UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2007.
¨ | Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the transition period from to .
Commission File Number 1-6028
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Indiana | 35-1140070 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
1500 Market Street, Suite 3900, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | 19102-2112 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
(215) 448-1400
Registrants telephone number, including area code
Not Applicable
Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non- accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
(Check one): Large accelerated filer x Accelerated filer ¨ Non- accelerated filer ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
As of August 1, 2007, there were 271,283,405 shares of the registrants common stock outstanding.
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. | Financial Statements |
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
June 30, 2007 |
December 31, 2006 | |||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||
(in millions) | ||||||
ASSETS |
||||||
Investments: |
||||||
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value: |
||||||
Fixed maturity (cost: 2007-$55,555; 2006-$54,960) |
$ | 55,447 | $ | 55,853 | ||
Equity (cost: 2007-$670; 2006-$681) |
687 | 701 | ||||
Trading securities |
2,818 | 3,036 | ||||
Mortgage loans on real estate |
7,311 | 7,384 | ||||
Real estate |
388 | 421 | ||||
Policy loans |
2,787 | 2,760 | ||||
Derivative investments |
376 | 415 | ||||
Other investments |
1,054 | 918 | ||||
Total investments |
70,868 | 71,488 | ||||
Cash and invested cash |
989 | 1,621 | ||||
Deferred acquisition costs and value of business acquired |
9,101 | 8,420 | ||||
Premiums and fees receivable |
432 | 356 | ||||
Accrued investment income |
861 | 866 | ||||
Amounts recoverable from reinsurers |
8,179 | 7,939 | ||||
Goodwill |
4,521 | 4,500 | ||||
Other assets |
3,202 | 2,770 | ||||
Assets held in separate accounts |
89,497 | 80,534 | ||||
Total assets |
$ | 187,650 | $ | 178,494 | ||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY |
||||||
Liabilities |
||||||
Insurance and investment contract liabilities: |
||||||
Insurance policy and claim reserves |
$ | 15,032 | $ | 14,771 | ||
Investment contract and policyholder funds |
59,136 | 58,817 | ||||
Total insurance and investment contract liabilities |
74,168 | 73,588 | ||||
Short-term debt |
230 | 658 | ||||
Long-term debt: |
||||||
Senior notes |
2,382 | 2,231 | ||||
Junior subordinated debentures issued to affiliated trusts |
155 | 155 | ||||
Capital securities |
1,571 | 1,072 | ||||
Reinsurance related derivative liability |
158 | 229 | ||||
Funds withheld reinsurance liabilities |
2,155 | 2,094 | ||||
Deferred gain on indemnity reinsurance |
734 | 760 | ||||
Other liabilities |
4,764 | 4,972 | ||||
Liabilities related to separate accounts |
89,497 | 80,534 | ||||
Total liabilities |
175,814 | 166,293 | ||||
Commitments and Contingencies (See Note 9) |
||||||
Shareholders' Equity |
||||||
Series A preferred stock-10,000,000 shares authorized (2007 liquidation value-$1) |
1 | 1 | ||||
Common stock-800,000,000 shares authorized (shares issued and outstanding: 2007- 271,441,613; 2006- 275,752,668) |
7,363 | 7,449 | ||||
Retained earnings |
4,323 | 4,138 | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
149 | 613 | ||||
Total shareholders' equity |
11,836 | 12,201 | ||||
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity |
$ | 187,650 | $ | 178,494 | ||
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||
(Unaudited) | |||||||||||||||
(in millions, except per share amounts) | |||||||||||||||
Revenue |
|||||||||||||||
Insurance premiums |
$ | 489 | $ | 454 | $ | 948 | $ | 533 | |||||||
Insurance fees |
758 | 692 | 1,537 | 1,167 | |||||||||||
Investment advisory fees |
93 | 81 | 183 | 159 | |||||||||||
Communications revenue (net) |
57 | 58 | 125 | 58 | |||||||||||
Net investment income |
1,170 | 1,068 | 2,259 | 1,747 | |||||||||||
Realized gain (loss) |
(5 | ) | (5 | ) | 22 | (6 | ) | ||||||||
Amortization of deferred gain on indemnity reinsurance |
26 | 19 | 45 | 38 | |||||||||||
Other revenue and fees |
152 | 129 | 292 | 221 | |||||||||||
Total revenue |
2,740 | 2,496 | 5,411 | 3,917 | |||||||||||
Benefits and Expenses |
|||||||||||||||
Benefits |
1,287 | 1,179 | 2,481 | 1,760 | |||||||||||
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses |
815 | 717 | 1,620 | 1,220 | |||||||||||
Communications expense |
31 | 30 | 72 | 30 | |||||||||||
Interest and debt expense |
73 | 65 | 134 | 87 | |||||||||||
Total benefits and expenses |
2,206 | 1,991 | 4,307 | 3,097 | |||||||||||
Income before taxes |
534 | 505 | 1,104 | 820 | |||||||||||
Federal income taxes |
158 | 156 | 332 | 250 | |||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 376 | $ | 349 | $ | 772 | $ | 570 | |||||||
Net Income Per Common Share |
|||||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | 1.39 | $ | 1.25 | $ | 2.83 | $ | 2.51 | |||||||
Diluted |
$ | 1.37 | $ | 1.23 | $ | 2.79 | $ | 2.47 | |||||||
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
2
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||
2007 | 2006 | |||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
(in millions, except for share amounts) | ||||||||
Series A Preferred Stock |
||||||||
Balance at beginning-of-year |
$ | 1 | $ | 1 | ||||
Balance at end-of-period |
1 | 1 | ||||||
Common Stock |
||||||||
Balance at beginning-of-year |
7,449 | 1,775 | ||||||
Issued for acquisition |
20 | 5,632 | ||||||
Stock compensation/issued for benefit plans |
85 | 92 | ||||||
Deferred compensation payable in stock |
4 | 9 | ||||||
Retirement of common stock |
(195 | ) | (82 | ) | ||||
Balance at end-of-period |
7,363 | 7,426 | ||||||
Retained Earnings |
||||||||
Balance at beginning-of-year |
4,138 | 4,081 | ||||||
Cumulative effect of adoption of SOP 05-1 |
(41 | ) | | |||||
Cumulative effect of adoption of FIN 48 |
(15 | ) | | |||||
Comprehensive income |
308 | 7 | ||||||
Less other comprehensive income (loss) (net of Federal income tax): |
||||||||
Net unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale, net of reclassification adjustment |
(476 | ) | (648 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments |
(4 | ) | 44 | |||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
16 | 45 | ||||||
Amortization of actuarial net loss |
| (4 | ) | |||||
Net income |
772 | 570 | ||||||
Retirement of common stock |
(317 | ) | (423 | ) | ||||
Dividends declared: |
||||||||
Common (2007-$.79; 2006-$.76) |
(214 | ) | (215 | ) | ||||
Balance at end-of-period |
4,323 | 4,013 | ||||||
Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Securities Available-for-Sale |
||||||||
Balance at beginning-of-year |
493 | 497 | ||||||
Change during the period |
(476 | ) | (648 | ) | ||||
Balance at end-of-period |
17 | (151 | ) | |||||
Net Unrealized Gain on Derivative Instruments |
||||||||
Balance at beginning-of-year |
39 | 7 | ||||||
Change during the period |
(4 | ) | 44 | |||||
Balance at end-of-period |
35 | 51 | ||||||
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment |
||||||||
Balance at beginning-of-year |
165 | 83 | ||||||
Change during the period |
16 | 45 | ||||||
Balance at end-of-period |
181 | 128 | ||||||
Minimum Pension Liability Adjustment |
||||||||
Balance at beginning-of-year |
| (60 | ) | |||||
Change during the period |
| (4 | ) | |||||
Balance at end-of-period |
| (64 | ) | |||||
Funded Status of Employee Benefit Plans |
||||||||
Balance at beginning-of-year |
(84 | ) | | |||||
Balance at end-of-period |
(84 | ) | | |||||
Total shareholders' equity at end-of-period |
$ | 11,836 | $ | 11,404 | ||||
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
3
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
-CONTINUED-
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||
2007 | 2006 | |||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||
(Number of Shares) | ||||||
Series A Preferred Stock |
||||||
Balance at beginning-of-year |
12,706 | 15,515 | ||||
Conversion into common stock |
(345 | ) | (987 | ) | ||
Balance at end-of-period |
12,361 | 14,528 | ||||
Common Stock |
||||||
Balance at beginning-of-year |
275,752,668 | 173,768,078 | ||||
Issued for acquisition |
| 112,301,906 | ||||
Conversion of series A preferred stock |
5,520 | 15,792 | ||||
Stock compensation/issued for benefit plans |
2,829,181 | 3,353,059 | ||||
Deferred compensation payable in stock |
69,161 | 158,342 | ||||
Retirement of common stock |
(7,214,917 | ) | (8,060,131 | ) | ||
Balance issued and outstanding at end-of-period |
271,441,613 | 281,537,046 | ||||
Common stock at end-of-period: |
||||||
Assuming conversion of preferred stock |
271,639,389 | 281,769,494 | ||||
Diluted basis |
274,489,187 | 284,958,226 |
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
4
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||
2007 | 2006 | |||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 772 | $ | 570 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||
Deferred acquisition costs and value of business acquired |
(466 | ) | (249 | ) | ||||
Premiums and fees receivable |
(76 | ) | 61 | |||||
Accrued investment income |
5 | 2 | ||||||
Policy liabilities and accruals |
147 | (277 | ) | |||||
Net trading securities purchases, sales and maturities |
218 | (20 | ) | |||||
Loss on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities |
(5 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||
Contractholder funds |
905 | 533 | ||||||
Pension plan contribution |
(4 | ) | | |||||
Amounts recoverable from reinsurers |
(120 | ) | 255 | |||||
Federal income taxes |
296 | 52 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
29 | 30 | ||||||
Depreciation |
15 | 30 | ||||||
Increase in funds withheld liability |
61 | 59 | ||||||
Realized gain (loss) on investments and derivative instruments |
(17 | ) | 14 | |||||
Amortization of deferred gain on indemnity reinsurance |
(45 | ) | (38 | ) | ||||
Other |
(326 | ) | (92 | ) | ||||
Net adjustments |
617 | 352 | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
1,389 | 922 | ||||||
Cash Flows from Investing Activities |
||||||||
Securities-available-for-sale: |
||||||||
Purchases |
(7,995 | ) | (3,718 | ) | ||||
Sales |
5,206 | 2,565 | ||||||
Maturities |
2,125 | 1,348 | ||||||
Purchase of other investments |
(1,251 | ) | (697 | ) | ||||
Sale or maturity of other investments |
1,157 | 449 | ||||||
Increase in cash collateral on loaned securities |
(132 | ) | 133 | |||||
Purchase of Jefferson-Pilot stock, net of cash acquired of $39 |
| (1,847 | ) | |||||
Other |
10 | (123 | ) | |||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(880 | ) | (1,890 | ) | ||||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities |
||||||||
Payment of long-term debt |
(553 | ) | | |||||
Issuance of long-term debt |
750 | 2,045 | ||||||
Net increase (decrease) in short-term debt |
30 | (557 | ) | |||||
Universal life and investment contract deposits |
4,500 | 3,136 | ||||||
Universal life and investment contract withdrawals |
(4,071 | ) | (3,004 | ) | ||||
Investment contract transfers |
(1,131 | ) | (817 | ) | ||||
Common stock issued for benefit plans and excess tax benefits |
62 | 71 | ||||||
Retirement of common stock |
(512 | ) | (503 | ) | ||||
Dividends paid to shareholders |
(216 | ) | (215 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
(1,141 | ) | 156 | |||||
Net decrease in cash and invested cash |
(632 | ) | (812 | ) | ||||
Cash and invested cash at beginning-of-year |
1,621 | 2,312 | ||||||
Cash and invested cash at end-of-period |
$ | 989 | $ | 1,500 | ||||
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
5
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. Basis of Presentation
Lincoln National Corporation and its majority-owned subsidiaries (LNC or the Company, which also may be referred to as we, our or us) operate multiple insurance and investment management businesses as well as a broadcasting and sports programming business through seven business segments (see Note 10). The collective group of businesses uses Lincoln Financial Group as its marketing identity. Through our business segments, we sell a wide range of wealth protection, accumulation and retirement income products and solutions. These products include institutional and/or retail fixed and indexed annuities, variable annuities, universal life insurance, variable universal life insurance, term life insurance, mutual funds and managed accounts.
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions for the Securities and Exchange Commission Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. Therefore, the information contained in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 (2006 Form 10-K) should be referred to in connection with the reading of these interim unaudited consolidated financial statements.
On April 3, 2006, we completed our merger with Jefferson-Pilot Corporation (Jefferson-Pilot), and have included the results of operations and financial condition of Jefferson-Pilot in our consolidated financial statements beginning on April 3, 2006.
On June 7, 2007, we announced plans to explore strategic options for Lincoln Financial Media. We are evaluating a range of options including, but not limited to, divestiture strategies. At this time, there have been no decisions from this strategic review, and a transaction may or may not result from the completion of this evaluation.
In the opinion of management, these statements include all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results. Operating results for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2007 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2007. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Certain amounts reported in prior periods unaudited consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2007 presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on net income or shareholders equity of the prior periods.
2. Changes in Accounting Principles and Changes in Estimates
Statement of Position 05-1 Accounting by Insurance Enterprises for Deferred Acquisition Costs in Connection with Modifications or Exchanges of Insurance Contracts. In September 2005, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) issued Statement of Position (SOP) 05-1, Accounting by Insurance Enterprises for Deferred Acquisition Costs in Connection with Modifications or Exchanges of Insurance Contracts (SOP 05-1). SOP 05-1 provides guidance on accounting for deferred acquisition costs (DAC) on internal replacements of insurance and investment contracts. An internal replacement, defined by SOP 05-1, is a modification in product benefits, features, rights or coverages that occurs by the exchange of a contract for a new contract, or by amendment, endorsement or rider to a contract, or by the election of a feature or coverage within a contract. Contract modifications that result in a substantially unchanged contract will be accounted for as a continuation of the replaced contract. Contract modifications that result in a substantially changed contract should be accounted for as an extinguishment of the replaced contract. Unamortized DAC, unearned revenue and deferred sales inducements from the replaced contract must be written-off. SOP 05-1 is effective for internal replacements occurring in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006.
6
We adopted SOP 05-1 effective January 1, 2007 by recording decreases to the following categories in our Consolidated Balance Sheets:
(in millions) |
|||
Assets |
|||
Deferred acquisition costs |
$ | 31 | |
Value of business acquired |
35 | ||
Other assetsdeferred sales inducements |
3 | ||
Total assets |
$ | 69 | |
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity |
|||
Investment contract and policyholder fundsdeferred front end loads |
$ | 2 | |
Insurance policy and claim reservesguaranteed minimum death benefit annuity reserves |
4 | ||
Other liabilitiesincome tax liabilities |
22 | ||
Total liabilities |
28 | ||
Retained earnings |
41 | ||
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity |
$ | 69 | |
The adoption of this new guidance primarily impacts our Individual Markets Annuities and Employer Markets Group Protection businesses, and our accounting policies regarding the assumptions for lapsation used in the amortization of DAC and value of business acquired (VOBA). In addition, the adoption of SOP 05-1 resulted in a $4 million and $10 million pre-tax increase to underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses on our Consolidated Statements of Income in the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2007, which was attributable to changes in DAC and VOBA amortization.
FASB Interpretation No. 48 Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109. In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (FIN 48). FIN 48 requires an entity to determine whether it is more likely than not that an individual tax position will be sustained upon examination by the appropriate taxing authority prior to any part of the benefit being recognized in the financial statements. The amount recognized would be the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement, along with any related interest and penalties (if applicable). Upon adoption of FIN 48, the guidance will be applied to all tax positions, and only those tax positions meeting the more likely than not threshold will be recognized or continue to be recognized in the financial statements. In addition, FIN 48 expands disclosure requirements to include additional information related to unrecognized tax benefits, including accrued interest and penalties, and uncertain tax positions where the estimate of the tax benefit may change significantly in the next twelve months. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. We adopted FIN 48 effective January 1, 2007 by recording an increase in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits of $15 million in our Consolidated Balance Sheets, offset by a reduction to the beginning balance of retained earnings. See Note 4 for more information regarding our adoption of FIN 48.
SFAS No. 155 Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140. In February 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 155, Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140 (SFAS 155), which permits fair value remeasurement for a hybrid financial instrument that contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation. Under SFAS 155, an entity may make an irrevocable election to measure a hybrid financial instrument at fair value, in its entirety, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. SFAS 155 also: (a) clarifies which interest-only strips and principal-only strips are not subject to the requirements of SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (SFAS 133); (b) eliminates the interim guidance in SFAS 133 Implementation Issue No. D1, Application of Statement 133 to Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets, and establishes a requirement to evaluate beneficial interests in securitized financial assets to identify interests that are either freestanding derivatives or hybrid financial instruments that contain an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation; (c) clarifies that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded derivatives; and (d) eliminates restrictions on a qualifying special-purpose entitys ability to hold passive derivative financial instruments that pertain to beneficial interests that are or contain a derivative financial instrument.
In December 2006, the FASB issued Derivative Implementation Group Statement 133 Implementation Issue No. B40,
7
Embedded Derivatives: Application of Paragraph 13(b) to Securitized Interests in Prepayable Financial Assets (DIG B40). Since SFAS 155 eliminated the interim guidance related to securitized financial assets, DIG B40 provides a narrow scope exception for securitized interests that contain only an embedded derivative related to prepayment risk. Under DIG B40, a securitized interest in prepayable financial assets would not be subject to bifurcation if: (a) the right to accelerate the settlement of the securitized interest cannot be controlled by the investor and (b) the securitized interest itself does not contain an embedded derivative for which bifurcation would be required other than an embedded derivative that results solely from the embedded call options in the underlying financial assets. Any other terms in the securitized financial asset that may affect cash flow in a manner similar to a derivative instrument would be subject to the requirements of paragraph 13(b) of SFAS 133. The guidance in DIG B40 is to be applied upon the adoption of SFAS 155.
We adopted the provisions SFAS 155 and DIG B40 on January 1, 2007. Prior period restatement was not permitted. The adoption of SFAS 155 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.
SFAS No. 157 Fair Value Measurements. In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157), which establishes a framework for measuring fair value under current accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurement. SFAS 157 retains the exchange price notion, but clarifies that exchange price is the price in an orderly transaction between market participants to sell the asset or transfer the liability in the most advantageous market for that asset or liability. Fair value measurement is based on assumptions used by market participants in pricing the asset or liability, which may include inherent risk, restrictions on the sale or use of an asset, or nonperformance risk which would include the reporting entitys own credit risk. SFAS 157 establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The highest priority is given to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs in situations where there is little or no market activity for the asset or liability. In addition, SFAS 157 expands the disclosure requirements for annual and interim reporting to focus on the inputs used to measure fair value, including those measurements using significant unobservable inputs, and the effects of the measurements on earnings. SFAS 157 will be applied prospectively and is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Retrospective application is required for certain financial instruments as a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. We expect to adopt SFAS 157 effective January 1, 2008, and are currently evaluating the effects of SFAS 157 on our consolidated financial condition and results of operations.
SFAS No. 159 The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (SFAS 159), which allows an entity to make an irrevocable election, on specific election dates, to measure eligible items at fair value. The election to measure an item at fair value may be determined on an instrument by instrument basis, with certain exceptions. If the fair value option is elected, unrealized gains and losses will be recognized in earnings at each subsequent reporting date, and any upfront costs and fees related to the item will be recognized in earnings as incurred. In addition, the presentation and disclosure requirements of SFAS 159 are designed to assist in the comparison between entities that select different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. SFAS 159 applies to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, with early adoption permitted for an entity that has also elected to apply the provisions of SFAS 157. At the effective date, the fair value option may be elected for eligible items that exist on that date. The effect of the first remeasurement to fair value shall be reported as a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. We expect to adopt SFAS 159 effective January 1, 2008, and are currently evaluating the items to which we may apply the fair value option and the effect on our consolidated financial condition and results of operations.
SOP 07-1 Clarification of the Scope of the Audit and Accounting Guide Investment Companies and Accounting by Parent Companies and Equity Method Investors for Investments in Investment Companies. In June 2007, the AICPA issued SOP 07-1, Clarification of the Scope of the Audit and Accounting Guide Investment Companies and Accounting by Parent Companies and Equity Method Investors for Investments in Investment Companies (SOP 07-1). SOP 07-1 provides guidance for determining whether an entity is within the scope of the AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide, Investment Companies (the Guide). For those entities that are deemed to be investment companies, this SOP also addresses whether the specialized industry accounting principles of the Guide (investment company accounting) should be retained by a parent company in consolidation or by an investor that has the ability to exercise significant influence over the investment company and applies the equity method of accounting to its investment in the entity (equity method investor). In addition, this SOP includes certain disclosure requirements for parent companies and equity method investors in investment companies that retain investment company accounting in the parent companys consolidated financial statements or the financial statements of an equity method investor. This SOP may cause companies to no longer be considered investment companies or investors in investment companies to no longer be able to retain the specialized industry accounting of an investee in their own financial statements. However, it may be possible for these entities or investors to elect, upon transition, to report certain noncontrolling investments at fair value under SFAS 159. SOP 07-1 applies to fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2007. We expect to adopt SOP 07-1 effective January 1, 2008, and are currently evaluating the effects of SOP 07-1 on our consolidated financial condition and results of operations.
8
3. Business Combination
On April 3, 2006, we completed our merger with Jefferson-Pilot by acquiring 100% of the outstanding shares of Jefferson-Pilot in a transaction accounted for under the purchase method of accounting prescribed by SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations (SFAS 141). Jefferson-Pilots results of operations are included in our results of operations beginning April 3, 2006. As a result of the merger, our product portfolio was expanded, and we now offer fixed and variable universal life, fixed annuities, including indexed annuities, variable annuities, mutual funds and institutional accounts, 401(k) and 403(b) offerings, and group life, disability and dental insurance products. We also own and operate television and radio stations in selected markets in the Southeastern and Western United States and produce and distribute sports programming.
SFAS 141 requires that the total purchase price be allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values at the merger date.
The aggregate consideration paid for the merger was as follows:
(in millions, except share data) |
Share Amounts | |||||
LNC common shares issued |
112,301,906 | |||||
Purchase price per share of LNC common share (1) |
$ | 48.98 | ||||
Fair value of common shares issued |
$ | 5,501 | ||||
Cash paid to Jefferson-Pilot shareholders |
1,800 | |||||
Fair value of Jefferson-Pilot stock options (2) |
151 | |||||
Transaction costs |
66 | |||||
Total purchase price |
$ | 7,518 | ||||
(1) |
The value of the shares of LNC common stock exchanged with Jefferson-Pilot shareholders was based upon the average of the closing prices of LNC common stock for the five day trading period ranging from two days before, to two days after, October 10, 2005, the date the merger was announced. |
(2) |
Includes certain stock options that vested immediately upon the consummation of the merger. Any future income tax deduction related to these vested stock options will be recognized on the option exercise date as an adjustment to the purchase price and recorded to goodwill. |
The fair value of Jefferson-Pilots specifically identifiable net assets acquired in the merger was $4.2 billion. Goodwill of $3.3 billion resulted from the excess of purchase price over the fair value of Jefferson-Pilots net assets. The amount of goodwill that is expected to be deductible for tax purposes is approximately $24 million. We paid a premium over the fair value of Jefferson-Pilots net assets for a number of potential strategic and financial benefits that are expected to be realized as a result of the merger including, but not limited to, the following:
| Greater size and scale with improved earnings diversification and strong financial flexibility; |
| Broader, more balanced product portfolio; |
| Larger distribution organization; and |
| Value creation opportunities through expense savings and revenue enhancements across business units. |
9
The following table summarizes the fair values of the net assets acquired as of the acquisition date:
(in millions) |
Fair Value | |||
Investments |
$ | 27,910 | ||
Due from reinsurers |
1,296 | |||
Value of business acquired |
2,486 | |||
Goodwill |
3,324 | |||
Other assets |
1,693 | |||
Assets held in separate accounts |
2,574 | |||
Insurance and investment contract liabilities |
(26,641 | ) | ||
Long-term debt |
(905 | ) | ||
Income tax liabilities |
(782 | ) | ||
Accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities |
(863 | ) | ||
Liabilities related to separate accounts |
(2,574 | ) | ||
Total purchase price |
$ | 7,518 | ||
The goodwill resulting from the merger was allocated to the following segments (1):
(in millions) |
|||
Individual Markets: |
|||
Life Insurance |
$ | 1,346 | |
Annuities |
1,002 | ||
Total Individual Markets |
2,348 | ||
Employer Markets: Group Protection |
274 | ||
Lincoln Financial Media |
702 | ||
Total goodwill |
$ | 3,324 | |
(1) |
In the second quarter of 2007, we reclassified an immaterial amount of goodwill between segments to correct the presentation of the final allocation of goodwill by segment. This change had no impact to total goodwill. |
The following table summarizes the fair value of identifiable intangible assets acquired in the merger and reported in other assets.
(in millions) |
Weighted Average Amortization Period | ||||
Lincoln Financial Media: |
|||||
FCC licenses |
$ | 638 | N/A | ||
Sports production rights |
11 | 5 years | |||
Network affiliation agreements |
10 | 21 years | |||
Other |
11 | 16 years | |||
Total Lincoln Financial Media |
670 | ||||
Individual MarketsLife Insurance: |
|||||
Sales force |
100 | 25 years | |||
Total indentifiable intangibles |
$ | 770 | |||
Identifiable intangibles not subject to amortization |
$ | 638 | N/A | ||
Identifiable intangibles subject to amortization |
132 | 22 years | |||
Total identifiable intangibles |
$ | 770 | |||
10
4. Federal Income Taxes
The effective tax rate was 29.6% and 30.9% for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006 was 30.1% and 30.5%, respectively. Differences in the effective rates and the U.S. statutory rate of 35% are the result of certain tax preferred investment income, foreign tax credits and other tax preference items.
We are required to establish a valuation allowance for any gross deferred tax assets that are unlikely to reduce taxes payable in future years tax returns. At June 30, 2007, we believe that it is more likely than not that all gross deferred tax assets will reduce taxes payable in future years.
As discussed in Note 2, we adopted FIN 48 on January 1, 2007, and as of this date we had unrecognized tax benefits of $349 million of which $143 million, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate. Also, as of the adoption date, we had accrued interest expense related to the unrecognized tax benefits of $51 million. We recognize interest and penalties, if any, accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of tax expense.
In the normal course of business we are subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the United States and the United Kingdom. At any given time, we may be under examination by state, local or non-U.S. income tax authorities.
We are currently under audit by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). LNC is currently under audit by the IRS for years 2003 and 2004. For the former Jefferson-Pilot Corporation and its subsidiaries, the IRS is examining the years 2004 and 2005. During the first quarter of 2006, the IRS completed its examination for the tax years 1999 through 2002 with assessments resulting in a payment that was not material to our consolidated results of operations. In addition to taxes assessed and interest, the payment included a deposit relating to a portion of the assessment, which we continue to challenge. We believe that this portion of the assessment is inconsistent with existing law and are protesting it through the established IRS appeals process. We do not anticipate that any adjustments that might result from such audits would be material to our consolidated results of operations or financial condition. It is likely that the IRS appeals process for the tax years 1996 to 1998 will conclude within the next twelve months. It is reasonably possible that a reduction in the unrecognized tax benefits may occur; however, quantification of an estimated range cannot be made at this time.
5. Supplemental Financial Data
A rollforward of DAC is as follows:
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | ||||||
Balance at beginning-of-year |
$ | 5,116 | $ | 4,164 | ||||
Cumulative effect of adoption of SOP 05-1 |
(31 | ) | | |||||
Deferral |
968 | 595 | ||||||
Amortization |
(368 | ) | (293 | ) | ||||
Adjustment related to realized gains on securities available-for-sale and derivatives |
(13 | ) | (30 | ) | ||||
Adjustment related to unrealized losses on securities available-for-sale and derivatives |
188 | 348 | ||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
13 | 37 | ||||||
Balance at end-of-period |
$ | 5,873 | $ | 4,821 | ||||
11
A rollforward of VOBA is as follows:
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | ||||||
Balance at beginning-of-year |
$ | 3,304 | $ | 999 | ||||
Cumulative effect of adoption of SOP 05-1 |
(35 | ) | | |||||
Business acquired |
14 | 2,474 | ||||||
Deferral of commissions |
24 | 41 | ||||||
Amortization |
(228 | ) | (144 | ) | ||||
Accretion of interest |
70 | 50 | ||||||
Adjustment related to realized gains on securities available-for-sale and derivatives |
(7 | ) | | |||||
Adjustment related to unrealized losses on securities available-for-sale and derivatives |
78 | 68 | ||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
8 | 19 | ||||||
Balance at end-of-period |
$ | 3,228 | $ | 3,507 | ||||
Realized gains and losses on investments and derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Income for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006 are net of amounts amortized against DAC and VOBA of $20 million and $30 million, respectively. In addition, realized gains and losses for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006 are net of adjustments made to policyholder reserves of $(2) million and $(3) million, respectively. We have either a contractual obligation or a consistent historical practice of making allocations of investment gains or losses to certain policyholders and to certain reinsurance arrangements.
A rollforward of deferred sales inducements, which is included in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, is as follows:
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | ||||||
Balance at beginning-of-year |
$ | 194 | $ | 129 | ||||
Cumulative effect of adoption of SOP 05-1 |
(3 | ) | | |||||
Deferral |
51 | 36 | ||||||
Amortization |
(17 | ) | (10 | ) | ||||
Balance at end-of-period |
$ | 225 | $ | 155 | ||||
Details underlying underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income are as follows:
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||
Commissions |
$ | 536 | $ | 421 | $ | 1,050 | $ | 663 | ||||||||
General and administrative expenses |
475 | 401 | 900 | 707 | ||||||||||||
DAC and VOBA deferrals, net of amortization |
(260 | ) | (169 | ) | (466 | ) | (249 | ) | ||||||||
Other intangibles amortization |
3 | 7 | 7 | 8 | ||||||||||||
Taxes, licenses and fees |
52 | 47 | 119 | 81 | ||||||||||||
Restructuring charges |
9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | ||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 815 | $ | 717 | $ | 1,620 | $ | 1,220 | ||||||||
As discussed in Note 3, the excess of the purchase price for the Jefferson-Pilot merger over the fair value of net assets acquired totaled $3.3 billion.
12
The following summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment for the six months ended June 30, 2007:
(in millions) |
Balance at December 31, 2006 |
Purchase Accounting and Other Adjustments |
Balance at June 30, 2007 | |||||||
Individual Markets: |
||||||||||
Life Insurance |
$ | 2,181 | $ | 20 | $ | 2,201 | ||||
Annuities |
1,032 | 13 | 1,045 | |||||||
Employer Markets: |
||||||||||
Retirement Products |
20 | | 20 | |||||||
Group Protection |
281 | (7 | ) | 274 | ||||||
Investment Management |
262 | | 262 | |||||||
Lincoln Financial Media |
707 | (5 | ) | 702 | ||||||
Lincoln UK |
17 | | 17 | |||||||
Total |
$ | 4,500 | $ | 21 | $ | 4,521 | ||||
Details of investment contract and policyholder funds on the Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows:
(in millions) |
June 30, 2007 |
December 31, 2006 | ||||
Premium deposit funds |
$ | 20,201 | $ | 20,541 | ||
Other policyholder funds |
37,742 | 37,197 | ||||
Deferred front end loads |
1,106 | 977 | ||||
Undistributed earnings on participating business |
87 | 102 | ||||
Total |
$ | 59,136 | $ | 58,817 | ||
6. Insurance Benefit Reserves
We issue variable contracts through our separate accounts for which investment income and investment gains and losses accrue directly to, and investment risk is borne by, the contractholder (traditional variable annuities). We also issue variable annuity and life contracts through separate accounts that include various types of guaranteed minimum death benefit (GMDB), guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit and guaranteed income benefit features. The GMDB features include those where we contractually guarantee to the contractholder either (a) return of no less than total deposits made to the contract less any partial withdrawals, (b) total deposits made to the contract less any partial withdrawals plus a minimum return, or (c) the highest contract value on any contract anniversary date through age 80 minus any payments or withdrawals following the contract anniversary.
The following table provides information on the GMDB features outstanding at June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006. (Note that our variable contracts with guarantees may offer more than one type of guarantee in each contract; therefore, the amounts listed are not mutually exclusive). The net amount at risk is defined as the current guaranteed minimum death benefit in excess of the current account balance at the balance sheet date.
13
In Event of Death | ||||||||
(dollars in billions) |
June 30, 2007 |
December 31, 2006 |
||||||
Return of Net Deposit |
||||||||
Account value |
$ | 42.7 | $ | 38.3 | ||||
Net amount at risk |
0.1 | 0.1 | ||||||
Average attained age of contractholders |
55 | 54 | ||||||
Return of Net Deposits Plus a Minimum Return |
||||||||
Account value |
$ | 0.4 | $ | 0.4 | ||||
Net amount at risk |
| | ||||||
Average attained age of contractholders |
67 | 67 | ||||||
Guaranteed minimum return |
5 | % | 5 | % | ||||
Highest Specified Anniversary Account Value Minus Withdrawals Post Anniversary |
||||||||
Account value |
$ | 24.8 | $ | 22.5 | ||||
Net amount at risk |
0.2 | 0.2 | ||||||
Average attained age of contractholders |
64 | 64 |
The determination of the GMDB liabilities is based on models that involve a range of scenarios and assumptions, including those regarding expected market rates of return and volatility, contract surrender rates and mortality experience.
The following summarizes the liabilities for GMDB, which is recorded in insurance policy and claim reserves on our Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | ||||||
Balance at beginning-of-year |
$ | 23 | $ | 15 | ||||
Cumulative effect of adoption of SOP 05-1 |
(4 | ) | | |||||
Changes in reserves |
10 | 11 | ||||||
Benefits paid |
(3 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||
Balance at end-of-period |
$ | 26 | $ | 23 | ||||
The changes to the benefit reserves amounts above are reflected in benefits in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Also included in benefits are the results of the hedging program, which included losses of $1 million and $2 million for GMDB for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, respectively, and a loss of $2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006.
14
Separate account balances attributable to variable annuity contracts with guarantees are as follows:
(in billions) |
June 30, 2007 |
December 31, 2006 |
||||||
Asset Type |
||||||||
Domestic equity |
$ | 43.8 | $ | 39.3 | ||||
International equity |
7.2 | 5.9 | ||||||
Bonds |
7.3 | 6.4 | ||||||
Total |
58.3 | 51.6 | ||||||
Money market |
6.3 | 5.6 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 64.6 | $ | 57.2 | ||||
Percent of total variable annuity separate account values |
88 | % | 87 | % | ||||
Credit-Linked Notes
As of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, we had $1.2 billion and $700 million outstanding in funding agreements, which is classified in investment contract and policyholder funds on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We invested proceeds of $850 million from three funding agreements issued in 2006 and 2007 into three separate credit-linked notes originated by third-party companies. We earn a spread between the coupon received on the credit-linked notes and the interest credited on the funding agreements. Our credit-linked notes were created using a trust that combined a high quality asset with a credit default swap to produce multi-class structured securities. Consistent with other debt market instruments, we are exposed to credit losses within the structure of the credit-linked notes, which could result in principal losses to our investments. However, we have insulated our investments from credit losses due to the multi-tiered class structure of the credit-linked note, which requires the subordinated classes of the investment pool to absorb all of the initial credit losses. Our affiliate, Delaware Investments, manages the investments in the underlying portfolio. We will not incur credit losses until after the subordinated classes are retired and additional credit losses are incurred in the underlying credit-linked note structure. Similar to other debt market instruments, our maximum principal loss is limited to our original investment of $850 million as of June 30, 2007.
The statutory surplus of our insurance subsidiaries is impacted by changes in the market value of these investments. The market values of these investments are sensitive to credit spreads. Sustained declines in the market value of these investments, such as widening credit spreads, would reduce the surplus and may negatively impact the dividend capacity of our insurance subsidiaries.
The table below summarizes information regarding our investments in these securities:
Amount and Date of Issuance | |||||||||
(dollars in millions) |
$400 million December 2006 |
$200 million April 2007 |
$250 million April 2007 | ||||||
Amount of subordination* |
$ | 2,220 | $ | 410 | $ | 1,167 | |||
Total amount of pool |
$ | 40,000 | $ | 20,000 | $ | 25,000 | |||
Maturity |
12/20/16 | 3/20/17 | 6/20/17 | ||||||
Current rating of tranche* |
AA | Aa2 | AA | ||||||
Number of entities* |
125 | 100 | 102 | ||||||
Number of countries* |
19 | 21 | 15 | ||||||
Number of industries* |
36 | 27 | 30 |
* | As of August 2, 2007 |
We are not aware of any significant realized credit losses in the above investments as of June 30, 2007. We have determined that we are not the primary beneficiary, as we do not hold the majority of the risk of loss.
15
7. Employee Benefit Plans
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
As a result of our merger with Jefferson-Pilot, we maintain funded defined benefit pension plans for the former U.S. employees and agents of Jefferson-Pilot. The components of net defined benefit pension plan and postretirement benefit plan expense are as follows:
Pension Benefits | Other Postretirement Benefits | ||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Three Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||
U.S. Plans |
|||||||||||||||
Service cost |
$ | 7 | $ | 9 | $ | 1 | $ | 1 | |||||||
Interest cost |
14 | 15 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(20 | ) | (19 | ) | | | |||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost |
(1 | ) | | | | ||||||||||
Recognized net actuarial (gains) losses |
| 1 | (1 | ) | | ||||||||||
Net periodic benefit expense |
$ | | $ | 6 | $ | 2 | $ | 3 | |||||||
Non-U.S. Plans |
|||||||||||||||
Interest cost |
$ | 5 | $ | 4 | |||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(5 | ) | (4 | ) | |||||||||||
Recognized net actuarial losses |
1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Net periodic benefit expense |
$ | 1 | $ | 1 | |||||||||||
Pension Benefits | Other Postretirement Benefits | ||||||||||||||
Six Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||
U.S. Plans |
|||||||||||||||
Service cost |
$ | 16 | $ | 14 | $ | 2 | $ | 1 | |||||||
Interest cost |
30 | 23 | 4 | 3 | |||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(40 | ) | (30 | ) | (1 | ) | | ||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost |
(1 | ) | | | | ||||||||||
Recognized net actuarial (gains) losses |
| 2 | (1 | ) | 1 | ||||||||||
Net periodic benefit expense |
$ | 5 | $ | 9 | $ | 4 | $ | 5 | |||||||
Non-U.S. Plans |
|||||||||||||||
Service cost |
$ | 1 | $ | | |||||||||||
Interest cost |
9 | 8 | |||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(10 | ) | (8 | ) | |||||||||||
Recognized net actuarial losses |
2 | 2 | |||||||||||||
Net periodic benefit expense |
$ | 2 | $ | 2 | |||||||||||
On May 1, 2007, we announced plans to change the retirement benefits provided to employees, which include replacing our traditional pension retirement benefits with a new defined contribution plan beginning January 1, 2008. This prospective change in benefits will not impact any of the pension retirement benefits that have already accrued to employees. On January 1, 2008, retirement benefits for employees will begin accruing through the new defined contribution plan. This change is not expected to be material to our future earnings, but resulted in a one-time curtailment gain of $9 million ($6 million after-tax) in the second quarter of 2007, which is reported within Other Operations.
See Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements in our 2006 Form 10-K for a detailed discussion of our other benefit plans.
16
8. Stock-Based Incentive Compensation Plans
See Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements in our 2006 Form 10-K for a detailed discussion of stock and incentive compensation.
We have various incentive plans for our employees, agents and directors and our subsidiaries that provide for the issuance of stock options, stock incentive awards, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units (performance shares), and deferred stock units. Delaware Investments U.S., Inc. (DIUS) has a separate stock option incentive plan.
In the first quarter of 2007, a performance period from 2007-2009 was approved for our executive officers by the Compensation Committee. Executive officers participating in this performance period received one-half of their award in 10-year LNC or DIUS stock options, with the remainder of the award in a combination of either: 100% performance shares or 75% performance shares and 25% cash. LNC stock options granted for this performance period vest ratably over the three-year period, based solely on a service condition. DIUS stock options granted for this performance period vest ratably over a four-year period, based solely on a service condition and were granted only to employees of DIUS. Depending on the performance, the actual amount of performance shares could range from zero to 200% of the granted amount. Under the 2007-2009 plan, a total of 725,161 LNC stock options were granted; 12,237 DIUS stock options were granted; and 126,879 LNC performance shares were granted.
In addition to the stock-based grants noted above, various other LNC stock-based awards were granted in the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, which are summarized in the tables below:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2007 |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2007 | |||
Awards |
||||
10-year LNC stock options |
72,439 | 421,327 | ||
Non-employee director stock options |
30,070 | 30,070 | ||
Non-employee agent stock options |
915 | 158,990 | ||
Restricted stock units |
10,589 | 233,245 | ||
Stock appreciation rights |
| 187,750 |
9. Restrictions, Commitments and Contingencies
See Restrictions, Commitments and Contingencies in Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements in our 2006 Form 10-K for a discussion of restrictions, commitments and contingencies, which information is incorporated herein by reference.
Statutory Information and Restrictions
Our insurance subsidiaries are subject to certain insurance department regulatory restrictions as to the transfer of funds and payment of dividends to the holding company. Generally, these restrictions pose no short-term liquidity concerns for the holding company. For example, under Indiana laws and regulations, our Indiana insurance subsidiaries, including one of our major insurance subsidiaries, The Lincoln National Life Insurance Company (LNL), may pay dividends to LNC only from unassigned surplus, without prior approval of the Indiana Insurance Commissioner (the Commissioner), or must receive prior approval of the Commissioner to pay a dividend if such dividend, along with all other dividends paid within the preceding twelve consecutive months, would exceed the statutory limitation. The current statutory limitation is the greater of (i) 10% of the insurers policyholders surplus, as shown on its last annual statement on file with the Commissioner or (ii) the insurers statutory net gain from operations for the previous twelve months, but in no event to exceed statutory unassigned surplus. Indiana law gives the Commissioner broad discretion to disapprove requests for dividends in excess of these limits. Our Jefferson-Pilot Life Insurance Company subsidiary, domiciled in North Carolina, and our Jefferson Pilot Financial Insurance Company subsidiary, domiciled in Nebraska, were merged with and into LNL, our Indiana domiciled subsidiary. Our Jefferson Pilot LifeAmerica Insurance Company subsidiary was redomiciled from New Jersey to New York, and our New York domiciled company subsidiary, Lincoln Life & Annuity Company of New York, was subsequently merged with and into it. The merged company retains the name Lincoln Life & Annuity Company of New York (LLANY). LLANY is a wholly owned subsidiary of LNL. LLANY is subject to similar, but not identical, regulatory restrictions with regard to the transfer of funds and payment of dividends as our Indiana domiciled subsidiaries. Ownership of our other Indiana domiciled subsidiary, First Penn Pacific Life Insurance Company, was transferred by extraordinary dividend payment from LNL to LNC. As a result of that transfer, any transfer of funds and payment of dividends from our Indiana domiciled insurance companies are subject to the prior approval of the Indiana Insurance Commissioner for the remainder of 2007.
Reinsurance Contingencies
Our amounts recoverable from reinsurers represent receivables from and reserves ceded to reinsurers. We obtain reinsurance from a diverse group of reinsurers, and we monitor concentration as well as financial strength ratings of our principal reinsurers. Swiss Re Life & Health America, Inc. (Swiss Re) represents our largest reinsurance exposure. In the second quarter of 2007, we recognized a reserve increase on the personal accident business that was sold to Swiss Re through an indemnity reinsurance transaction in 2001, at which time we recognized a deferred gain that is being amortized into income at the rate that earnings are expected to emerge within a 15 year period. This adjustment resulted in a non-cash charge of $13 million, after-tax, to increase reserves, which was partially offset by a cumulative catch-up adjustment to the deferred gain amortization of $5 million, after-tax, for a total decrease to net income of $8 million. The impact of the accounting for reserve adjustments related to this reinsurance treaty is excluded from our definition of income from operations. Because Swiss Re is responsible for paying the underlying claims to the ceding companies corresponding to the reserve increase, we record an increase in the reinsurance recoverable in the period of the change. The amount of the additional increase to the deferred gain above the cumulative amortization catch-up adjustment will be amortized into income in future periods over the remaining period of expected run-off of the underlying business.
Media Commitments
Lincoln Financial Media has commitments to purchase future sports programming rights, and for employment contracts, leases and syndicated television programming of approximately $264 million through 2012 and $16 million thereafter. We have offset the purchase of these programming rights by receiving commitments from other entities to purchase a portion of our sports
17
programming rights of approximately $119 million through 2011, as well as by entering into advertising contracts with customers for the airing of commercials. These commitments are not reflected as an asset or liability in our Consolidated Balance Sheets because the programs are not currently available for use.
10. Segment Information
In the quarter ended June 30, 2006, we completed our merger with Jefferson-Pilot and realigned our reporting segments to reflect the current manner by which our chief operating decision makers view and manage the business. We provide products and services in five operating businesses: (1) Individual Markets, (2) Employer Markets, (3) Investment Management, (4) Lincoln UK and (5) Lincoln Financial Media, and report results through seven business segments.
We also have Other Operations, which includes the financial data for operations that are not directly related to the business segments, unallocated corporate items (such as investment income on investments related to the amount of statutory surplus in our insurance subsidiaries that is not allocated to our business units and other corporate investments, interest expense on short-term and long-term borrowings, and certain expenses, including restructuring and merger-related expenses), along with the ongoing amortization of deferred gain on the indemnity reinsurance portion of the transaction with Swiss Re. Other Operations also includes the eliminations of intercompany transactions and the inter-segment elimination of the investment advisory fees for asset management services the Investment Management segment provides to Individual Markets and Employer Markets.
Segment operating revenue and income (loss) from operations are internal measures used by our management and Board of Directors to evaluate and assess the results of our segments. Operating revenue is GAAP revenue excluding realized gains and losses on investments and derivative instruments, gains and losses on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities, gains and losses on sale of subsidiaries/businesses and the amortization of deferred gain arising from reserve development on business sold through reinsurance. Income (loss) from operations is GAAP net income excluding net realized investment gains and losses, losses on early retirement of debt, reserve development net of related amortization on business sold through reinsurance and cumulative effect of accounting changes. Our management and Board of Directors believe that operating revenue and income (loss) from operations explain the results of our ongoing businesses in a manner that allows for a better understanding of the underlying trends in our current businesses because net realized investment gains and losses, reserve development net of related amortization on business sold through reinsurance and cumulative effect of accounting changes are unpredictable and not necessarily indicative of current operating fundamentals or future performance of the business segments, and in many instances, decisions regarding these items do not necessarily relate to the operations of the individual segments. Operating revenue and income (loss) from operations do not replace revenues and net income as the GAAP measures of our consolidated results of operations.
18
The following tables show financial data by segment:
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||
Revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Segment operating revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Individual Markets: |
||||||||||||||||
Annuities |
$ | 675 | $ | 552 | $ | 1,281 | $ | 927 | ||||||||
Life Insurance |
957 | 901 | 1,929 | 1,402 | ||||||||||||
Total Individual Markets |
1,632 | 1,453 | 3,210 | 2,329 | ||||||||||||
Employer Markets: |
||||||||||||||||
Retirement Products |
367 | 350 | 726 | 656 | ||||||||||||
Group Protection |
391 | 355 | 751 | 355 | ||||||||||||
Total Employer Markets |
758 | 705 | 1,477 | 1,011 | ||||||||||||
Investment Management (1) |
151 | 135 | 301 | 274 | ||||||||||||
Lincoln UK |
93 | 81 | 183 | 151 | ||||||||||||
Lincoln Financial Media (2) |
57 | 58 | 125 | 58 | ||||||||||||
Other Operations |
80 | 98 | 154 | 157 | ||||||||||||
Consolidating adjustments |
(34 | ) | (29 | ) | (69 | ) | (57 | ) | ||||||||
Net realized investment results (3) |
(5 | ) | (5 | ) | 22 | (6 | ) | |||||||||
Amortization of deferred gain on indemnity reinsurance |
8 | | 8 | | ||||||||||||
Total revenue |
$ | 2,740 | $ | 2,496 | $ | 5,411 | $ | 3,917 | ||||||||
Net Income |
||||||||||||||||
Segment operating income |
||||||||||||||||
Individual Markets: |
||||||||||||||||
Annuities |
$ | 130 | $ | 89 | $ | 251 | $ | 155 | ||||||||
Life Insurance |
176 | 147 | 343 | 216 | ||||||||||||
Total Individual Markets |
306 | 236 | 594 | 371 | ||||||||||||
Employer Markets: |
||||||||||||||||
Retirement Products |
61 | 70 | 125 | 131 | ||||||||||||
Group Protection |
29 | 37 | 52 | 37 | ||||||||||||
Total Employer Markets |
90 | 107 | 177 | 168 | ||||||||||||
Investment Management |
11 | 12 | 28 | 27 | ||||||||||||
Lincoln UK |
12 | 10 | 23 | 21 | ||||||||||||
Lincoln Financial Media |
14 | 12 | 26 | 12 | ||||||||||||
Other Operations |
(46 | ) | (26 | ) | (83 | ) | (26 | ) | ||||||||
Net realized investment results (4) |
(3 | ) | (2 | ) | 15 | (3 | ) | |||||||||
Reserve development, net of related amortization on business sold through indemnity reinsurance |
(8 | ) | | (8 | ) | | ||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 376 | $ | 349 | $ | 772 | $ | 570 | ||||||||
(1) |
Revenues for the Investment Management segment include inter-segment revenues for asset management services provided to our other segments. These inter-segment revenues totaled $20 million and $24 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and $44 million and $49 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. |
(2) |
Lincoln Financial Media revenues are net of $9 million of commissions paid to agencies for both the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, and $17 million and $9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. |
(3) |
Includes realized losses on investments of $13 million and $7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, |
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respectively; realized gains on derivative instruments of $4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007; and gains on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities of $4 million and $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Includes realized gains (losses) on investments of $14 million and $(18) million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively; realized gains on derivative instruments of $4 million for both the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006; and gains on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities of $4 million and $8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. |
(4) |
Includes realized losses on investments of $7 million and $3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively; realized gains on derivative instruments of $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007; and gains on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities of $2 million and $1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Includes realized gains (losses) on investments of $10 million and $(10) million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively; realized gains on derivative instruments of $3 million and $2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively; and gains on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities of $2 million and $5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. |
11. Earnings Per Share
The income used in the calculation of our diluted earnings per share is our income before cumulative effect of accounting change and net income, reduced by minority interest adjustments related to outstanding stock options under the DIUS stock option incentive plan of less than $1 million for all periods presented.
A reconciliation of the denominator in the calculations of basic and diluted net income and income before cumulative effect of accounting change per share is as follows:
|
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
Denominator: [number of shares] |
||||||||||||
Weighted-average shares, as used in basic calculation |
270,566,521 | 279,117,917 | 272,716,140 | 227,136,449 | ||||||||
Shares to cover conversion of preferred stock |
199,012 | 235,656 | 199,980 | 239,492 | ||||||||
Shares to cover non-vested stock |
354,054 | 1,112,575 | 751,427 | 1,336,800 | ||||||||
Average stock options outstanding during the period |
13,307,765 | 16,716,416 | 13,815,359 | 12,783,702 | ||||||||
Assumed acquisition of shares with assumed proceeds and benefits from exercising stock options (at average market price for the year) |
(11,111,321 | ) | (14,253,642 | ) | (11,613,259 | ) | (11,047,731 | ) | ||||
Shares repurchaseable from measured but unrecognized stock option expense |
(257,704 | ) | (1,552,553 | ) | (256,675 | ) | (1,188,658 | ) | ||||
Average deferred compensation shares |
1,345,246 | 1,243,972 | 1,326,853 | 1,272,201 | ||||||||
Weighted-average shares, as used in diluted calculation |
274,403,573 | 282,620,341 | 276,939,825 | 230,532,255 | ||||||||
In the event the average market price of LNC common stock exceeds the issue price of stock options, such options would be dilutive to our earnings per share and will be shown in the table above. Participants in our deferred compensation plans that select LNC stock for measuring the investment return attributable to their deferral amounts will be paid out in LNC stock. The obligation to satisfy these deferred compensation plan liabilities is dilutive and is shown in the table above.
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12. Restructuring Charges
2006 Restructuring Plan
Upon completion of the merger with Jefferson-Pilot, we implemented a restructuring plan relating to the integration of our legacy operations with those of Jefferson-Pilot. The realignment will enhance productivity, efficiency and scalability while positioning us for future growth.
The following is the detail of the reserve for restructuring charges:
(in millions) |
Total | |||
Restructuring reserve at December 31, 2006 |
$ | 8 | ||
Amounts incurred in the first six months of 2007 |
||||
Employee severance and termination benefits |
4 | |||
Other |
6 | |||
Total 2007 restructuring charges |
10 | |||
Amounts expended in the first six months of 2007 |
(12 | ) | ||
Restructuring reserve at June 30, 2007 |
$ | 6 | ||
Additional amounts expended in the first six months of 2007 that do not qualify as restructuring charges |
$ | 34 | ||
Total expected costs |
180 | |||
Expected completion date |
4th Quarter 2009 |
The total expected costs include both restructuring charges and additional expenses that do not qualify as restructuring charges that are associated with the integration activities. In addition, involuntary employee termination benefits were recorded in goodwill as part of the purchase price allocation (see Note 3). Merger integration costs relating to employee severance and termination benefits of $13 million were included in other liabilities in the purchase price allocation in 2006. The remaining liability balance at December 31, 2006 was $3 million. In the first quarter of 2007, an additional $8 million was recorded to goodwill and other liabilities as part of the final adjustment to the purchase price allocation related to employee severance and termination benefits. Through June 30, 2007 approximately $13 million of these costs were incurred and the remaining liability balance at June 30, 2007 was $8 million.
Restructuring charges for this plan in the first six months of 2007 were included in underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses within Other Operations on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
13. Subsequent Event
On July 9, 2007, we announced an agreement with an unaffiliated investment management company involving certain members of our fixed income team and related institutional separate account business. The transaction is expected to close during the fourth quarter of 2007. The maximum institutional separate accounts involved in the transaction is approximately $14 billion. However, the amount of assets included in the transaction is dependent on individual clients decisions to transfer their relationship to the unaffiliated company. This change does not impact the fixed income team that manages our fixed income mutual funds or general account assets. This transaction will not be material to our results of operations, liquidity or capital resources.
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Item 2. | Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
The following is a discussion of the financial condition of Lincoln National Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries (LNC or the Company which also may be referred to as we or us) as of June 30, 2007, compared with December 31, 2006, and the results of operations of LNC for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006. On April 3, 2006, LNC completed its merger with Jefferson-Pilot Corporation (Jefferson-Pilot). Beginning on April 3, 2006, the results of operations and financial condition of Jefferson-Pilot, after being adjusted for the effects of purchase accounting, were consolidated with LNCs. Accordingly, the financial information presented herein for the six months ended June 30, 2006, reflects the accounts of Jefferson-Pilot for only the three months ended June 30, 2006. The balance sheet information presented below is as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006. The statement of operations information is for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006.
For more information regarding the completion of the merger, including the calculation and allocation of the purchase price, see Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.
This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto presented in Item 1 (consolidated financial statements) of this Form 10-Q and in conjunction with Item 7 Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition, Results of Operations (MD&A), Item 1A Risk Factors and Item 8 Consolidated Financial Statements of our latest annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 (2006 Form 10-K).
This report contains certain financial information determined by methods other than in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). In addition to providing consolidated revenues and net income (loss), we also provide segment operating revenue and income (loss) from operations because we believe they are meaningful measures of revenues and the profit or loss generated by our operating segments. Operating revenue is GAAP revenue excluding realized gains and losses on investments and derivative instruments, gains and losses on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities, gains and losses on sale of subsidiaries/businesses and the amortization of deferred gains arising from reserve development on business sold through reinsurance. Income (loss) from operations is GAAP net income excluding net realized investment gains and losses, losses on early retirement of debt, reserve development net of related amortization on business sold through reinsurance and cumulative effect of accounting changes. Operating revenue and income (loss) from operations are the financial performance measures we use to evaluate and assess the results of our segments. Accordingly, we report operating revenue and income (loss) from operations by segment in Note 10 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements. Our management and Board of Directors believe that operating revenue and income (loss) from operations explain the results of our ongoing businesses in a manner that allows for a better understanding of the underlying trends in our current businesses because net realized investment gains and losses, reserve development net of related amortization on business sold through reinsurance and cumulative effect of accounting changes are unpredictable and not necessarily indicative of current operating fundamentals or future performance of the business segments, and in many instances, decisions regarding these items do not necessarily relate to the operations of the individual segments. Operating revenue and income (loss) from operations do not replace revenues and net income as the GAAP measures of our consolidated results of operations.
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior periods financial information to conform to the 2007 presentation.
Forward-Looking StatementsCautionary Language
Certain statements made in this release and in other written or oral statements made by Lincoln or on Lincolns behalf are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (PSLRA). A forward-looking statement is a statement that is not a historical fact and, without limitation, includes any statement that may predict, forecast, indicate or imply future results, performance or achievements, and may contain words like: believe, anticipate, expect, estimate, project, will, shall and other words or phrases with similar meaning in connection with a discussion of future operating or financial performance. In particular, these include statements relating to future actions, prospective services or products, future performance or results of current and anticipated services or products, sales efforts, expenses, the outcome of contingencies such as legal proceedings, operations, trends or financial results. Lincoln claims the protection afforded by the safe harbor for forward-looking statements provided by the PSLRA.
Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from the results contained in the forward-looking statements. Risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to vary materially, some of which are described within the forward-looking statements include, among others:
| Problems arising with the ability to successfully integrate our and Jefferson-Pilots businesses, which may affect our ability to operate as effectively and efficiently as expected or to achieve the expected synergies from the merger or to achieve such synergies within our expected timeframe; |
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| Legislative, regulatory or tax changes, both domestic and foreign, that affect the cost of, or demand for, Lincolns products, the required amount of reserves and/or surplus, or otherwise affect our ability to conduct business, including changes to statutory reserves and/or risk-based capital requirements related to secondary guarantees under universal life and variable annuity products such as Actuarial Guideline VACARVM; restrictions on revenue sharing and 12b-1 payments; and the potential for U.S. Federal tax reform; |
| The initiation of legal or regulatory proceedings against Lincoln or its subsidiaries and the outcome of any legal or regulatory proceedings, such as: (a) adverse actions related to present or past business practices common in businesses in which Lincoln and its subsidiaries compete; (b) adverse decisions in significant actions including, but not limited to, actions brought by federal and state authorities, and extra-contractual and class action damage cases; (c) new decisions that result in changes in law; and (d) unexpected trial court rulings; |
| Changes in interest rates causing a reduction of investment income, the margins of Lincolns fixed annuity and life insurance businesses and demand for Lincolns products; |
| A decline in the equity markets causing a reduction in the sales of Lincolns products, a reduction of asset fees that Lincoln charges on various investment and insurance products, an acceleration of amortization of deferred acquisition costs, value of business acquired, deferred sales inducements and deferred front-end loads and an increase in liabilities related to guaranteed benefit features of Lincolns variable annuity products; |
| Ineffectiveness of Lincolns various hedging strategies used to offset the impact of declines in and volatility of the equity markets; |
| A deviation in actual experience regarding future persistency, mortality, morbidity, interest rates or equity market returns from Lincolns assumptions used in pricing its products, in establishing related insurance reserves, and in the amortization of intangibles that may result in an increase in reserves and a decrease in net income, including as a result of investor-owned life insurance business; |
| Changes in accounting principles generally accepted in the United States that may result in unanticipated changes to Lincolns net income, including the impact of the applications of Statement of Position 07-1 and Statements of Financial Accounting Standards 157 and 159; |
| Lowering of one or more of Lincolns debt ratings issued by nationally recognized statistical rating organizations, and the adverse impact such action may have on Lincolns ability to raise capital and on its liquidity and financial condition; |
| Lowering of one or more of the insurer financial strength ratings of Lincolns insurance subsidiaries and the adverse impact such action may have on the premium writings, policy retention, and profitability of its insurance subsidiaries; |
| Significant credit, accounting, fraud or corporate governance issues that may adversely affect the value of certain investments in the portfolios of Lincolns companies requiring that Lincoln realize losses on such investments; |
| The impact of acquisitions and divestitures, restructurings, product withdrawals and other unusual items, including Lincolns ability to integrate acquisitions and to obtain the anticipated results and synergies from acquisitions; |
| The adequacy and collectibility of reinsurance that Lincoln has purchased; |
| Acts of terrorism, war, or other man-made and natural catastrophes that may adversely affect Lincolns businesses and the cost and availability of reinsurance; |
| Competitive conditions, including pricing pressures, new product offerings and the emergence of new competitors, that may affect the level of premiums and fees that Lincoln can charge for its products; |
| The unknown impact on Lincolns business resulting from changes in the demographics of Lincolns client base, as aging baby-boomers move from the asset-accumulation stage to the asset-distribution stage of life; |
| Loss of key management, portfolio managers in the Investment Management segment, financial planners or wholesalers; and |
| Changes in general economic or business conditions, both domestic and foreign, that may be less favorable than expected and may affect foreign exchange rates, premium levels, claims experience, the level of pension benefit costs and funding, and investment results. |
The risks included here are not exhaustive. Lincolns annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current
23
reports on Form 8-K and other documents filed with the SEC include additional factors which could impact Lincolns business and financial performance. Moreover, Lincoln operates in a rapidly changing and competitive environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for management to predict all such risk factors.
Further, it is not possible to assess the impact of all risk factors on Lincolns business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results. In addition, Lincoln disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that occur after the date of this report.
INTRODUCTION
Executive Summary
We are a holding company that operates multiple insurance and investment management businesses as well as broadcasting and sports programming business through subsidiary companies. Through our business segments, we sell a wide range of wealth protection, accumulation and retirement income products and solutions. These products include institutional and/or retail fixed and indexed annuities, variable annuities, universal life insurance, variable universal life insurance, linked-benefit universal life, term life insurance, mutual funds and managed accounts.
We provide products and services in five operating businesses: (1) Individual Markets, (2) Employer Markets, (3) Investment Management, (4) Lincoln UK and (5) Lincoln Financial Media, and are reporting results through seven business segments. These operating businesses and their segments are described in Part IItem 1Business of the 2006 Form 10-K.
Our strategic intent is to be the Retirement Income Security Company. Retirement income security represents all of the risks at various stages of the wealth management cycle, not just the risk of outliving income during retirement. We believe that the baby-boomer generation reaching retirement age will present an emerging opportunity for companies like ours that offer products allowing baby-boomers to better manage their wealth accumulation, retirement income and wealth transfer needs.
On April 2, 2007, we launched a larger, fixed life insurance and fixed/indexed annuity unified product suite available to our distribution force. To facilitate this unified product suite and as discussed further below under Recent Developments, we reorganized our insurance subsidiaries by merging several insurance subsidiaries. On May 21, 2007, we launched a unified fund line-up in our variable life insurance products, and on June 4, 2007, we launched a unified fund line-up in our variable annuity products. On July 9, 2007, we launched our unified term life insurance products and we have plans in place to launch our unified variable life insurance products after receiving appropriate regulatory approvals.
During 2007 we expect our major challenges to include:
| The continued, successful integration of the Jefferson-Pilot businesses and the success of our new unified product portfolio. |
| While recent increases in long-term rates have eased pressure on spreads, a continuation of the low interest rate environment creates a challenge for our products that generate investment margin profits, such as fixed annuities and universal life insurance. |
| The ability to generate tangible results from Retirement Income Security Ventures (RISV). |
| The continued, successful expansion of our wholesale distribution businesses. |
| The ability to improve financial results and sales growth in Employer Markets. |
| The continuation of competitive pressures in the life insurance marketplace, increased regulatory scrutiny of the life and annuity industry, which may lead to higher product costs and negative perceptions about the industry. |
| The market volatility caused by disruption in the subprime loan markets and overall poor liquidity in the fixed income markets. |
| Continued focus by the government on tax reform, which may impact our products. |
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In the face of these challenges, there are three key themes that will continue to influence our actions and decisions throughout 2007:
| Taking market share. We are making sizeable investments in distribution throughout the organization, recognizing that sales growth is driven by our ability to maintain a strong presence in our key accounts and distribution channels. At June 30, 2007, we had 584 wholesalers in Lincoln Financial Distributors (LFD) compared to 529 at December 31, 2006. |
| Jumpstarting our RISV. The focus of this cadre of insurance professionals is to rethink the products, delivery systems and customer servicing that will address the emerging needs of the baby boomers. |
| Embedding financial and execution discipline in our operations. We are making significant investments in operating efficiencies while integrating and consolidating systems and processes across the organization. Investment decisions will be evaluated based on a comprehensive metrics-based approach. |
Recent Developments
On April 2, 2007, we announced the introduction of the first phase of our new UPP, a wide array of fixed life insurance and fixed/indexed annuity products. On May 21, 2007, we launched a unified fund line-up in our variable life insurance products and on June 4, 2007, we launched the unified fund line-up in our variable annuity products. On July 9, 2007, we launched our unified term life insurance products and we have plans in place to launch our unified variable life insurance products after receiving appropriate regulatory approvals. Our linked benefit products were largely unaffected by the integration since Jefferson-Pilot did not offer these types of products pre-merger. Our new comprehensive product portfolio will offer solutions to baby boomers no matter where they may be in the wealth management cycle.
As part of our continuing merger integration and to facilitate the UPP, on April 2, 2007, we completed the merger of one of our wholly owned insurance subsidiaries, Jefferson-Pilot Life Insurance Company, a North Carolina domiciled insurer, with and into The Lincoln National Life Insurance Company ("LNL"), an Indiana domiciled insurer. We also completed the merger of Jefferson Pilot LifeAmerica Insurance Company ("JPLA"), a New Jersey domiciled insurer, and Lincoln Life & Annuity Company of New York, a New York domiciled insurer. JPLA has been redomiciled to New York and renamed Lincoln Life & Annuity Company of New York. On July 2, 2007, we completed the merger of Jefferson-Pilot Financial Insurance Company, a Nebraska domiciled insurer, with and into LNL, an Indiana domiciled insurer. LNL remains an Indiana domiciled insurer.
On June 7, 2007, we announced plans to explore strategic options for Lincoln Financial Media. We are evaluating a range of options including, but not limited to, divestiture strategies. At this time, there should be no assumption that this strategic review will result in any type of transaction. We do not intend to provide updates to the strategic review process or disclose developments or potential outcomes until and unless a definitive course of action is reached. For additional details, see Note 1 of our consolidated financial statements.
On July 6, 2007, our Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer, Jon A. Boscia, announced his plans to retire effective September 1, 2007. Dennis R. Glass, our President and Chief Operating Officer, was appointed Chief Executive Officer and J. Patrick Barrett, a long-time board member, was appointed as non-executive Chairman of the Board of Directors.
Critical Accounting Policies
The MD&A included in our 2006 Form 10-K contains a detailed discussion of our critical accounting policies. The following information updates the critical accounting policies provided in the 2006 Form 10-K and accordingly should be read in conjunction with the critical accounting policies discussed in the 2006 Form 10-K.
Deferred Acquisition Costs, Value of Business Acquired, Deferred Sales Inducements and Deferred Front-End Loads
In September 2005, the Accounting Standards Executive Committee of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) issued Statement of Position (SOP) 05-1, Accounting by Insurance Enterprises for Deferred Acquisition Costs in Connection with Modifications or Exchanges of Insurance Contracts (SOP 05-1). SOP 05-1 addresses the accounting for DAC on internal replacements other than those described in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 97, Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises for Certain Long-Duration Contracts and for Realized Gains and Losses from the Sale of Investments (SFAS 97). An internal replacement is defined by SOP 05-1 as a modification in product benefits, features, rights or coverages that occurs by (a) exchanging the contract for a new contract, (b) amending, endorsing or attaching a rider to the contract, or (c) electing a feature or coverage within a contract. Contract modifications that result in a substantially
25
unchanged contract are accounted for as a continuation of the replaced contract. Contract modifications that result in a substantially changed contract are accounted for as an extinguishment of the replaced contract, and any unamortized DAC, unearned revenue and deferred sales charges are written-off. SOP 05-1 was applied prospectively on January 1, 2007.
For a detailed discussion of the cumulative effect of adoption of SOP 05-1 recorded to our January 1, 2007 Consolidated Balance Sheets, see Note 2 of our consolidated financial statements. The adoption of this new guidance primarily impacted and continues to impact our Individual Markets Annuities and Employer Markets Group Protection businesses, and our related accounting policies regarding the assumptions for lapsation used in the amortization of DAC and VOBA. In addition, we estimate that the adoption of SOP 05-1 resulted in a $4 million and $10 million, pre-tax, increase to underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, which were attributable to changes in DAC and VOBA deferrals and amortization. The impact is expected to be approximately $9 million, pre-tax, for the remainder of 2007. In addition, due to the changes in our GMDB annuity reserves and DSI, we expect benefits to increase by approximately $2 million, pre-tax, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007. The impact on amortization of DFEL is expected to be less than $1 million.
As equity markets do not move in a systematic manner, we use a reversion to the mean (RTM) process to compute our best estimate long-term gross growth rate assumption. Under our current RTM process, on each valuation date, future EGPs are projected using stochastic modeling of a large number of future equity market scenarios in conjunction with best estimates of lapse rates, interest rate spreads and mortality to develop a statistical distribution of the present value of future EGPs for each of the blocks of business. Because future equity market returns are impossible to predict, the underlying premise of this process is that best estimate projections of future EGPs, as required by SFAS 97, need not be affected by random short-term and insignificant deviations from expectations in equity market returns. However, long-term or significant deviations from expected equity market returns require a change to best estimate projections of EGPs and prospective unlocking of DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL. The statistical distribution is designed to identify when the equity market return deviations from expected returns have become significant enough to warrant a change of the future equity return EGP assumption. As an illustration of the potential impact, given where our best estimate of EGPs for the Individual Markets Annuity and Employer Markets Defined Contribution segments were positioned in the range at June 30, 2007, if we were to reset the RTM to a gross variable account growth assumption representing the midpoint between the first of the two statistical ranges and the mean of the projections from June 30, 2007 forward in determining revised EGPs, we estimate it would result in a cumulative decrease to DAC amortization (positive DAC unlocking) of approximately $165 million pre-tax ($107 million after-tax). For more information about the implications of declines and advances in equity markets and our RTM process, see Part II Item 7 Critical Accounting Policies in our 2006 Form 10-K.
The table below presents the balances by business segment as of June 30, 2007.
Individual Markets | Employer Markets | Lincoln |
Other |
Total | |||||||||||||||||
(in millions) |
Annuities | Life Insurance |
Retirement Products |
Group Protection |
|||||||||||||||||
DAC and VOBA |
$ | 2,237 | $ | 5,127 | $ | 818 | $ | 111 | $ | 807 | $ | 1 | $ | 9,101 | |||||||
DSI |
225 | | | | | | 225 | ||||||||||||||
Total DAC, VOBA and DSI |
2,462 | 5,127 | 818 | 111 | 807 | 1 | 9,326 | ||||||||||||||
DFEL |
112 | 569 | 22 | | 403 | | 1,106 | ||||||||||||||
Net DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL |
$ | 2,350 | $ | 4,558 | $ | 796 | $ | 111 | $ | 404 | $ | 1 | $ | 8,220 | |||||||
Derivatives
Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal and Guaranteed Income Benefits
The Individual Markets Annuities segment has a hedging strategy designed to mitigate the risk and statement of income volatility caused by changes in the equity markets, interest rates, and volatility associated with the Lincoln Smart SecuritySM Advantage GMWB feature and, beginning in the fourth quarter of 2006, our i4LIFE® Advantage GIB feature that is available in our variable annuity products. In the second quarter of 2007, we also began hedging our 4LATER® Advantage GIB feature available in our variable annuity products. The hedging strategy is designed such that changes in the value of the hedge contracts move in the opposite direction of changes in the value of the embedded derivative of the GMWB and GIB features. This dynamic hedging strategy utilizes U.S.-based and international equity futures and options as well as interest rate futures and swaps. The notional amounts of the underlying hedge instruments are such that the magnitude of the change in the value of the hedge instruments due to changes in equity markets, interest rates, and implied volatilities is designed to offset the magnitude of the change in the fair value of the GMWB and GIB guarantees caused by those same factors. At June 30, 2007, the embedded derivatives for GMWB, i4LIFE® Advantage GIB and the 4LATER® Advantage GIB were assets valued at $95 million, $29 million and $1 million, respectively.
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Income Taxes
Management uses certain assumptions and estimates in determining income taxes payable or refundable for the current year, deferred income tax liabilities and assets for events recognized differently in its financial statements and income tax returns, and federal income tax expense. Determining these amounts requires analysis of certain transactions and interpretation of tax laws and regulations. Management exercises considerable judgment in evaluating the amount and timing of recognition of the resulting income tax liabilities and assets. These judgments and estimates are re-evaluated on a continual basis as regulatory and business factors change.
We adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxesan interpretation of FASB Statement 109 ("FIN 48") effective January 1, 2007 and recorded an increase in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits of $15 million in our Consolidated Balance Sheets, offset by a reduction to the beginning balance of retained earnings with no impact on net income. FIN 48 established criteria for recognizing or continuing to recognize only more-likely-than tax positions, which may result in federal income tax expense volatility in future periods. While we believe we have adequately provided for all tax positions, amounts asserted by taxing authorities could be greater than our accrued position. Accordingly, additional provisions on federal and foreign tax-related matters could be recorded in the future as revised estimates are made or the underlying matters are settled or otherwise resolved. For a detailed discussion of FIN 48, see Note 2 and Note 4 of our consolidated financial statements.
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RESULTS OF CONSOLIDATED OPERATIONS
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Change |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
Change |
|||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||||||||
Insurance premiums |
$ | 489 | $ | 454 | 8 | % | $ | 948 | $ | 533 | 78 | % | ||||||||||
Insurance fees |
758 | 692 | 10 | % | 1,537 | 1,167 | 32 | % | ||||||||||||||
Investment advisory fees |
93 | 81 | 15 | % | 183 | 159 | 15 | % | ||||||||||||||
Communications revenue (net) |
57 | 58 | -2 | % | 125 | 58 | 116 | % | ||||||||||||||
Net investment income |
1,170 | 1,068 | 10 | % | 2,259 | 1,747 | 29 | % | ||||||||||||||
Amortization of deferred gain on indemnity reinsurance |
26 | 19 | 37 | % | 45 | 38 | 18 | % | ||||||||||||||
Other revenues and fees |
152 | 129 | 18 | % | 292 | 221 | 32 | % | ||||||||||||||
Realized gain (loss) |
(5 | ) | (5 | ) | | 22 | (6 | ) | NM | |||||||||||||
Total revenue |
2,740 | 2,496 | 10 | % | 5,411 | 3,917 | 38 | % | ||||||||||||||
Benefits |
1,287 | 1,179 | 9 | % | 2,481 | 1,760 | 41 | % | ||||||||||||||
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses |
815 | 717 | 14 | % | 1,620 | 1,220 | 33 | % | ||||||||||||||
Communications expenses |
31 | 30 | 3 | % | 72 | 30 | 140 | % | ||||||||||||||
Interest and debt expenses |
73 | 65 | 12 | % | 134 | 87 | 54 | % | ||||||||||||||
Total benefits and expenses |
2,206 | 1,991 | 11 | % | 4,307 | 3,097 | 39 | % | ||||||||||||||
Income before taxes |
534 | 505 | 6 | % | 1,104 | 820 | 35 | % | ||||||||||||||
Federal income taxes |
158 | 156 | 1 | % | 332 | 250 | 33 | % | ||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 376 | $ | 349 | 8 | % | $ | 772 | $ | 570 | 35 | % | ||||||||||
Items included in net income (after-tax): |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Realized gain (loss) on investments and derivative instruments |
$ | (5 | ) | $ | (3 | ) | $ | 12 | $ | (8 | ) | |||||||||||
Net gain on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities |
2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges |
(4 | ) | (6 | ) | (7 | ) | (6 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Reserve development, net of related amortization on business sold through indemnity reinsurance |
(8 | ) | | (8 | ) | |
The table below provides a detailed comparison of items included within net realized investment gains (losses).
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Change |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
Change |
|||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||||||||
Realized gains on investments |
$ | 38 | $ | 41 | -7 | % | $ | 104 | $ | 66 | 58 | % | ||||||||||
Realized losses on investments |
(49 | ) | (28 | ) | -75 | % | (68 | ) | (48 | ) | -42 | % | ||||||||||
Realized gain on derivative instruments |
4 | | NM | 4 | 4 | | ||||||||||||||||
Amounts amortized to balance sheet accounts |
(2 | ) | (19 | ) | 89 | % | (20 | ) | (30 | ) | 33 | % | ||||||||||
Gain on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities |
4 | 2 | 100 | % | 4 | 8 | -50 | % | ||||||||||||||
Investment expenses |
| (1 | ) | 100 | % | (2 | ) | (6 | ) | 67 | % | |||||||||||
Net gains (losses) on investments and derivative instruments |
$ | (5 | ) | $ | (5 | ) | NM | $ | 22 | $ | (6 | ) | NM | |||||||||
Write-downs for other-than-temporary impairments included in realized losses on investments above |
$ | (30 | ) | $ | (2 | ) | NM | $ | (34 | ) | $ | (3 | ) | NM |
28
Following are deposits and net flows by business segment. For additional detail of deposit and net flow information, see the discussion in Results of Operations by Segment below.
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Change |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
Change |
|||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deposits | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Individual Markets: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Annuities |
$ | 3,277 | $ | 2,739 | 20 | % | $ | 6,098 | $ | 4,874 | 25 | % | ||||||||||
Life Insurance |
1,005 | 1,024 | -2 | % | 2,044 | 1,511 | 35 | % | ||||||||||||||
Employer Markets: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement ProductsDefined Contributions |
1,274 | 1,159 | 10 | % | 2,760 | 2,400 | 15 | % | ||||||||||||||
Retirement ProductsExecutive Benefits |
79 | 77 | 3 | % | 144 | 124 | 16 | % | ||||||||||||||
Investment Management |
6,149 | 6,047 | 2 | % | 12,184 | 15,111 | -19 | % | ||||||||||||||
Consolidating adjustments (1) |
(1,078 | ) | (1,139 | ) | 5 | % | (1,988 | ) | (1,877 | ) | -6 | % | ||||||||||
Total Deposits |
$ | 10,706 | $ | 9,907 | 8 | % | $ | 21,242 | $ | 22,143 | -4 | % | ||||||||||
Net Flows | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Individual Markets: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Annuities |
$ | 1,138 | $ | 699 | 63 | % | $ | 1,893 | $ | 1,468 | 29 | % | ||||||||||
Life Insurance |
586 | 548 | 7 | % | 1,284 | 805 | 60 | % | ||||||||||||||
Employer Markets: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement ProductsDefined Contributions |
74 | 114 | -35 | % | 295 | 295 | | |||||||||||||||
Retirement ProductsExecutive Benefits |
26 | 35 | -26 | % | (49 | ) | 75 | NM | ||||||||||||||
Investment Management |
(425 | ) | 1,009 | NM | (513 | ) | 5,906 | NM | ||||||||||||||
Consolidating adjustments (1) |
303 | (56 | ) | NM | 346 | (12 | ) | NM | ||||||||||||||
Total Net Flows |
$ | 1,702 | $ | 2,349 | -28 | % | $ | 3,256 | $ | 8,537 | -62 | % | ||||||||||
As of June 30, | As of December 31, 2006 |
Change Over Prior Year |
Change Over Prior Quarter |
||||||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||||
Assets Under Management by Advisor (2) | |||||||||||||||
Investment Management: |
|||||||||||||||
External Assets |
$ | 97,725 | $ | 85,926 | $ | 97,306 | 14 | % | 0 | % | |||||
Insurance-related Assets |
66,423 | 65,637 | 67,067 | 1 | % | -1 | % | ||||||||
Lincoln UK |
10,536 | 9,171 | 10,108 | 15 | % | 4 | % | ||||||||
Within Business Units (policy loans) |
2,787 | 2,716 | 2,760 | 3 | % | 1 | % | ||||||||
By Non-LNC Entities |
67,592 | 49,045 | 56,282 | 38 | % | 20 | % | ||||||||
$ | 245,063 | $ | 212,495 | $ | 233,523 | 15 | % | 5 | % | ||||||
(1) |
Consolidating adjustments represent the elimination of deposits and net flows on products affecting more than one segment. |
(2) |
Assets under management by advisor provides a breakdown of assets that we manage or administer either directly or through unaffiliated third parties. These assets represent our investments, assets held in separate accounts and assets that we manage or administer for individuals or other companies. We earn insurance fees, investment advisory fees or investment income on these assets. |
NM - Not Meaningful
29
Comparison of the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2007 to 2006
Net income increased $27 million, or 8%, and $202 million, or 35%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same periods in 2006. The increase in net income for the three months ended June 30, 2007 is primarily driven by growth of business in-force, account value growth from favorable equity markets, positive net flows, and favorable investment results. Net income for the six months ended June 30, 2007, primarily reflects the April 2006 merger with Jefferson-Pilot and favorable investment results.
Partially offsetting the favorable trends discussed above, in our Individual Markets Life Insurance segment, we corrected account values for certain of our life insurance policies and we modified the accounting for one of our UL products with secondary guarantees related to its product features. See "Individual Markets Life Insurance" below for further discussion. Additionally, accruals for legal expenses and higher incentive compensation expense also negatively impacted the results.
In second quarter 2007, we recognized an $8 million, after-tax increase in reserves (net of related deferred gain amortization) on the personal accident business that was sold to Swiss Re through an indemnity reinsurance transaction in 2001. These reserve changes are excluded from our definition of income from operations. Please refer to the "Reinsurance" section for further discussion.
Revenues
Total revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 was $2.7 billion and $5.4 billion compared to $2.5 billion and $3.9 billion for the same periods in 2006. The increase in insurance premiums for the three months ended June 30, 2007, primarily reflects organic growth in both the non-medical and medical portion of our Employer Markets Group Protection segment, elevated renewal and single premiums, offset partly by lower first year premiums. The increase in insurance fees and investment advisory fees for the three months ended June 30, 2007 reflects growth in assets under management, positive net flows, and the effects of favorable equity market performance, partially offset by the impact of the correction to account values and modification of the accounting within the Individual Markets Life Insurance segment noted above. The increase in insurance fees was primarily driven by favorable expense assessments earned on our individual variable annuities. Higher expense assessments from individual variable annuities resulted from higher average daily variable account values for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same period in 2006, resulting from favorable equity markets and sales growth. Average daily variable account values for the Individual Markets Annuity segment increased 30% and 26% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same periods in 2006. This growth in insurance fee revenue was partially offset by the adjustments discussed above that reduced insurance fees by $41 million, pre-DAC, and pre-tax in the second quarter of 2007. The increase in insurance premiums and fees for the six months ended June 30, 2007 primarily reflects the April 2006 merger with Jefferson-Pilot, 15% growth in assets under management, positive net flows, and the impact of favorable equity market performance on our variable account values partially offset by the adjustments described above. Excluding the impact of dividends, the S&P 500 Index® at June 30, 2007 was 18.4% higher than at June 30, 2006 and the average daily S&P 500 Index® for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 was 16.8% and 13.9% higher than the comparable 2006 periods. Partially offsetting these increases were DFEL retrospective unlockings, which reduced insurance fees for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 by $7 million pre-tax ($5 million after-tax) and $10 million pre-tax ($6 million after-tax) for the Individual Markets Life Insurance segment, primarily due to favorable investment results and favorable persistency.
Net investment income increased $102 million, or 10%, and $512 million, or 29% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same periods in 2006. The increase in net investment income for the three months ended June 30, 2007 is primarily the result of in-force growth, better than expected investment income from higher commercial mortgage loan prepayments and bond makewhole premiums, increased investment income from alternative investments, and a $51 million increase in the change in the market value of S&P 500 Index® call options used to hedge our indexed annuity product. Investment income from alternative investments, primarily related to limited partnership investments in the current quarter, increased $51 million, pre-DAC, pre-tax in the three months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same period in 2006. See Consolidated Investments Limited Partnership Investments below for additional information. The increase in net investment income for the six months ended June 30, 2007 primarily reflects the addition of Jefferson-Pilot investment assets, higher portfolio yields, higher alternative investment income, a $24 million increase in the change in the market value of S&P Index® call options used to hedge our indexed annuity product and higher invested assets due to the favorable effect of asset growth from net flows. Investment income from alternative investments, increased $58 million, pre-DAC, pre-tax in the six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same period in 2006 due to favorable performance in limited partnership investments. Negative fixed annuity net flows partially offset growth in our indexed and variable annuity net flows for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 as higher withdrawals were driven by the expiration of multi-year crediting rate guarantees on certain products we sold three to five years ago.
30
Included in revenues were net realized losses on investments of $5 million and gains of $22 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to losses of $5 million and $6 million for the comparable 2006 periods. See Consolidated Investments below for additional information on our investment performance.
Benefits and Expenses
Consolidated benefits increased $108 million, or 9%, and $721 million, or 41% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same periods in 2006. The increase in benefits for the three months ended June 30, 2007 is primarily due to growth of business in-force, a $47 million increase in the change in the indexed annuity options mark-to-market adjustment partially offset by a favorable increase in the change in the fair value of the SFAS 133 forward-starting option liability related to our indexed annuity contracts of $12 million, less favorable Employer Market Group Protection segment loss ratio experience than that realized in the second quarter of 2006 and interest credited on the secured limited recourse notes issued in December 2006 and April 2007. For additional detail on the secured limited recourse notes see Consolidated Investments Credit-Linked Notes below. The increase in benefits for the six months ended June 30, 2007 is primarily driven by the merger with Jefferson-Pilot. In the second quarter 2007, we recognized a $20 million reserve increase on the personal accident business that was sold to Swiss Re through an indemnity transaction in 2001. For more information on the secured limited recourse notes see Note 6 to our consolidated financial statements. Higher benefits related to growth in our business were partially offset by the effect of spread management through lower crediting rates on interest sensitive business; the lower interest credited from lower fixed annuity account values resulting from net outflows on fixed annuities and movements from fixed to variable annuity products.
Consolidated underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses for the second quarter and first six months increased $98 million, or 14%, and $400 million, or 33%, for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2007. Expenses in the second quarter and first six months include $30 million and $44 million of integration costs in 2007 compared to $17 million for both periods in 2006, including restructuring charges that were the result of actions undertaken by us to eliminate duplicate operations and functions as a result of the Jefferson-Pilot merger. These actions will be ongoing and are expected to be substantially complete by late 2008, with a total estimated cost of approximately $180 million pre-tax (original cost estimates exclude amounts capitalized, recorded to goodwill and internal costs). Incentive compensation expenses were $34 million, pre-DAC, pre-tax higher in the second quarter and first six months of 2007 compared to the same periods of 2006 as a result of actual performance exceeding our expectations. In the second quarter and first six months of 2007, broker-dealer commissions and expenses increased $14 million and $54 million as a result of higher sales and the impact of the merger on the first six months comparison. A $9 million increase in legal expenses and $5 million of expenses related to the launch of a new closed-end mutual fund also contributed to an increase in expenses in the second quarter and first six months of 2007. Partially offsetting the increase in consolidated expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 is the one-time curtailment gain of $9 million ($6 million after-tax) we recorded in the second quarter of 2007 related to a change in our employee benefit plans that will go into effect on January 1, 2008. The remainder of the increase in expenses is attributable to higher taxes, licenses and fees and an increase in DAC and VOBA amortization, which is discussed below. For additional information on the change in our employee benefit plans, see Other Operations and Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements.
DAC and VOBA amortization, which is included within underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses, increased $22 million and $139 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, with the year-to-date increase primarily driven by the merger with Jefferson-Pilot. In addition to continued growth in our insurance and annuity blocks, the change in DAC and VOBA amortization was impacted by several other items. The adoption of SOP 05-1 on January 1, 2007 resulted in a $4 million pre-tax ($2 million after-tax) and $10 million pre-tax ($6 million after-tax), increase for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 to DAC and VOBA amortization. The adjustments discussed above, reduced DAC amortization by $23 million, pre-tax in the second quarter of 2007. Additionally, DAC and VOBA amortization for the six months ended June 30, 2007 for the Individual Markets Life Insurance segment was increased by $10 million ($6 million after-tax) related to adjustments to the opening balance sheet of Jefferson-Pilot finalized in the first quarter of 2007 and was reduced for the adjustments in the second quarter of 2007 referred to above. Retrospective unlockings favorably impacted DAC and VOBA amortization for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 by $21 million pre-tax ($14 million after-tax) and $32 million pre-tax ($21 million after-tax) for the Individual Markets Life Insurance segment, primarily due to favorable investment results and favorable persistency.
For additional information on restructuring charges, see Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements.
31
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS BY SEGMENT
Following is a reconciliation of our revenue and our income from operations to our consolidated revenue and net income:
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||
Revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Segment operating revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Individual Markets: |
||||||||||||||||
Annuities |
$ | 675 | $ | 552 | $ | 1,281 | $ | 927 | ||||||||
Life Insurance |
957 | 901 | 1,929 | 1,402 | ||||||||||||
Total Individual Markets |
1,632 | 1,453 | 3,210 | 2,329 | ||||||||||||
Employer Markets: |
||||||||||||||||
Retirement Products |
367 | 350 | 726 | 656 | ||||||||||||
Group Protection |
391 | 355 | 751 | 355 | ||||||||||||
Total Employer Markets |
758 | 705 | 1,477 | 1,011 | ||||||||||||
Investment Management (1) |
151 | 135 | 301 | 274 | ||||||||||||
Lincoln UK |
93 | 81 | 183 | 151 | ||||||||||||
Lincoln Financial Media (2) |
57 | 58 | 125 | 58 | ||||||||||||
Other Operations |
80 | 98 | 154 | 157 | ||||||||||||
Consolidating adjustments |
(34 | ) | (29 | ) | (69 | ) | (57 | ) | ||||||||
Net realized investment results (3) |
(5 | ) | (5 | ) | 22 | (6 | ) | |||||||||
Amortization of deferred gain on indemnity reinsurance |
8 | | 8 | | ||||||||||||
Total revenue |
$ | 2,740 | $ | 2,496 | $ | 5,411 | $ | 3,917 | ||||||||
Net Income |
||||||||||||||||
Segment operating income |
||||||||||||||||
Individual Markets: |
||||||||||||||||
Annuities |
$ | 130 | $ | 89 | $ | 251 | $ | 155 | ||||||||
Life Insurance |
176 | 147 | 343 | 216 | ||||||||||||
Total Individual Markets |
306 | 236 | 594 | 371 | ||||||||||||
Employer Markets: |
||||||||||||||||
Retirement Products |
61 | 70 | 125 | 131 | ||||||||||||
Group Protection |
29 | 37 | 52 | 37 | ||||||||||||
Total Employer Markets |
90 | 107 | 177 | 168 | ||||||||||||
Investment Management |
11 | 12 | 28 | 27 | ||||||||||||
Lincoln UK |
12 | 10 | 23 | 21 | ||||||||||||
Lincoln Financial Media |
14 | 12 | 26 | 12 | ||||||||||||
Other Operations |
(46 | ) | (26 | ) | (83 | ) | (26 | ) | ||||||||
Net realized investment results (4) |
(3 | ) | (2 | ) | 15 | (3 | ) | |||||||||
Reserve development, net of related amortization on business sold through indemnity reinsurance |
(8 | ) | | (8 | ) | | ||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 376 | $ | 349 | $ | 772 | $ | 570 | ||||||||
(1) |
Revenues for the Investment Management segment include inter-segment revenues for asset management services provided to our other segments. These inter-segment revenues totaled $20 million and $24 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and $44 million and $49 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. |
(2) |
Lincoln Financial Media revenues are net of $9 million of commissions paid to agencies for both the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, and $17 million and $9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. |
32
(3) |
Includes realized losses on investments of $13 million and $7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively; realized gains on derivative instruments of $4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007; and gains on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities of $4 million and $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Includes realized gains (losses) on investments of $14 million and $(18) million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively; realized gains on derivative instruments of $4 million for both the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006; and gains on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities of $4 million and $8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. |
(4) |
Includes realized losses on investments of $7 million and $3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively; realized gains on derivative instruments of $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007; and gains on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities of $2 million and $1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Includes realized gains (losses) on investments of $10 million and $(10) million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively; realized gains on derivative instruments of $3 million and $2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively; and gains on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities of $2 million and $5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. |
RESULTS OF INDIVIDUAL MARKETS
The Individual Markets business provides its products through two segmentsIndividual Annuities and Individual Life Insurance. Through its Individual Annuities segment, Individual Markets provides tax-deferred investment growth and lifetime income opportunities for its clients by offering individual fixed annuities, including indexed annuities, and variable annuities. The Individual Life Insurance segment offers wealth protection and transfer opportunities through term insurance, a linked-benefit product, which is a universal life insurance policy linked with riders that provide for long-term care costs, and both single and survivorship versions of universal life and variable universal life.
For factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in this section, see Part I Item 1 Risk Factors in our 2006 Form 10-K and Forward-looking Statements Cautionary Language in this report.
Individual Markets Annuities
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||||
Operating Summary (in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | ||||||||||||
Operating Revenues |
||||||||||||||||||
Insurance premiums |
$ | 17 | $ | 15 | 13 | % | $ | 29 | $ | 24 | 21 | % | ||||||
Insurance fees |
260 | 192 | 35 | % | 496 | 367 | 35 | % | ||||||||||
Net investment income |
302 | 263 | 15 | % | 569 | 411 | 38 | % | ||||||||||
Other revenues and fees |
96 | 82 | 17 | % | 187 | 125 | 50 | % | ||||||||||
Total operating revenues |
675 | 552 | 22 | % | 1,281 | 927 | 38 | % | ||||||||||
Operating Expenses |
||||||||||||||||||
Insurance benefits |
222 | 214 | 4 | % | 410 | 330 | 24 | % | ||||||||||
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses |
278 | 217 | 28 | % | 535 | 389 | 38 | % | ||||||||||
Total operating expenses |
500 | 431 | 16 | % | 945 | 719 | 31 | % | ||||||||||
Income from operations before taxes |
175 | 121 | 45 | % | 336 | 208 | 62 | % | ||||||||||
Federal income taxes |
45 | 32 | 41 | % | 85 | 53 | 60 | % | ||||||||||
Income from operations |
$ | 130 | $ | 89 | 46 | % | $ | 251 | $ | 155 | 62 | % | ||||||
33
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net Flows (in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | ||||||||||||||||
Variable portion of variable annuity deposits |
$ | 2,295 | $ | 1,867 | 23 | % | $ | 4,295 | $ | 3,532 | 22 | % | ||||||||||
Variable portion of variable annuity withdrawals |
(1,247 | ) | (1,003 | ) | -24 | % | (2,426 | ) | (1,962 | ) | -24 | % | ||||||||||
Variable portion of variable annuity net flows |
1,048 | 864 | 21 | % | 1,869 | 1,570 | 19 | % | ||||||||||||||
Fixed portion of variable annuity deposits |
662 | 507 | 31 | % | 1,197 | 956 | 25 | % | ||||||||||||||
Fixed portion of variable annuity withdrawals |
(154 | ) | (185 | ) | 17 | % | (305 | ) | (349 | ) | 13 | % | ||||||||||
Fixed portion of variable annuity net flows |
508 | 322 | 58 | % | 892 | 607 | 47 | % | ||||||||||||||
Total variable annuity deposits |
2,957 | 2,374 | 25 | % | 5,492 | 4,488 | 22 | % | ||||||||||||||
Total variable annuity withdrawals |
(1,401 | ) | (1,188 | ) | -18 | % | (2,731 | ) | (2,311 | ) | -18 | % | ||||||||||
Total variable annuity net flows |
1,556 | 1,186 | 31 | % | 2,761 | 2,177 | 27 | % | ||||||||||||||
Indexed annuity deposits |
191 | 228 | -16 | % | 351 | 228 | 54 | % | ||||||||||||||
Indexed annuity withdrawals |
(61 | ) | (47 | ) | -30 | % | (123 | ) | (47 | ) | NM | |||||||||||
Indexed annuity net flows |
130 | 181 | -28 | % | 228 | 181 | 26 | % | ||||||||||||||
Fixed annuity deposits |
129 | 137 | -6 | % | 255 | 158 | 61 | % | ||||||||||||||
Fixed annuity withdrawals |
(677 | ) | (805 | ) | 16 | % | (1,351 | ) | (1,048 | ) | -29 | % | ||||||||||
Fixed annuity net flows |
(548 | ) | (668 | ) | 18 | % | (1,096 | ) | (890 | ) | -23 | % | ||||||||||
Total annuity deposits |
3,277 | 2,739 | 20 | % | 6,098 | 4,874 | 25 | % | ||||||||||||||
Total annuity withdrawals |
(2,139 | ) | (2,040 | ) | -5 | % | (4,205 | ) | (3,406 | ) | -23 | % | ||||||||||
Total annuity net flows |
$ | 1,138 | $ | 699 | 63 | % | $ | 1,893 | $ | 1,468 | 29 | % | ||||||||||
Annuities incremental deposits |
$ | 3,241 | $ | 2,711 | 20 | % | $ | 6,034 | $ | 4,822 | 25 | % | ||||||||||
As of June 30, | |||||||||||
Account Values (in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | Change | ||||||||
Variable annuities |
$ | 55,171 | $ | 41,537 | 33 | % | |||||
Fixed annuities (including indexed annuities) |
17,868 | 19,533 | -9 | % | |||||||
Fixed annuities ceded to reinsurers |
(1,598 | ) | (2,149 | ) | 26 | % | |||||
Total fixed annuities |
16,270 | 17,384 | -6 | % | |||||||
Total annuities |
$ | 71,441 | $ | 58,921 | 21 | % | |||||
Fixed portion of variable annuities |
$ | 3,458 | $ | 4,132 | -16 | % | |||||
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | |||||||||
Average Daily S&P 500 Index® |
1,496.87 | 1,282.01 | 16.8 | % | 1,461.02 | 1,282.49 | 13.9 | % | ||||||
34
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Basis Points Change |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
Basis Points Change |
|||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate Spreads |
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income yield on reserves, excluding below items |
5.78 | % | 5.71 | % | 7 | 5.80 | % | 5.72 | % | 8 | ||||||||||||
Default charges |
0.00 | % | -0.09 | % | 9 | 0.00 | % | -0.06 | % | 6 | ||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loan prepayment and bond makewhole premiums |
0.08 | % | 0.02 | % | 6 | 0.06 | % | 0.04 | % | 2 | ||||||||||||
Net investment income yield |
5.86 | % | 5.64 | % | 22 | 5.86 | % | 5.70 | % | 16 | ||||||||||||
Interest rate credited to policyholders, excluding below item |
3.74 | % | 3.85 | % | (11 | ) | 3.68 | % | 3.87 | % | (19 | ) | ||||||||||
SFAS 133 forward-starting option |
-0.24 | % | 0.03 | % | (27 | ) | -0.07 | % | 0.02 | % | (9 | ) | ||||||||||
Interest rate credited to policyholders |
3.50 | % | 3.88 | % | (38 | ) | 3.61 | % | 3.89 | % | (28 | ) | ||||||||||
Interest rate spread |
2.36 | % | 1.76 | % | 60 | 2.25 | % | 1.81 | % | 44 | ||||||||||||
Average fixed annuity account values (in millions) |
$ | 17,548 | $ | 19,200 | $ | 17,697 | $ | 14,500 |
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | ||||||||||||
Average Daily Variable Account Values |
$ | 53,465 | $ | 41,214 | 30 | % | $ | 51,327 | $ | 40,580 | 26 | % | ||||||
Comparison of the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2007 to 2006
Income from operations for this segment increased $41 million, or 46%, and $96 million or 62% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006, respectively. The increase is due primarily to growth in account values from positive net flows, higher investment income on surplus and favorable equity markets partially offset by higher incentive compensation and broker-dealer expenses for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, in addition to the impact of the merger with Jefferson-Pilot for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The adoption of SOP 05-1 on January 1, 2007, resulted in a cumulative effect reduction of $28 million in the segments DAC and VOBA balances. The adoption of SOP 05-1 also increased DAC and VOBA amortization by $2 million and $5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006. The impact is expected to be approximately $3 million, pre-tax, for the remainder of 2007.
Revenues
Insurance fees increased 35% for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006. The increases were due to increases in average daily variable annuity account values, which increased 30% and 26% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, and an increase in average expense assessment rates. The increase in expense assessment rates is driven primarily by an increase in account values with elective riders for guarantees that we offer such as GMDB, GMWB and GIB which have additional expense assessment charges associated with them. The increase in account values reflects cumulative positive net flows and improvement in the equity markets between periods.
New deposits are an important component of our effort to grow the annuity business. Although deposits do not significantly impact current period income from operations, they are an important indicator of future profitability. In the past several years, we have concentrated our efforts on both product and distribution breadth. Annuity deposits increased 20% and 25% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006, primarily due to growth in the variable annuity business. Indexed annuity deposits for the six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same period in 2006 increased $123 million, due to six months of activity being included in net flows in 2007 compared to only three months of activity included in net flows in 2006, as this product was added to our product portfolio as a result of the merger with Jefferson-Pilot.
The growth in individual variable annuity deposits was primarily a result of continued strong sales of products with the Lincoln SmartSecuritySM Advantage and i4Life® Advantage elective riders and the expansion of the wholesaling force in LFD. Variable annuity gross deposits in our Lincoln ChoicePlusSM and American Legacy products were up 25% and 22% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006.
35
The other component of net flows relates to the retention of the business. One of the key assumptions in pricing a product is the account persistency, which we refer to as the lapse rate. The lapse rate compares the amount of withdrawals to the retained account values. One way to measure a companys success in retaining assets is to look at the overall level of withdrawals from period to period. Additionally, by comparing actual lapse rates to the rates assumed in designing the annuity product, it is possible to gauge the impact of persistency on profitability. Overall lapse rates for the six months ended June 30, 2007 were 10.3% compared to 10.8% for the same period in 2006. See the discussion below for the drivers of our elevated lapse rates.
Our lapse rates have been impacted by multi-year guarantee fixed annuity products, which have fixed credited rates for a defined guarantee period before resetting to new rates. Our Step Five Fixed Annuity products have a 60-day window period following each five-year fixed guarantee period during which there is no surrender charge and where crediting rates are reset at the beginning of the window period. Account values for these products were $1.7 billion at June 30, 2007, with approximately $0.4 billion of account values entering the window period throughout the remainder of 2007. Amounts entering window periods after 2007 are not significant. Through June 30, 2007, approximately $0.3 billion of account values entered the window period. Based on our emerging experience with this block of business, we expect lapse rates of approximately 50% on the Step Five Fixed Annuity products. The after-DAC, after-tax effect to the earnings of the segment is mitigated in part by a 50% coinsurance arrangement on 88% of the account values. See Reinsurance for additional information on this arrangement. Account values for our other multi-year guaranteed products were $1.7 billion at June 30, 2007, with approximately $0.1 billion of the account value entering the window period throughout the remainder of 2007. During the first six months of 2007, approximately $236 million of these multi-year guarantee products reset with approximately 61% lapsing where the holder did not select another of our products. As multi-year guarantees expire, policyholders have the opportunity to renew their annuities at rates in effect at that time.
Net investment income increased $39 million, or 15%, and $158 million, or 38%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same periods in 2006. Overall growth in net investment income has been constrained due primarily to lower average fixed annuity account values and net outflows. The increase in net investment income for the three months ended June 30, 2007 is primarily due to changes in the market value of S&P 500 Index® call options that we use to hedge our indexed annuity products and higher investment income on surplus. The mark-to-market adjustment on S&P 500 Index® call options impacted net investment income by increases of $37 million and $38 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 and by a decrease of $14 million for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2006. This change in the call option market value largely offsets the change in interest credited (included within insurance benefits expense) caused by fluctuations in the value of our indexed annuity contract liabilities, discussed further below within the discussion of benefits expense. These impacts of the indexed annuity hedge program, related to both net investment income and interest credited, are excluded from our spread calculations. Net investment income on surplus increased $9 million pre-DAC, pre-tax in the second quarter of 2007 compared to the same period in 2006 as a result of better than expected results from alternative investments. Net investment income for the three months and six months ended June 30 also included (pre-DAC and pre-tax) $3 million and $5 million in 2007 and $1 million and $3 million in 2006 related to commercial mortgage loan prepayment and bond makewhole premiums. Additionally, net investment income in the second quarter of 2006 was reduced by $4 million ($1 million after-DAC, after-tax) for internal default charges before the methodology was discontinued in the third quarter of 2006. See "Other Operations" below for additional information. The increase in net investment income for the six months ended June 30, 2007 is primarily due to the increase in fixed account values which were acquired in the Jefferson-Pilot merger, the impact of the changes in market value of S&P Index® call options used to hedge our indexed annuity product and higher investment income on surplus.
When analyzing the impact of net investment income, it is important to understand that a portion of the investment income earned is credited to the policyholders of our fixed annuity products. The annuity product interest rate spread represents the excess of the yield on earning assets over the average crediting rate. We exclude the impact of investment income from statutory surplus investment portfolios from our spread calculations. The yield on earning assets is calculated as net investment income on fixed product investment portfolios divided by average earning assets. The average crediting rate is calculated using interest credited on annuity products less the mark-to-market adjustment on the indexed annuity business, bonus credits and excess interest on policies with the dollar cost averaging feature, divided by the average fixed account values net of coinsured account values. For further explanation of interest credited to policyholders see Benefits and Expenses below.
The interest rate spread table above summarizes the effect of changes in the portfolio yield and the rate credited to policyholders, as well as certain significant items causing volatility in the periods presented. In addition to the significant items identified, the interest spreads for this segment have improved primarily due to an increase in earned rates on invested assets, a reduction in average crediting rates year over year driven by the lapses of higher rate multi-year products as described above, and the 5 basis point increase attributable to the opening balance sheet adjustment, discussed below.
We expect to manage the effect of spreads for near-term operating income through a combination of rate actions and portfolio management. Our expectation includes the assumption that there are no significant changes in net flows in or out of our fixed accounts or other changes that may cause interest rate spreads to differ from our expectation. For information on interest rate spreads and the interest rate risk due to falling interest rates, see Item 3Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk of this Form 10-Q.
36
Benefits and Expenses
Insurance benefits include interest credited to policyholders of $188 million and $352 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, and $173 million and $269 million for the same periods in 2006. The mark-to-market adjustment related to our indexed annuity liabilities increased interest credited for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, by $34 million and $33 million and decreased interest credited by $13 million for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2006. Fixed account values reinsured under modified coinsurance agreements are included in account values for this calculation. Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133 Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (SFAS 133) requires that we calculate the fair values of index call options we may purchase in the future to hedge policyholder index allocations applicable to future reset periods, which we refer to as the SFAS 133 forward-starting option liability. This liability represents an estimate of the cost of the options we may purchase in the future less expected charges to policyholders, discounted back to the date of the balance sheet, using current market indicators of volatility and interest rates. Changes in the fair values of this liability result in volatility in interest credited. Interest credited decreased $10 million and $6 million pre-DAC, pre-tax for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 and increased by $1 million, pre-DAC, pre-tax for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 related to changes in the SFAS 133 forward-starting option liability. The interest rate assumption used in discounting this liability within the fair value calculation is the primary driver of the change in value. Interest credited to policyholder balances increased for the three months ended June 30, 2007 due to an increase in the indexed annuity liability mark-to-market adjustment partially offset by a favorable change in the SFAS 133 forward-starting option liability and the impact of lapsation of products with higher crediting rates. Interest credited to policyholder balances increased for the six months ended June 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006 as a result of the Jefferson-Pilot merger, partially offset by lower average fixed account values and lower average crediting rates. Interest credited for the first six months of 2007 was also reduced by $4 million ($3 million after-tax) related to adjustments to the opening balance sheet of Jefferson-Pilot finalized in the first quarter of 2007. These adjustments increased our interest rate spread by 5 basis points in the first six months of 2007. See the table above for the interest rate credited to policyholders.
Our fixed annuity business includes products with crediting rates that are reset on an annual basis and are not subject to surrender charges. Account values for these products were $3.6 billion at June 30, 2007 with 33% already at their minimum guaranteed rates. The average crediting rates for these products were approximately 44 basis points in excess of average minimum guaranteed rates. Our ability to retain the multi-year guarantee and annual reset annuities will be subject to current competitive conditions at the time interest rates for these products reset.
Also included in insurance benefits are the costs associated with guaranteed benefits included within variable annuities with the GMDB, GMWB or GIB riders. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, favorable market conditions resulted in decreased insurance benefits for the GMDB, GMWB and GIB riders, which were offset by unfavorable hedge results compared to 2006. The effect of changes in net reserve and benefit payments and results of the hedge program attributable to these guaranteed benefits was such that benefits and expenses decreased $11 million ($4 million after-DAC, after-tax) for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and decreased $14 million ($5 million after-DAC, after-tax) for the six months ended June 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006.
At June 30, 2007, the segments net amount at risk (NAR) related to contracts with a GMDB feature was $0.2 billion. The related GAAP and statutory reserves were $25 million and $40 million, respectively. The comparable amounts at December 31, 2006, were a NAR of $0.3 billion, GAAP reserves of $23 million and statutory reserves of $42 million. At any point in time, the NAR is the difference between the potential death benefit payable and the total account value, with a floor of zero (when account values exceed the potential death benefit there is no amount at risk). Accordingly, the NAR represents the maximum amount we would have to pay if all policyholders died. In evaluating the GMDB exposures that exist within our variable annuity business relative to industry peers, it is important to distinguish between the various types of GMDB features, and consider other factors such as average account values, average amounts of NAR, and the age of contractholders. The following table and discussion provides this information for our variable annuity business as of June 30, 2007:
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Type of GMDB Feature | ||||||||||||||||||||
Return of Premium |
High Water Mark |
Roll-up | No GMDB | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Variable Annuity Account Value (billions) |
$ | 28.0 | $ | 24.8 | $ | 0.4 | $ | 5.4 | $ | 58.6 | ||||||||||
% of Total Annuity Account Value |
47.8 | % | 42.3 | % | 0.7 | % | 9.2 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||
Average Account Value (thousands) |
$ | 116.8 | $ | 115.6 | $ | 86.5 | $ | 81.6 | $ | 111.7 | ||||||||||
Average NAR (thousands) |
5.3 | 7.2 | 11.8 | N/A | 7.1 | |||||||||||||||
NAR (billions) |
| 0.2 | | | 0.2 | |||||||||||||||
Average Age of Contract Holder |
65 | 64 | 67 | 63 | 64 | |||||||||||||||
% of Contract Holders > 70 Years of Age |
15.2 | % | 31.3 | % | 42.4 | % | 32.2 | % | 20.7 | % |
We have variable annuity contracts containing GMDBs that have a dollar-for-dollar withdrawal feature. Under such a feature, withdrawals reduce both current account value and the GMDB amount on a dollar-for-dollar basis. For contracts containing this dollar-for-dollar feature, the account holder could withdraw a substantial portion of their account value resulting in a GMDB that is multiples of the current account value. Our exposure to this dollar-for-dollar risk is somewhat mitigated by the fact that we do not allow for partial 1035 exchanges on non-qualified contracts. To take advantage of the dollar-for-dollar feature, the contractholder must take constructive receipt of the withdrawal and pay any applicable surrender charges. We report the appropriate amount of the withdrawal that is taxable to the Internal Revenue Service, as well as indicating whether or not tax penalties apply under the premature distribution tax rules. We closely monitor the dollar-for-dollar withdrawal GMDB exposure. Beginning in 2003, the GMDB feature offered on new contract sales is a pro-rata GMDB feature whereby each dollar of withdrawal reduces the GMDB benefit in proportion to the current GMDB to account value ratio. As of June 30, 2007, there were 796 contracts for which the death benefit to account value ratio was greater than ten to one. The NAR on these contracts was $51 million.
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses increased $61 million, or 28%, and $146 million, or 38%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same periods in 2006. The increases for both periods were driven primarily by account value growth from sales and favorable equity markets, which resulted in higher commission expenses, net of deferrals and higher DAC amortization. DAC and VOBA amortization increased $35 million and $66 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same periods in 2006. Broker-dealer commissions and operating expenses increased $14 million and $54 million in the second quarter and first six months of 2007 as a result of higher sales. Higher incentive compensation expenses due to favorable performance also contributed to the increase in expenses for the three and six month periods of 2007. The merger with Jefferson-Pilot also contributed to the increase for the six months ended June 30, 2007. Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses for six months ended June 30, 2007 were increased by $2 million ($1 million after-tax) related to adjustments to the opening balance sheet of Jefferson-Pilot finalized in the first quarter of 2007.
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Individual Markets Life Insurance
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||||
Operating Summary (in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | ||||||||||||
Operating Revenues |
||||||||||||||||||
Insurance premiums |
$ | 88 | $ | 90 | -2 | % | $ | 176 | $ | 141 | 25 | % | ||||||
Insurance fees |
368 | 386 | -5 | % | 787 | 586 | 34 | % | ||||||||||
Net investment income |
493 | 416 | 19 | % | 947 | 655 | 45 | % | ||||||||||
Other revenues and fees |
8 | 9 | -11 | % | 19 | 20 | -5 | % | ||||||||||
Total operating revenues |
957 | 901 | 6 | % | 1,929 | 1,402 | 38 | % | ||||||||||
Operating Expenses |
||||||||||||||||||
Insurance benefits |
517 | 497 | 4 | % | 1,015 | 760 | 34 | % | ||||||||||
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses |
171 | 183 | -7 | % | 392 | 316 | 24 | % | ||||||||||
Total operating expenses |
688 | 680 | 1 | % | 1,407 | 1,076 | 31 | % | ||||||||||
Income from operations before taxes |
269 | 221 | 22 | % | 522 | 326 | 60 | % | ||||||||||
Federal income taxes |
93 | 74 | 26 | % | 179 | 110 | 63 | % | ||||||||||
Income from operations |
$ | 176 | $ | 147 | 20 | % | $ | 343 | $ | 216 | 59 | % | ||||||
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Basis Points Change |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
Basis Points Change |
|||||||||||||||
Interest Rate Spreads |
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||||
Interest-Sensitive Products |
||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income yield on reserves, excluding below items |
6.15 | % | 6.16 | % | (1 | ) | 6.14 | % | 6.19 | % | (5 | ) | ||||||
Earnings from alternative investments, such as limited partnerhips |
0.70 | % | 0.02 | % | 68 | 0.42 | % | 0.07 | % | 35 | ||||||||
Default charges |
0.00 | % | -0.08 | % | 8 | 0.00 | % | -0.05 | % | 5 | ||||||||
Commercial mortgage loan prepayment and bond makewhole premiums |
0.14 | % | 0.13 | % | 1 | 0.18 | % | 0.11 | % | 7 | ||||||||
Net investment income yield |
6.99 | % | 6.23 | % | 76 | 6.74 | % | 6.32 | % | 42 | ||||||||
Interest rate credited to policyholders |
4.45 | % | 4.46 | % | (1 | ) | 4.45 | % | 4.51 | % | (6 | ) | ||||||
Interest rate spread |
2.54 | % | 1.77 | % | 77 | 2.29 | % | 1.81 | % | 48 | ||||||||
Traditional Products |
||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income yield on reserves, excluding below items |
6.34 | % | 6.45 | % | (11 | ) | 6.37 | % | 6.50 | % | (13 | ) | ||||||
Commercial mortgage loan prepayment and bond makewhole premiums |
0.14 | % | 0.14 | % | | 0.08 | % | 0.15 | % | (7 | ) | |||||||
Net investment income yield |
6.48 | % | 6.59 | % | (11 | ) | 6.45 | % | 6.65 | % | (20 | ) | ||||||
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Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | ||||||||||||||||
Sales by Product |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Universal Life ("UL") |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Excluding MoneyGuard® |
$ | 145 | $ | 98 | 48 | % | $ | 311 | $ | 139 | 124 | % | ||||||||||
MoneyGuard® |
10 | 7 | 43 | % | 17 | 15 | 13 | % | ||||||||||||||
Total Universal Life |
155 | 105 | 48 | % | 328 | 154 | 113 | % | ||||||||||||||
Variable Universal Life ("VUL") |
17 | 16 | 6 | % | 38 | 26 | 46 | % | ||||||||||||||
Whole Life |
| | NM | | 1 | -100 | % | |||||||||||||||
Term |
8 | 11 | -27 | % | 17 | 19 | -11 | % | ||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 180 | $ | 132 | 36 | % | $ | 383 | $ | 200 | 92 | % | ||||||||||
Net Flows |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposits |
$ | 1,005 | $ | 1,024 | -2 | % | $ | 2,044 | $ | 1,511 | 35 | % | ||||||||||
Withdrawals and Deaths |
(419 | ) | (476 | ) | 12 | % | (760 | ) | (706 | ) | -8 | % | ||||||||||
Net flows |
$ | 586 | $ | 548 | 7 | % | $ | 1,284 | $ | 805 | 60 | % | ||||||||||
Policyholder Assessments |
$ | 586 | $ | 571 | 3 | % | $ | 1,188 | $ | 864 | 38 | % | ||||||||||
As of June 30, | |||||||||
(in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | Change | ||||||
Account Values |
|||||||||
Universal Life |
$ | 22,517 | $ | 21,285 | 6 | % | |||
Variable Universal Life |
4,948 | 4,194 | 18 | % | |||||
Total life insurance account values |
$ | 27,465 | $ | 25,479 | 8 | % | |||
In-Force Face Amount |
|||||||||
Universal Life and Other |
$ | 276,040 | $ | 260,945 | 6 | % | |||
Term Insurance |
236,155 | 229,082 | 3 | % | |||||
Total in-force |
$ | 512,195 | $ | 490,027 | 5 | % | |||
Net Amount at Risk |
|||||||||
Universal Life and Other |
$ | 244,800 | $ | 231,600 | 6 | % | |||
Term Insurance |
234,900 | 228,000 | 3 | % | |||||
Total net amount at risk |
$ | 479,700 | $ | 459,600 | 4 | % | |||
Comparison of the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2007 to 2006
Income from operations for this segment increased $29 million, or 20%, and $127 million, or 59% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006. The increase for the three months ended June 30, 2007 is primarily the result of favorable investment results, growth of business in-force and favorable retrospective net unlockings, partially offset by higher incentive compensation expenses and the impact of adjustments resulting from correcting account values for certain of our life insurance policies and modifying the accounting for certain of our life insurance policies. The increase for the six months ended June 30, 2007 is driven primarily by the merger with Jefferson-Pilot. Excluding the increased operating results from the merger, income from operations during the six months ended June 30, 2007 increased over the same period in 2006 due to favorable investment results, insurance fees and growth of business in-force.
40
Revenues
Revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 increased $56 million, or 6%, and $527 million, or 38%, compared to the same periods in 2006. The increase for the three months ended June 30, 2007 is primarily the result of a $77 million increase in investment income due to continued growth of business in-force, higher commercial mortgage loan prepayments, and bond makewhole premiums and investment income from alternative investments, partially offset by a $41 million reduction in insurance fees, net of DFEL amortization, related to the adjustments noted above. Insurance fees include mortality assessments, expense assessments (net of DFEL deferrals and amortization) and surrender charges. Retrospective DFEL unlockings negatively impacted insurance fees for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 by $7 million pre-tax ($5 million after-tax) and $10 million pre-tax ($6 million after-tax), primarily due to favorable investment results and favorable persistency. Excluding the impact of the $41 million adjustment to insurance fees discussed above, insurance fees for the second quarter of 2007 increased $23 million, or 6%, compared to growth in universal life insurance account values of 6%. The increase for the six months ended June 30, 2007 is primarily due to the inclusion of results from the Jefferson-Pilot companies beginning in April 2006 in addition to the same drivers mentioned above for the three months ended June 30, 2007, partially offset by lower insurance fees related to the adjustments noted above. Revenues for insurance fees for the six months ended June 30, 2007 were reduced by $5 million ($2 million after-DAC, after-tax) primarily related to adjustments to the opening balance sheet of Jefferson-Pilot finalized in the first quarter of 2007. In addition to the effects of the merger and excluding the adjustments noted above, growth in mortality and expense assessments for the six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same period in 2006 is primarily related to higher sales and increased business in-force due to new sales and favorable persistency. The improved persistency results should positively affect future revenues.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006, life insurance in-force grew 5% as a result of new sales, favorable persistency and due to the merger with Jefferson-Pilot for the six month comparison. In-force growth should be considered independently with regard to term products versus permanent products, as term products have a lower profitability in relation to face amount compared to permanent products. Insurance premium revenue relates primarily to whole life and term life insurance products. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, insurance premiums for term insurance increased 4% and 30% compared to the same period in 2006, while insurance premiums for whole life decreased 7% and increased 17%. Excluding the impact of the Jefferson-Pilot companies, insurance premiums for term insurance increased 16% for the six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same period in 2006, while insurance premiums for whole life decreased 7%. For term insurance, gross premiums grew 3% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 from continued growth in the term insurance book of business.
Sales in the table above and as discussed below are reported as follows:
|
UL, VUL, MoneyGuard® 100% of annualized expected target premium plus 5% of paid excess premium, including an adjustment for internal replacements at approximately 50% of target. |
| Whole Life and Term 100% of first year paid premiums. |
Sales are not part of revenues (other than for term products) and do not have a significant impact on current quarter income from operations, but are an indicator of future profitability. Total sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same periods in 2006, increased $48 million and $183 million. The increase for the three months ended June 30, 2007 is primarily the result of strong performance by our wholesaler, Lincoln Financial Distributors, and retailer, Lincoln Financial Network, as well as by third party retail channels. The increase for the six months ended June 30, 2007 is primarily a result of the merger and strong performance by our distributors. We believe that our sales of universal life products include sales with investor-owned life insurance characteristics. We have implemented procedures to identify sales believed to be associated with this type of business in order to prevent investor-owned life insurance policies from being issued. However, accurate identification of these policies can be difficult and we continue to modify our screening procedures. We cannot predict whether or not these sales will ultimately impact our profitability, however, returns on universal life business sold as part of investor-owned designs are believed to be lower than traditional estate planning universal life sales due in part to zero-expected lapses.
UL and VUL products with secondary guarantees represented approximately 28% of permanent life insurance in-force at June 30, 2007 and approximately 68% and 67% of sales for these products during the three and six months ended June 30, 2007. Actuarial Guideline 38 (AXXX) imposes additional reserve requirements for these productsSee Review of Consolidated Financial Condition Sources of Liquidity and Cash Flow Financing Activities for further information on the manner in which we reinsure our AXXX reserves.
Net investment income increased $77 million, or 19%, and $292 million, or 45%, in the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same periods in 2006. The increase for the three months ended June 30, 2007 is primarily the result of growth in investment income due to in-force growth of 5%, higher commercial mortgage loan prepayments and bond makewhole
41
premiums of $1 million and investment income from alternative investments of $38 million. Net investment income for the three months and six months ended June 30 included (pre-DAC and pre-tax) $8 million and $19 million in 2007 and $7 million and $11 million in 2006 related to commercial mortgage loan prepayment and bond makewhole premiums. Additionally, the second quarter benefited from an increase in investment income from alternative investments that was driven primarily by favorable results in limited partnership investments of $39 million ($19 million, after-DAC, after-tax) in 2007 compared to $1 million ($1 million, after-DAC, after-tax) in 2006. Also contributing to the increase in net investment income was a $4 million reduction ($1 million after-DAC, after-tax) attributable to internal default charges in the second quarter of 2006 before the methodology was changed. See "Other Operations" below for additional information. The increase for the six months ended June 30, 2007 is primarily driven by the merger with Jefferson-Pilot. Excluding the effects of the merger, growth in investment income for the six-month period was due to the same drivers mentioned above for the three months ended June 30, 2007. At June 30, 2007, we reduced statutory reserves related to our secondary guarantee universal life products by approximately $200 million which will reduce the amount of future net investment income allocated to this segment by $3 million, pre-tax, per quarter prospectively.
The interest rate spread on interest-sensitive products is the difference between the interest to be credited to policyholder accounts and the interest income we earn on the assets supporting the policyholder accounts. We exclude the impact of investment income from statutory surplus investment portfolios and the impact of earnings from affordable housing tax credit securities, which is reflected in our statement of income as a reduction to income tax expense, from our spread calculations. Traditional products use interest income to build the policy reserves. At June 30, 2007 and 2006, interest sensitive products represented approximately 82% and 81%, respectively, of total invested assets. Interest rate spreads for interest sensitive products increased 77 basis points and 48 basis points in the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same periods in 2006. Excluding the effects of commercial mortgage loan prepayment and bond makewhole premiums and internal default charges, interest rate spreads for interest sensitive products increased 68 basis points and 36 basis points for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006, primarily driven by favorable investment income from alternative investments as discussed above. An increase in investment income in the second quarter of 2007 was also driven by 9% growth in invested assets. Higher AXXX statutory reserve liabilities on universal life policies with secondary guarantees contributed to invested asset growth. The three months and six months ended June 30, 2007 interest rate spread on interest-sensitive products was positively impacted by 1 basis point and 4 basis points due to reduced interest credited attributable to fewer calendar days than in average periods.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, spreads between new money rates and general account yields have narrowed. At the end of the second quarter 2007, new money rates exceeded the portfolio rate by roughly 10 basis points. At June 30, 2007, 54% of interest sensitive account values have crediting rates at contract guaranteed levels, and 37% have crediting rates within 50 basis points of contractual guarantees. We decreased crediting rates 10 basis points effective June 1, 2007 which is expected to increase spreads 5 basis points prospectively. Going forward, we expect to be able to manage the effects of spreads on near-term income from operations through a combination of rate actions and portfolio management. This assumes no significant changes in net flows into or out of our fixed accounts or other changes that may cause interest rate spreads to differ from our expectations. For information on interest rate spreads and the interest rate risk due to falling interest rates, see Item 3Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk of this Form 10-Q.
Benefits and Expenses
Insurance benefits include interest credited to policyholders of $254 million and $506 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 and $241 million and $384 million for the same periods in 2006. The 5% increase in interest credited was driven primarily by growth in universal life account values of 6% for the three months ended June 30, 2007. For the six months ended June 30, 2007, the increase is primarily attributable to the merger, higher interest credited from growth in universal life account values of 6%, partially offset by a reduction of $14 million ($6 million after-DAC, after-tax) related to a correction to the opening balance sheet of Jefferson-Pilot finalized in the first quarter of 2007. Refer to the table above for the interest rate credited to policyholders. On June 1, 2007, we implemented a ten basis point decrease in crediting rates on most interest-sensitive products not already at contractual guarantees. Insurance benefits also includes changes to the SOP 03-1 benefit reserve for our products with secondary guarantees. The reserve increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 by $18 million, pre-DAC, pre-tax for both periods. As a result of the adjustments in the second quarter of 2007 described above, the change in SOP 03-1 benefit reserves increased $3 million and the ongoing impact related to this revision is expected to increase reserves by $3 million per quarter. Insurance benefits in 2006 includes an increase to the SOP 03-1 benefit reserve that resulted from updating long-term assumptions, primarily investment interest rates. The change in assumptions was estimated to result in an increase in reserves in future quarters of approximately $2 million ($1 million after-tax). Death claims for the second quarter of 2007 compared to 2006 decreased $3 million, or 2%.
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses decreased $12 million and increased $76 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same periods in 2006 primarily due to changes in DAC and VOBA amortization. DAC and VOBA amortization decreased $17 million and increased $48 million for the three months and six month periods ended
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June 30, 2007 compared to 2006. The decrease in DAC and VOBA amortization for the three months ended June 30, 2007 is due to an increase in favorable unlocking discussed in the next sentence and a $23 million decrease in amortization resulting from the adjustments noted above. Favorable retrospective DAC and VOBA unlockings for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 were $21 million pre-tax ($14 million after-tax) and $32 million pre-tax ($21 million after-tax) primarily due to favorable investment results and favorable persistency. The increase for the six months ended June 30, 2007 is driven primarily by the merger, partially offset by the favorable DAC and VOBA unlocking and the impact of the adjustments discussed above. DAC and VOBA amortization for the six months ended June 30, 2007 is increased by $10 million ($6 million after-tax) related to adjustments to the opening balance sheet of Jefferson-Pilot finalized in the first quarter of 2007. During the third quarter of 2006, we undertook our annual comprehensive review of the assumptions underlying the amortization of DAC, VOBA and DFEL. The 2006 review also resulted in a negative net prospective unlocking adjustment, primarily reflecting the impact of the increased reserves related to the sale of life insurance products sold with secondary guarantees, partially offset by improved mortality and expense assumptions. The 2006 review also resulted in an increase in the on-going amortization expense of approximately $4 million pre-tax ($2 million after-tax) per quarter starting in the fourth quarter of 2006. Expenses were also impacted by higher incentive compensation expense in the second quarter of 2007 due to favorable performance.
RESULTS OF EMPLOYER MARKETS
The Employer Markets business provides its products through two segments, Retirement Products and Group Protection. The Retirement Products segment operates through two lines of business Defined Contribution, which provides employer-sponsored variable and fixed annuities, mutual-fund based programs in the 401(k), 403(b), and 457 marketplaces; and Executive Benefits, which provides corporate-owned life insurance (COLI) and bank-owned life insurance (BOLI) and contains an Institutional Pension business. The Group Protection segment of Employer Markets offers group life, disability, and dental insurance to employers. For factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in this section, see Part I Item 1 Risk Factors in our 2006 Form 10-K and Forward-looking Statements Cautionary Language in this report.
Employer Markets Retirement Products
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
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Operating Summary (in millions) |
2007 | 2006 | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | ||||||||||||
Operating Revenues |
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Insurance premiums |
$ | | $ | | NM | $ | 1 | $ | 1 | | ||||||||
Insurance fees |
79 | 70 | 13 | % | 156 | 135 | 16 | % | ||||||||||
Net investment income |
282 | 274 | 3 | % | 557 | 508 | 10 | % | ||||||||||
Other revenues and fees |
6 | 6 | 0 | % | 12 | 12 | | |||||||||||
Total operating revenues |
367 | 350 | 5 | % | 726 | 656 | 11 | % | ||||||||||
Operating Expenses |
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Insurance benefits |
188 | 173 | 9 | % | 371 | 316 | 17 | % | ||||||||||
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses |
92 | 77 | 19 | % | 176 | 155 | 14 | % | ||||||||||
Total operating expenses |
280 | 250 | 12 | % | 547 | 471 | 16 | % | ||||||||||
Income from operations before taxes |
87 | 100 | -13 | % | 179 |