UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F
¨ | Registration statement pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
or
x | Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2011
or
¨ | Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the transition period from/to
or
¨ | Shell company report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
Date of event requiring this shell company report:
Commission file number 00012033
TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
LM ERICSSON TELEPHONE COMPANY
(Translation of Registrants Name Into English)
Kingdom of Sweden
(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
SE-164 83 Stockholm, Sweden
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Roland Hagman, Vice President Group Function Financial Control
Telephone: +46 8 719 53 80, Facsimile: +46 8 719 42 22
SE-164 83 Stockholm, Sweden
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile Number and Address of Company Contact Person)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class |
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered | |
American Depositary Shares | The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC | |
B Shares * | The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC |
* | Not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of the American Depositary Shares representing such B Shares pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:
None
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuers classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the Annual Report:
B shares (SEK 5.00 nominal value) |
3,011,595,752 | |||
A shares (SEK 5.00 nominal value) |
261,755,983 | |||
C shares (SEK 1.00 nominal value) |
0 |
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No ¨
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ¨ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
x Large accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
US GAAP ¨ International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board x Other ¨
Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow. Item 17 ¨ Item 18 x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
This annual report discloses and includes references to financial measures that may not be prepared or presented in accordance with IFRS, and we refer to these measures as non-IFRS measures. Reconciliations of these non-IFRS measures to the most relevant comparable IFRS measures can be found on page 41 and pages 242245 of the annual report.
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76 | ||||
163 | ||||
175 | ||||
177 | ||||
214 | ||||
222 | ||||
MANAGEMENTS REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING |
223 | |||
224 | ||||
242 | ||||
246 | ||||
249 | ||||
252 | ||||
256 |
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
FORM 20-F 2011 CROSS REFERENCE TABLE
Our Annual Report on Form 20-F consists of the English version of our Swedish Annual Report for 2011, with certain adjustments made to comply with U.S. requirements, together with certain other information required by Form 20-F which is set forth under the heading Supplemental Information. The following cross reference table indicates where information required by Form 20-F may be found in this document.
Form 20-F Item Heading |
Location in Document |
Page Number |
||||||||
PART I |
||||||||||
1 |
Identity of Directors, etc. | N/A | ||||||||
2 |
Offer Statistics & Timetable | N/A | ||||||||
3 |
Key Information | |||||||||
A | Selected Financial Data | Five-Year Summary | 19 | |||||||
Reconciliations to IFRS | 242 | |||||||||
Financial Terminology | 249 | |||||||||
Supplemental Information | ||||||||||
Exchange Rates |
225 | |||||||||
B | Capitalization & Indebtedness | N/A | - | |||||||
C | Reason for Offer & Use of Proceeds | N/A | - | |||||||
D | Risk Factors | Risk Factors | 163 | |||||||
4 |
Info on the Company | |||||||||
A | History and Development of the Company | Operator Portfolio | ||||||||
Mobile Broadband |
11 | |||||||||
Managed Services |
12 | |||||||||
Operations & Business Support Systems |
13 | |||||||||
Board of Directors Report | ||||||||||
Vision and Mission |
33 | |||||||||
Strategy |
34 | |||||||||
Business Focus 2011 |
36 | |||||||||
Cash FlowCapital Expenditures |
48 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C26 Business Combinations |
144 | |||||||||
Note C32 Events After the Balance Sheet Date |
161 | |||||||||
Supplemental Information | ||||||||||
General Facts on the Company |
224 | |||||||||
Company History and Development |
225 | |||||||||
B | Business Overview | Our Business | 7 | |||||||
Operator Portfolio | 11 | |||||||||
How We Stay Ahead | 9 | |||||||||
Board of Directors Report | ||||||||||
Vision and Mission |
33 | |||||||||
Strategy |
34 | |||||||||
Business Focus 2011 |
36 | |||||||||
Business ResultsRegions |
51 | |||||||||
Business ResultsSegments |
54 | |||||||||
Material Contracts |
66 |
i
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Form 20-F Item Heading |
Location in Document |
Page Number |
||||||||
Corporate Governance |
63 | |||||||||
Sourcing and Supply |
65 | |||||||||
Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility |
60 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C3Segment Information |
96 | |||||||||
Note C31Contractual Obligations |
161 | |||||||||
Risk Factors | ||||||||||
Market, Technology and Business Risks |
163 | |||||||||
Regulatory, Compliance and Corporate Governance Risks |
171 | |||||||||
C | Organizational Structure | Supplemental Information | ||||||||
General Facts on the Company |
224 | |||||||||
Investments |
240 | |||||||||
D | Property, Plants and Equipment | Supplemental Information | ||||||||
Primary Manufacturing and Assembly Facilities |
226 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C11Property, Plant and Equipment |
110 | |||||||||
Note C27Leasing |
146 | |||||||||
Board of Directors Report | ||||||||||
Cash FlowCapital Expenditures |
48 | |||||||||
4A |
Unresolved Staff Comments | | ||||||||
5 |
Operating & Finl Review & Prospects | | ||||||||
A |
Operating Results |
Operator Portfolio |
11 | |||||||
How We Stay Ahead | 9 | |||||||||
Board of Directors Report | ||||||||||
Business ResultsRegions |
51 | |||||||||
Business ResultsSegments |
54 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C1Significant Accounting PoliciesGroup Companies |
76 | |||||||||
Note C20Financial Risk Management and Financial InstrumentsForeign Exchange Risk |
133 | |||||||||
Risk Factors | ||||||||||
Regulatory, Compliance and Corporate Governance Risks |
171 | |||||||||
Board of Directors Report | ||||||||||
Risk Management |
64 |
ii
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Form 20-F Item Heading |
Location in Document |
Page Number |
||||||||
Supplemental Information | ||||||||||
Operating Results |
226 | |||||||||
Taxation |
232 | |||||||||
B | Liquidity and Capital Resources | Board of Directors Report | ||||||||
Financial Position |
45 | |||||||||
Cash Flow |
48 | |||||||||
Risk Management |
64 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C19Interest-Bearing Liabilities |
132 | |||||||||
Note C20Financial Risk Management and Financial Instruments |
133 | |||||||||
Note C25Statement of Cash Flows |
142 | |||||||||
C | R&D, Patents & Licenses | Five-Year Summary | 19 | |||||||
Board of Directors Report | ||||||||||
StrategyTechnology Leadership |
35 | |||||||||
Competitive AssetsTechnology Leadership as an asset |
39 | |||||||||
Financial Results of OperationsOperating expenses |
43 | |||||||||
Consolidated Financial Statements | ||||||||||
Consolidated Income Statement and Statement of Comprehensive Income |
71 | |||||||||
D | Trend Info | Operator Portfolio | 11 | |||||||
How We Stay Ahead | 9 | |||||||||
Board of Directors Report | ||||||||||
Business ResultsRegions |
51 | |||||||||
Business ResultsSegments |
54 | |||||||||
E | Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements | Board of Directors Report | ||||||||
Financial PositionOff-balance sheet arrangements |
48 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C14Trade Receivables and Customer FinanceCredit RiskFinance Credit Risk |
115 | |||||||||
Note C24Contingent Liabilities |
142 | |||||||||
F | Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations | Board of Directors Report | ||||||||
Material Contracts |
66 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C31Contractual Obligations |
161 | |||||||||
6 | Directors, Senior Management and Employees | | ||||||||
A | Directors & Senior Management | Corporate Governance Report 2011 | ||||||||
Members of the Board of Directors |
193 |
iii
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Form 20-F Item Heading |
Location in Document |
Page Number |
||||||||
Members of the Executive Leadership Team |
203 | |||||||||
B | Compensation | Board of Directors Report |
||||||||
Corporate Governance |
63 | |||||||||
Corporate Governance Report 2011 |
||||||||||
Committees of the Board of DirectorsRemuneration CommitteeRemuneration to Board members |
188 | |||||||||
Members of the Executive Leadership Team |
203 | |||||||||
Remuneration Report |
214 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C17Post-Employment Benefits |
123 | |||||||||
Note C28Information Regarding Members of the Board of Directors, the Group Management and Employees |
148 | |||||||||
C | Board Practices | Corporate Governance Report 2011 | ||||||||
Board of Directors |
184 | |||||||||
Members of the Board of Directors |
193 | |||||||||
Members of the Executive Leadership Team |
203 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C28Information Regarding Members of the Board of Directors, the Group Management and Employees |
148 | |||||||||
D | Employees | Five-Year Summary | 19 | |||||||
Board of Directors Report | ||||||||||
Business Focus 2011 |
37 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C28Information Regarding Members of the Board of Directors, the Group Management and Employees |
148 | |||||||||
E | Share Ownership | Share Information | ||||||||
Shareholders |
25 | |||||||||
Corporate Governance Report 2011 | ||||||||||
Members of the Board of Directors |
193 | |||||||||
Members of the Executive Leadership Team |
203 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C28Information Regarding Members of |
148 |
iv
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Form 20-F Item Heading |
Location in Document |
Page Number |
||||||||
7 |
Major S/Hs and Related Party Transactions | |||||||||
A | Major Shareholders | Share Information | ||||||||
Shareholders |
25 | |||||||||
B | Related Party Transactions | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||
Note C29Related Party Transactions |
158 | |||||||||
C | Interests of Experts & Counsel | N/A |
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8 |
Financial Information | |||||||||
A | Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information | Consolidated Financial Statements | 71 | |||||||
Please see also Item 17 cross references |
||||||||||
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
70 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C4 Net Sales |
102 | |||||||||
Supplemental Information | ||||||||||
Memorandum and Articles of AssociationDividends |
230 | |||||||||
B | Significant Changes | Board of Directors Report | ||||||||
Post-Closing Events |
67 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C32Events After the Balance Sheet Date |
161 | |||||||||
9 |
The Offer and Listing | |||||||||
A | Offer and Listing Details | Share Information | ||||||||
Offer and Listing Details |
23 | |||||||||
B | Plan of Distribution | N/A | ||||||||
C | Markets | Share Information | ||||||||
Stock Exchange Trading |
20 | |||||||||
D | Selling Shareholders | N/A | ||||||||
E | Dilution | N/A | ||||||||
F | Expenses of the issue | N/A | ||||||||
10 |
Additional Information | |||||||||
A | Share Capital | N/A |
||||||||
B | Articles of Association | Supplemental Information | ||||||||
Memorandum and Articles of Association |
229 | |||||||||
C | Material Contracts | Board of Directors Report | ||||||||
Material Contracts |
66 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C31 Contractual Obligations |
161 |
v
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Form 20-F Item Heading |
Location in Document |
Page Number |
||||||||
D | Exchange Controls | Supplemental Information | ||||||||
Exchange Controls |
232 | |||||||||
E | Taxation | Supplemental Information | ||||||||
Taxation |
232 | |||||||||
F | Dividends and paying agents | N/A | ||||||||
G | Statement by Experts | N/A | ||||||||
H | Documents on Display | Supplemental Information | ||||||||
General Facts on the Company |
224 | |||||||||
I | Subsidiary Information | N/A | ||||||||
11 |
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures |
|||||||||
A | Quantitative Information about |
Board of Directors Report | ||||||||
Risk Management |
64 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C20Financial Risk Management and Financial Instruments |
133 | |||||||||
B | Qualitative Information about Market Risk |
Board of Directors Report | ||||||||
Risk Management |
64 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C20Financial Risk Management and Financial Instruments |
133 | |||||||||
C | Interim Periods | N/A | ||||||||
D | Safe Harbor | N/A | ||||||||
E | Small Business Issuers | N/A | ||||||||
12 |
Description of Securities Other than |
|||||||||
A | Debt Securities | N/A | ||||||||
B | Warrants and Rights | N/A | ||||||||
C | Other Securities | N/A | ||||||||
D | American Depositary Shares | Supplemental Information | ||||||||
Depositary Fees and Charges |
237 | |||||||||
PART II |
||||||||||
13 |
Defaults, Dividends, Arrearages and Delinquencies |
N/A | ||||||||
14 |
Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds |
N/A | ||||||||
15 |
Controls and Procedures | | ||||||||
A | Disclosure Controls and Procedures |
Corporate Governance Report 2011 | ||||||||
Disclosure Controls and Procedures |
209 | |||||||||
B | Managements annual report on internal control over financial reporting |
Managements Report on internal control over financial reporting |
|
223 |
| |||||
C | Attestation report of the registered public accounting firm |
vi
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Form 20-F Item Heading |
Location in Document |
Page Number |
||||||||
D | Changes in internal control over financial reporting |
|||||||||
16 |
Reserved | | ||||||||
A | Audit Committee Financial Expert |
Corporate Governance Report 2011 | ||||||||
Audit CommitteeMembers of the Audit Committee |
188 | |||||||||
B | Code of Ethics | Corporate Governance Report 2011 | ||||||||
Code of Business Ethics |
178 | |||||||||
C | Principal Accountant Fees and Services |
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||
Note C30 Fees to Auditors |
||||||||||
Corporate Governance Report 2011 | ||||||||||
Committees of the Board of DirectorsAudit Committee |
188 | |||||||||
D | Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees |
Corporate Governance Report 2011 | ||||||||
Board of DirectorsIndependence |
184 | |||||||||
Supplemental Information | ||||||||||
Independence Requirements |
238 | |||||||||
E | Purchase of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers |
N/A | ||||||||
F | Change in Registrants Certifying Accountant |
N/A | ||||||||
G | Corporate Governance | Corporate Governance Report 2011 | ||||||||
Board of DirectorsIndependence |
184 | |||||||||
Supplemental Information | ||||||||||
Independence Requirements |
238 | |||||||||
PART III |
||||||||||
17 |
Financial Statements | | ||||||||
Consolidated Income Statement and Statement of Comprehensive Income |
71 | |||||||||
Consolidated Balance Sheet | 73 | |||||||||
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows | 74 | |||||||||
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity |
75 | |||||||||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
||||||||||
Note C1Significant Accounting Policies |
76 | |||||||||
Note C16Equity and Other Comprehensive Income |
119 | |||||||||
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
70 | |||||||||
18 |
Financial Statements | N/A |
vii
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Form 20-F Item Heading |
Location in Document |
Page Number | ||||||
19 |
Exhibits | |||||||
Exhibit 1 |
Articles of Association |
|||||||
Exhibit 2 |
Not applicable |
|||||||
Exhibit 3 |
Not applicable |
|||||||
Exhibit 4 |
Not applicable |
|||||||
Exhibit 5 |
Not applicable |
|||||||
Exhibit 6 |
Please see Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, Note C1 Significant Accounting Policies |
76 | ||||||
Exhibit 7 |
For definitions of certain ratios used in this report, please see Financial Terminology |
249 | ||||||
Exhibit 8 |
Please see Supplemental Information, Investments |
240 | ||||||
Exhibit 9 |
Not applicable |
|||||||
Exhibit 10 |
Not applicable |
|||||||
Exhibit 11 |
Our Code of Business Ethics is included on our web site at |
|||||||
www.ericsson.com/code-of-business ethics |
||||||||
Exhibit 12 |
302 Certifications |
|||||||
Exhibit 13 |
906 Certifications |
|||||||
Exhibit 14 |
Not applicable |
|||||||
Exhibit 15.1 |
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
70 |
viii
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Dear shareholders,
The world is entering a new communications era. Technology is enabling us to interact, innovate and share knowledge in entirely new wayscreating a dynamic shift in mindset. At Ericsson, we are just beginning to explore the possibilities of what we call the networked society.
At its foundation, three forces must come together: mobility, broadband and the cloud. When these combine, you can get access to anything, anytime, anywhere. But the networked society is about much more than what the individual can achieve. Eventually, everything that benefits from being connected will be connectedand this will fundamentally change our world. It is amazing what is happening around us, global mobile broadband subscriptions grew by 60% to reach a total of almost 1 billion at year-end. We forecast almost 5 billion mobile broadband subscriptions by 2016.
At the same time, the data consumed by smartphone users is surging. Across all devices, mobile data traffic is expected to grow 10 times between 2011 and 2016. Increasing subscription numbers and traffic levels drive increased complexity in networks. In turn this puts further demand on our ability to deliver cutting-edge solutions and to understand our customers needs.
Prime driver and thought leader
I believe that Ericsson has the necessary assets and strengths to be the prime driver and thought leader in the networked society. Our key assets are technology and services leadership, as well as global presence and scale.
We focus on early involvement in creating new technologies, strong contributions to standardization work and development of intellectual property rights. We pioneered the development of digital AXE switching, GSM, WCDMA/HSPA and LTE, resulting in 30,000 granted patents. In 2011, we increased our investment in R&D to further strengthen our technology leadership and we currently have more than 22,000 employees in R&D.
Today, customers in more than 180 countries use our solutions and services. In 2010, we started delivery of our multi-standard radio base station RBS 6000. We have carried out the quickest product ramp-up in our history and by the end of 2011 the RBS 6000 accounted for almost all our radio base station deliveries. This gives us significant scale advantages.
Our services offering covers all areas within the operational scope of a telecom operator. We have 56,000 services professionals around the globe and we manage networks that serve more than 900 million subscribers. We estimate our market share in telecom services at over 10%, making us the leader in this market.
Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility
We continue to be strongly committed to Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility. We remain focused on our ambitious targets, including our carbon footprint intensity reduction goals. Over the last decade we have increased 3G/4G radio base station energy efficiency by over 85%. The result is that despite the growing bandwidth demands of the networked society, we are able to keep the energy consumption per subscriber at a low and constant level.
We see an increasing interest from customers to drive energy efficiency in their networks, and to use broadband to shape the low carbon economy of the future.
1
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Such diverse events during 2011 as the Arab Spring and the publication of the UN guidelines on Business and Human Rights, show the increasing importance and relevance of human rights in our business. Our policies remain strong and we are committed to high levels of governance standards wherever we do business in the world. We will continue to give people in all parts of the world access to communications, improving quality of life. Our separate Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility Report will provide additional information on these topics.
Leading ICT player
We are a leading Information and Communications Technology (ICT) player. Many people are surprised when they discover that we are the worlds fifth largest software company. The vast majority of our R&D engineers are engaged in software development.
Our long-term ambitions are to grow faster than the market, deliver the industrys best-in-class margins, grow earnings in joint ventures and generate strong cash conversion. The Annual General Meeting approved the transformation of these ambitions into clear targets in the Executive Performance Stock Plan.
We have identified three growth levers. The first is portfolio momentum in mobile broadband, managed services and operations and business support systems (OSS/BSS). The second is to gain market share. The third is mergers, acquisitions and partnering.
In 2011, we grew revenues by 12% to SEK 227 billion and sales for comparable units, adjusted for currency effects, increased by 19%. Early internal market data indicates that we increased market share in mobile network equipment by 6 percentage points to 38%. This makes us the world leader, twice as big as the second largest player. We gained market share through our strategy to capture footprint when networks are modernized in Europe, by preserving our relationships with the most successful operators and by gaining market share with new customers. During the year, we announced the acquisition of Telcordia, a leading player in OSS and BSS. We also announced the divestment to Sony Corporation of our share in the 50/50 joint venture Sony Ericsson. The transaction is a logical strategic step that makes it possible for us to focus on enabling connectivity for all devices, handsets and beyond.
Gross margin declined due to a changed business mix with more coverage projects, modernization projects in Europe, and a higher share of services sales. Net income increased to SEK 12.6 billion. Our JVs had a tough 2011 and both reported losses. Ericsson has a strong financial position with a net cash position of SEK 39.5 billion.
Solid industry fundamentals
We carefully monitor the potential impact from increased economic uncertainties around the world. Short-term, we expect operators to continue to be cautious with spending, reflecting factors such as macroeconomic and political uncertainty.
With the move towards the networked society, we remain confident that the fundamentals for longer-term positive development in the industry remain solid. With strong customer relationships and one of the worlds largest and best pools of industry talent, we believe Ericsson is well positioned to continue to drive and to benefit from this development.
Hans Vestberg
President and CEO
2
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
FINANCIAL RESULTS IN SHORT
NET SALES
SEK 226.9 (203.3) billion, +12%
OPERATING MARGIN1)
9.6% (12.0%)
NET INCOME
SEK 12.6 (11.2) billion, +12%
NET CASH2)
SEK 39.5 (51.3) billion
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
SEK 38.7 (30.9) billion
3
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
EPS3)
SEK 3.77 (3.46), +9%
DIVIDEND4)
SEK 2.50 (2.25), +11%
1) | Excl. share in earnings of JVs. For 2011 incl. restructuring charges of SEK 3.2 billion and for 2010 excl. restructuring charges of SEK 6.8 billion. |
2) | Cash and cash equivalents plus short-term investments less interest-bearing liabilities and post-employment benefits. For a reconciliation to the most directly comparable IFRS measures, see page 242245. |
3) | EPS diluted, SEK. |
4) | Dividend for 2011 as proposed by the Board of Directors. |
4
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
TELECOM TRENDS
Everything is going mobile. This evolution is driven by video, cloud-based services, the internet and machine-to-machine (M2M) connectivity. It changes how consumers behave and how they leverage mobility to communicate and to improve their daily lives, through existing and new services. Users now demand connectivity anywhere and anytime.
Enterprises are also beginning to exploit the new opportunities provided by mobility, both to improve efficiency, such as by streamlining processes, and to find new business models.
Important driving forces are new, more affordable smartphones, and the many new connected devices on the market. The total number of mobile subscriptions globally (excluding M2M) reached approximately 6 billion at year end 2011, of which close to 1 billion were for mobile broadband. Approximately 30% of all handsets sold during 2011 were smartphones compared to around 20% for 2010. Out of the installed base of subscriptions worldwide only around 10% use smartphones.
Globally, the average mobile PC user currently generates about 2 Gbytes of data per month, while a high-traffic smartphone user generates approximately 500 Mbytes per month. Usage has been increasing over time. With all these devices and 24/7 connectivity, we expect global mobile data traffic to grow tenfold by the end of 2016.
Operators are capitalizing on this changing market, enabling users and machines to leverage connectivity in new ways. During 2011 various operators started to introduce tiered pricing, to provide price plans, such as volume, time or speed-based plans, which are better aligned to users needs. As a result of that, operators are able to create various business models to capitalize on different consumer and enterprise segments.
In order to enable these new services, improve user experience and provide tiered pricing, operators are investing in and transforming their operations and business support systems (OSS and BSS). These systems monitor and optimize network performance for customer relations handling and subscriber support. OSS/BSS investments also enable operators to optimize operations and reduce costs.
To accommodate for the increase in data traffic, operators are putting in new equipment and upgrading their networks for greater efficiency and better revenue capture. Network capacity can be increased through additional features, such as software upgrades, as well as through additional equipment, such as radio base stations and transmission.
In todays competitive markets, speed and capacity alone are not enough to ensure best user experience and provide differentiation. Quality of service is becoming an important way for operators to differentiate.
OUR CUSTOMERS
Our business is defined by long-term relationships mainly with large telecom operators around the world. We serve approximately 400 customers, most of whom are network operators. Our ten largest customers, of which half are multinational, account for 44% of net sales. Our customers operate in a wide range of local economies and are at various technology stages. They have different business focuses depending on the maturity of the mobile broadband market.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
We set up a new go-to-market model in 2010, with ten regions which approach customers with solutions and services. With this, we are moving towards a solutions-led sales approach, selling the full breadth of the portfolio.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Our mission is to innovate to empower people, business and society. We are a world-leading provider of network infrastructure, telecom services and multimedia solutions, which in combination meet a broad range of operator needs. To best reflect our business, we report five business segments, two of which are the joint ventures Sony Ericsson and ST-Ericsson.
NETWORKS |
GLOBAL SERVICES |
MULTIMEDIA | ||||
|
Segment Networks develops and delivers mobile and fixed infrastructure equipment and software. We are a market leader in 2G/GSM and 3G/WCDMA mobile technologies. We now provide all-IP 4G/LTE networks as the evolution of mobile broadband. Our portfolio also includes CDMA solutions, as well as xDSL, fiber and microwave transmission. | With more than 56,000 services professionals globally, we deliver managed services, consulting and systems integration, customer support and network rollout. We manage complex projects with advanced IS/IT competence and multi-vendor experience, using a mix of local knowledge and global expertise. | Segment Multimedia develops and delivers software-based solutions for operations and business support systems (OSS and BSS), real-time, multi-screen and on-demand TV and consumer and business applications. Revenue management, i.e. software based solutions for charging and billing, is part of BSS. | |||
NET SALES (SHARE OF TOTAL) |
SEK 132.4 billion (58% of total sales) | SEK 83.9 billion (37% of total sales) | SEK 10.6 billion (5% of total sales) | |||
MARKET SHARE ESTIMATES |
38% in mobile network equipment. Twice the size of the second largest competitor | More than 10%. Larger than any of our competitors | Three markets with different dynamics and players | |||
MARKET POSITION |
Number 1 in mobile networks | Number 1 in telecom services | Number 1 in real-time charging & billing |
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
JOINT VENTURES
Our joint ventures focus on enabling superior user devices. Sony Ericssons and ST-Ericssons results are reported according to the equity method.
In October 2011, we announced that Sony would acquire Ericssons 50% share in Sony Ericsson. The transaction took place on February 15, 2012.
SONY ERICSSON |
ST-ERICSSON |
|||||
A 50/50 joint venture with Sony Corporation, Sony Ericsson offers mobile phones, accessories, content and applications. | A 50/50 joint venture with STMicroelectronics, ST-Ericsson offers wireless platforms and semiconductors for leading handset manufacturers. | |||||
NET SALES |
EUR 5,212 million | USD 1,650 million | ||||
MARKET POSITION |
10% market share in the Android smartphone market | Number 3 in thin modems |
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
PRINCIPLES
We interact with our customers based on the following principles:
| A customer-first perspective: we work hard to understand operators needs, objectives and constraints. This allows us to function as a partner, sharing our global expertise through the solutions we deliver. |
| Innovation: our solutions are forward-looking and future proof. A scalable portfolio means that we can always offer the right solutions for the customer, based on market and position, helping our customers to create new revenue streams. |
| Delivering cost-efficiency: we ensure that the solutions we offer reduce our customers operating expenses. |
ASSETS
Throughout our business, we leverage Ericssons key competitive advantages:
| Technology leadership: we always strive to lead, innovate and set the agenda for the industry. We drive the creation of interoperable ecosystems. We have 30,000 granted patents and with over 90 license agreements we are a net receiver of royalties. We provide superior-performance networks through a unique combination of hardware and software design. |
| Services leadership: we have 56,000 services professionals worldwide operating from our ten regional service centers and four global service centers, using the same processes, methods and tools. Combining global scale advantages with local presence is what makes us unique. |
| Global presence and scale: we have established relationships with every major operator in the world and we are present in more than 180 countries. |
Building coveragetransforming networks
Extensive mobile network coverage forms the building blocks of operator business. We start by helping customers to build out coverage. When that is in place, we offer additional services and solutions that enable expansions and enhancements of the network.
This means that once operators have built a base of subscribers, they can differentiate their services, based both on quality and innovation, to retain competitive positions as markets develop.
Replicating success in services
We scale our business by replicating successes globally. This entails working closely with customers to develop new solutions. Once a successful case is proven we can roll out the same practice all over the world.
Local competence, with intimate knowledge of the business environment, works hand-in-hand with global expertise, sharing common processes, methods and tools. This ensures quality and efficiency.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
GROWTH LEVERS
We have identified three key levers for growth where we believe we have strong assets to meet market demand:
| Portfolio momentum: focusing on the areas where we have the most growth potential. These are mobile broadband, managed services and OSS and BSS. We expect the majority of growth to come from portfolio momentum. |
| Market share gain: building presence in markets that are investing more and where we see technology shifts. |
| Mergers, acquisitions and partnering: filling portfolio gaps and entering new growth areas, such as connected devices. |
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Our offering is divided into seven solution areas, each of which involves one or more of our businesses. Many of our contracts involve several solution areas. For example, services often form an important part of network projects.
MOBILE BROADBAND
Increasing user demands
Mobile broadband now accounts for approximately 15% of all mobile subscriptions. Mobile data traffic is expected to have more than doubled in 2011, mainly due to new smartphone launches and the uptake of apps. PC and tablet users generate even more data traffic, and total mobile data traffic is estimated to grow tenfold by end of 2016, mainly driven by video.
Operators need to put certain pre-requisites in place to ensure they can capitalize on mobile broadband. These include enhancing network quality, by increasing speed and capacity, and providing service differentiation.
3G/WCDMA and 4G/LTE
We expect 3G/WCDMA to be the predominant mobile broadband technology for many years to come. During the year, we demonstrated a new HSPA world speed record in a commercial network, at 168Mbps downlink. Operators will be able to take a stepped approach towards this from 42Mbps, currently the fastest service offered over commercial networks.
The next technology is LTE, which is in its initial phase. LTE covers only a few percent of the worlds population today. In five years time, it is expected that LTE will have roughly 35% population coverage.
The RBS 6000 family
The multi-standard radio base station RBS 6000 supports GSM/EDGE, WCDMA/HSPA, LTE and CDMA in a single unit. It offers cost-effective deployment and a future-proof evolution in capacity and functionality.
The RBS 6000 family now accounts for close to 100% of our radio base station deliveries. A typical deployment project, comprising mainly hardware, is followed by an upgrade and expansion phase, which involves mostly software and services. During 2011 we launched the Antenna Integrated Radio (AIR), as part of the RBS 6000 family. This product significantly reduces integration and installation time as well as energy consumption.
MULTI-STANDARD RBS 6000
GSM, WCDMA, LTE, CDMA
>1,000% more capacity
>20% better radio performance
80% lower energy consumption per subscriber
100% better MTBF*
75% less space needed
Compared to previous generations.
* Mean Time Between Failures
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Smart Services Routers
Network performance is the key operator differentiator when it comes to user experience. In 2011, we launched the SSR 8000 family, a series of Smart Services Routers. They support delivery of services across fixed and mobile networks and enable faster introduction of new user services. For operators, the SSR 8000 family provides a simple, smart and scalable solution. For users, it means access to advanced services, with telecom-grade quality from any device anywhere.
Heterogeneous networks (HetNets)
By 2016, densely populated urban areas representing less than 1% of the Earths total land area are expected to generate around 60% of total mobile traffic. In order to increase network capacity in these areas, we will build HetNets. Powerful macro radio base stations are complemented by smaller radio base stations (pico and micro) which provide extra capacity for areas where demand is particularly high.
MANAGED SERVICES
Telecom operators look to reduce costs and manage complexity. Therefore, they review their business models and look for partners that can take on a broader responsibility. In managed services agreements, Ericsson handles complex issues such as convergence, quality and capacity management, while freeing up operators resources to focus more on strategy, marketing and customer care. We can also help operators to scale quickly and cost-effectively.
We manage networks with a total of more than 900 million subscribers, of which 500 million are in network operation contracts. Winning this business has involved insourcing employees from operators around the world. This provides us with a unique insight into the operator mindset.
The networks we manage are typically complex multi-vendor, multi-technology environments, and over 50% of the equipment involved is non-Ericsson. Managed services contracts normally span five to seven years and often involve operational and process consulting.
We provide efficiency by drawing on our global scale. Our four global service centers all house global network operation centers (GNOCs) for remote delivery of network management. These are based in Romania, India, Mexico and China. As an example, more than 20 European operator networks are run from the GNOC in Romania.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Shared networks and shared capacity
To drive structural efficiencies in the networks, there is an increasing demand for business models that support shared networks and capacity between two or more operators. Managed services play a decisive role in this evolution.
Adjacent sectors
We also address sectors with similar requirements to telecom operators where we can reuse our assets and expertise. We constantly look to expand operational synergies by increasing the scope of our managed services business in each country where we operate.
OPERATIONS AND BUSINESS SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Service differentiation
In order to monetize the increasing amount of data traffic in their networks, operators are beginning to adopt new business models with tiered pricing plans. This involves finding more ways to meet user needs than one-size-fits-all monthly subscriptions. Operators introduce buckets of dataa fixed quantity that a user can utilize over a certain amount of timeor different speeds and quality guarantees. These new business models often require operators to evolve their OSS and BSS solutions.
Operators also seek to manage increasing network complexity, while retaining efficiency and simplicity in operational processes, by consolidating their systems. These OSS and BSS transformation projects are large undertakings which involve consulting and systems integration alongside the provision of our software solutions.
Control and monitoring
Ericssons operations support systems (OSS) include solutions for monitoring network performance and the delivery of services for best user experience. OSS tools are also used in the planning, building and optimization of networks.
During 2011, Ericsson announced the acquisition of Telcordia, a provider of software and services for OSS and BSS. This allows us to enhance our capabilities to handle multi-vendor systems.
Provisioning and charging
Our business support systems (BSS) include solutions for revenue management and customer care. With our convergent real-time charging solution the user gets one invoice for all services. Over 1.4 billion subscribers are charged and billed through Ericssons systems.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
With our solutions, operators can more efficiently capture and secure revenue streams. Users benefit too, gaining the ability to start using a new service or device immediately after signing up, as well as greater control over their spending.
COMMUNICATION SERVICES
Communication services are the services people use to interact with each other, such as voice and video calls as well as text and multimedia messaging. These operator-based services are provided globally and are based on industry standards, ensuring interoperability.
Users expect their communication services to provide a seamless, instantaneous experience across all devices and all subscriptions. This shift requires operators to provide new functionality and richer offerings.
Enhancing user experience
Voice still accounts for, on average, 65% of operator revenue. Operators now exploit opportunities to enhance user experience while reducing costs for voice communication. Our IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) makes this possible. Services controlled by IMS are voice (including HD voice), video calls, the Rich Communication Suite (RCS) and messaging.
HD voice
HD voice significantly improves quality of voice communication with more natural sound and improved intelligibility. It is expected to play a key role in ensuring that voice continues to provide revenue streams for operators of both fixed and mobile networks.
Voice over LTE
Currently in its trial stage, Voice over LTE (VoLTE) will enable operators to offer voice services over their all-IP LTE networks. It also brings with it new services such as HD video and richer multimedia services.
FIXED BROADBAND AND CONVERGENCE
Strong growth in data traffic drives a need for higher capacity solutions, based on IP and Ethernet technologies.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Operators compete by evolving their networks to provide fast internet speeds, reliable high-definition IPTV and video on demand. We enable this by providing end-to-end broadband access solutions via high-speed fiber (such as GPON) and copper (xDSL).
Convergence and transformation
To reduce cost and enable service bundling, fixed traffic can be provided over a multiservice network converging telephony, internet and TV. Our converged networks are IP-based, providing lower-cost and higher-performance services.
TELEVISION AND MEDIA MANAGEMENT
TV is going digital and interactive
In the converging media landscape, broadcast and broadband are coming together. The number of IPTV subscriptions worldwide is now more than 50 million. China, France and the US have particularly high IPTV subscription numbers today. We believe that the uneven spread of IPTV subscriptions in different regions is going to continue.
The worldwide digital TV market is growing rapidly. With a broad suite of open standards-based products, we offer high-quality solutions for digital TV, HDTV, video on demand, IPTV, mobile TV, connected home and content management.
High-performance solutions
High-performance video means large amounts of traffic in the networks. This can be handled with our media distribution solution for video delivery over IP, combining a content distribution network with our TV portfolio.
Our IPTV network infrastructure offers a verified end-to-end solution from video headend to broadband access, optimized for multi-stream HD-IPTV and on-demand video services. The solution also offers support for video to mobile handsets over HSPA and LTE networks.
Ericssons multiscreen TV solution combines the full features of IPTV, mobile TV and web TV with a common user interface. It fully integrates fixed line and wireless media for the first time.
Business consulting, systems integration and implementation ensure a smooth launch of new TV infrastructure and services.
CONSUMER AND BUSINESS APPLICATIONS
In todays environment, basic services come under pressure from competition. To secure differentiation and profitability, we help operators to enhance revenues and subscriber retention. Our solutions include messaging, service exposure, connectivity to social media, location-based services, media, brokering, internet commerce and enterprise applications.
Interaction and collaboration
Our Business Communication Suite (BCS) is a software-as-a-service, targeting the enterprise market. It enables the sharing of voice, data and messaging in a collaborative environment.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Ericsson Money Services offers end-to-end mobile financial services. It enables people to store, transfer and withdraw money, as well as making payments, via their mobile handsets.
Our multimedia brokering solution facilitates payment and distribution of content. We act as the interface between enterprises and multiple mobile operators with consumer data and services such as SMS.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
JANUARY-MARCH
| World speed record on a commercial HSPA network is set, at 168Mbps downlink and 24Mbps in the uplink. |
| Ericsson is selected by Telefónica O2 UK to perform network modernization in the North of the UK. |
| du in the UAE signs a five-year managed services contract with Ericsson to deliver application development and maintenance for its IT application landscape. |
| Ericsson, Verizon Wireless and Samsung demonstrate Voice over LTE (VoLTE), a global, interoperable voice solution for LTE mobile broadband networks. |
| The new Antenna Integrated Radio (AIR) product is launched. It cuts operational costs substantially and ensures a smooth introduction of new technologies and frequency bands. |
| Ericsson announces a new generation IP networking portfolio. The first product is the Smart Services Router (SSR 8000) family for fixed and mobile broadband. |
| Akamai and Ericsson announce a strategic alliance, focused on bringing to market mobile cloud acceleration solutions. |
APRIL-JUNE
| Ericsson announces the acquisition of Telenor Connexions M2M technology platform, a solution which will drive the market for M2M (machine-to-machine). |
| Ericsson signs a multi-year agreement with Rogers, Canada to deliver an end-to-end LTE network. |
| Clearwire in the US selects Ericsson for managed services: network engineering, operations and maintenance for core, transmission and access networks. |
| Ericssons first contract in the gaming industry is awarded by Mindark. The IMS solution enables live, high-quality voice communication between players while gaming. |
| Ericsson announces the acquisition of Telcordia, a global provider of OSS/BSS software and services. |
| LG U+, the first LTE service provider in Korea, places a contract with Ericsson to build an ultra-high speed LTE network. |
JULY-SEPTEMBER
| Bharti Airtel signs a five-year managed services agreement with Ericsson to manage and optimize its mobile networks in Africa, as well as a separate two-year network coverage and upgrade contract. |
| A consortium of technology companies, of which Ericsson is a part, wins the bid for all of Nortels approximately 6,000 remaining patents and patent applications. |
| SoftBank Mobile in Japan chooses Ericsson as sole supplier for next-generation packet core network (EPC) based on IP. |
| Slovak Telekom, part of the Deutsche Telekom Group signs a five-year fixed line managed-services contract with Ericsson for field maintenance and network operations. |
| MobiFone in Vietnam signs a contract with Ericsson for mobile video optimization, enabling high-quality video. |
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
| Ericsson announces a contract with Taiwans Chunghwa Telecom to deploy and integrate a new IPTV platform that will deliver multi-screen interactive multimedia services. |
| Ericsson announces further investment in competence in the global service center in India, providing operators with support and operations of IT services. |
| EastLink, Canada selects Ericsson to build a mobile broadband network for HSPA+. |
OCTOBER-DECEMBER
| Augere awards Indias first 4G/TD-LTE contract to Ericsson. The agreement includes an end-to-end TD-LTE solution, managed services and network operations. |
| Ericsson and Open Mobile sign Latin Americas first 4G/LTE contract in Puerto Rico. The deal also includes managed services. |
| Ericsson and Sony announce that Sony will acquire Ericssons 50% stake in Sony Ericsson. |
| Bharti Airtel renews and expands its managed services agreement with Ericsson for its operations in India. Under the five-year agreement, Ericsson will operate, maintain and provide services for 2G and 3G in Bharti Airtels multi-vendor network in India. |
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
For definitions of the financial terms used, see Glossary, Financial Terminology and Exchange Rates.
FIVE-YEAR SUMMARY
SEK million |
2011 | Change | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||
Income statement items |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net sales |
226,921 | 12 | % | 203,348 | 206,477 | 208,930 | 187,780 | |||||||||||||||||
Operating income |
17,900 | 9 | % | 16,455 | 5,918 | 16,252 | 30,646 | |||||||||||||||||
Financial net |
221 | | 672 | 325 | 974 | 83 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
12,569 | 12 | % | 11,235 | 4,127 | 11,667 | 22,135 | |||||||||||||||||
Year-end position |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
280,349 | 1 | % | 281,815 | 269,809 | 285,684 | 245,117 | |||||||||||||||||
Working capital as defined1) |
109,552 | 4 | % | 105,488 | 99,079 | 99,951 | 86,327 | |||||||||||||||||
Capital employed as defined1) |
186,307 | 2 | % | 182,640 | 181,680 | 182,439 | 168,456 | |||||||||||||||||
Gross cash as defined1) |
80,542 | 8 | % | 87,150 | 76,724 | 75,005 | 57,716 | |||||||||||||||||
Net cash as defined1) |
39,505 | 23 | % | 51,295 | 36,071 | 34,651 | 24,312 | |||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment |
10,788 | 14 | % | 9,434 | 9,606 | 9,995 | 9,304 | |||||||||||||||||
Stockholders equity |
143,105 | 1 | % | 145,106 | 139,870 | 140,823 | 134,112 | |||||||||||||||||
Non-controlling interest |
2,165 | 29 | % | 1,679 | 1,157 | 1,261 | 940 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing liabilities and post-employment benefits |
41,037 | 14 | % | 35,855 | 40,653 | 40,354 | 33,404 | |||||||||||||||||
Other information |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Earnings per share, basic, SEK |
3.80 | 9 | % | 3.49 | 1.15 | 3.54 | 6.87 | |||||||||||||||||
Earnings per share, diluted, SEK |
3.77 | 9 | % | 3.46 | 1.14 | 3.52 | 6.84 | |||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends per share, SEK |
2.50 | 2) | 11 | % | 2.25 | 2.00 | 1.85 | 2.50 | ||||||||||||||||
Stockholders equity per share, SEK |
44.57 | 2 | % | 45.34 | 43.79 | 44.21 | 42.17 | |||||||||||||||||
Number of shares outstanding (in millions) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
end of period, basic |
3,211 | | 3,200 | 3,194 | 3,185 | 3,180 | ||||||||||||||||||
average, basic |
3,206 | | 3,197 | 3,190 | 3,183 | 3,178 | ||||||||||||||||||
average, diluted |
3,233 | | 3,226 | 3,212 | 3,202 | 3,193 | ||||||||||||||||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment |
4,994 | 35 | % | 3,686 | 4,006 | 4,133 | 4,319 | |||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and write-downs/impairments of property, plant and equipment |
3,546 | 8 | % | 3,296 | 3,502 | 3,105 | 2,914 | |||||||||||||||||
Acquisitions/capitalization of intangible assets |
2,748 | | 7,246 | 11,413 | 1,287 | 29,838 | ||||||||||||||||||
Amortization and write-downs/impairments of intangible assets |
5,490 | 18 | % | 6,657 | 8,621 | 5,568 | 5,459 | |||||||||||||||||
Research and development expenses |
32,638 | 3 | % | 31,558 | 33,055 | 33,584 | 28,842 | |||||||||||||||||
as percentage of net sales |
14.4 | % | | 15.5 | % | 16.0 | % | 16.1 | % | 15.4 | % | |||||||||||||
Ratios |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating margin excluding joint ventures |
9.6 | % | | 8.7 | % | 6.5 | % | 8.0 | % | 12.5 | % | |||||||||||||
Operating margin |
7.9 | % | | 8.1 | % | 2.9 | % | 7.8 | % | 16.3 | % | |||||||||||||
EBITA margin as defined1) |
9.9 | % | | 11.0 | % | 6.7 | % | 9.4 | % | 18.0 | % | |||||||||||||
Cash conversion |
40 | % | | 112 | % | 117 | % | 92 | % | 66 | % | |||||||||||||
Return on equity as defined1) |
8.5 | % | | 7.8 | % | 2.6 | % | 8.2 | % | 17.2 | % | |||||||||||||
Return on capital employed as defined1) |
11.3 | % | | 9.6 | % | 4.3 | % | 11.3 | % | 20.9 | % | |||||||||||||
Equity ratio |
51.8 | % | | 52.1 | % | 52.3 | % | 49.7 | % | 55.1 | % | |||||||||||||
Capital turnover |
1.2 | | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Inventory turnover days |
78 | | 74 | 68 | 68 | 70 | ||||||||||||||||||
Trade receivables turnover |
3.6 | | 3.2 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Payment readiness, SEK million |
86,570 | 11 | % | 96,951 | 88,960 | 84,917 | 64,678 | |||||||||||||||||
as percentage of net sales |
38.1 | % | | 47.7 | % | 43.1 | % | 40.6 | % | 34.4 | % | |||||||||||||
Statistical data, year-end |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of employees |
104,525 | 16 | % | 90,261 | 82,493 | 78,740 | 74,011 | |||||||||||||||||
of which in Sweden |
17,500 | 2 | % | 17,848 | 18,217 | 20,155 | 19,781 | |||||||||||||||||
Export sales from Sweden, SEK million |
116,507 | 16 | % | 100,070 | 94,829 | 109,254 | 102,486 |
1) | These financial measures as defined by us may constitute non-IFRS measures. For a reconciliation to the most directly comparable IFRS measures, see pages 242245. |
2) | For 2011, as proposed by the Board of Directors. |
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
STOCK EXCHANGE TRADING
The Ericsson Class A and Class B shares are listed on NASDAQ OMX Stockholm. In the United States, the Class B shares are listed on NASDAQ New York in the form of American Depositary Shares (ADS) evidenced by American Depositary Receipts (ADR) under the symbol ERIC. Each ADS represents one Class B share.
In 2011, approximately 6 (6) billion Ericsson shares were traded, of which about 3.4 billion were traded on NASDAQ OMX Stockholm and about 1.6 billion were traded on NASDAQ New York. Trading volume in Ericsson shares decreased by approximately 2% on NASDAQ OMX Stockholm and decreased by approximately 2% on NASDAQ New York compared to 2010.
(Note: The approximate total volumes include trading on alternative trading venues such as BATS Europe, Burgundy, Chi-X Europe.)
THE ERICSSON SHARE
Share listings | ||||
NASDAQ OMX Stockholm |
||||
NASDAQ New York |
||||
Share data |
||||
Total number of shares in issue |
3,273,351,735 | |||
of which Class A shares |
261,755,983 | |||
of which Class B shares |
3,011,595,752 | |||
Ericsson treasury shares, Class B |
62,846,503 | |||
Quotient value |
SEK 5.00 | |||
Market capitalization, December 31, 2011 |
approx. SEK 230 b. | |||
GICs (Global Industry Classification) |
45201020 | |||
Ticker codes |
||||
NASDAQ OMX Stockholm |
ERIC A | |||
ERIC B | ||||
NASDAQ New York |
ERIC | |||
Bloomberg NASDAQ OMX Stockholm |
ERICA SS | |||
ERICB SS | ||||
Bloomberg NASDAQ |
ERIC US | |||
Reuters NASDAQ OMX Stockholm |
ERICa.ST | |||
ERICb.ST | ||||
Reuters NASDAQ |
ERIC.O | |||
ISIN |
||||
ERIC A |
SE0000108649 | |||
ERIC B |
SE0000108656 | |||
ERIC |
US2948216088 | |||
CUSIP |
294821608 |
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
CHANGES IN NUMBER OF SHARES AND CAPITAL STOCK 20072011
Number of shares | Share capital | |||||||||
2007 |
December 31 | 16,132,258,678 | 16,132,258,678 | |||||||
2008 |
June 2, reverse split 1:5 | 3,226,451,735 | 16,132,258,678 | |||||||
2008 |
July 23, new issue (Class C shares, later converted to Class B) | 19,900,000 | 99,500,000 | |||||||
2008 |
December 31 | 3,246,351,735 | 16,231,758,678 | |||||||
2009 |
June 8, new issue (Class C shares, later converted to Class B) | 27,000,000 | 135,000,000 | |||||||
2009 |
December 31 | 3,273,351,735 | 16,366,758,678 | |||||||
2010 |
December 31 | 3,273,351,735 | 16,366,758,678 | |||||||
2011 |
December 31 | 3,273,351,735 | 16,366,758,678 |
SHARE PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 20071) | ||||||||||||||||
Earnings per share, diluted (SEK)2) |
3.77 | 3.46 | 1.14 | 3.52 | 6.84 | |||||||||||||||
Stockholders equity per share, basic, end of period (SEK)3) |
44.57 | 45.34 | 43.79 | 44.21 | 42.17 | |||||||||||||||
P/E ratio |
19 | 22 | 57 | 17 | 11 | |||||||||||||||
Total shareholder return (%) |
7 | 22 | 15 | 20 | 43 | |||||||||||||||
Dividend per share (SEK)4) |
2.50 | 2.25 | 2.00 | 1.85 | 2.50 |
1) | 2007 restated for reverse split 1:5 in 2008. |
2) | Calculated on average number of shares outstanding, diluted. |
3) | Calculated on number of shares, end of period. |
4) | For 2011 as proposed by the Board of Directors. |
For definitions of the financial terms used, see Glossary, Financial Terminology and Exchange Rates.
SHARE TREND
In 2011, Ericssons total market capitalization decreased by about 10% to SEK 230 billion, compared to an increase by 18% reaching SEK 255 billion in 2010. The OMX Stockholm Index on NASDAQ OMX Stockholm decreased by 17% and the NASDAQ composite index decreased by 2%. The S&P 500 Index remained at the same level as in 2010.
21
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
22
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
OFFER AND LISTING DETAILS
Principal trading marketNASDAQ OMX Stockholmshare prices
The table below states the high and low share prices for our Class A and Class B shares as reported by NASDAQ OMX Stockholm for the last five years. Trading on the exchange generally continues until 5:30 p.m. (CET) each business day. In addition to trading on the exchange there is also trading off the exchange and on alternative venues during trading hours and also after 5:30 p.m. (CET).
NASDAQ OMX Stockholm publishes a daily Official Price List of Shares which includes the volume of recorded transactions in each listed stock, together with the prices of the highest and lowest recorded trades of the day. The Official Price List of Shares reflects price and volume information for trades completed by the members. The equity securities listed on the NASDAQ OMX Stockholm Official Price List of Shares currently comprise the shares of 259 companies.
23
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Host market NASDAQ New YorkADS prices
The table below states the high and low share prices quoted for our ADSs on NASDAQ New York for the last five years. The NASDAQ New York quotations represent prices between dealers, not including retail mark-ups, markdowns or commissions, and do not necessarily represent actual transactions.
SHARE PRICES ON NASDAQ OMX STOCKHOLM
(SEK) |
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 20071) | |||||||||||||||
Class A at last day of trading |
69.55 | 74.00 | 65.00 | 59.30 | 76.80 | |||||||||||||||
Class A high (May 16, 2011) |
93.60 | 88.40 | 78.80 | 83.60 | 148.50 | |||||||||||||||
Class A low (October 4, 2011) |
59.05 | 65.20 | 55.40 | 40.60 | 73.00 | |||||||||||||||
Class B at last day of trading |
70.40 | 78.15 | 65.90 | 58.80 | 75.90 | |||||||||||||||
Class B high (May 12, 2011) |
96.65 | 90.45 | 79.60 | 83.70 | 149.50 | |||||||||||||||
Class B low (October 4, 2011) |
61.70 | 65.90 | 55.50 | 40.60 | 72.65 |
1) | 2007 restated for reverse split 1:5 in 2008. |
SHARE PRICES ON NASDAQ NEW YORK
(USD) |
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 20071) | |||||||||||||||
ADS at last day of trading |
10.13 | 11.53 | 9.19 | 7.81 | 11.68 | |||||||||||||||
ADS high (May 10, 2011) |
15.44 | 12.39 | 10.92 | 14.00 | 21.71 | |||||||||||||||
ADS low (October 4, 2011) |
8.83 | 9.40 | 6.60 | 5.49 | 11.12 |
1) | 2007 restated for reverse split 1:5 in 2008. |
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
SHARE PRICES ON NASDAQ OMX STOCKHOLM AND NASDAQ NEW YORK
NASDAQ OMX Stockholm | NASDAQ New York |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
SEK per Class A share |
SEK per Class B share |
USD per ADS1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Period |
High | Low | High | Low | High | Low | ||||||||||||||||||
Annual high and low |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
20072) |
148.50 | 73.00 | 149.50 | 72.65 | 21.71 | 11.12 | ||||||||||||||||||
2008 |
83.60 | 40.60 | 83.70 | 40.60 | 14.00 | 5.49 | ||||||||||||||||||
2009 |
78.80 | 55.40 | 79.60 | 55.50 | 10.92 | 6.60 | ||||||||||||||||||
2010 |
88.40 | 65.20 | 90.45 | 65.90 | 12.39 | 9.40 | ||||||||||||||||||
2011 |
93.60 | 59.05 | 96.65 | 61.70 | 15.44 | 8.83 | ||||||||||||||||||
Quarterly high and low |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 First Quarter |
78.70 | 65.20 | 80.00 | 65.90 | 11.33 | 9.40 | ||||||||||||||||||
2010 Second Quarter |
88.40 | 73.00 | 90.45 | 74.15 | 12.39 | 9.51 | ||||||||||||||||||
2010 Third Quarter |
86.55 | 69.00 | 89.35 | 70.85 | 12.20 | 9.62 | ||||||||||||||||||
2010 Fourth Quarter |
77.05 | 66.95 | 79.95 | 68.85 | 11.71 | 9.96 | ||||||||||||||||||
2011 First Quarter |
80.05 | 70.50 | 83.00 | 73.25 | 13.06 | 10.99 | ||||||||||||||||||
2011 Second Quarter |
93.60 | 73.00 | 96.65 | 75.30 | 15.44 | 12.06 | ||||||||||||||||||
2011 Third Quarter |
91.80 | 60.50 | 93.80 | 63.15 | 14.82 | 9.33 | ||||||||||||||||||
2011 Fourth Quarter |
71.50 | 59.05 | 72.55 | 61.70 | 11.25 | 8.83 | ||||||||||||||||||
Monthly high and low |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
August 2011 |
78.50 | 60.80 | 81.40 | 63.15 | 12.75 | 10.08 | ||||||||||||||||||
September 2011 |
70.10 | 60.50 | 73.30 | 63.65 | 11.51 | 9.33 | ||||||||||||||||||
October 2011 |
69.95 | 59.05 | 72.20 | 61.70 | 11.25 | 8.83 | ||||||||||||||||||
November 2011 |
71.25 | 62.00 | 72.55 | 64.35 | 10.88 | 9.16 | ||||||||||||||||||
December 2011 |
71.50 | 65.60 | 71.85 | 64.75 | 10.54 | 9.27 | ||||||||||||||||||
January 2012 |
72.00 | 59.25 | 71.90 | 58.15 | 10.53 | 8.58 | ||||||||||||||||||
February 2012 |
68.00 | 62.10 | 67.90 | 61.90 | 10.39 | 9.14 | ||||||||||||||||||
March 2012 |
69.80 | 62.95 | 69.95 | 62.70 | 10.46 | 9.15 |
1) | One ADS = 1 Class B share. |
2) | 2007 restated for reverse split 1:5 in 2008. |
SHAREHOLDERS
As of December 31, 2011, the Parent Company had 592,542 shareholders registered at Euroclear Sweden AB (the Central Securities DepositoryCSD), of which 1,320 holders had a US address. According to information provided by Citibank, there were 211,822,341 ADSs outstanding as of December 31, 2011, and 4,702 registered holders of such ADSs. A significant number of Ericsson ADSs are held by banks, broker and/or nominees for the accounts of their customer. As of January 12, 2012, the total number of bank, broker and/or nominee accounts holding Ericsson ADSs was 168,430.
According to information known at year-end 2011, approximately 80% of our Class A and Class B shares were owned by institutions, Swedish and international.
Our major shareholders do not have different voting rights than other shareholders holding the same classes of shares.
As far as we know, the Company is not directly or indirectly owned or controlled by another corporation, by any foreign government or by any other natural or legal person(s) separately or jointly.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
THE EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIP TEAM AND BOARD MEMBERS, OWNERSHIP
Number of Class A shares |
Number of Class B shares |
Voting rights, percent |
||||||||||
The Executive Leadership Team and Board members as a group (32 persons) |
750 | 3,712,484 | 0.07 |
For individual holdings, see Corporate Governance Report.
The table shows the total number of shares in the Parent Company owned by the Executive Leadership Team and Board members (including Deputy employee representatives) as a group as of December 31, 2011.
26
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
The following table shows share information, as of December 31, 2011, with respect to our 15 largest shareholders, ranked by voting rights, as well as percentage of voting rights as of December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009.
LARGEST SHAREHOLDERS, DECEMBER 31, 2011 AND PERCENTAGE OF VOTING RIGHTS, DECEMBER 31, 2011, 2010 AND 2009
Identity of person or group1) |
Number of Class A shares |
Of total Class A shares, percent |
Number
of Class B shares |
Of total Class B shares, percent |
2011 Voting rights, percent |
2010 Voting rights, percent |
2009 Voting rights, percent |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Investor AB |
115,018,707 | 43.94 | 58,709,995 | 1.95 | 21.48 | 19.33 | 19.33 | |||||||||||||||||||||
AB Industrivärden |
80,708,520 | 30.83 | 0 | 0.00 | 14.34 | 13.80 | 13.62 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Handelsbankens Pensionsstiftelse |
23,648,790 | 9.03 | 0 | 0.00 | 4.20 | 3.52 | 3.52 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Swedbank Robur Fonder AB |
1,501,376 | 0.57 | 141,913,401 | 4.71 | 2.79 | 2.73 | 3.07 | |||||||||||||||||||||
AFA Försäkring AB |
11,423,000 | 4.36 | 15,779,975 | 0.52 | 2.31 | 0.45 | 0.47 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Blackrock Fund Advisors |
26,316 | 0.01 | 82,156,094 | 2.73 | 1.46 | 1.44 | 1.81 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Pensionskassan SHB Försäkringsförening |
7,798,000 | 2.98 | 0 | 0.00 | 1.39 | 2.07 | 2.25 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Skandia Liv |
6,327,567 | 2.42 | 13,372,958 | 0.44 | 1.36 | 2.98 | 3.02 | |||||||||||||||||||||
AMF Pensionsförsäkring AB |
0 | 0.00 | 75,600,000 | 2.51 | 1.34 | 1.34 | 1.30 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Norges Bank Investment Management |
0 | 0.00 | 69,572,027 | 2.31 | 1.24 | 0.89 | 0.89 | |||||||||||||||||||||
OppenheimerFunds, Inc. |
0 | 0.00 | 67,628,249 | 2.25 | 1.20 | 1.29 | 1.29 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Aberdeen Asset Managers Ltd. |
0 | 0.00 | 58,953,636 | 1.96 | 1.05 | 1.01 | 0.71 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Dodge & Cox, Inc. |
0 | 0.00 | 54,067,771 | 1.80 | 0.96 | 1.43 | 1.05 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Handelsbanken Fonder AB |
0 | 0.00 | 54,063,621 | 1.80 | 0.96 | 1.05 | 0.94 | |||||||||||||||||||||
SEB Investment Management AB |
119,860 | 0.05 | 48,162,614 | 1.60 | 0.88 | 0.99 | 0.89 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Others |
15,183,847 | 5.80 | 2,271,615,411 | 75.43 | 43.05 | 45.68 | 45.84 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Total |
261,755,983 | 100.00 | 3,011,595,752 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1) | Source: Capital Precision. |
27
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Dear shareholders,
Thank you for electing me Chairman of the Board of Ericsson. I have spent my first year here improving my understanding of Ericssons competitive advantages.
With my engineering background and passion for the field, I thought I had a reasonably good understanding of how a mobile network operates. Over the past year, I have been fascinated to realize that the architecture of a mobile system is much deeper and more complex than I imagined. This is especially true in areas where mobile systems connect with the internet. Ericsson has managed to strengthen its leading position in this industry which proves the Companys unique technology leadership.
Ericsson is not only a high-tech, skilled software and engineering company. The Company also has genuine skills in broader communication systems, processes and of course services operations. The Board is pleased that Ericsson emerged from 2011 as a stronger competitor and with its clear vision on how to be part of and where to take the industry, Ericsson is positioned to continue to be its global thought leader.
Close to the customer
Over the past year, the Board of Directors has spent time reviewing Ericssons strategy as well as the development of the industry. Key topics have included how telecom operators business models are transforming, with new traffic patterns, driven by devices such as smartphones and tablets. Another important topic has been how our organizational structure can secure that Ericsson always stays close to the customer. A key competitive advantage for Ericsson is its ability to really understand and support telecom operators in developing their business models and optimizing their assets.
The economic environment, and its potential impact on Ericsson and its customers, has of course also been a part of our meetings. It is important for the Board of Directors to follow the contingency plans that the management team has prepared to be able to adapt quickly to tougher times when needed. We are confident that such plans are in place and operating where appropriate.
Divestment of Sony Ericsson
In 2011, we took the decision to divest our 50% share in Sony Ericsson to Sony Corporation. The transaction is a logical strategic step that makes it possible for Ericsson to focus on enabling connectivity for all devices.
The Board of Directors continued to monitor the Companys remuneration principles during the year. We believe that Ericsson has a well-balanced and competitive compensation structure which rewards performance. At the Annual General Meeting 2011 the incentive targets for the Executive Performance Stock Plan were changed. They now relate to top-line growth as well as operating income and cash flow performance. This Performance Plan runs for three years, so it is too early to evaluate it. However, our impression is that the Plan targets are clear, relevant and have the desired effect of focusing everyone on the same key goals for Ericsson.
Strong financial position
An essential part of the Boards responsibilities is to manage the Companys financial position. The Company has a strong balance sheet today and we believe it is appropriate to be fairly conservative under the present economic conditions. We want to use cash on hand to further develop the Company, making investments
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
in own product and business development. In addition, we will, as before, consider selective acquisitions. The Companys dividend policy takes into account last years earnings and balance sheet structure, as well as coming years business plans and economic development.
I have greatly enjoyed my first year at Ericsson. I have been kindly welcomed and I have liked interacting with everyone at Ericsson. It is never by chance that companies become successful. I am impressed with the professionalism and perseverance I have found among Ericsson people and want to thank all of them for their dedication and hard work.
Leif Johansson
Chairman of the Board
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
TARGETS AND PERFORMANCE
The non-IFRS financial measures presented herein are not recognized measures of financial performance under IFRS, but rather are measures reported to facilitate analysis by indicating Ericssons underlying performance excluding impact from restructuring. Non-IFRS measures have limitations as analytical tools and should not be viewed in isolation or as substitutes to the IFRS measures. A reconciliation of non-IFRS measures with the most directly comparable IFRS measures can be found on pages 41 and 242245.
Ericssons overall goal is to create shareholder value.
Management uses four metrics to evaluate the Companys long-term ambitions: sales growth faster than the market, a best-in-class operating margin, growth in joint ventures earnings and a strong cash conversion. The Board of Directors has translated these metrics into three performance criteria in the Executive Performance Stock Plan, included in the Companys Long-Term Variable (LTV) remuneration program. These performance criteria have also been approved by the Annual General Meeting.
Long-term ambitions
Grow faster than the market
Early internal market data indicates that Ericsson increased its market share in mobile network equipment by 6 percentage points to 38% in 2011, reaching twice the market size of the second largest supplier in this market. This includes the technologies GSM/EDGE, WCDMA/HSPA, CDMA and LTE.
LTE technology is in an early build-out phase. Ericsson estimates its market share in LTE at more than 60%. This makes Ericsson the largest supplier of LTE.
With its CDMA offering, Ericsson has a strong position in North America, where the Company increased its market share in 2011.
In telecom services, internal market data indicates that the Company at least kept its market share of more than 10% and is larger than any of its competitors in this fragmented market.
Best-in-class operating margin
The Companys operating margin before share in JV earnings was 9.6% (12.0%). The 2010 number excludes restructuring charges. In 2010, operating margin was 8.7% before share in JV earnings and including restructuring charges. Based on reported results for 2011, the operating margin remains the highest among the Companys traditional publicly listed telecom competitors.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Growth in JV earnings
Joint ventures earnings decreased to SEK 3.8 (0.7) billion. The figure for 2011 includes restructuring charges of SEK 0.6 billion, while 2010 excludes restructuring charges of SEK 0.5 billion. Ericssons share in earnings from Sony Ericsson was SEK 1.2 (0.9) billion, including restructuring charges of SEK 0.4 billion in 2011 and excluding restructuring charges of SEK 0.2 billion in 2010. The share in earnings in ST-Ericsson was SEK 2.7 (1.5) billion, including restructuring charges of SEK 0.1 billion in 2011 and excluding restructuring charges of SEK 0.3 billion in 2010.
Sony Ericssons loss related to intense competition, price erosion, restructuring charges and supply chain issues following the earthquake and tsunami in Japan. In October 2011, Ericsson announced the divestment of its 50% share in Sony Ericsson to Sony Corporation.
ST-Ericsson is in a transitional phase, moving from legacy products to new products.
Strong cash conversion
The cash conversion rate was 40% (112%), negatively impacted by higher working capital.
Cash conversion is defined as cash flow from operating activities divided by net income reconciled to cash.
Executive Performance Stock Plan
The Company has a Long-Term Variable (LTV) remuneration program. The program builds on a common platform, but consists of three separate plans, targeting all employees, key contributors and senior managers respectively. The LTV program is designed to encourage long-term value creation in alignment with shareholders interests.
The aim of the plan for senior managers is to attract, retain and motivate executives in a competitive market through performance-based share related incentives and to encourage the build-up of significant equity stakes. The performance criteria for senior management, i.e. the Executive Performance Stock Plan, are revised yearly and approved by the Annual General Meeting. Performance criteria for the 2012 Executive Performance Stock Plan will be communicated in the notice to the Annual General Meeting.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
In the 2011 Executive Performance Stock Plan the performance criteria are:
1. | Up to one third of the award will vest if the compound annual growth rate of consolidated net sales is 410% from 2010 to 2013. |
2. | Up to one third of the award will vest if the compound annual growth rate of consolidated operating income, including earnings in joint ventures and restructuring, is 515% from 2010 to 2013. Base year 2010 is calculated excluding restructuring of SEK 6.8 billion. |
3. | Up to one third of the award will vest if cash conversion is at or above 70% during each of the years 20112013, vesting one ninth of the total award for each year if the target is achieved. The target was not reached in 2011. |
The Board of Directors will consider the impact of larger acquisitions, divestments, the creation of joint ventures and any other significant capital event on the three targets on a case-by-case basis. This consideration will be made in the evaluation of the program after it closes.
Working capital targets
Ericssons working capital targets are described on pages 4546. The targets remain for 2012.
Other performance indicators
Ericsson believes that satisfied customers and motivated employees are key to success.
Customer satisfaction
Every year, an independent customer satisfaction survey is performed. In 2011 approximately 10,000 representatives of Ericsson customers, in different positions around the world, were polled to assess their satisfaction with Ericsson, compared to its main competitors. Over the past five years, Ericsson has maintained a level of excellence. The goal is to increase this level further.
Employee engagement
In order to measure employee engagement, an annual survey is conducted by an independent company. In 2011, 90% (87%) of all employees across the world responded to the survey.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
In the Employee Engagement Index, Ericsson scored 77, which is 10% higher than the worldwide average. This is a globally-recognized benchmark which is used by more than 190 companies with over 7 million respondents. It incorporates measurements of motivation, satisfaction and commitment.
VISION AND MISSION
Ericssons vision and mission are the motivation behind everything the Company does.
Vision
The Companys vision is to be the prime driver in an all-communicating world. Ericsson envisions a continued evolution, from having connected 6 billion people to connecting 50 billion things. The Company envisions that anything that can benefit from being connected will be connected, mainly via mobile broadband.
Mission
The Companys mission is Innovating to empower people, business and society.
CORE VALUES
Respect, professionalism and perseverance are the values that are the foundation of the Ericsson culture. They guide all employees in their daily work, how they relate to people and how they do business.
TRENDS AND DRIVERS
The general industry trend in 2011 was the focus on high performance broadband networks. This includes the mobile broadband business case for customers, meeting increased user demands and the strong uptake of mobile devices such as tablets and smartphones.
Prices of smartphones continued to decline and in high growth markets, smartphones at a retail price of less than USD 100 were introduced. Operators started to look into tiered pricing and new business models for mobile broadband, as well as the introduction of cloud-based services. In Europe, operators started to modernize their mobile networks, while it became an increasing interest among operators globally to transform their Operations Support Systems (OSS) and Business Support Systems (BSS).
When forecasting the market and developing internal plans, Ericsson looks at a number of parameters. These include:
| High-traffic smartphone subscriptions, as percentage of total subscriptions |
| Average data traffic, measured in Mbytes per subscription per month |
| Mobile broadband subscriptions as percentage of total mobile subscriptions. |
Out of the installed base of subscriptions worldwide only around 10% use smartphones. With cheaper smartphones being introduced, this number is expected to grow.
Ericsson estimates that overall mobile data traffic more than doubled in 2011. Mobile data traffic is expected to grow tenfold by end of 2016, mainly driven by video.
Traffic per subscriber partly relates to the screen size of the device. On average, a mobile PC user generates about 2 Gbytes of data per month, while a high-traffic smartphone user generates approximately 500 Mbytes per month.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
The coverage of the worlds mobile networks is constantly increasing as more radio base stations are being deployed. GSM/EDGE is the technology that by far has the widest reach, and today covers more than 85% of the worlds population. WCDMA/HSPA covered about 35% of the population in 2010 and now covers more than 45% of the worlds population.
Further build out of WCDMA/HSPA coverage will be driven by the availability of affordable smartphones, the surge in mobile broadband services and faster speeds, as well as regulators requirements to connect unconnected people. By end of 2016, the Company estimates that 80% of the worlds population will have WCDMA/HSPA coverage.
The combined 2G and 3G population coverage for CDMA is estimated to be above 50%. CDMA coverage is expected to grow slightly, and most large CDMA operators have announced a migration plan to LTE.
Several major operators have started LTE deployments but in terms of population coverage LTE has a long way to go. In five years time, it is expected that LTE will have a population coverage of about 35%. In terms of global operator investments, WCDMA/HSPA is expected to remain the leading mobile access technology for many years.
From a geographical perspective, GSM only lacks coverage in certain rural areas, while there are still large densely populated areas lacking WCDMA/HSPA coverage.
GSM/EDGE, WCDMA/HSPA and LTE are all expected to increase both in terms of population and land coverage. LTE is expected to have an even faster adoption rate than previous technologies.
STRATEGY
By capitalizing on, investing in, developing and combining the Companys key competitive assets of technology leadership, services leadership and global presence and scale, Ericsson aims to continue to be the prime driver in the evolving telecom industry and a leading player in the ICT industry.
The installed base of radio access is the foundation for Ericssons business. From the installed base, the Company believes it can expand the product base to other domains such as IP, core, OSS and BSS. Over the past ten years, the Company has built a significant services business, representing 37% of total revenues in 2011.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
The services strategy starts with the product base and product-near services. By being successful in areas such as managed services (i.e. operators outsourcing network operations to the Company), consulting and systems integration, the Company gets yet another entry point to the market, which is an opportunity to generate more business.
Cost awareness is an everyday component in the Company. Keeping up with competition from low cost countries has required Ericsson to focus on operational efficiency in every part of the business.
Global presence and scale
With business in more than 180 countries, the Company has a strong global presence. Ericsson does business with all major operators. Ericssons customers have, to a large extent, multi-country presence. All this, in combination with its leading market position, gives Ericsson important scale advantages.
The Company has secured a mobile network market share of 43% in the worlds 100 largest cities. This is important for future business, since close to 60% of the worlds traffic in mobile networks is estimated to be generated in metro and urban areas by 2016.
Ericsson has established common ways of working across the Company. These include global IT tools, one sales channel across all segments and global knowledge sharing, which creates efficiencies and enable quick responses to customer requests.
Technology leadership
Key for success in the telecom industry is the delivery of future-proof, high-quality networks and solutions. The consumer experience is crucial for any operator. In addition, telecom operators want suppliers who can guarantee the entire ecosystem, from applications, solutions and networks to handsets and mobile broadband modules.
To keep its technology leadership, Ericsson invested SEK 32.6 billion, including restructuring charges of SEK 0.6 billion, in R&D in 2011. This compares with SEK 29.9 billion in 2010, excluding restructuring charges of SEK 1.7 billion. The Company took a strategic decision to increase R&D spending in 2011 in order to develop its new family of Smart Services Router (SSR 8000) products, TD-LTE and a CDMA unit for the radio base station RBS 6000.
Ericsson focuses on optimizing networks and making them function well under high traffic loads. Every product and device from any supplier must be optimized for best network performance.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Most of the Companys R&D investment is in software development. With smarter software, algorithms, processes and designs, Ericsson secures that its networks and solutions have the industrys best performance.
By investing in R&D, the Company maintains its position as a key contributor in the development of open telecom standards. Ericsson believes it is the strongest holder of essential patents in the wireless industry. Since these standards are developed in industry-wide collaboration to ensure multi-vendor interoperability, patent holders waive their monopolies and commit to licensing their part of the technology to others wanting to use it. The Company complies with fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory licensing (FRAND). This fair return licensing provides incentive to make further investments in R&D, while also allowing for new entrants to commercialize the technology at a reasonable cost. International standards and FRAND licensing are fundamental for the telecom ecosystem and are a prerequisite for the global success of mobile communications.
In R&D as well as in other areas, Ericsson has high cost awareness. Over several years, the Company has developed common software and hardware stacks as well as common components and platforms, all of which reduce cost.
Services leadership
Local services competence and highly skilled project leaders are both prerequisites for success in telecom services. Ericsson has invested approximately USD 1 billion in processes, methods and tools in order to secure common global frameworks and ways of working. Standardization of services, tools harmonization, centralization of deliveries and high competence in the delivery organization are all essential in order to drive quality and profitability.
Employees
Ericsson strives to have the best talent base in the industry. To achieve this, the Company has four objectives:
| To attract the best talent |
Ericsson is strengthening its employer brand, to ensure fast, effective recruitment processes.
| To have the right talent in the right place |
The Company is developing a holistic career and competence model to help employees understand available career paths. Ericsson encourages more rotation to allow employees to take on new challenges.
| To ensure high performance at all times |
Ericsson has clear goals and objectives and conveys an understanding of how each individual can contribute to reach these goals. Managers and employees alike should give and receive feedback.
| To maintain a strong leadership bench |
Ericsson has clear processes in place to identify talent. Todays managers have a responsibility to cultivate tomorrows leaders, and are encouraged to do so.
BUSINESS FOCUS 2011
Portfolio momentum
Meeting demand for mobile broadband
In 2011, there was a high demand for mobile broadband-related equipment including packet core, IP routers and microwave-based backhaul. Ericsson continued its ramp-up of the multi-standard radio base station
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
RBS 6000. At year-end, the RBS 6000 represented close to 100% of all deliveries of GSM/ WCDMA/LTE radio base stations. This is the quickest product introduction ever in the Companys history. The introduction has been smooth.
In March 2011, Japan was hit by the tragic earthquake and tsunami. To mitigate effects on the business, Ericsson took action immediately such as securing component supply from new sources and re-designing products. By the third quarter, all remaining supply chain effects had been eliminated and lead time was back to normal.
Momentum for managed services
Recognizing that quality of service is becoming increasingly important, operators saw the need to differentiate themselves from competition by deploying superior, scalable networks emphasizing better user experience and quality. This also drove demand for services which target the operational efficiency of operators, such as managed services.
Momentum in OSS and BSS
Operators focused on transforming their BSS solutions, including customer segmentation models, and ways to handle data growth and tiered pricing. Many operators started looking into the transformation of their OSS solutions, although few have reached the deployment phase.
Market share gain
Early internal market data indicates that Ericsson gained market share in mobile network equipment by 6 percentage points to 38%, thanks to a combination of winning new customers and growing existing customers.
In Europe, network modernization is under way. Ericsson took a strategic decision to increase its market share in Europe when operators started to look into modernizing their networks, despite initial pressure on Group margins. The mobile networks in Europe are the worlds oldest and the reduced power consumption in modern equipment alone makes it a good business case for operators to replace old equipment with new. When operators in Europe deployed 3G some ten years ago, Ericsson could not afford the customer financing requirements and lost market share in 3G versus 2G. In the European network modernization, Ericssons strategy in 2011 has been to win back 3G market share.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Acquisitions, partnerships and divestments
| Telcordia, announced acquisition for USD 1.15 billion in an all cash consideration, filling portfolio gaps in OSS and BSS |
| Akamai, partnership in mobile cloud accelerator |
| Sony Ericsson, divestment of the 50% share to Sony |
| Telenor Connexion, acquisition of machine-to-machine platform |
| Nortel, acquisition of GDNT in China, of patents in partnership with other companies and acquisition of their Multi-Service Switch (MSS) business. |
Monetizing on the patent portfolio
In the networked society, Ericsson envisions that anything that benefits from being connected will be connected. In this scenario, Ericsson foresees new entrants to the connectivity markets, both from device and equipment manufacturers and from other industries. Since Ericsson believes it is the strongest holder of essential patents in the wireless industry, any company that uses connectivity today will likely require a license to Ericssons patents.
Ericsson has over 90 license agreements and is a net receiver of royalties. The Companys portfolio is well-licensed and gives customers good protection.
COMPETITIVE ASSETS
Global presence and scale as assets
Ericsson has customers in more than 180 countries. Of 104,525 employees across the world, 56,000 are services professionals. This makes Ericsson a true global player.
Ericssons market share in mobile network equipment makes it twice that of the number two player. This provides scale advantages.
The Company has a mobile network equipment market share of 43% in the worlds 100 largest cities.
More than 1.4 billion consumers are charged and billed through Ericssons solutions. In the OSS and BSS market, the Company is aspiring to a leading position.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Technology leadership as an asset
Ericsson has more than 22,000 employees in R&D. Measured in software revenues, Ericsson is the worlds fifth largest software company. The Company has 30,000 granted patents covering all generations of mobile technologies. Ericsson believes it has the industrys strongest wireless IPR portfolio. In LTE, Ericsson expects to hold approximately 25% of all essential patents. IPR revenues were SEK 6.2 (4.6) billion in 2011.
The Companys unique combination of software and hardware provides superior performance in live networks. Measurements in live networks show that Ericsson networks have higher performance than its competitors. Ericssons software design targets stability and optimized commercial performance in networks. In radio, The Companys software is run on proprietary hardware while in OSS and BSS the software is largely independent of hardware. In both areas, the strategy is to make the products configurable and flexible to integrate with a common platform strategy.
In 2011, Ericsson introduced its new Smart Services Router (SSR 8000) family. Volume deliveries are expected in 2012. It is the first router ever to be built on a common platform for fixed and mobile applications.
Services leadership as an asset
Ericsson estimates its market share in telecom services at over 10%, making the Company the leader in this highly fragmented market. Of Ericssons 56,000 services professionals, some 12,000 are involved in consulting and systems integration. Many employees have been transferred from telecom operators in managed services deals over the recent years and represent an important experience base.
Ericsson provides support to networks that serve more than two billion subscribers 24/7, and has global service centers in China, India, Mexico and Romania. The Company also has ten regional service centers across the world.
In 2011, Ericsson participated in 1,200 major deployment projects, of which 100 were large and complex turnkey projects. The Company was also involved in 1,300 consulting and systems integration projects.
Ericsson has more than 15 years of experience in managed services and manages networks with 900 million subscribers.
BUSINESS MIX DYNAMICS
Ericssons gross margin and the amount of capital tied up by projects vary with project type. Typically, there are two types of projects: coverage and capacity/expansions. These are to a high degree related to the mobile networks technology cycles, which are long, normally 10 to 20 years. Coverage projects are frequent in the initial phases of a technology cycle whereas capacity/expansion projects typically occur towards the later stages of a cycle.
The initial phase of a technology cycle includes a higher degree of coverage buildouts and more rollout services. In many parts of the world, such as in Europe where networks are now being modernized, the projects are often of a turnkey character and civil works are sometimes part of the commitment. There is more hardware involved resulting in lower gross margin and a larger tie-up of capital in equipment.
When coverage has been built and traffic in the network increases, the operator moves into the capacity/expansion phase. In this phase, capacity is increased, either by expanding a radio base station with software upgrades to higher speeds or by adding more sites. In capacity/expansion projects, the Company sells a larger share of software and integration services, which yields higher gross margins, and ties up less capital.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Ericsson is now in a phase when there is more hardware in the business mix. This is due to the technology cycle where WCDMA/HSPA, i.e. mobile broadband, is being rolled out. To a high degree, operators now deploy the new multi-standard radio base station RBS 6000. This means that a limited amount of hardware installations will be needed when operators upgrade to LTE in the future.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
FINANCIAL RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
ABBREVIATED INCOME STATEMENT WITH RECONCILIATION IFRSNON-IFRS MEASURES
IFRS | Restructuring charges | Non-IFRS measures | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SEK billion |
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net sales |
226.9 | 203.3 | 206.5 | 226.9 | 203.3 | 206.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of sales |
147.2 | 129.1 | 136.3 | 1.2 | 3.4 | 4.2 | 146.0 | 125.7 | 132.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Gross income |
79.7 | 74.3 | 70.2 | 1.2 | 3.4 | 4.2 | 80.9 | 77.6 | 74.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross margin % |
35.1 | % | 36.5 | % | 34.0 | % | 35.7 | % | 38.2 | % | 36.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Operating expenses |
59.3 | 58.6 | 60.0 | 2.0 | 3.5 | 7.1 | 57.3 | 55.2 | 52.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses as % of sales |
26.1 | % | 28.8 | % | 29.0 | % | 25.3 | % | 27.1 | % | 25.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other operating income and expenses |
1.3 | 2.0 | 3.1 | | | | 1.3 | 2.0 | 3.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Operating income before share in earnings of JVs and associated companies |
21.7 | 17.6 | 13.3 | 3.2 | 6.8 | 11.3 | 24.9 | 24.4 | 24.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating margin % before share in earnings of JVs and associated companies |
9.6 | % | 8.7 | % | 6.5 | % | 11.0 | % | 12.0 | % | 11.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Share in earnings of JVs and associated companies |
3.8 | 1.2 | 7.4 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 1.3 | 3.2 | 0.7 | 6.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Operating income |
17.9 | 16.5 | 5.9 | 3.7 | 7.3 | 12.6 | 21.6 | 23.7 | 18.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating margin % |
7.9 | % | 8.1 | % | 2.9 | % | 9.5 | % | 11.7 | % | 9.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Financial income and expense, net |
0.2 | 0.7 | 0.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taxes |
5.6 | 4.5 | 2.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
12.6 | 11.2 | 4.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EPS diluted (SEK) |
3.77 | 3.46 | 1.14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The non-IFRS financial measures presented herein are not recognized measures of financial performance under IFRS, but rather are measures used as supplemental information to the IFRS results. Since there were restructuring costs during 2009 and 2010 with significant impact on reported results and margins, certain income statement line items excluding restructuring charges, are presented as non-IFRS measures to facilitate analysis by indicating Ericssons underlying performance. Non-IFRS measures have limitations as analytical tools and should not be viewed in isolation or as substitutes to the IFRS measures, and do not necessarily indicate whether cash flow will be sufficient or available to meet Ericssons requirements, and may not be indicative of our historical operating results, nor are such measures meant to be predictive of future results. Non-IFRS measures for 2011 have also been included to facilitate comparison with previous years. For more details on the restructuring activities and corresponding charges, please see Note C5Expenses by Nature.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Sales
2011 was a year with strong sales growth of 12%, driven by strong demand for mobile broadband along with network rollout services. Sales were negatively impacted by the strong SEK. Sales for comparable units, adjusted for currency exchange rate effects and hedging, increased 19%.
In 2011, the Company executed on its strategy to leverage its strengths in the growth areas mobile broadband, managed services, OSS and BSS. Due to the technology cycle where mobile broadband is being rolled out, the business mix shifted to more coverage projects. Ericsson also implemented its strategy to capture new market share in the network modernization projects in Europe, despite their initial lower margins.
In 2011, seven out of ten regions grew. In the year, there was an impact from slower operator spending after a period of high investments in capacity, especially in North America and Russia, as well as political unrest in certain countries. In the last quarter of the year, the Company also noticed some increased operator cautiousness due to uncertainties such as economic development and continued political unrest in certain countries.
In 2011, the share of software sales declined to 23% (24%) of sales while the portion of hardware increased to 40% (37%). The increase in hardware is a result of demand for mobile broadband products. In the short term, the software share might continue to decrease due to a higher portion of projects with a lot of hardware. Longer term, the software part should increase following more expansions and upgrades of networks.
Services sales amounted to 37% (39%) in 2011.
Seasonality
The Companys quarterly sales, income and cash flow from operations are seasonal in nature, generally lowest in the first quarter of the year and highest in the fourth quarter. This is mainly a result of the seasonal purchase patterns of network operators.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
MOST RECENT FIVE-YEAR AVERAGE SEASONALITY
First quarter |
Second quarter |
Third quarter |
Fourth quarter |
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Sequential change |
21 | % | 8 | % | 4 | % | 27 | % | ||||||||
Share of annual sales |
23 | % | 24 | % | 23 | % | 30 | % |
Financial numbers in this section are reported:
| for 2011, including restructuring charges |
| for 2010, excluding restructuring charges. |
Gross margin
Gross margin declined to 35.1% (38.2%) due to higher share of coverage projects, network modernization projects in Europe and 3G rollouts in India. Gross margin in 2010, including restructuring charges, amounted to 36.5%.
Operating expenses
To secure continued technology leadership, focus is on innovation and R&D. R&D expenses amounted to SEK 32.6 (29.9) billion. Spending on R&D as a percentage of sales was 14.4% (14.7%). In 2010, R&D spend including restructuring charges was SEK 31.6 billion or 15.5% of sales. The increase in absolute number is a result of planned higher investments in radio, such as TD-LTE, IP and the acquired LG-Ericsson operations. In 2012, R&D expenses of SEK 2931 billion is estimated. The estimate includes amortizations/write-downs of intangible assets related to major acquisitions previously made. However, currency effects may cause this to change.
Selling and administrative expenses represented 11.8% of sales compared to 12.4% in 2010. The amount was SEK 26.7 (25.3) billion. In 2010, the amount including restructuring charges was SEK 27.1 billion, representing 13.3% of sales. In the year, there were positive effects from efficiency work along with the strong SEK.
Operating margin before JVs
Operating margin before share in JV earnings decreased to 9.6% (12.0%). However, in 2010, operating margin before share in JV earnings and including restructuring charges amounted to 8.7%.
Share in earnings of JVs
In 2011, Sony Ericsson reported a loss. The loss reflects intense competition, price erosion, restructuring charges and supply chain issues following the earthquake and tsunami in Japan. Ericssons share in Sony Ericssons income before tax was SEK 1.2 (0.9) billion. In 2010, Ericssons share amounted to SEK 0.7 billion including restructuring charges.
ST-Ericsson reported a loss also in 2011. ST-Ericsson is currently in a shift from legacy to new products. Ericssons share in ST-Ericssons income before tax, adjusted to IFRS, was SEK 2.7 (1.5) billion. In 2010, the loss amounted to SEK 1.8 billion including restructuring charges.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Operating income
Operating income was SEK 17.9 (23.7) billion. However, in 2010, operating income including restructuring charges amounted to SEK 16.5 billion.
Financial net
The financial net was SEK 0.2 (0.7) billion. The difference is mainly attributable to a higher interest net of SEK 0.8 billion compared to 2010.
Taxes
The tax expense for the year was SEK 5.6 (4.5) billion or 30.6% (28.8%) of income after financial items. The tax rate may vary between years depending on business and geographic mix. The tax rate excluding joint ventures and associated companies was 26.4% (25.7%) due to lower tax rates from the loss-making joint ventures.
Net income
Net income increased 12% to SEK 12.6 (11.2) billion driven by higher sales and lower restructuring charges.
Earnings per share, diluted
Earnings per share increased 9% to SEK 3.77 (3.46). The Board of Directors proposes a dividend of SEK 2.50 (2.25). This represents an increase of 11%.
Restructuring charges
Total restructuring charges were SEK 3.2 (6.8) billion, excluding joint ventures. Cash outlays that have been provided for were SEK 3.2 (3.3) billion. At the end of the year, cash outlays of SEK 1.3 billion remain to be made. In 2012, restructuring charges of approximately SEK 4 billion are estimated.
Ericssons share in Sony Ericssons restructuring charges amounted to SEK 0.4 (0.2) billion. Ericssons share in ST-Ericssons restructuring charges was SEK 0.1 (0.3) billion.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Expenses (SEK billion)1) |
32.6 | 29.9 | 27.0 | |||||||||
As percent of Net sales |
14.4 | % | 14.7 | % | 13.1 | % | ||||||
Employees within R&D as of December 312) |
22,400 | 20,800 | 18,300 | |||||||||
Patents2) |
30,000 | 27,000 | 25,000 |
1) | Excluding restructuring charges for 2009 and 2010. |
2) | The number of employees and patents are approximate. |
44
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
FINANCIAL POSITION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (ABBREVIATED)
December 31, SEK billion |
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||
ASSETS |
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Non-current assets, total |
81.5 | 83.4 | 87.4 | |||||||||
of which intangible assets |
44.0 | 46.8 | 48.2 | |||||||||
of which property, plant and equipment |
10.8 | 9.4 | 9.6 | |||||||||
of which financial assets |
13.7 | 14.5 | 15.3 | |||||||||
of which deferred tax assets |
13.0 | 12.7 | 14.3 | |||||||||
Current assets, total |
198.8 | 198.4 | 182.4 | |||||||||
of which inventory |
33.1 | 29.9 | 22.7 | |||||||||
of which trade receivables |
64.5 | 61.1 | 66.4 | |||||||||
of which other receivables/financing |
20.7 | 20.2 | 16.6 | |||||||||
of which short-term investments, cash and cash equivalents |
80.5 | 2) | 87.2 | 76.7 | ||||||||
Total assets |
280.3 | 281.8 | 269.8 | |||||||||
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES |
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Equity |
145.3 | 146.8 | 141.0 | |||||||||
Non-current liabilities |
38.1 | 38.3 | 43.3 | |||||||||
of which post-employment benefits |
10.0 | 5.1 | 8.5 | |||||||||
of which borrowings |
23.3 | 27.0 | 30.0 | |||||||||
of which other non-current liabilities |
4.8 | 6.2 | 4.8 | |||||||||
Current liabilities |
97.0 | 96.8 | 85.5 | |||||||||
of which provisions |
6.0 | 9.4 | 12.0 | |||||||||
of which current borrowings |
7.8 | 3.8 | 2.1 | |||||||||
of which trade payables |
25.3 | 25.0 | 18.9 | |||||||||
of which other current liabilities |
58.0 | 58.6 | 52.5 | |||||||||
Total equity and liabilities1) |
280.3 | 281.8 | 269.8 |
1) | Of which interest-bearing liabilities and post-employment benefits SEK 41.0 (35.9) billion. |
2) | Including loan to ST-Ericsson of SEK 2.8 billion. |
Ericssons strategy is to maintain a strong balance sheet including a sufficiently large cash position to ensure the financial flexibility to operate freely and to capture business opportunities. This has been particularly important during the past years difficult macroeconomic and financial market situation.
By maintaining a strong cash position, the Company can also maintain an active strategy for strategic mergers and acquisitions.
An important focus area is the monitoring of working capital. Major efforts have been made during the year in order to reduce days sales outstanding and inventory turnover days as well as to increase payable days. The target for payable days was met, while the other two targets were not achieved. The efforts to further reduce working capital will continue in 2012 and the working capital targets are the same as previous years.
In 2011, the dividend was SEK 2.25 per share. The Board of Directors will propose to the Annual General Meeting 2012 a dividend of SEK 2.50 per share. This represents a total dividend of approximately SEK 8.2 billion. The proposal reflects year 2011s earnings and balance sheet structure, as well as coming years business plans and expected economic development.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Non-current assets
Intellectual property rights, brands and other intangible assets decreased to SEK 13.1 (16.7) billion due to amortizations.
Customer financing, current and non-current, decreased slightly to SEK 4.2 (4.4) billion.
Current assets
Inventory levels increased during the year by SEK 3.2 billion due to higher sales and increased share of coverage projects. At year end, inventory was SEK 33.1 (29.9) billion. The higher inventory level followed a higher level of work in progress in the regions. The target of inventory turnover days less than 65 days was not reached and improvement efforts will continue in 2012.
Trade receivables: Days sales outstanding reached 91 (88) days at year-end. This reflects a higher portion of coverage projects and higher sales volumes. The Companys nominal credit losses have historically been low and continued to be so in 2011.
Net cash decreased to SEK 39.5 (51.3) billion, mainly due to a negative change in net operating assets, investing and dividend paid to shareholders. Pension liabilities increased due to lower discount rate and this impacted net cash negatively. For a more detailed discussion on changes in cash, see pages 4849.
Equity
Equity decreased by SEK 1.5 billion to SEK 145.3 (146.8) billion. Net income was SEK 12.6 (11.2) billion and dividends of SEK 7.5 (6.7) billion was paid during the year. The equity ratio was maintained at a healthy level of 52% (52%).
Return on equity increased to 8.5% (7.8%), primarily due to higher sales and lower restructuring charges.
Return on capital employed (ROCE) was 11.3% (9.6%). In 2010, ROCE excluding restructuring charges was 13.6%.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Non-current liabilities
Post-employment benefits related to defined benefit plans increased to SEK 10.0 (5.1) billion. In 2011 there was a decrease in discount rates, and plan assets yielded lower than expected. Consequently, the Company experienced an increase in the net pension liability and the funded ratio (plan assets as percentage of defined benefit obligations) decreased to 77% (89%).
Current liabilities
Provisions declined to SEK 6.0 (9.4) billion. SEK 1.3 (3.2) billion were related to restructuring. The cash outlays of provisions were SEK 6.0 (7.2) billion. The lower amount of provisions is mainly due to lower restructuring. In addition, the business mix with more coverage projects as well as good performance in both hardware and software for new products introduced decreased the need for warranty provisions. There is also an effect of improved project management as well as geographical mix. Provisions will fluctuate over time, depending on business mix, market mix and technology shifts.
Payable days was unchanged at 62 (62) days. The target of payable days of above 60 days was met.
Non-current borrowings decreased to SEK 23.3 (27.0) billion. No major changes were made in the debt maturity profile during 2011. Debt of SEK 3.4 billion is maturing in 2012 and SEK 5.4 billion in 2013. The Company also has unutilized committed credit facilities of USD 2.0 billion available, maturing in 2014.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Off-balance sheet arrangements
There are currently no material off-balance sheet arrangements that have, or would be reasonably likely to have, a current or anticipated effect on the Companys financial condition, revenues, expenses, result of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
CASH FLOW
CASH FLOW (ABBREVIATED) JANUARY-DECEMBER
SEK billion |
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||
Net income |
12.6 | 11.2 | 4.1 | |||||||||
Income reconciled to cash |
25.2 | 23.7 | 21.0 | |||||||||
Changes in operating net assets |
15.2 | 2.9 | 3.5 | |||||||||
Cash flow from operating activities |
10.0 | 26.6 | 24.5 | |||||||||
Adjusted operating cash flow1) |
13.2 | 29.8 | 28.7 | |||||||||
Cash flow from investing activities |
4.5 | 12.5 | 37.5 | |||||||||
of which capital expenditures, sales of PP&E, product development |
6.1 | 5.2 | 4.9 | |||||||||
of which acquisitions/divestments, net |
3.1 | 2.8 | 18.1 | |||||||||
of which short-term investments for cash management purposes and other investing activities |
13.8 | 4.5 | 14.5 | |||||||||
Cash flow before financing activities |
14.5 | 14.0 | 13.0 | |||||||||
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40 | % | 112 | % | 117 | % | ||||||
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80.5 | 2) | 87.2 | 76.7 | ||||||||
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39.5 | 51.3 | 36.1 | |||||||||
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1) | Cash flow from operations excl. restructuring cash outlays that have been provided for. |
2) | Including loan to ST-Ericsson of SEK 2.8 billion. |
In 2011, gross cash decreased by SEK 6.6 billion to SEK 80.5 (87.2) billion. The net income reconciled to cash of SEK 25.2 billion was offset by a change in net operating assets of SEK 15.2 billion and investing activities of SEK 9.9 billion. Dividends to shareholders amounted to SEK 7.5 (6.7) billion.
48
ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Net cash decreased to SEK 39.5 (51.3) billion.
Cash flow from operating activities
The adjusted operating cash flow was negatively impacted by higher working capital.
During 2011, cash flow was negatively impacted by a significant increase in working capital as a result of higher sales and more projects.
Cash flow from investing activities
Cash outlays for regular investing activities increased to SEK 6.1 (5.2) billion.
Acquisitions and divestments during the year were net SEK 3.1 (2.8) billion, with the major items Nortels GDNT operation in China and Nortels Multi-Service Switch business (MSS). The Nortel patent portfolio was acquired in partnership with other industry players.
Cash flow for short-term investments for cash management purposes and other investing activities was net SEK 13.8 (4.5) billion, mainly attributable to changes between short-term investments and cash and cash equivalents.
Capital expenditures
Annual capital expenditures are normally around two percent of sales and are expected to remain at this level. This corresponds to the needs for keeping and maintaining the current capacity level, including the introduction of new technology and methods. The expenditures are largely related to test equipment in R&D units, network operations centers as well as manufacturing and repair operations.
The Board of Directors reviews the Companys investment plans and proposals.
The Company has sufficient cash and cash generation capacity to fund expected capital expenditures without external borrowings in 2012.
We believe that the Companys property, plant and equipment and the facilities the Company occupies are suitable for its present needs in most locations. As of December 31, 2011, no material land, buildings, machinery or equipment were pledged as collateral for outstanding indebtedness.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES 20072011
SEK billion |
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
Capital expenditures |
5.0 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.3 | |||||||||||||||
of which in Sweden |
1.7 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.3 | |||||||||||||||
as percent of net sales |
2.2 | % | 1.8 | % | 1.9 | % | 2.0 | % | 2.3 | % |
Cash flow from financing activities
Cash flow from financing activities was SEK 6.5 billion. Dividends paid were SEK 7.5 (6.7) billion and other financing activities net amounted to SEK 1.0 billion.
Cash conversion
Cash conversion was 40% (112%), below the target of 70%. Over the years 20082010, cash conversion was above target. The cash conversion in 2011 was negatively impacted by higher working capital.
Restricted cash
Cash balances in certain countries with restrictions on transfers of funds to the Parent Company as cash dividends, loans or advances amounted to SEK 13.9 (10.8) billion.
In this context all countries with currency restrictions are included. In most cases the currency is nonconvertible and flow of funds in a foreign currency requires approval by a central bank or similar. Out of the total amount, China, India, Korea, Brazil and Indonesia are the top five countries accounting for SEK 9.6 billion.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
BUSINESS RESULTSREGIONS
SALES PER REGION AND SEGMENT 2011 AND 2010
Networks | Global Services | Multimedia | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SEK billion |
2011 | Percent change |
2011 | Percent change |
2011 | Percent change |
Total 2011 |
Percent change |
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North America |
28.9 | 5 | % | 18.6 | 5 | % | 1.3 | 7 | % | 48.8 | 1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Latin America |
11.5 | 25 | % | 9.5 | 23 | % | 1.0 | 5 | % | 22.0 | 23 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Northern Europe and Central Asia |
9.7 | 34 | % | 5.0 | 17 | % | 0.5 | 20 | % | 15.2 | 25 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Western and Central Europe |
7.8 | 7 | % | 10.3 | 2 | % | 1.0 | 7 | % | 19.0 | 4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Mediterranean |
10.7 | 1 | % | 11.8 | 11 | % | 1.3 | 5 | % | 23.8 | 5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Middle East |
7.4 | 4 | % | 6.8 | 4 | % | 1.2 | 13 | % | 15.5 | 2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sub-Saharan Africa |
5.9 | 63 | % | 3.4 | 26 | % | 0.9 | 12 | % | 10.2 | 11 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
India |
6.1 | 19 | % | 3.1 | 13 | % | 0.5 | 25 | % | 9.8 | 13 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
China and North East Asia |
27.8 | 63 | % | 9.9 | 19 | % | 0.5 | 5 | % | 38.2 | 47 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
South East Asia and Oceania |
7.6 | 3 | % | 5.6 | 14 | % | 0.7 | 26 | % | 13.9 | 7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other* |
9.1 | 53 | % | 0.2 | 132 | % | 1.7 | 57 | % | 10.6 | 41 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Total |
132.4 | 17 | % | 83.9 | 5 | % | 10.6 | 1 | % | 226.9 | 12 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Share of total |
58 | % | 37 | % | 5 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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* | Other includes sales of e.g. mobile broadband modules, cables, power modules as well as licensing and IPR. Mobile broadband modules are sold directly by business unit Networks to PC/netbook manufacturers. A central IPR unit manages sales of licenses to equipment vendors or others who wish to use Ericssons patented technology. TV solutions are sold both through other equipment vendors as resellers and directly by business unit Multimedia to cable TV operators. |
Regional development
The regions are the Companys primary sales channels. Ericsson reports ten regions, mirroring the internal geographical organization.
North America
North America is the worlds most developed region in terms of smartphone penetration and mobile data usage. Operators are continuing the implementation of tiered pricing to capitalize on changing user behavior. Half of the net additions of subscriptions in the second half of 2011 came from connected devices or machine to machine communication. Through the year multiple LTE network buildouts have been initiated and launched in both the US and Canada, and Ericsson is a leading supplier to these projects.
The networks business developed slower in the second half of 2011 after a period of high operator investments in network capacity. Operators focus on cash flow management and operator consolidation also had a negative impact. This was to a large degree offset by a positive uptake in services and multimedia.
Latin America
There is a push for mobile broadband in Latin America, driven by consumer demand for 3G services. Smartphone penetration is still low, but is expected to grow as these handsets become more affordable.
Operators show an increasing interest in network performance and Ericsson is taking part in OSS/BSS transformation projects in managed services deals, including network sharing arrangements.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Northern Europe and Central Asia
The Nordics are mature and advanced markets with strong 3G coverage and LTE commercially available in all countries. Nordic operators are increasingly shifting their business models towards network sharing and the outsourcing of network operations.
Deployment of 3G networks started later in the eastern part of the region. Here, operators are focusing on providing coverage and quality in the networks. Mobile broadband is growing rapidly in the region. Many consolidation activities, of both operators and networks, are taking place. In the latter half of the year, network sales slowed, especially in Russia, following strong operator investments in network capacity and coverage.
Western and Central Europe
Modernization of networks accelerated across the region in 2011. Operator focus is on replacing old 2G/3G equipment with modern, more efficient multi-standard radio base stations. Interest in LTE is limited, with certain countries still to allocate spectrum for this.
Penetration of mobile broadband is high, with some operators smartphone shipments representing more than half of their totals. Data revenues are growing and represent over 40% with some operators. There is also high interest in managed services and network sharing.
Mediterranean
This region has seen an impact from weak economies as well as political unrest in Northern Africa. The uptake of mobile broadband is mixed, with the strongest growth in the south west parts of the region. Here, operators are implementing a range of tiered pricing models.
Mobile data usage is high in the Mediterranean area, due to the low availability of fixed broadband. Most operators investments are for 3G coverage and in the second half of the year, network modernization projects took off.
Middle East
The Middle East was impacted by political unrest in several countries and by delays in license auctions. As a consequence, some operators have postponed their infrastructure investments and increased their focus on efficiencies.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
The region has lower penetration rates, mobile broadband adoption and mobile data usage than the world average. The crucial driver for increasing these parameters is the affordability of smartphones.
Rollouts of LTE have started in some parts of the region.
Sub-Saharan Africa
Mobile penetration continues to increase rapidly in Africa. Operator focus is still on 2G coverage and capacity buildouts, although some operators are building 3G coverage.
With smartphones in the region set to become cheaper, operators are focusing on creating efficiency in their networks to allow them to capitalize on future uptake.
Inflation and competition are also driving operators need for increased efficiency. This leads them to focus on power consumption reductions and managed services solutions. There is also a need for operators to harmonize policy frameworks to increase data take-up.
India
Initial 3G rollouts reached a temporary peak in 2011. The Indian market is fragmented and in the near future a telecom policy reform is expected which might make operator consolidation easier.
Besides the need for affordable smartphones, availability of dual SIM card phones is a key component in driving mobile data uptake. The Indian market is highly competitive, which drives operator interest in managed services and network sharing.
China and North East Asia
Chinas operators have focused on building 2G capacity with GPRS/EDGE to meet the increase in mobile data traffic from smartphones. In 2011, large scale trials for TD-LTE took place with China Mobile.
In Korea and Japan, 3G capacity and LTE coverage rollouts are ongoing, driven by high smartphone penetration, mobile broadband adoption and mobile data usage. In Korea, three LTE networks are live, and Ericsson is a supplier to all of them.
South East Asia and Oceania
Parts of this region, such as Australia and Singapore, have high penetration rates, adoption and usage. In these areas, LTE is also starting to emerge. Indonesia is moving towards 3G, however take-up is hampered by the affordability of devices. 3G auctions are yet to take place in some markets. Coverage projects, where old equipment is replaced with new, are underway across most markets, as operators build for data growth and seek operating cost efficiencies. The decline in network sales is due to reduced 2G business in Vietnam. The services business declined due to a concluded managed services contract in Australia.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
BUSINESS RESULTSSEGMENTS
Networks
Sales
Networks sales increased 17% to SEK 132.4 billion, negatively impacted by a strong SEK in 2011. The increase was an effect of continued high sales in mobile broadband-related equipment including packet core, IP routers and microwave-based backhaul. Demand was especially strong in regions China and North East Asia and North America.
The year was characterized by high volumes of mobile broadband equipment and ramp-up of the multi-standard radio base station RBS 6000. The product introduction of the RBS 6000 has been the quickest and most successful in the Companys history. At the end of the year, the first RBS 6000 with CDMA functionality was shipped. The RBS 6000 accounts for close to 100% of all deliveries of GSM/WCDMA/LTE radio base stations. In the fourth quarter, shipping of the IP Edge router, the Smart Services Router SSR 8000 family, and the Antenna Integrated Radio unit (AIR) also commenced.
In 2010, Ericsson acquired Nortels CDMA business in order to strengthen its position in North America. Ericsson is now established as the leader in this market. CDMA sales increased slightly in 2011. At the end of the year the Company saw the expected decline in CDMA sales and subsequent rapid shift to LTE. The CDMA acquisition has created substantial value for the Company.
In March, the earthquake and tsunami in Japan caused temporary delays in the supply chain, but by the third quarter lead times were back to normal.
Profitability
Operating margin decreased to 13% (15%). The margin was negatively impacted by planned R&D investments to accelerate technology leadership. Operating margin in 2010 was 11% including restructuring charges.
Cost structure
In the Networks segment, cost of sales is quite large and to a large part variable. To reduce variable cost, the Company works with product rationalization and product substitution. R&D is a significant cost item and for this
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
reason it is important to focus on R&D effectiveness and efficiency. It is essential to ensure global platforms and common components across the whole portfolio. To maximize the outcome of R&D investment, the Company also seeks to give R&D sites clear accountability and the same IS/IT environment.
The networks business
Sales to network operators are normally based on multi-year frame agreements after an initial open tender. During the frame agreement, software, equipment, services and spare parts are called off according to price lists.
Prior to the introduction of the multi-standard radio base station RBS 6000, operators could have co-siting, with one supplier for GSM and another for WCDMA. Today, a multi-standard approach means that all technologies are supported by one radio base station. Any supplier has to be equally capable of all technologies. R&D investments and scale are therefore essential for a supplier to stay competitive. The footprint of multi-standard radio access network increases opportunities for additional network business, e.g. backhaul and core networks. Following radio and core footprint is a significant software sales opportunity based on capacity, functionality and new features.
Competitors
In the networks segment, Ericsson competes mainly with telecommunication equipment suppliers such as Alcatel-Lucent, Cisco, Huawei, Juniper, Nokia Siemens Networks, Samsung and ZTE. The Company also competes with local and regional manufacturers and providers of telecommunications equipment.
Global Services
Sales
Global Services sales increased 5% to SEK 83.9 (80.1) billion, driven by network rollout, consulting and systems integration.
Professional Services sales were SEK 58.8 billion, up 1% from 2010. Currency adjusted sales of Professional Services increased 7%. The increase is mainly a result of increased sales of consulting and systems integration. Managed Services sales decreased by 1% to SEK 21.0 billion. Currency adjusted sales increased 7%. The growth reflects the 70 (54) signed managed services contracts, of which 32 (26) were extensions or expansions. More than 60% of Professional Services sales were recurring.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Network Rollout sales amounted to SEK 25.1 (21.6) billion, an increase of 16%, driven by high volumes of network modernization.
Profitability
Global Services operating margin decreased to 7% (11%). The margin was negatively impacted by a loss in Network Rollout.
Operating margin in 2010 was 8% including restructuring charges.
Operating margin for Professional Services amounted to 13% (15%). Operating margin in 2010 was 11% including restructuring charges.
Operating margin for Network Rollout amounted to 8% (1%), due to high activity levels related to network modernization projects in Europe and 3G rollouts in India. Operating margin in 2010 was 0% including restructuring charges.
Cost structure
In the services segment, almost all cost resides in cost of sales and the majority of the cost is related to employee costs. A few years ago, the cost of sales base was to a higher degree variable. With the increasing share of managed services, the portion of fixed costs has increased, which makes it important to find scale by winning more deals in the same geographical area. Another measure to keep cost down is to establish a one-to-many delivery model. The development of global tools, methods and processes are also crucial in order to secure efficiencies and knowledge sharing.
In managed services, Ericsson often insources employees from the customer. In the transition period, restructuring costs are taken, e.g. for replacement of IS/IT systems and migration of employees into new systems and premises. In the transformation phase, following the transition, synergies are carried through.
The services business
Ericssons offering covers all areas within an operators operational scope. The Companys service offering includes consulting, systems integration, managed services, network deployment and integration, education and support services. Ericsson provides services for both mobile and fixed telecom networks as well as for IT and broadcast networks and in some cases for adjacent industries such as the utilities industry. Most often operators turn to Ericsson for support in a certain part of their operations. Contracts for managed services and customer support are typically for five to seven years. Payments with regularity provide a lower rate of working capital. Consulting and systems integration contracts are shorter and paid after fulfillment of contract.
In managed services deals the contracts are normally split into fixed and variables, where the variables are a smaller part. The invoicing is based on fulfillment of certain key performance indicators and projects. When an operator explores the possibility of a managed services deal, the financial strength of the supplier is a prerequisite.
Network rollout includes coverage and modernization projects with a large part of third-party sourcing, making it a lower-margin business.
The Company rolls out its own equipment, but also has high multi-vendor skills in all other parts of the services business.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Competitors
Competition in services includes the traditional telecommunication equipment suppliers. The Company also competes with companies such as Accenture, HP, IBM, Oracle, Tata Consultancy Services and Tech Mahindra. Among the competition is also a large number of smaller but specialized companies operating on a local or regional basis.
Multimedia
Sales
Multimedia sales increased 1% to SEK 10.6 (10.5) billion, negatively impacted by political unrest in the Middle East and weak development in India.
Profitability
Operating margin was 5% (4%). Restructuring charges had no material impact on profitability.
Cost structure
In the multimedia segment, cost of sales is low and the majority is variable, due to the fact that third party hardware is used, on which the Company implements its software. Multimedia is a software business with a high degree of fixed R&D cost for software development.
The OSS and BSS business
The OSS/BSS business is divided into two different sales types:
Transformation sales
Simplification and consolidation of processes, operations, systems and platforms. Key components are software solutions, consulting and systems integration. Typically these projects last for 1836 months. The software part represents 2540% of the contract value and the rest is consulting and systems integration.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Product sales
Product sales is mainly expansions and upgrades, e.g. upgrading from Ericsson Charging System version 4 to 5. Key components are software solutions and systems integration. Typically these projects last for 112 months. The software part represents 7090% of the contract value and the rest is systems integration.
Telcordia acquisition
In 2011, Ericsson announced the acquisition of Telcordia, a global leader in the development of software and services for OSS/BSS. The price was USD 1.15 billion in an all cash transaction, on a cash and debt-free basis. The acquisition is expected to be accretive to Ericssons earnings per share within twelve months. Telcordia has approximately 2,600 employees. During its last fiscal year, ended January 31, 2011, Telcordia generated revenues of USD 739 million. Telcordias revenues will be split between segments Multimedia and Global Services according to portfolio mix. With the acquisition, Ericsson aspires to a leading position in the OSS and BSS market.
Competitors
In the multimedia segment, Ericsson competes in rather fragmented markets with many local players. Competitors vary depending on the solution being offered. In the OSS and BSS market, they include many of the traditional telecommunication equipment suppliers as well as IT suppliers, such as Amdocs, Comverse and Oracle. Competition in the TV business includes Harmonic and Thompson.
Sony Ericsson
Sony Ericsson is a 50/50 joint venture between Sony Corporation and Ericsson, established in 2001. Sony Ericsson is accounted for according to the equity method. In October 2011, it was announced that Sony Corporation would acquire Ericssons 50% share in Sony Ericsson. As part of the deal, Sony and Ericsson will also enter into a broad IP cross-licensing agreement and create a wireless connectivity initiative to drive connectivity across multiple platforms. The transaction is a logical strategic step that makes it possible for Ericsson to focus on enabling connectivity for all devices.
Sony Ericsson will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sony and integrated into Sonys broad platform of network-connected consumer electronics products. The agreed cash consideration for the transaction is a EUR 1.05 billion cash payment.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Sony Ericssons units shipped in 2011 decreased by 20% to 34.4 (43.1) million while the average selling price increased by 4% to EUR 152 (146). Sales decreased by 17% to EUR 5.2 (6.3) billion.
In 2011, Sony Ericsson had a market share of 10% in the smartphone market, measured in units, and 10% measured in value.
Gross margin decreased during the year to 28% (29%) attributed to product and geographic mix. Income before taxes, including restructuring charges, was EUR 0.24 (0.15) billion. Income decreased during the year due to declining gross margin and increased operating expenses. The result includes restructuring charges of EUR 93 million. Ericssons share in Sony Ericssons income before taxes was SEK 1.2 (0.7) billion.
Sony Ericssons primary competitors include Apple, HTC, LG, Motorola, Nokia, RIM and Samsung.
ST-Ericsson
ST-Ericsson is a 50/50 joint venture between STMicroelectronics and Ericsson, established in February, 2009. ST-Ericsson is accounted for according to the equity method.
At the end of 2011, ST-Ericsson was still in a shift from legacy to new products. Though its path to success is challenging, ST-Ericsson is, when entering 2012, continuing to focus on securing the successful execution and delivery of its new products to customers while lowering its break-even point.
The changes in the business environment at a large customer during 2011 reduced demand for legacy products and delayed the ramp-up of new products with that customer. In the light of the business environment at the end of 2011, ST-Ericssons CEO is reviewing the companys strategic plan and financial prospects. Ericsson, together with its partner STMicroelectronics, is firmly committed to supporting ST-Ericsson in the transition to turn-over to sustainable profitability and cash generation. As a result of the strategic review, Ericsson may consider additional actions to solidify and accelerate ST-Ericssons path to profitability. In such an event, or in case of a significant worsening of business prospects, the value of ST-Ericsson for Ericsson could decrease to a value significantly lower than the current carrying amount of ST-Ericsson on Ericssons books and Ericsson might be required to take an impairment charge.
Sales in 2011 declined 28% to USD 1.7 (2.3) billion. The operating loss for the year, adjusted for restructuring costs, was USD 0.7 (0.4) billion. ST-Ericsson reports in US-GAAP. Ericssons share in ST-Ericssons income before taxes, adjusted to IFRS, was SEK 2.7 (1.8) billion. Adjustments for IFRS compliance mainly consist of capitalization of R&D expenses for hardware development. The Companys net financial position was USD 798 (82) million at year-end. At the end of the year, ST-Ericsson had utilized USD 800 million of a short-term credit facility granted on a 50/50 basis by the parent companies.
In December 2011, a new President and CEO of ST-Ericsson was appointed.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
ST-Ericssons major competitor is Qualcomm. The market is growing in complexity as several new operating systems for handsets and other devices have been launched, e.g. Googles Android, Microsofts Windows phone and Samsungs Bada.
SUSTAINABILITY AND CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY
The Company has implemented strong social, environmental and ethical standards supporting risk management and value creation. This commitment generates positive business impacts, which in turn benefit society.
Ericssons approach to Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility (CR) is integrated into its core business operations and in its relationship with stakeholders. The Board of Directors considers these aspects in governance decision-making. Group level policies and directives ensure consistency across global operations.
Ericsson publishes an annual Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility Report which provides additional information.
Responsible business practices
Since 2000, Ericsson has actively supported the UN Global Compact, and endorses its ten principles regarding human and labor rights, anti-corruption and environmental protection. The Ericsson Group Management System includes policies and directives that cover responsible business practices, such as the Code of Business Ethics, Code of Conduct (CoC), anti-corruption and environmental management. It is reinforced by training, workshops and monitoring, including a global assessment program run by an external assurance provider where CR criteria represent some 20% of areas assessed.
Supply chain
Suppliers must comply with Ericssons CoC. Approximately 170 employees, covering all regions, are trained as supplier CoC auditors. The Company performs regular audits and works with suppliers to ensure measurable and continuous improvements. Findings are followed up to ensure that improvements are made. Training for suppliers is available in 13 languages. To effectively address the issue of conflict minerals, Ericsson participates in the Global e-Sustainability Initiative (GeSI) work on conflict minerals, and takes other active measures in its sourcing and product management processes.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Reducing environmental impact
Energy use for products in operation remains the Companys most significant environmental impact. Ericsson works proactively with its customers to encourage network and site energy optimization, through innovative products, software, solutions and advisory services. Processes and controls are in place to ensure compliance with relevant product-related environmental, customer and regulatory requirements. The Company works actively to reduce its own environmental impact, with a focus on Design for Environment, which includes product energy efficiency and materials management, as well as facilities management, travel reduction and logistics.
Product take-back and recycling
Ericsson Ecology Management is a program to take responsibility for products at the end of their life and is offered to all customers globally free of charge, not only in markets where legislated.
During 2011, Ericsson worked actively to help build up e-waste capabilities in Africa, through a public private partnership in Ghana. This was done with the Raw Materials Group and the Ghana Environmental Protection Agency and was financed by the Nordic Development Fund. The goal is to establish local recycling capabilities and transform the current informal e-waste recycling yards into a formal business. This will help to reduce negative environmental and health impacts while also alleviating poverty.
Radio waves and health
Ericsson provides public information on radio waves and health, and supports independent research to further increase knowledge in this area. Ericsson has co-sponsored over 90 studies related to electromagnetic fields, radio waves and health since 1996. Independent expert groups and public health authorities, including the World Health Organization, have reviewed the total amount of research and have consistently concluded that the balance of evidence does not demonstrate any health effects associated with radio wave exposure from either mobile phones or radio base stations.
Ericsson is co-sponsoring the Swedish part of the COSMOS study, which is conducted in five countries. The study aims to carry out long term health monitoring of more than 200,000 people to identify if there are any health issues linked to long term mobile phone use. To assure scientific independence there is a firewall in place between the industrial sponsors and the researchers.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Climate change
ICT represents about 2% of global CO2 emissions, but can potentially offset a significant portion of the remaining 98% from other industries. Ericsson takes active measures to ensure that its own carbon footprint intensity will be continuously reduced. A five year target which aims to reduce the carbon emission intensities by 40% was set in 2008. The target comprises two focus areas: Ericssons own activities and the life-cycle impacts of products in operation (see graph).
| A 6% reduction in direct emission intensity from own activities was achieved during 2011. Despite delivering higher volumes, Ericsson still achieved the target of 70% surface transport by weight. Business travel is roughly the same per employee. |
| A 3% reduction was achieved in indirect emission intensity from products in operation. While the reduction was lower this year compared to last, Ericsson is well on track to meet its five year target. |
| Ericsson has increased 3G/4G energy efficiency by 85% over the last decade, while continuing to meet the bandwidth demands of the networked society, and without increasing energy consumption per subscriber. |
Ericssons sustainability strategy focuses on the role broadband can play in helping to offset global CO2 emissions, 70% of which are attributed to cities. Ericsson works on sustainable city solutions and is engaged in global climate policy. Ericssons CEO leads the Climate Change Working Group of the Broadband Commission. Ericsson also co-chairs the Policy Group in GeSI, and helped launch its Low Carbon Cities benchmark.
Meeting the UN Millennium Development Goals
Mobile connectivity fuels economic growth, which is vital for billions of people living at the base of the economic pyramid. Ericsson is committed to using its technology and competence to help achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Ericsson launched the Technology for Good program in 2011. It focuses on applying the Companys expertise, global presence and scale to find market-based solutions that empower people, business and society to help shape a more sustainable world.
Connect to Learn
In 2011, Ericsson and its partners, The Earth Institute at Columbia University and Millennium Promise, celebrated one year of progress for Connect To Learn, a global initiative focused on improving quality of and access to secondary education. Some 5,000 students now have access to education in schools throughout Millennium Villages and cities in Africa. An innovative cloud computing solution, PC as a Service, dramatically reduces the cost of access. The initiative has been extended to Latin America.
Ericsson Response
Ericsson Response is a global Ericsson employee volunteer initiative which rapidly deploys communication solutions and provides telecommunications experts to assist disaster relief operations. Ericsson Response partners with many UN and humanitarian organizations. In 2011, Ericsson Response missions included the One UN initiative in Tanzania, in collaboration with the World Food Programme. A partnership with operator SingTel was also announced to provide emergency communications services to support disaster relief efforts in South and Southeast Asia through Ericsson Response.
Reporting according to GRI 3.0
Full key performance data is available at www.ericsson.com and has achieved an A+ rating according to the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). The performance data has been externally assured, and the application level has been checked by a third party.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
In accordance with the Annual Accounts Act (1995:1554 Chapter 6, Section 6 and 8), a separate Corporate Governance Report, including an Internal Control section, has been prepared.
Continued compliance with the Swedish Corporate Governance Code
Ericsson applies the Swedish Corporate Governance Code and is committed to complying with best-practice corporate governance standards on a global level wherever possible. This includes continued compliance with the corporate governance provisions expressed by the Code, without deviations.
An ethical business
Ericssons Code of Business Ethics summarizes the Groups fundamental policies and directives governing its relationships internally, with its stakeholders and with others. It also sets out how the Group works to achieve and maintain its high ethical standards. There have been no amendments or waivers to Ericssons Code of Business Ethics for any Director, member of management or other employee.
Board of Directors 2011/2012
The Annual General Meeting on April 13, 2011, elected Leif Johansson new Chairman of the Board, replacing Michael Treschow. Roxanne S. Austin, Sir Peter L. Bonfield, Börje Ekholm, Ulf J. Johansson, Sverker Martin-Löf, Nancy McKinstry, Anders Nyrén, Carl-Henric Svanberg, Hans Vestberg and Michelangelo Volpi were re-elected and Jacob Wallenberg was elected new member of the Board. Pehr Claesson, Jan Hedlund and Karin Åberg were appointed employee representatives with Kristina Davidsson, Karin Lennartsson and Roger Svensson as deputies.
Management
Hans Vestberg is President and CEO of the Group since January 1, 2010. The President and CEO is supported by the Group management, consisting of the Executive Leadership Team (ELT). The ELT, in addition to the President and CEO, consists of heads of Group functions, heads of business units and two of the heads of Ericssons regions. Up until December 21, 2011, the Chief Brand Officer was part of ELT.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
A management system is in place to ensure that the business is well-controlled and has the ability to fulfill the objectives of major stakeholders within established risk limits. The system also monitors internal control and compliance with applicable laws, listing requirements and governance codes.
Remuneration
Fees to the members of the Board of Directors and the remuneration to Group management (the Executive Leadership Team, ELT), as well as the 2011 guidelines for remuneration to Group management, are reported in Notes to the Consolidated Financial StatementsNote C28, Information Regarding Members of the Board of Directors, the Group management and Employees.
As of December 31, 2011, there were no loans outstanding from and no guarantees issued to or assumed by Ericsson for the benefit of any member of the Board of Directors or senior management.
The Board of Directors proposal for guidelines for remuneration to Group management
The Board of Directors proposes that the current guidelines for remuneration to the Group management (ELT) remain unchanged for the period up to the 2013 Annual General Meeting.
Details of how Ericsson delivers on these guidelines and policy, including information on previously decided long-term variable remuneration that has not yet become due for payment, can be found in Note C28, Information regarding Members of the Board of Directors, the Group management and Employees.
RISK MANAGEMENT
Risks are broadly categorized into operational and financial risks. Ericssons risk management is based on the following principles, which apply universally across all business activities and risk types:
| Risk management is an integrated part of the Ericsson Group Management System |
| Each operational unit is accountable for owning and managing its risks according to policies, directives and process tools. Decisions are made or escalated according to defined delegation of authority. Financial risks are coordinated through Group Function Finance. |
| Risks are dealt with during the strategy process, the annual planning and target setting, the continuous monitoring through monthly and quarterly steering group meetings and during operational processes by transaction (customer bid/ contract, acquisition, investment and product development projects). They are subject to various controls such as decision tollgates and approvals. |
A central security unit coordinates management of certain risks, such as business interruption, information security and physical security. The Crisis Management Council deals with events of serious nature.
For information on risks that could impact the fulfillment of the targets and form the basis for mitigating activities, see the other sections of the Board of Directors Report, Notes C2, Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments, C14, Trade receivables and customer finance, C19, Interest-bearing liabilities, C20, Financial risk management and financial instruments and the chapter Risk Factors.
LEGAL AND TAX PROCEEDINGS
Together with most of the mobile communications industry, Ericsson was sued in two class action lawsuits in the US in which plaintiffs alleged that adverse health effects could be associated with mobile phone usage. The
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
cases were pending in federal court in Pennsylvania and the Superior Court of the District of Columbia. In the Pennsylvania case, the federal district court dismissed the plaintiffs claims as preempted by federal law. The Third Circuit Court of Appeals subsequently affirmed this ruling, and in October 2011, the Supreme Court declined to consider the case. The plaintiff has no further right of appeal, and as a result, the Pennsylvania case is officially closed.
In the District of Columbia case, the plaintiff dismissed Ericsson from the case with prejudice in February 2011 shortly after an opinion by the D.C. Court of Appeals made it clear that the plaintiff did not have standing to sue Ericsson under the D.C. consumer protection statute.
In January 2011, a US company SynQor filed a patent infringement lawsuit against Ericsson Inc. alleging that Ericsson infringes five US patents related to bus converters. In February 2011, SynQor filed a motion for preliminary injunction seeking to prevent Ericsson from manufacturing, using, selling, and offering for sale in the US and/or importing into the US certain unregulated and semi-regulated bus converters and any Ericsson products that contain those bus converters. In May 2011, Ericsson and SynQor entered into a confidential settlement agreement that resulted in mutual releases and a dismissal with prejudice of all claims asserted by the parties against each other in the litigation.
In May 2011, Ericsson settled a US patent infringement lawsuit brought by an Australian company, QPSX Developments PTY Ltd. The lawsuit had been pending since April 2007 and involved Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) technology. Ericsson considers this matter closed.
In July 2011, a US company TruePosition sued Ericsson, Qualcomm, Alcatel-Lucent (ALU), the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) for purported federal antitrust violations. The complaint alleges that Ericsson, Qualcomm and ALU illegally conspired to block the adoption of TruePositions proprietary technology into the new mobile positioning standards for LTE, while at the same time ensuring that their own technology was included into the new standards. In October 2011, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the case.
The Swedish fiscal authorities disallowed deductions for sales commission payments via external service companies to sales agents in certain countries. The decision covering the fiscal year 1999 was appealed. In December 2006, the County Administrative Court in Stockholm rendered a judgment in favor of the fiscal authorities. The Administrative Court of Appeal in Stockholm affirmed the County Administrative Courts judgment. The judgment was appealed to the Administrative Supreme Court. In February 2011 the Administrative Supreme Court revoked the County Administrative Courts judgment and ruled in Ericssons favor, thus allowing deductions for sales commission payments.
SOURCING AND SUPPLY
Ericssons hardware, accounting for approximately 40% of total sales, largely consists of electronics, such as circuit boards, radio frequency (RF) modules and antennas. For manufacturing, the Company purchases customized and standardized components and services from several global providers as well as from local and regional suppliers. Certain types of components, such as power modules and cables, are produced in-house.
The production of electronic modules and sub-assemblies is mostly outsourced to manufacturing services companies, of which the vast majority is in low-cost countries. Production of radio base stations is largely done in-house and on-demand. This consists of assembling and testing modules and integrating them into units such as complete radio base stations and mobile switching centers. Final assembly and testing are concentrated to a few sites. Ericsson has 17 manufacturing sites in Brazil, China, Estonia, Italy, India and Sweden.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
A number of suppliers design and manufacture highly specialized and customized components. The Company generally attempts to negotiate global supply agreements with its primary suppliers. All Ericsson suppliers are required to comply with the Code of Conduct.
Where possible, Ericsson relies on alternative supply sources and seeks to avoid single source supply situations.
A need to switch to an alternative supplier may require allocation of additional resources to ensure that technical standards and other requirements are met. This process could take some time to complete.
Variations in market prices for raw materials generally have a limited effect on total cost of goods sold.
MATERIAL CONTRACTS
Material contractual obligations are outlined in Note C31 Contractual obligations. These are primarily related to operating leases for office and production facilities, purchase contracts for outsourced manufacturing, R&D and IT operations, and the purchase of components for the Companys own manufacturing.
Ericsson is party to certain agreements, which include provisions that may take effect or be altered or invalidated by a change in control of the Company as a result of a public takeover offer. However, none of the agreements currently in effect would entail any material consequence to Ericsson due to a change in control of the Company.
PARENT COMPANY
The Parent Company business consists mainly of corporate management, holding company functions and internal banking activities. It also handles customer credit management, performed on a commission basis by Ericsson Credit AB.
The Parent Company has 6 (6) branch offices. In total, the Group has 70 (68) branch and representative offices.
Financial information
Income after financial items was SEK 4.4 (7.8) billion. The Parent Company had no sales in 2011 or 2010 to subsidiaries, while 31% (45%) of total purchases of goods and services were from such companies.
Major changes in the Parent Companys financial position for the year included:
| Increased current and non-current receivables from subsidiaries of SEK 2.7 billion |
| Decreased other current receivables of SEK 1.7 billion |
| Decreased cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of SEK 14.5 billion |
| Decreased current and non-current liabilities to subsidiaries of SEK 7.8 billion |
| Increased other current liabilities of SEK 2.4 billion. |
At year end, cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments amounted to SEK 56.1 (70.6) billion.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Share information
As per December 31, 2011, the total number of shares in issue was 3,273,351,735, of which 261,755,983 were Class A shares, each carrying one vote, and 3,011,595,752 Class B shares, each carrying one tenth of one vote. The two largest shareholders at year end were Investor and Industrivärden holding 21.48% and 14.34% respectively of the voting rights in the Parent Company.
Both classes of shares have the same rights of participation in the net assets and earnings.
In accordance with the conditions of the Long-Term Variable Remuneration Program (LTV) for Ericsson employees, 10,242,012 treasury shares were sold or distributed to employees in 2011. The quotient value of these shares was SEK 51.2 million, representing less than 1% of capital stock, and compensation received amounted to SEK 122.9 million. The holding of treasury stock at December 31, 2011 was 62,846,503 Class B shares. The quotient value of these shares is SEK 314.2 million, representing 1.9% of capital stock, and the related acquisition cost amounts to SEK 535.0 million.
Proposed disposition of earnings
The Board of Directors proposes that a dividend of SEK 2.50 (2.25) per share be paid to shareholders duly registered on the record date May 8, 2012, and that the Parent Company shall retain the remaining part of non-restricted equity.
The Class B treasury shares held by the Parent Company are not entitled to receive a dividend. Assuming that no treasury shares remain on the record date, the Board of Directors proposes that earnings be distributed as follows:
Amount to be paid to the shareholders |
SEK | 8,183,379,338 | ||
Amount to be retained by the Parent Company |
SEK | 32,536,021,737 | ||
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Total non-restricted equity of the Parent Company |
SEK | 40,719,401,075 |
As a basis for its dividend proposal, the Board of Directors has made an assessment in accordance with Chapter 18, Section 4 of the Swedish Companies Act of the Parent Companys and the Groups need for financial resources as well as the Parent Companys and the Groups liquidity, financial position in other respects and long-term ability to meet their commitments. The Group reports an equity ratio of 52% (52%) and a net cash amount of SEK 39.5 (51.3) billion.
The Board of Directors has also considered the Parent Companys result and financial position and the Groups position in general. In this respect, the Board of Directors has taken into account known commitments that may have an impact on the financial positions of the Parent Company and its subsidiaries.
The proposed dividend does not limit the Groups ability to make investments or raise funds, and it is the Board of Directors assessment that the proposed dividend is well-balanced considering the nature, scope and risks of the business activities as well as the capital requirements for the Parent Company and the Group as well as coming years business plans and economic development.
POST-CLOSING EVENTS
On January 12, 2012, Ericsson announced the closing of the acquisition of all the shares in Telcordia, a global leader in the development of software and services for OSS/BSS, for USD 1.15 billion in an all cash transaction, on a cash and debt-free basis. Balances to facilitate a Purchase Price Allocation have not yet been
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
established. Approximately 2,600 skilled employees have joined Ericsson. This acquisition consolidates Ericssons position as a leading player in the operations support systems and business support systems (OSS/BSS) market with a key position in service fulfillment, assurance, network optimization and real-time charging.
On January 14, 2012, as per the trusts funding requirements, the Company made an employer contribution payment of SEK 900 million to the Swedish pension trust fund.
On January 20, 2012, Ulf Ewaldsson was appointed Senior Vice President, Chief Technology Officer, Head of Group function Technology and Portfolio Management, effective as of February 1.
In February 2012, Airvana Networks Solutions Inc., a State of Delaware, US corporation (Airvana), filed a complaint against Ericsson Inc. and Ericsson AB in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, US, alleging that Ericsson has violated key contract terms and misappropriated Airvana trade secrets and proprietary information. Airvana is seeking damages of USD 330 million and to enjoin Ericsson from developing, deploying or commercializing Ericsson products allegedly based on Airvanas proprietary technology.
On February 16, 2012, Ericsson announced that the Company, on February 15, 2012, completed the divestment of its 50% stake in Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB. The divestment was originally jointly announced by Sony Corporation and Ericsson on October 27, 2011. The deal includes a broad IP cross-licensing agreement. Sony Ericsson is now a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sony. The agreed cash consideration for the transaction is EUR 1.05 billion.
The divestment has resulted in a gain of approximately SEK 7.5 billion, to be recognized in the first quarter of 2012 and reported under Other operating income and expenses.
BOARD ASSURANCE
The Board of Directors and the President declare that the consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS, as adopted by the EU, and give a fair view of the Groups financial position and results of operations. The financial statements of the Parent Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in Sweden and give a fair view of the Parent Companys financial position and results of operations.
The Board of Directors Report for the Ericsson Group and the Parent Company provides a fair view of the development of the Groups and the Parent Companys operations, financial position and results of operations and describes material risks and uncertainties facing the Parent Company and the companies included in the Group.
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
Stockholm February 24, 2012
Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ)
Org. no. 556016-0680
Sverker Martin-Löf | Leif Johansson | Jacob Wallenberg | ||
Deputy Chairman | Chairman | Deputy Chairman | ||
Roxanne S. Austin | Sir Peter L. Bonfield | Börje Ekholm | ||
Member of the Board | Member of the Board | Member of the Board | ||
Ulf J. Johansson | Nancy McKinstry | Anders Nyrén | ||
Member of the Board | Member of the Board | Member of the Board | ||
Carl-Henric Svanberg | Hans Vestberg | Michelangelo Volpi | ||
Member of the Board | President, CEO and member of the Board | Member of the Board | ||
Pehr Claesson | Jan Hedlund | Karin Åberg | ||
Member of the Board | Member of the Board | Member of the Board |
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders of Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ)
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, shareholders equity and cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2011, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board and in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Companys management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which can be found herein, under Managements Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements and on the Companys internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and International Standards on Auditing. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Stockholm, April 4, 2012
By: | /s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers | |
Name: | PricewaterhouseCoopers AB |
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ERICSSON ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F 2011
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT AND STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT
JanuaryDecember, SEK million |
Notes | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
Net sales |
C3, C4 | 226,921 | 203,348 | 206,477 | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales |
147,200 | 129,094 | 136,278 | |||||||||||||
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Gross income |
79,721 | 74,254 | 70,199 | |||||||||||||
Gross margin (%) |
35.1 | % | 36.5 | % | 34.0 | % | ||||||||||
Research and development expenses |
32,638 | 31,558 | 33,055 | |||||||||||||
Selling and administrative expenses |
26,683 | 27,072 | 26,908 | |||||||||||||
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Operating expenses |
59,321 | 58,630 | 59,963 | |||||||||||||
Other operating income and expenses |
C6 | 1,278 | 2,003 | 3,082 | ||||||||||||
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Operating income before shares in earnings of joint ventures and associated companies |
21,678 | 17,627 | 13,318 | |||||||||||||
Operating margin before shares in earnings of joint ventures and associated companies (%) |
9.6 | % | 8.7 | % | 6.5 | % | ||||||||||
Share in earnings of joint ventures and associated companies |
C12 | 3,778 | 1,172 | 7,400 | ||||||||||||
Operating income |
17,900 | 16,455 | 5,918 | |||||||||||||
Financial income |
C7 | 2,882 | 1,047 | 1,874 | ||||||||||||
Financial expenses |
C7 | 2,661 | 1,719 | 1,549 | ||||||||||||
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Income after financial items |
18,121 | 15,783 | 6,243 | |||||||||||||
Taxes |
C8 | 5,552 | 4,548 | 2,116 | ||||||||||||
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Net income |
12,569 | 11,235 | 4,127 | |||||||||||||
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Net income attributable to: |
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Stockholders of the Parent Company |
12,194 | 11,146 | 3,672 | |||||||||||||
Non-controlling interest |
375 | 89 | 455 | |||||||||||||
Other information |
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Average number of shares, basic (million) |
C9 | 3,206 | 3,197 | 3,190 | ||||||||||||
Earnings per share attributable to stockholders of the Parent Company, basic (SEK)1) |
C9 | 3.80 | 3.49 | 1.15 | ||||||||||||
Earnings per share attributable to stockholders of the Parent Company, diluted (SEK)1) |
C9 | 3.77 |