but not equivalent to, its most directly comparable GAAP measure of Income (Loss) Before Provision for Taxes. Distributable Earnings, which is a component of Economic Net Income, is the sum across all segments of: (a) Total Management and Advisory Fees, (b) Interest and Dividend Revenue, (c) Other Revenue, (d) Realized Performance Fees, and (e) Realized Investment Income (Loss); less (a) Compensation, excluding the expense of equity-based awards, (b) Realized Performance Fee Compensation, (c) Other Operating Expenses, and (d) Taxes and Related Payables including the Payable Under Tax Receivable Agreement.

 

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The following table calculates Blackstone’s Fee Related Earnings, Distributable Earnings and Economic Net Income:

 

 

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(a) Represents the total segment amounts of the respective captions. See Note 18. “Segment Reporting” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing.
(b) Detail on this amount is included in the table below.
(c) Represents the current tax provision (benefit) calculated on Income (Loss) Before Provision (Benefit) for Taxes and the Payable Under Tax Receivable Agreement.
(d) Represents equity-based award expense included in Economic Income, which excludes all transaction-related equity-based charges.

 

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(e) Represents tax-related payables including the Payable Under Tax Receivable Agreement, which is a component of Taxes and Related Payables.

The following calculates the components of Fee Related Earnings, Distributable Earnings and Economic Net Income in the above table identified by note (b):

 

 

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(a) Represents the total segment amounts of the respective captions. See Note 18. “Segment Reporting” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing.
(b) Represents equity-based award expense included in Economic Income, which excludes all transaction-related equity-based charges.
(c) Taxes and Related Payables Including Payable Under Tax Receivable Agreement represent the current tax provision (benefit) calculated on Income (Loss) Before Provision (Benefit) for Taxes and the Payable Under Tax Receivable Agreement.
(d) Represents tax-related payables including the Payable Under Tax Receivable Agreement, which is a component of Taxes and Related Payables.

 

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The following table is a reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to The Blackstone Group L.P. to Economic Income, of Economic Income to Economic Net Income, of Economic Net Income to Fee Related Earnings, of Fee Related Earnings to Distributable Earnings and of Distributable Earnings to Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes and Depreciation and Amortization:

 

 

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(a) This adjustment adds back to Income (Loss) Before Provision (Benefit) for Taxes amounts for Transaction-Related Charges which include principally equity-based compensation charges associated with Blackstone’s IPO and long-term retention programs outside of annual deferred compensation and other corporate actions.
(b) This adjustment adds back to Income (Loss) Before Provision (Benefit) for Taxes amounts for the Amortization of Intangibles which are associated with Blackstone’s IPO and other corporate actions.
(c) This adjustment adds back to Income (Loss) Before Provision (Benefit) for Taxes the amount of (Income) Loss Associated with Non-Controlling Interests of Consolidated Entities and includes the amount of Management Fee Revenues associated with consolidated CLO entities.
(d) Taxes represent the current tax provision (benefit) calculated on Income (Loss) Before Provision (Benefit) for Taxes.
(e) This adjustment removes from EI the total segment amount of Performance Fees.
(f) This adjustment removes from EI the total segment amount of Investment Income (Loss).
(g) This adjustment represents Interest Income and Dividend Revenue less Interest Expense.
(h) This adjustment removes from expenses the compensation and benefit amounts related to Blackstone’s profit sharing plans related to Performance Fees.
(i) Represents the adjustment for realized Performance Fees net of corresponding actual amounts due under Blackstone’s profit sharing plans related thereto. Equals the sum of Net Realized Incentive Fees and Net Realized Carried Interest.
(j) Represents the adjustment for Blackstone’s Realized Investment Income (Loss).
(k) Taxes and Related Payables Including Payable Under Tax Receivable Agreement represent the current tax provision (benefit) calculated on Income (Loss) Before Provision (Benefit) for Taxes and the Payable Under Tax Receivable Agreement.
(l) Represents equity-based award expense included in EI, which excludes all transaction-related equity-based charges.

 

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Liquidity Needs

We expect that our primary liquidity needs will be cash to (a) provide capital to facilitate the growth of our existing businesses which principally includes funding our general partner and co-investment commitments to our funds, (b) provide capital to facilitate our expansion into new businesses that are complementary, (c) pay operating expenses, including cash compensation to our employees and other obligations as they arise, (d) fund modest capital expenditures, (e) repay borrowings and related interest costs, (f) pay income taxes, and (g) make distributions to our unitholders and the holders of Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units. Our own capital commitments to our funds, the funds we invest in and our investment strategies as of March 31, 2016 consisted of the following:

 

    Blackstone and
General Partner
     Senior Managing Directors
and Certain Other
Professionals (a)
 

Fund

  Original
Commitment
     Remaining
Commitment
     Original
Commitment
     Remaining
Commitment
 
    (Dollars in Thousands)  

Private Equity

          

BCP VII

  $ 500,000       $ 500,000       $ 225,000       $ 225,000   

BCP VI

    719,718         175,848         250,000         61,082   

BCP V

    629,356         40,519         —           —     

BEP I

    50,000         5,098         —           —     

BEP II

    80,000         79,630         26,667         26,543   

BCEP

    19,500         19,500         —           —     

Tactical Opportunities

    235,728         122,169         49,839         25,829   

Strategic Partners

    201,698         134,766         20,294         11,728   

Other (c)

    209,655         12,621         —           —     

Real Estate

          

BREP VIII

    300,000         201,105         100,000         67,035   

BREP VII

    300,000         53,785         100,000         17,928   

BREP VI

    750,000         38,840         150,000         7,768   

BREP Europe III

    100,000         13,231         35,000         4,631   

BREP Europe IV

    130,000         36,797         43,333         12,266   

BREP Europe V

    130,000         130,000         43,333         43,333   

BREP Asia

    50,392         23,047         16,797         7,682   

BREDS II

    50,000         26,806         16,667         8,935   

BREDS III

    50,000         50,000         16,667         16,667   

CT Opportunity Partners I (b)

    25,000         24,215         —           —     

Other (c)

    122,138         29,982         —           —     

Hedge Fund Solutions

          

Strategic Alliance

    50,000         2,033         —           —     

Strategic Alliance II

    50,000         1,482         —           —     

Strategic Alliance III

    2,000         2,000         —           —     

Strategic Holdings LP

    50,000         45,847         —           —     

Other (c)

    800         289         —           —     

Credit

          

Capital Opportunities Fund II LP

    120,000         56,634         109,979         51,905   

GSO Capital Solutions II

    125,000         86,636         119,537         82,850   

Blackstone/GSO Capital Solutions

    50,000         9,462         27,666         5,236   

BMezz II

    17,692         3,085         —           —     

GSO Credit Alpha Fund LP

    52,102         34,852         1,911         1,278   

GSO Euro Senior Debt Fund LP

    63,000         59,842         56,811         53,963   

GSO Energy Select Opportunities Fund

    80,000         73,750         74,682         68,847   

Other (c)

    87,833         41,914         15,027         8,376   

Other

          

Treasury

    186,603         16,538         —           —     
 

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

  $ 5,588,215       $ 2,152,323       $ 1,499,210       $ 808,882   
 

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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(a) For some of the general partner commitments shown in the table above, we require our senior managing directors and certain other professionals to fund a portion of the commitment even though the ultimate obligation to fund the aggregate commitment is ours pursuant to the governing agreements of the respective funds. The amounts of the aggregate applicable general partner original and remaining commitment are shown in the table above. In addition, certain senior managing directors and other professionals are required to fund a de minimis amount of the commitment in the other private equity, real estate and credit-focused carry funds. We expect our commitments to be drawn down over time and to be funded by available cash and cash generated from operations and realizations. Taking into account prevailing market conditions and both the liquidity and cash or liquid investment balances, we believe that the sources of liquidity described above will be more than sufficient to fund our working capital requirements.
(b) Represents a legacy fund managed by us as a result of the 2012 acquisition of the investment advisory business of BXMT.
(c) Represents capital commitments to a number of other funds in each respective segment.

Blackstone, through indirect subsidiaries, has a $1.1 billion unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) with Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent with a maturity date of May 29, 2019. Borrowings may also be made in U.K. sterling, euros, Swiss francs or Japanese yen, in each case subject to certain sub-limits. The Credit Facility contains customary representations, covenants and events of default. Financial covenants consist of a maximum net leverage ratio and a requirement to keep a minimum amount of fee-earning assets under management, each tested quarterly.

In August 2009, Blackstone Holdings Finance Co. L.L.C. issued $600 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.625% Senior Notes which will mature on August 15, 2019, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. In September 2010, Blackstone Holdings Finance Co. L.L.C. issued $400 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.875% Senior Notes which will mature on March 15, 2021, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. In August 2012, Blackstone Holdings Finance Co. L.L.C. issued $400 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.75% Senior Notes which will mature on February 15, 2023 and $250 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.25% Senior Notes which will mature on August 15, 2042. In April 2014, Blackstone Holdings Finance Co. L.L.C. issued $500 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.000% Senior Notes which will mature on June 15, 2044, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. In April 2015, Blackstone Holdings Finance Co. L.L.C. issued $350 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.450% Senior Notes which will mature on July 15, 2045, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. In May 2015, Blackstone Holdings Finance Co. L.L.C. issued €300 million in aggregate principal amount of 2.000% Senior Notes which will mature on May 19, 2025, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. (These Senior Notes are collectively referred to as the “Notes”.) The Notes are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of Blackstone Holdings Finance Co. L.L.C. and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, by The Blackstone Group L.P. and each of the Blackstone Holdings Partnerships. The Notes contain customary covenants and financial restrictions that, among other things, limit Blackstone Holdings Finance Co. L.L.C. and the guarantors’ ability, subject to certain exceptions, to incur indebtedness secured by liens on voting stock or profit participating equity interests of their subsidiaries or merge, consolidate or sell, transfer or lease assets. The Notes also contain customary events of default. All or a portion of the Notes may be redeemed at our option, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time, prior to their stated maturity, at the make-whole redemption price set forth in the Notes. If a change of control repurchase event occurs, the Notes are subject to repurchase at the repurchase price as set forth in the Notes.

In January 2008, the Board of Directors of our general partner, Blackstone Group Management L.L.C., authorized the repurchase of up to $500 million of our common units and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units. Under this unit repurchase program, units may be repurchased from time to time in open market transactions, in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. The timing and the actual number of Blackstone common units and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units repurchased will depend on a variety of factors, including legal requirements, price and economic and market conditions. This unit repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time and does not have a specified expiration date. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, no units were repurchased. As of March 31, 2016, the amount remaining under this program available for repurchases was $335.8 million.

 

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Distributions

Distributable Earnings, which is derived from Blackstone’s segment reported results, is a supplemental measure to assess performance and amounts available for distributions to Blackstone unitholders, including Blackstone personnel and others who are limited partners of the Blackstone Holdings Partnerships. Distributable Earnings is intended to show the amount of net realized earnings without the effects of the consolidation of the Blackstone Funds. Distributable Earnings, which is a component of Economic Net Income, is the sum across all segments of: (a) Total Management and Advisory Fees, (b) Interest and Dividend Revenue, (c) Other Revenue, (d) Realized Performance Fees, and (e) Realized Investment Income (Loss); less (a) Compensation, excluding the expense of equity-based awards, (b) Realized Performance Fee Compensation, (c) Other Operating Expenses, and (d) Taxes and Related Payables Including the Payable Under Tax Receivable Agreement.

Our intention is to distribute quarterly to common unitholders approximately 85% of The Blackstone Group L.P.’s share of Distributable Earnings, subject to adjustment by amounts determined by Blackstone’s general partner to be necessary or appropriate to provide for the conduct of its business, to make appropriate investments in its business and funds, to comply with applicable law, any of its debt instruments or other agreements, or to provide for future cash requirements such as tax-related payments, clawback obligations and distributions to unitholders for any ensuing quarter. The amount to be distributed could also be adjusted upward in any one quarter.

All of the foregoing is subject to the qualification that the declaration and payment of any distributions are at the sole discretion of our general partner and our general partner may change our distribution policy at any time, including, without limitation, to reduce the quarterly distribution payable to our common unitholders or even to eliminate such distributions entirely.

Because the subsidiaries of The Blackstone Group L.P. must pay taxes and make payments under the tax receivable agreements, the amounts ultimately distributed by The Blackstone Group L.P. to its common unitholders in respect of each fiscal year are expected to be less, on a per unit basis, than the amounts distributed by the Blackstone Holdings Partnerships to the Blackstone personnel and others who are limited partners of the Blackstone Holdings Partnerships in respect of their Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units.

 

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The following chart shows fiscal quarterly and annual per common unitholder distributions for 2015 and 2016. Distributions are declared and paid in the quarter subsequent to the quarter in which they are earned.

 

 

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With respect to the first quarter of fiscal year 2016, we have paid to common unitholders a distribution of $0.28 per common unit. With respect to fiscal year 2015, we paid common unitholders aggregate distributions of $2.73 per common unit.

Leverage

We may under certain circumstances use leverage opportunistically and over time to create the most efficient capital structure for Blackstone and our public common unitholders. In addition to the borrowings from our bond issuances and our revolving credit facility, our Treasury Cash Management Strategies may use reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements and securities sold, not yet purchased. All of these positions are held in a separately managed portfolio. Reverse repurchase agreements are entered into primarily to take advantage of opportunistic yields otherwise absent in the overnight markets and also to use the collateral received to cover securities sold, not yet purchased. Repurchase agreements are entered into primarily to opportunistically yield higher spreads on purchased securities. The balances held in these financial instruments fluctuate based on Blackstone’s liquidity needs, market conditions and investment risk profiles.

Generally our private equity funds, real estate funds, funds of hedge funds and credit-focused funds have not utilized substantial leverage at the fund level other than for (a) short-term borrowings between the date of an investment and the receipt of capital from the investing fund’s investors, and (b) long-term borrowings for certain investments in aggregate amounts which are generally 1% to 20% of the capital commitments of the respective fund. Our carry funds make direct or indirect investments in companies that utilize leverage in their capital structure. The degree of leverage employed varies among portfolio companies.

 

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Certain of our Real Estate debt hedge funds, Hedge Fund Solutions and Credit funds use leverage in order to obtain additional market exposure, enhance returns on invested capital and/or to bridge short-term cash needs. The forms of leverage primarily employed by these funds include purchasing securities on margin, utilizing collateralized financing and using derivative instruments.

The following table presents information regarding these financial instruments in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition:

 

     Reverse
Repurchase
Agreements
     Repurchase
Agreements
     Securities
Sold, Not Yet
Purchased
 
     (Dollars in Millions)  

Balance, March 31, 2016

   $ 45.3       $ 49.5       $ 105.9   

Balance, December 31, 2015

   $ 204.9       $ 40.9       $ 176.7   

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

        

Average Daily Balance

   $ 65.9       $ 65.6       $ 130.2   

Maximum Daily Balance

   $ 230.9       $ 95.0       $ 189.5   

Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Contingencies

The following table sets forth information relating to our contractual obligations as of March 31, 2016 on a consolidated basis and on a basis deconsolidating the Blackstone Funds:

 

Contractual Obligations

  April 1, 2016 to
December 31, 2016
    2017-2018     2019-2020     Thereafter     Total  
    (Dollars in Thousands)  

Operating Lease Obligations (a)

  $ 57,746      $ 148,619      $ 132,683      $ 491,025      $ 830,073   

Purchase Obligations

    21,745        21,524        6,117        —          49,386   

Blackstone Issued Notes and Revolving Credit Facility (b)

    —          —          585,000        2,240,140        2,825,140   

Interest on Blackstone Issued Notes and Revolving Credit Facility (c)

    108,248        288,518        249,762        1,413,889        2,060,417   

Blackstone Funds and CLO Vehicles Debt Obligations Payable (d)

    4,253        538,555        —          3,481,979        4,024,787   

Interest on Blackstone Funds and CLO Vehicles Debt Obligations Payable (e)

    58,502        141,746        135,618        484,308        820,174   

Blackstone Funds Capital Commitments to Investee Funds (f)

    22,931        —          —          —          22,931   

Due to Certain Non-Controlling Interest Holders in Connection with Tax Receivable Agreements (g)

    —          157,125        168,241        845,377        1,170,743   

Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Including Interest and Penalties (h)

    5,758        —          —          —          5,758   

Blackstone Operating Entities Capital Commitments to Blackstone Funds and Other (i)

    2,152,323        —          —          —          2,152,323   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Consolidated Contractual Obligations

    2,431,506        1,296,087        1,277,421        8,956,718        13,961,732   

Blackstone Funds and CLO Vehicles Debt Obligations Payable (d)

    (4,253     (538,555     —          (3,481,979     (4,024,787

Interest on Blackstone Funds and CLO Vehicles Debt Obligations Payable (e)

    (58,502     (141,746     (135,618     (484,308     (820,174

Blackstone Funds Capital Commitments to Investee Funds (f)

    (22,931     —          —          —          (22,931
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Blackstone Operating Entities Contractual Obligations

  $ 2,345,820      $ 615,786      $ 1,141,803      $ 4,990,431      $ 9,093,840   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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(a) We lease our primary office space and certain office equipment under agreements that expire through 2032. In connection with certain office space lease agreements, we are responsible for escalation payments. The contractual obligation table above includes only guaranteed minimum lease payments for such leases and does not project potential escalation or other lease-related payments. These leases are classified as operating leases for financial statement purposes and as such are not recorded as liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The amounts are presented net of contractual sublease commitments.
(b) Represents the principal amount due on the senior notes we issued. As of March 31, 2016, we had no outstanding borrowings under our revolver.
(c) Represents interest to be paid over the maturity of our senior notes and borrowings under our revolving credit facility which has been calculated assuming no pre-payments are made and debt is held until its final maturity date. These amounts exclude commitment fees for unutilized borrowings under our revolver.
(d) These obligations are those of the Blackstone Funds including the consolidated CLO vehicles.
(e) Represents interest to be paid over the maturity of the related consolidated Blackstone Funds’ and CLO vehicles’ debt obligations which has been calculated assuming no pre-payments will be made and debt will be held until its final maturity date. The future interest payments are calculated using variable rates in effect as of March 31, 2016, at spreads to market rates pursuant to the financing agreements, and range from 0.3% to 7.0%. The majority of the borrowings are due on demand and for purposes of this schedule are assumed to mature within one year. Interest on the majority of these borrowings rolls over into the principal balance at each reset date.
(f) These obligations represent commitments of the consolidated Blackstone Funds to make capital contributions to investee funds and portfolio companies. These amounts are generally due on demand and are therefore presented in the less than one year category.
(g) Represents obligations by the Partnership’s corporate subsidiary to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreements to certain non-controlling interest holders for the tax savings realized from the taxable purchases of their interests in connection with the reorganization at the time of Blackstone’s IPO in 2007 and subsequent purchases. The obligation represents the amount of the payments currently expected to be made, which are dependent on the tax savings actually realized as determined annually without discounting for the timing of the payments. As required by GAAP, the amount of the obligation included in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and shown in Note 16. “Related Party Transactions” (see “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements”) differs to reflect the net present value of the payments due to certain non-controlling interest holders.
(h) The total represents gross unrecognized tax benefits of $3.3 million and interest and penalties of $2.5 million. In addition, Blackstone is not able to make a reasonably reliable estimate of the timing of payments in individual years in connection with gross unrecognized benefits of $12.9 million and interest of $5.3 million; therefore, such amounts are not included in the above contractual obligations table.
(i) These obligations represent commitments by us to provide general partner capital funding to the Blackstone Funds, limited partner capital funding to other funds and Blackstone principal investment commitments. These amounts are generally due on demand and are therefore presented in the less than one year category; however, a substantial amount of the capital commitments are expected to be called over the next three years. We expect to continue to make these general partner capital commitments as we raise additional amounts for our investment funds over time.

In connection with the spin-off of our financial and strategic advisory services, restructuring and reorganization advisory service and Park Hill group businesses, certain of the Blackstone equity awards held by PJT Partners’ personnel who remained employed with PJT Partners through the spin-off were converted into equity awards of PJT Partners. As described under “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions — Agreements with Blackstone Related to the Spin-Off — Employee Matters Agreement” in the Form 10 filed by PJT Partners Inc. on September 3, 2015, if in the first 180 calendar days following the spin-off the value of the PJT Partners’ personnel’s converted equity award is less than the value that the relinquished Blackstone award would have had over the same period, Blackstone will pay (in cash, Blackstone equity or PJT Partners equity, at Blackstone’s discretion) certain “true-up” awards to PJT Partners’ personnel. The 180 calendar day period ended on March 28, 2016. As a result, $5.4 million is payable by Blackstone pursuant to this “true-up” requirement.

 

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Guarantees

Blackstone and certain of its consolidated funds provide financial guarantees. The amounts and nature of these guarantees are described in Note 17. “Commitments and Contingencies — Contingencies — Guarantees” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing.

Indemnifications

In many of its service contracts, Blackstone agrees to indemnify the third party service provider under certain circumstances. The terms of the indemnities vary from contract to contract and the amount of indemnification liability, if any, cannot be determined and has not been included in the table above or recorded in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of March 31, 2016.

Clawback Obligations

Carried Interest is subject to clawback to the extent that the Carried Interest received to date with respect to a fund exceeds the amount due to Blackstone based on cumulative results of that fund. The actual clawback liability, however, generally does not become realized until the end of a fund’s life except for certain Blackstone real estate funds, multi-asset class investment funds and credit-focused funds, which may have an interim clawback liability. The lives of the carry funds, including available contemplated extensions, for which a liability for potential clawback obligations has been recorded for financial reporting purposes, are currently anticipated to expire at various points through 2028. Further extensions of such terms may be implemented under given circumstances.

For financial reporting purposes, the general partners have recorded a liability for potential clawback obligations to the limited partners of some of the carry funds due to changes in the unrealized value of a fund’s remaining investments and where the fund’s general partner has previously received Carried Interest distributions with respect to such fund’s realized investments.

As of March 31, 2016, the total clawback obligations were $6.3 million, of which $3.6 million related to Blackstone Holdings and $2.7 million related to current and former Blackstone personnel. If, at March 31, 2016, all of the investments held by our carry funds were deemed worthless, a possibility that management views as remote, the amount of Carried Interest subject to potential clawback would be $4.6 billion, on an after tax basis where applicable, of which $4.2 billion related to Blackstone Holdings and $432.0 million related to current and former Blackstone personnel. (See Note 16. “Related Party Transactions” and Note 17. “Commitments and Contingencies” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing.)

Critical Accounting Policies

We prepare our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP. In applying many of these accounting principles, we need to make assumptions, estimates and/or judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses in our condensed consolidated financial statements. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. These assumptions, estimates and/or judgments, however, are often subjective. Actual results may be affected negatively based on changing circumstances. If actual amounts are ultimately different from our estimates, the revisions are included in our results of operations for the period in which the actual amounts become known. We believe the following critical accounting policies could potentially produce materially different results if we were to change underlying assumptions, estimates and/or judgments. (See Note 2. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing.)

Principles of Consolidation

The Partnership consolidates all entities that it controls through a majority voting interest or otherwise, including those Blackstone Funds in which the general partner has a controlling financial interest. The Partnership

 

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has a controlling interest in Blackstone Holdings because the limited partners do not have the right to dissolve the partnerships or have substantive kick out rights or participating rights that would overcome the presumption of control by the Partnership. Accordingly, the Partnership consolidates Blackstone Holdings and records non-controlling interests to reflect the economic interests of the limited partners of Blackstone Holdings.

In addition, the Partnership consolidates all variable interest entities (“VIE”) in which it is the primary beneficiary. An enterprise is determined to be the primary beneficiary if it holds a controlling financial interest. A controlling financial interest is defined as (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The consolidation guidance requires an analysis to determine (a) whether an entity in which the Partnership holds a variable interest is a VIE and (b) whether the Partnership’s involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (for example, management and performance related fees), would give it a controlling financial interest. Performance of that analysis requires the exercise of judgment.

The Partnership determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time it becomes involved with a variable interest entity and reconsiders that conclusion continually. In evaluating whether the Partnership is the primary beneficiary, Blackstone evaluates its economic interests in the entity held either directly or indirectly by the Partnership. The consolidation analysis can generally be performed qualitatively; however, if it is not readily apparent that the Partnership is not the primary beneficiary, a quantitative analysis may also be performed. Investments and redemptions (either by the Partnership, affiliates of the Partnership or third parties) or amendments to the governing documents of the respective Blackstone Funds could affect an entity’s status as a VIE or the determination of the primary beneficiary. At each reporting date, the Partnership assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary and will consolidate or deconsolidate accordingly.

Assets of consolidated VIEs that can only be used to settle obligations of the consolidated VIE and liabilities of a consolidated VIE for which creditors (or beneficial interest holders) do not have recourse to the general credit of Blackstone are presented in a separate section in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues primarily consist of management and advisory fees, performance fees, investment income, interest and dividend revenue and other. Please refer to “Part I. Item 1. Business — Incentive Arrangements / Fee Structure” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 for additional information regarding the manner in which Base Management Fees and Performance Fees are generated.

Management and Advisory Fees, Net – Management and Advisory Fees, Net are comprised of management fees, including base management fees, transaction and other fees, advisory fees and management fee reductions and offsets.

The Partnership earns base management fees from limited partners of funds in each of its managed funds, at a fixed percentage of assets under management, net asset value, total assets, committed capital or invested capital, or in some cases, a fixed fee. Base management fees are recognized based on contractual terms specified in the underlying investment advisory agreements. The range of management fee rates and the calculation base from which they are earned, generally, are as follows:

On private equity, real estate and certain credit-focused funds:

 

   

0.25% to 2.00% of committed capital or invested capital during the investment period,

 

   

0.25% to 1.75% of invested capital or investment fair value subsequent to the investment period for private equity and real estate funds, and

 

   

1.00% to 1.50% of invested capital or net asset value subsequent to the investment period for certain credit-focused funds.

 

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On real estate and credit-focused funds structured like hedge funds:

 

   

1.50% of net asset value.

On credit-focused separately managed accounts:

 

   

0.35% to 1.35% of net asset value.

On real estate separately managed accounts:

 

   

0.50% to 2.00% of invested capital, net operating income or net asset value.

On funds of hedge funds and separately managed accounts invested in hedge funds:

 

   

0.50% to 1.25% of net asset value.

On CLO vehicles:

 

   

0.40% to 0.65% of total assets.

On credit-focused registered and non-registered investment companies:

 

   

0.35% to 1.50% of fund assets or net asset value.

The investment adviser of BXMT receives annual management fees based upon 1.50% of BXMT’s net proceeds received from equity offerings and accumulated “core earnings” (which is generally equal to its GAAP net income excluding certain non-cash and other items), subject to certain adjustments.

Transaction and other fees (including monitoring fees) are fees charged directly to managed funds and portfolio companies. The investment advisory agreements generally require that the investment adviser reduce the amount of management fees payable by the limited partners to the Partnership by an amount equal to a portion of the transaction and other fees directly paid to the Partnership by the portfolio companies. We refer to these amounts as management fee reductions. The amount of the reduction varies by fund, the type of fee paid by the portfolio company and the previously incurred expenses of the fund.

Management fee offsets are reductions to management fees payable by the limited partners of the Blackstone Funds, which are granted based on the amount such limited partners reimburse the Blackstone Funds for placement fees.

Advisory fees consist of advisory retainer and transaction-based fee arrangements related to capital markets services. Advisory retainer fees are recognized when services for the transactions are complete, in accordance with terms set forth in individual agreements. Transaction-based fees are recognized when (a) there is evidence of an arrangement with a client, (b) agreed upon services have been provided, (c) fees are fixed or determinable, and (d) collection is reasonably assured.

Accrued but unpaid Management and Advisory Fees, net of management fee reductions and management fee offsets, as of the reporting date are included in Accounts Receivable or Due from Affiliates in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Management fees paid by limited partners to the Blackstone Funds and passed on to Blackstone are not considered affiliate revenues.

Performance Fees — Performance Fees earned on the performance of Blackstone’s hedge fund structures (“Incentive Fees”) are recognized based on fund performance during the period, subject to the achievement of minimum return levels, or high water marks, in accordance with the respective terms set out in each hedge fund’s governing agreements. Accrued but unpaid Incentive Fees charged directly to investors in Blackstone’s offshore hedge funds as of the reporting date are recorded within Due from Affiliates in the Condensed Consolidated

 

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Statements of Financial Condition. Accrued but unpaid Incentive Fees on onshore funds as of the reporting date are reflected in Investments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Incentive Fees are realized at the end of a measurement period, typically annually. Once realized, such fees are not subject to clawback or reversal.

In certain fund structures, specifically in private equity, real estate and certain Hedge Fund Solutions and credit-focused funds (“Carry Funds”), performance fees (“Carried Interest”) are allocated to the general partner based on cumulative fund performance to date, subject to a preferred return to limited partners. At the end of each reporting period, the Partnership calculates the Carried Interest that would be due to the Partnership for each fund, pursuant to the fund agreements, as if the fair value of the underlying investments were realized as of such date, irrespective of whether such amounts have been realized. As the fair value of underlying investments varies between reporting periods, it is necessary to make adjustments to amounts recorded as Carried Interest to reflect either (a) positive performance resulting in an increase in the Carried Interest allocated to the general partner or (b) negative performance that would cause the amount due to the Partnership to be less than the amount previously recognized as revenue, resulting in a negative adjustment to Carried Interest allocated to the general partner. In each scenario, it is necessary to calculate the Carried Interest on cumulative results compared to the Carried Interest recorded to date and make the required positive or negative adjustments. The Partnership ceases to record negative Carried Interest allocations once previously recognized Carried Interest allocations for such fund have been fully reversed. The Partnership is not obligated to pay guaranteed returns or hurdles, and therefore, cannot have negative Carried Interest over the life of a fund. Accrued but unpaid Carried Interest as of the reporting date is reflected in Investments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Carried Interest is realized when an underlying investment is profitably disposed of and the fund’s cumulative returns are in excess of the preferred return or, in limited instances, after certain thresholds for return of capital are met. Carried Interest is subject to clawback to the extent that the Carried Interest received to date exceeds the amount due to Blackstone based on cumulative results. As such, the accrual for potential repayment of previously received Carried Interest, which is a component of Due to Affiliates, represents all amounts previously distributed to Blackstone Holdings and non-controlling interest holders that would need to be repaid to the Blackstone Funds if the Blackstone Carry Funds were to be liquidated based on the current fair value of the underlying funds’ investments as of the reporting date. The actual clawback liability, however, generally does not become realized until the end of a fund’s life except for certain funds, including certain Blackstone real estate funds, multi-asset class investment funds and credit-focused funds, which may have an interim clawback liability.

Investment Income (Loss) — Investment Income (Loss) represents the unrealized and realized gains and losses on the Partnership’s principal investments, including its investments in Blackstone Funds that are not consolidated, its equity method investments and other principal investments. Investment Income (Loss) is realized when the Partnership redeems all or a portion of its investment or when the Partnership receives cash income, such as dividends or distributions. Unrealized Investment Income (Loss) results from changes in the fair value of the underlying investment as well as the reversal of unrealized gain (loss) at the time an investment is realized.

Interest and Dividend Revenue — Interest and Dividend Revenue comprises primarily interest and dividend income earned on principal investments held by Blackstone.

Other Revenue — Other Revenue consists of miscellaneous income and foreign exchange gains and losses arising on transactions denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars.

Expenses

Our expenses include compensation and benefits expense and general and administrative expenses. Our accounting policies related thereto are as follows:

Compensation and Benefits — Compensation — Compensation and Benefits consists of (a) employee compensation, comprising salary and bonus, and benefits paid and payable to employees and senior managing directors and (b) equity-based compensation associated with the grants of equity-based awards to employees and

 

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senior managing directors. Compensation cost relating to the issuance of equity-based awards to senior managing directors and employees is measured at fair value at the grant date, taking into consideration expected forfeitures, and expensed over the vesting period on a straight-line basis, except in the case of (a) equity-based awards that do not require future service, which are expensed immediately and (b) certain awards to recipients that meet specified criteria making them eligible for retirement treatment (allowing such recipient to keep a percentage of those awards upon departure from Blackstone after becoming eligible for retirement), for which the expense for the portion of the award that would be retained in the event of retirement is either expensed immediately or amortized to the retirement date. Cash settled equity-based awards are classified as liabilities and are remeasured at the end of each reporting period.

Compensation and Benefits — Performance Fee — Performance Fee Compensation consists of Carried Interest (which may be distributed in cash or in kind) and Incentive Fee allocations, and may in future periods also include allocations of investment income from Blackstone’s firm investments, to employees and senior managing directors participating in certain profit sharing initiatives. Such compensation expense is subject to both positive and negative adjustments. Unlike Carried Interest and Incentive Fees, compensation expense is based on the performance of individual investments held by a fund rather than on a fund by fund basis. Compensation received from advisory clients in the form of securities of such clients may also be allocated to employees and senior managing directors.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

GAAP establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of financial instrument, the characteristics specific to the financial instrument and the state of the marketplace, including the existence and transparency of transactions between market participants. Financial instruments with readily available quoted prices in active markets generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.

Financial instruments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed based on the observability of inputs used in the determination of fair values, as follows:

 

   

Level I — Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical financial instruments as of the reporting date. The types of financial instruments in Level I include listed equities, listed derivatives and mutual funds with quoted prices. The Partnership does not adjust the quoted price for these investments, even in situations where Blackstone holds a large position and a sale could reasonably impact the quoted price.

 

   

Level II — Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies. Financial instruments which are generally included in this category include corporate bonds and loans, including corporate bonds and loans held within CLO vehicles, government and agency securities, less liquid and restricted equity securities, and certain over-the-counter derivatives where the fair value is based on observable inputs. Senior and subordinated notes issued by CLO vehicles are classified within Level II of the fair value hierarchy.

 

   

Level III — Pricing inputs are unobservable for the financial instruments and includes situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the financial instrument. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Financial instruments that are included in this category generally include general and limited partnership interests in private equity and real estate funds, credit-focused funds, distressed debt and non-investment grade residual interests in securitizations, certain corporate bonds and loans held within CLO vehicles, and certain over-the-counter derivatives where the fair value is based on unobservable inputs.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the determination of which category within the fair value hierarchy is appropriate for any given

 

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financial instrument is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Partnership’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the financial instrument.

Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are recognized at the beginning of the reporting period.

Level II Valuation Techniques

Financial instruments classified within Level II of the fair value hierarchy comprise debt instruments, including certain corporate loans and bonds held by Blackstone’s consolidated CLO vehicles, those held within Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies and debt securities sold, not yet purchased and interests in investment funds. Certain equity securities and derivative instruments valued using observable inputs are also classified as Level II.

The valuation techniques used to value financial instruments classified within Level II of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

 

   

Debt Instruments and Equity Securities are valued on the basis of prices from an orderly transaction between market participants provided by reputable dealers or pricing services. In determining the value of a particular investment, pricing services may use certain information with respect to transactions in such investments, quotations from dealers, pricing matrices and market transactions in comparable investments and various relationships between investments. The valuation of certain equity securities is based on an observable price for an identical security adjusted for the effect of a restriction.

 

   

Freestanding Derivatives are valued using contractual cash flows and observable inputs comprising yield curves, foreign currency rates and credit spreads.

 

   

Senior and subordinate notes issued by CLO vehicles are classified based on the more observable fair value of CLO assets less (a) the fair value of any beneficial interests held by Blackstone, and (b) the carrying value of any beneficial interests that represent compensation for services.

Level III Valuation Techniques

In the absence of observable market prices, Blackstone values its investments using valuation methodologies applied on a consistent basis. For some investments little market activity may exist; management’s determination of fair value is then based on the best information available in the circumstances, and may incorporate management’s own assumptions and involves a significant degree of judgment, taking into consideration a combination of internal and external factors, including the appropriate risk adjustments for non-performance and liquidity risks. Investments for which market prices are not observable include private investments in the equity of operating companies, real estate properties, certain funds of hedge funds and credit-focused investments.

Private Equity Investments — The fair values of private equity investments are determined by reference to projected net earnings, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”), the discounted cash flow method, public market or private transactions, valuations for comparable companies and other measures which, in many cases, are based on unaudited information at the time received. Valuations may be derived by reference to observable valuation measures for comparable companies or transactions (for example, multiplying a key performance metric of the investee company, such as EBITDA, by a relevant valuation multiple observed in the range of comparable companies or transactions), adjusted by management for differences between the investment and the referenced comparables, and in some instances by reference to option pricing models or other similar methods. Where a discounted cash flow method is used, a terminal value is derived by reference to EBITDA or price/earnings exit multiples.

Real Estate Investments — The fair values of real estate investments are determined by considering projected operating cash flows, sales of comparable assets, if any, and replacement costs, among other measures. The methods used to estimate the fair value of real estate investments include the discounted cash flow method and/or

 

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capitalization rates (“cap rates”) analysis. Valuations may be derived by reference to observable valuation measures for comparable companies or assets (for example, multiplying a key performance metric of the investee company or asset, such as EBITDA, by a relevant valuation multiple observed in the range of comparable companies or transactions), adjusted by management for differences between the investment and the referenced comparables, and in some instances by reference to option pricing models or other similar methods. Where a discounted cash flow method is used, a terminal value is derived by reference to an exit EBITDA multiple or capitalization rate. Additionally, where applicable, projected distributable cash flow through debt maturity will be considered in support of the investment’s fair value.

Credit-Focused Investments — The fair values of credit-focused investments are generally determined on the basis of prices between market participants provided by reputable dealers or pricing services. In some instances, Blackstone may utilize other valuation techniques, including the discounted cash flow method or a market approach.

Level III Valuation Process

Investments classified within Level III of the fair value hierarchy are valued on a quarterly basis, taking into consideration factors including any changes in Blackstone’s weighted-average cost of capital assumptions, discounted cash flow projections and exit multiple assumptions, as well as any changes in economic and other relevant conditions, and valuation models are updated accordingly. The valuation process also includes a review by an independent valuation party, at least annually for all investments, and quarterly for certain investments, to corroborate the values determined by management. The valuations of Blackstone’s investments are reviewed quarterly by a valuation committee chaired by Blackstone’s Vice Chairman and includes senior heads of each of Blackstone’s businesses, as well as representatives of legal and finance. Each quarter, the valuations of Blackstone’s investments are also reviewed by the Audit Committee in a meeting attended by the chairman of the valuation committee. The valuations are further tested by comparison to actual sales prices obtained on disposition of the investments.

Investments, at Fair Value

The Blackstone Funds are accounted for as investment companies under the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Accounting and Auditing Guide, Investment Companies, and reflect their investments, including majority-owned and controlled investments (the “Portfolio Companies”), at fair value. Such consolidated funds’ investments are reflected in Investments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value reflected as a component of Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Fair value is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, at current market conditions (i.e., the exit price).

Blackstone’s principal investments are presented at fair value with unrealized appreciation or depreciation and realized gains and losses recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations within Investment Income (Loss).

For certain instruments, the Partnership has elected the fair value option. Such election is irrevocable and is applied on an investment by investment basis at initial recognition. The Partnership has applied the fair value option for certain loans and receivables and certain investments in private debt securities that otherwise would not have been carried at fair value with gains and losses recorded in net income. Accounting for these financial instruments at fair value is consistent with how the Partnership accounts for its other principal investments. Loans extended to third parties are recorded within Accounts Receivable within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Debt securities for which the fair value option has been elected are recorded within Investments. The methodology for measuring the fair value of such investments is consistent with the methodology applied to private equity, real estate, credit-focused and funds of hedge funds investments. Changes in the fair value of such instruments are recognized in Investment Income (Loss) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

 

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Interest income on interest bearing loans and receivables and debt securities on which the fair value option has been elected is based on stated coupon rates adjusted for the accretion of purchase discounts and the amortization of purchase premiums. This interest income is recorded within Interest and Dividend Revenue.

In addition, the Partnership has elected the fair value option for the assets and liabilities of CLO vehicles that are consolidated as of January 1, 2010, as a result of the initial adoption of variable interest entity consolidation guidance. The Partnership has also elected the fair value option for CLO vehicles consolidated as a result of the acquisitions of CLO management contracts or the acquisition of the share capital of CLO managers. Historically, the adjustment resulting from the difference between the fair value of assets and liabilities for each of these events was presented as a transition and acquisition adjustment to Appropriated Partners’ Capital. Assets of the consolidated CLOs are presented within Investments within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and Liabilities within Loans Payable for the amounts due to unaffiliated third parties and Due to Affiliates for the amounts held by non-consolidated affiliates. Changes in the fair value of consolidated CLO assets and liabilities and related interest, dividend and other income subsequent to adoption and acquisition are presented within Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities. Expenses of consolidated CLO vehicles are presented in Fund Expenses. Historically, amounts attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities had a corresponding adjustment to Appropriated Partners’ Capital. On the adoption of the new CLO measurement guidance, there is no attribution of amounts to Non-Controlling Interests and no corresponding adjustments to Appropriated Partners’ Capital.

The Partnership has elected the fair value option for certain proprietary investments that would otherwise have been accounted for using the equity method of accounting. The fair value of such investments is based on quoted prices in an active market or using the discounted cash flow method. Changes in fair value are recognized in Investment Income (Loss) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Further disclosure on instruments for which the fair value option has been elected is presented in Note 7. “Fair Value Option” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing.

The investments of consolidated Blackstone Funds in funds of hedge funds (“Investee Funds”) are valued at net asset value (“NAV”) per share of the Investee Fund. In limited circumstances, the Partnership may determine, based on its own due diligence and investment procedures, that NAV per share does not represent fair value. In such circumstances, the Partnership will estimate the fair value in good faith and in a manner that it reasonably chooses, in accordance with the requirements of GAAP.

Certain investments of Blackstone and of the consolidated Blackstone funds of hedge funds and credit-focused funds measure their investments in underlying funds at fair value using NAV per share without adjustment. The terms of the investee’s investment generally provide for minimum holding periods or lock-ups, the institution of gates on redemptions or the suspension of redemptions or an ability to side pocket investments, at the discretion of the investee’s fund manager, and as a result, investments may not be redeemable at, or within three months of, the reporting date. A side pocket is used by hedge funds and funds of hedge funds to separate investments that may lack a readily ascertainable value, are illiquid or are subject to liquidity restriction. Redemptions are generally not permitted until the investments within a side pocket are liquidated or it is deemed that the conditions existing at the time that required the investment to be included in the side pocket no longer exist. As the timing of either of these events is uncertain, the timing at which the Partnership may redeem an investment held in a side pocket cannot be estimated. Further disclosure on instruments for which fair value is measured using NAV per share is presented in Note 5. “Net Asset Value as Fair Value” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing.

Intangibles and Goodwill

Blackstone’s intangible assets consist of contractual rights to earn future fee income, including management and advisory fees, Incentive Fees and Carried Interest. Identifiable finite-lived intangible assets are amortized on a

 

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straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 3 to 20 years, reflecting the contractual lives of such assets. Amortization expense is included within General, Administrative and Other in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Partnership does not hold any indefinite-lived intangible assets. Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.

Goodwill comprises goodwill arising from the contribution and reorganization of the Partnership’s predecessor entities in 2007 immediately prior to its IPO, the acquisition of GSO in 2008 and the acquisition of Strategic Partners in 2013. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment at least annually utilizing a qualitative or quantitative approach, and more frequently if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. The impairment testing for goodwill under the qualitative approach is based first on a qualitative assessment to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of Blackstone’s operating segments is less than their respective carrying values. The operating segment is the reporting level for testing the impairment of goodwill. If it is determined that it is more likely than not that an operating segment’s fair value is less than its carrying value or when the quantitative approach is used, a two-step quantitative assessment is performed to (a) calculate the fair value of the operating segment and compare it to its carrying value, and (b) if the carrying value exceeds its fair value, to measure an impairment loss.

Senior management has organized the firm into four operating segments. All of the components in each segment have similar economic characteristics and senior management makes key operating decisions based on the performance of each segment. Therefore, we believe that operating segment is the appropriate reporting level for testing the impairment of goodwill.

The carrying value of goodwill was $1.7 billion as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we determined that there was no evidence of Goodwill impairment.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In the normal course of business, we enter into various off-balance sheet arrangements including sponsoring and owning limited or general partner interests in consolidated and non-consolidated funds, entering into derivative transactions, entering into operating leases and entering into guarantee arrangements. We also have ongoing capital commitment arrangements with certain of our consolidated and non-consolidated drawdown funds. We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that would require us to fund losses or guarantee target returns to investors in our funds.

Further disclosure on our off-balance sheet arrangements is presented in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing as follows:

 

   

Note 6. “Derivative Financial Instruments”,

 

   

Note 9. “Variable Interest Entities”, and

 

   

Note 17. “Commitments and Contingencies — Commitments — Investment Commitments” and “—Contingencies — Guarantees”.

Recent Accounting Developments

Information regarding recent accounting developments and their impact on Blackstone can be found in Note 2. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing.

 

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Our predominant exposure to market risk is related to our role as general partner or investment adviser to the Blackstone Funds and the sensitivities to movements in the fair value of their investments, including the effect on management fees, performance fees and investment income.

Although the Blackstone Funds share many common themes, each of our alternative asset management operations runs its own investment and risk management processes, subject to our overall risk tolerance and philosophy:

 

   

The investment process of our carry funds involves a detailed analysis of potential investments, and asset management teams are assigned to oversee the operations, strategic development, financing and capital deployment decisions of each portfolio investment. Key investment decisions are subject to approval by the applicable investment committee, which is comprised of Blackstone senior managing directors and senior management.

 

   

In our capacity as adviser to certain funds in our Hedge Fund Solutions and Credit segments, we continuously monitor a variety of markets for attractive trading opportunities, applying a number of traditional and customized risk management metrics to analyze risk related to specific assets or portfolios. In addition, we perform extensive credit and cash flow analyses of borrowers, credit-based assets and underlying hedge fund managers, and have extensive asset management teams that monitor covenant compliance by, and relevant financial data of, borrowers and other obligors, asset pool performance statistics, tracking of cash payments relating to investments and ongoing analysis of the credit status of investments.

Effect on Fund Management Fees

Our management fees are based on (a) third parties’ capital commitments to a Blackstone Fund, (b) third parties’ capital invested in a Blackstone Fund or (c) the net asset value, or NAV, of a Blackstone Fund, as described in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Management fees will only be directly affected by short-term changes in market conditions to the extent they are based on NAV or represent permanent impairments of value. These management fees will be increased (or reduced) in direct proportion to the effect of changes in the fair value of our investments in the related funds. The proportion of our management fees that are based on NAV is dependent on the number and types of Blackstone Funds in existence and the current stage of each fund’s life cycle. For the three months ended March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015, the percentages of our fund management fees based on the NAV of the applicable funds or separately managed accounts, were as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2016     2015  

Fund Management Fees Based on the NAV of the Applicable Funds or Separately Managed Accounts

     32     36

 

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Market Risk

The Blackstone Funds hold investments which are reported at fair value. Based on the fair value as of March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015, we estimate that a 10% decline in fair value of the investments would result in the following declines in Management Fees, Performance Fees, Net of Related Compensation Expense and Investment Income:

 

     March 31,  
     2016      2015  
     Management
Fees (a)
     Performance
Fees, Net of
Related
Compensation
Expense (b)
     Investment
Income (b)
     Management
Fees (a)
     Performance
Fees, Net of
Related
Compensation
Expense (b)
     Investment
Income (b)
 
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

10% Decline in Fair Value of the Investments

   $ 83,597       $ 1,279,978       $ 242,146       $ 93,842       $ 1,597,278       $ 270,203   

 

(a) Represents the annualized effect of the 10% decline.
(b) Represents the reporting date effect of the 10% decline.

Total Assets Under Management, excluding undrawn capital commitments and the amount of capital raised for our CLOs, by segment, and the percentage amount classified as Level III investments as defined within the fair value standards of GAAP, are as follows:

 

     March 31, 2016  
     Total Assets Under Management,
Excluding Undrawn Capital
Commitments and the Amount
of Capital Raised for CLOs
     Percentage Amount
Classified as Level III
Investments
 
     (Dollars in Thousands)         

Private Equity

   $ 42,543,188         83

Real Estate

   $ 68,106,682         84

Credit

   $ 44,417,262         51

The fair value of our investments and securities can vary significantly based on a number of factors that take into consideration the diversity of the Blackstone Funds’ investment portfolio and on a number of factors and inputs such as similar transactions, financial metrics, and industry comparatives, among others. (See “Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. Also see “Part I. Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Policies — Investments, at Fair Value.”) We believe these fair value amounts should be utilized with caution as our intent and strategy is to hold investments and securities until prevailing market conditions are beneficial for investment sales.

Investors in all of our carry funds (and certain of our credit-focused funds and funds of hedge funds) make capital commitments to those funds that we are entitled to call from those investors at any time during prescribed periods. We depend on investors fulfilling their commitments when we call capital from them in order for those funds to consummate investments and otherwise pay their related obligations when due, including management fees. We have not had investors fail to honor capital calls to any meaningful extent and any investor that did not fund a capital call would be subject to having a significant amount of its existing investment forfeited in that fund; however, if investors were to fail to satisfy a significant amount of capital calls for any particular fund or funds, those funds could be materially and adversely affected.

Exchange Rate Risk

The Blackstone Funds hold investments that are denominated in non-U.S. dollar currencies that may be affected by movements in the rate of exchange between the U.S. dollar and non-U.S. dollar currencies. Additionally,

 

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a portion of our management fees are denominated in non-U.S. dollar currencies. We estimate that as of March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015, a 10% decline in the rate of exchange of all foreign currencies against the U.S. dollar would result in the following declines in Management Fees, Performance Fees, Net of Related Compensation Expense and Investment Income:

 

     March 31,  
     2016      2015  
     Management
Fees (a)
     Performance
Fees, Net of
Related
Compensation
Expense (b)
     Investment
Income (b)
     Management
Fees (a)
     Performance
Fees, Net of
Related
Compensation
Expense (b)
     Investment
Income (b)
 
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

10% Decline in the Rate of Exchange of All Foreign Currencies Against the U.S. Dollar

   $ 12,828       $ 248,490       $ 31,258       $ 18,142       $ 260,035       $ 31,237   

 

(a) Represents the annualized effect of the 10% decline.
(b) Represents the reporting date effect of the 10% decline.

Interest Rate Risk

Blackstone has debt obligations payable that accrue interest at variable rates. Interest rate changes may therefore affect the amount of our interest payments, future earnings and cash flows. Based on our debt obligations payable as of March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015, we estimate that interest expense relating to variable rates would increase on an annual basis, in the event interest rates were to increase by one percentage point, as follows:

 

     March 31,  
     2016      2015  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Annualized Increase in Interest Expense Due to a One Percentage Point Increase in Interest Rates

   $ 43       $ 45   

Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies consists of a diversified portfolio of liquid assets to meet the liquidity needs of various businesses (the “Treasury Liquidity Portfolio”). This portfolio includes cash, open-ended money market mutual funds, open-ended bond mutual funds, marketable investment securities, freestanding derivative contracts, repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements and other investments. If interest rates were to increase by one percentage point, we estimate that our annualized investment income would decrease, offset by an estimated increase in interest income on an annual basis from interest on floating rate assets, as follows:

 

     March 31,  
     2016      2015  
     Annualized
Decrease in
Investment
Income
    Annualized
Increase in
Interest Income
from Floating
Rate Assets
     Annualized
Decrease in
Investment
Income
    Annualized
Increase in
Interest Income
from Floating
Rate Assets
 
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

One Percentage Point Increase in Interest Rates

   $ 13,291 (a)    $ 14,543       $ 16,729 (a)    $ 13,322   

 

(a) As of March 31, 2016 and 2015, this represents 0.4% and 0.6% of the Treasury Liquidity Portfolio, respectively.

Credit Risk

Certain Blackstone Funds and the Investee Funds are subject to certain inherent risks through their investments.

 

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The Treasury Liquidity Portfolio contains certain credit risks including, but not limited to, exposure to uninsured deposits with financial institutions, unsecured corporate bonds and mortgage-backed securities. These exposures are actively monitored on a continuous basis and positions are reallocated based on changes in risk profile, market or economic conditions.

We estimate that our annualized investment income would decrease, if credit spreads were to increase by one percentage point, as follows:

 

     March 31,  
     2016      2015  
     (Dollars in
Thousands)
 

Decrease in Annualized Investment Income Due to a One Percentage Point Increase in Credit Spreads (a)

   $ 23,622       $ 43,388   

 

(a) As of March 31, 2016 and 2015, this represents 0.7% and 1.5% of the Treasury Liquidity Portfolio, respectively.

Certain of our entities hold derivative instruments that contain an element of risk in the event that the counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of such agreements. We minimize our risk exposure by limiting the counterparties with which we enter into contracts to banks and investment banks who meet established credit and capital guidelines. We do not expect any counterparty to default on its obligations and therefore do not expect to incur any loss due to counterparty default.

 

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired objectives.

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) are effective at the reasonable assurance level to accomplish their objectives of ensuring that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

No changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a–15(f) and 15d–15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act) occurred during our most recent quarter, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We may from time to time be involved in litigation and claims incidental to the conduct of our business. Our businesses are also subject to extensive regulation, which may result in regulatory proceedings against us. See “Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. We are not currently subject to any pending judicial, administrative or arbitration proceedings that we expect to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. However, given the inherent unpredictability of these types of proceedings and the potentially large and/or indeterminate amounts that could be sought, it is possible that an adverse outcome in certain matters could have a material effect on Blackstone’s financial results in any particular period.

 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

For a discussion of our potential risks and uncertainties, see the information under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and in our subsequently filed Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, all of which are accessible on the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov.

See “Part I. Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Business Environment” in this report for a discussion of the conditions in the financial markets and economic conditions affecting our businesses. This discussion updates, and should be read together with, the risk factor entitled “Difficult market conditions can adversely affect our business in many ways, including by reducing the value or performance of the investments made by our investment funds and reducing the ability of our investment funds to raise or deploy capital, each of which could materially reduce our revenue, earnings and cash flow and adversely affect our financial prospects and condition.” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and in our subsequently filed Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.

 

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

In January 2008, the Board of Directors of our general partner, Blackstone Group Management L.L.C., authorized the repurchase of up to $500 million of Blackstone common units and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units. Under this unit repurchase program, units may be repurchased from time to time in open market transactions, in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. The timing and the actual number of Blackstone common units and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units repurchased will depend on a variety of factors, including legal requirements, price and economic and market conditions. The unit repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time and does not have a specified expiration date. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, no units were repurchased. As of March 31, 2016, the amount remaining available for repurchases was $335.8 million under this program. See “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements — Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 14. Net Income Per Common Unit” and “Part I. Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources — Liquidity Needs” for further information regarding this unit repurchase program.

As permitted by our policies and procedures governing transactions in our securities by our directors, executive officers and other employees, from time to time some of these persons may establish plans or arrangements complying with Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act, and similar plans and arrangements relating to our common units and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units.

 

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ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

Pursuant to Section 219 of the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012 (“ITRA”), which added Section 13(r) of the Exchange Act, Blackstone hereby incorporates by reference herein Exhibit 99.1 of this report, which includes disclosures publicly filed and/or provided to us by Travelport Limited and NCR Corporation, each of which may be considered our affiliate.

 

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit
Number

  

Exhibit Description

  10.1+    Amended and Restated Agreement of Exempt Limited Partnership of Blackstone AG Associates L.P., dated as of February 16, 2016 and deemed effective as of May 30, 2014 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.77 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 (File No. 001-33551) filed with the SEC on February 26, 2016).
  10.2+    Amended and Restated Agreement of Exempted Limited Partnership of Blackstone OBS Associates L.P., dated as of February 16, 2016 and deemed effective July 25, 2014 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.79 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 (File No. 001-33551) filed with the SEC on February 26, 2016).
  10.3+    Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Exempted Limited Partnership of BPP Core Asia Associates L.P., dated February 16, 2016 and deemed effective March 18, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.82 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 (File No. 001-33551) filed with the SEC on February 26, 2016).
  10.4+    Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Exempted Limited Partnership of BPP Core Asia Associates-NQ L.P., dated as of February 16, 2016 and deemed effective March 18, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.83 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 (File No. 001-33551) filed with the SEC on February 26, 2016).
  10.5+    Amended and Restated Agreement of Exempt Limited Partnership of Blackstone Property Associates International L.P., dated as of February 16, 2016 and deemed effective as of July 15, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.86 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 (File No. 001-33551) filed with the SEC on February 26, 2016).
  10.6+    Amended and Restated Agreement of Exempt Limited Partnership of Blackstone Property Associates International-NQ L.P., dated as of February 16, 2016 and deemed effective July 28, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.87 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 (File No. 001-33551) filed with the SEC on February 26, 2016).
  31.1    Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).
  31.2    Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).
  32.1    Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith).

 

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Exhibit
Number

  

Exhibit Description

  32.2    Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith).
  99.1    Section 13(r) Disclosure.
101.INS    XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

 

+ Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement in which directors or executive officers are eligible to participate.

The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this report are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure other than with respect to the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for that purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by us in these agreements or other documents were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: May 5, 2016

 

The Blackstone Group L.P.

By:

  Blackstone Group Management L.L.C.,
  its General Partner
 

/s/ Michael S. Chae

Name:   Michael S. Chae
Title:   Chief Financial Officer
  (Principal Financial Officer and Authorized Signatory)

 

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