As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 11, 2003
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 20-F
Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002
Commission file number for securities registered
pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 0-32245
Commission file number for securities registered
pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: 1-16269
AMÉRICA MÓVIL, S.A. DE C.V.
(exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
America Mobile
(translation of registrants name into English)
United Mexican States
(jurisdiction of incorporation)
Lago Alberto 366, Colonia Anáhuac, 11320 México, D.F., México
(address of principal executive offices)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: | Name of each exchange on which registered: | |
American Depositary Shares, each representing | New York Stock Exchange | |
20 Series L Shares, without par value | ||
Series L Shares, without par value | New York Stock Exchange (for listing purposes only) |
Securities registered pursuant to
Section 12(g) of the Act:
American Depositary Shares, each representing 20 Series A Shares, without par value
Series A Shares, without par value
The number of outstanding shares of each of the registrants classes of capital or common stock as of December 31, 2002:
3,647 million | AA Shares | |
291 million | A Shares | |
8,978 million | L Shares |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow. Item 17 ¨ Item 18 x
Items 1-2. Not Applicable. |
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Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk |
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Items 12-14. Not Applicable. |
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Item 17. Not Applicable. |
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PART I
This annual report includes our audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2001 and 2002 and for the years ended December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002. Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Mexican GAAP and presented in Mexican pesos. The financial statements of our non-Mexican subsidiaries have been adjusted to conform to Mexican GAAP and translated to Mexican pesos. See Note 2(c) to our audited financial statements.
Mexican GAAP differs in certain respects from U.S. GAAP. Note 20 to the audited financial statements provides a description of the principal differences between Mexican GAAP and U.S. GAAP, as they relate to us, a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of operating income, net income and total stockholders equity and a condensed statement of cash flows under U.S. GAAP.
Pursuant to Mexican GAAP, in our financial statements and the selected financial information set forth below:
| nonmonetary assets (including plant, property and equipment of Mexican origin) and stockholders equity are restated for inflation based on the Mexican National Consumer Price Index; plant, property and equipment of non-Mexican origin are restated based on the rate of inflation in the country of origin and converted into Mexican pesos using the prevailing exchange rate at the balance sheet date; |
| gains and losses in purchasing power from holding monetary liabilities or assets are recognized in income; and |
| all financial statements are restated in constant pesos as of December 31, 2002. |
The effect of inflation accounting under Mexican GAAP has not been reversed in the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of net income and stockholders equity, except with respect to the methodology for restatement of imported telephone plant. See Note 20 to the audited financial statements.
This annual report also includes audited financial statements of Telecom Americas as of December 31, 2001 and the 186-day period ended December 31, 2000 and the year ended December 31, 2001. The audited financial statements of Telecom Americas have been prepared on a consolidated basis in accordance with U.S. GAAP and presented in U.S. dollars.
References herein to U.S.$ are to U.S. dollars. References herein to pesos, P. or Ps. are to Mexican pesos.
1
The selected financial information set forth below has been derived in part from our audited financial statements, which have been reported on by Mancera S.C., a member practice of Ernst & Young Global, independent auditors. The selected financial information should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, our audited financial statements.
As of and for the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
1998(1) |
1999(1) |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2002 | |||||||||||||||
(millions of constant pesos as of December 31, 2002)(2) | (millions of U.S. dollars)(2) | |||||||||||||||||||
Income Statement Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Mexican GAAP |
||||||||||||||||||||
Operating revenues |
Ps. | 10,259 | Ps. | 17,105 | Ps. | 31,810 | Ps. | 43,722 | Ps. | 57,461 | U.S.$ | 5,572 | ||||||||
Operating costs and expenses |
8,279 | 14,677 | 28,739 | 37,302 | 44,977 | 4,361 | ||||||||||||||
Operating income |
1,979 | 2,428 | 3,071 | 6,420 | 12,485 | 1,211 | ||||||||||||||
Majority net income (loss) |
4,249 | 4,758 | 956 | (875 | ) | 4,601 | 446 | |||||||||||||
Majority net income (loss) per share(3) |
0.293 | 0.328 | 0.067 | (0.066 | ) | 0.350 | 0.033 | |||||||||||||
Dividends per share(4) |
| | | 0.040 | 0.044 | 0.004 | ||||||||||||||
U.S. GAAP |
||||||||||||||||||||
Operating revenues |
Ps. | 10,388 | Ps. | 17,321 | Ps. | 32,211 | Ps. | 43,722 | Ps. | 57,461 | U.S.$ | 5,572 | ||||||||
Operating costs and expenses |
8,782 | 15,547 | 30,112 | 37,815 | 44,657 | 4,330 | ||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) |
1,606 | 1,774 | 2,099 | 5,906 | 12,804 | 1,242 | ||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
3,238 | 2,982 | (452 | ) | (645 | ) | 5,807 | 563 | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) per share(3) |
0.224 | 0.206 | (0.032 | ) | (0.049 | ) | 0.442 | 0.043 | ||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Mexican GAAP |
||||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
Ps. | 7,164 | Ps. | 13,876 | Ps. | 36,123 | Ps. | 42,257 | Ps. | 60,589 | U.S.$ | 5,875 | ||||||||
Total assets |
56,875 | 73,127 | 97,006 | 97,945 | 113,050 | 10,962 | ||||||||||||||
Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt |
| | 7,344 | 6,663 | 10,231 | 992 | ||||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
94 | 2,689 | 1,289 | 16,038 | 35,971 | 3,488 | ||||||||||||||
Total stockholders equity(5) |
54,318 | 62,184 | 72,267 | 59,857 | 49,193 | 4,770 | ||||||||||||||
U.S. GAAP |
||||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant & equipment, net |
Ps. | 7,336 | Ps. | 14,279 | Ps. | 36,219 | Ps. | 45,319 | Ps. | 61,691 | U.S.$ | 5,982 | ||||||||
Total assets |
58,420 | 74,799 | 98,947 | 101,946 | 115,012 | 11,153 | ||||||||||||||
Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt |
| | 7,437 | 6,663 | 10,231 | 992 | ||||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
95 | 2,724 | 1,305 | 16,038 | 35,971 | 3,488 | ||||||||||||||
Minority interest |
| 747 | 2,334 | 790 | 1,178 | 114 | ||||||||||||||
Total stockholders equity |
54,309 | 60,308 | 68,318 | 60,224 | 48,465 | 4,670 | ||||||||||||||
Other Data: |
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EBITDA(6) |
Ps. | 2,839 | Ps. | 4,078 | Ps. | 6,336 | Ps. | 13,203 | Ps. | 20,802 | U.S.$ | 2,017 |
(1) | Prepared on a consolidated basis from the historical accounting records of Teléfonos de México, S.A. de C.V. (Telmex), representing the combined historical operations of the entities that Telmex transferred to us in the spin-off that established América Móvil in September 2000. |
(2) | Except per share data. |
(3) | For 1998 and 1999, based on 14,485 million shares outstanding at September 25, 2000, the date América Móvil was established. For 2000, based on the average weighted number of América Móvil shares |
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outstanding during the year, assuming 14,485 million shares outstanding for the period prior to September 25, 2000. For 2001 and 2002, based on the average weighted number of América Móvil shares outstanding during the year. Each L Share ADS represents 20 L Shares and each A Share ADS represents 20 A Shares. |
(4) | Nominal amounts. Figures provided represent the annual dividend declared at the general shareholders meeting. |
(5) | Includes minority interest. |
(6) | We determine EBITDA as shown in the reconciliation below, by adding charges that do not affect cash to operating income. EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure and is not how our performance or our liquidity is measured in accordance with GAAP. We use EBITDA as a rough indicator of the cash component of our operating income. Lenders and others routinely examine EBITDA, and some of our lenders require that we maintain certain leverage ratios based on the relationship between EBITDA and debt or EBITDA and interest expense. Because not all companies calculate EBITDA identically, the presentation of EBITDA in this annual report is not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. A reconciliation between operating income determined in accordance with Mexican GAAP and EBITDA is provided below: |
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 | ||||||
(millions of constant pesos as of December 31, 2002) | ||||||||||
Operating income |
1,979 | 2,428 | 3,071 | 6,420 | 12,485 | |||||
Plus: |
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Depreciation |
767 | 1,263 | 2,376 | 3,771 | 6,180 | |||||
Amortization |
93 | 387 | 889 | 961 | 2,098 | |||||
Impairment charges |
| | | 2,051 | 39 | |||||
EBITDA |
2,839 | 4,078 | 6,336 | 13,203 | 20,802 | |||||
3
Mexico has a free market for foreign exchange and the Mexican government allows the peso to float freely against the U.S. dollar. For much of 1998, the foreign exchange markets were volatile as a result of financial crises in Asia and Russia and financial turmoil in certain Latin American countries, including Brazil and Venezuela. The peso declined during this period, but was relatively stable from 1999 until 2001. In 2002 and early 2003 the peso declined significantly, but in March 2003, it began to rise in value. There can be no assurance that the government will maintain its current policies with regard to the peso or that the peso will not further depreciate or appreciate significantly in the future.
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high, low, average and period-end noon buying rate in New York City for cable transfers in pesos published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, expressed in pesos per U.S. dollar. The rates have not been restated in constant currency units.
Period |
High |
Low |
Average(1) |
Period End | ||||||||
1998 |
Ps. | 8.0400 | Ps. | 10.6300 | Ps. | 9.2425 | Ps. | 9.9010 | ||||
1999 |
9.2430 | 10.6000 | 9.5630 | 9.4800 | ||||||||
2000 |
9.1830 | 10.0870 | 9.4717 | 9.6180 | ||||||||
2001 |
9.0270 | 9.8850 | 8.9386 | 9.1560 | ||||||||
2002 |
9.0000 | 10.4250 | 9.6630 | 10.4250 | ||||||||
2002: |
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January |
9.0950 | 9.2500 | ||||||||||
February |
9.0480 | 9.1700 | ||||||||||
March |
9.0010 | 9.1140 | ||||||||||
April |
9.0020 | 9.3750 | ||||||||||
May |
9.4080 | 9.7130 | ||||||||||
June |
9.6050 | 9.9800 | ||||||||||
July |
9.6100 | 9.9700 | ||||||||||
August |
9.7380 | 9.9620 | ||||||||||
September |
9.9550 | 10.3500 | ||||||||||
October |
9.9470 | 10.2220 | ||||||||||
November |
10.0920 | 10.3420 | ||||||||||
December |
10.1030 | 10.4250 | ||||||||||
2003: |
||||||||||||
January |
10.3210 | 10.9780 | ||||||||||
February |
10.7740 | 11.0640 | ||||||||||
March |
10.6610 | 11.2350 | ||||||||||
April |
10.3080 | 10.7700 | ||||||||||
May |
10.1130 | 10.4240 |
(1) | Average of month-end rates. |
On June 10, 2003, the noon buying rate was Ps.10.7350 to U.S.$1.00.
4
This annual report contains forward-looking statements. We may from time to time make forward-looking statements in our periodic reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission on Forms 20-F and 6-K, in our annual report to shareholders, in offering circulars and prospectuses, in press releases and other written materials, and in oral statements made by our officers, directors or employees to analysts, institutional investors, representatives of the media and others. Examples of such forward-looking statements include:
| projections of operating revenues, net income (loss), net income (loss) per share, capital expenditures, dividends, capital structure or other financial items or ratios; |
| statements of our plans, objectives or goals, including those relating to competition, regulation and rates; |
| statements about our future economic performance or that of Mexico or other countries in which we operate; and |
| statements of assumptions underlying such statements. |
We use words such as believe, anticipate, plan, expect, intend, target, estimate, project, predict, forecast, guideline, should and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements, but they are not the only way we identify such statements.
Forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties. We caution that a number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from the plans, objectives, expectations, estimates and intentions expressed in such forward-looking statements. These factors, some of which are discussed under Risk Factors beginning on page 6, include economic and political conditions and government policies in Mexico or elsewhere, inflation rates, exchange rates, regulatory developments, technological improvements, customer demand and competition. We caution that the foregoing list of factors is not exclusive and that other risks and uncertainties may cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we do not undertake any obligation to update them in light of new information or future developments.
5
Risks Relating to Our Business
Substantial and increasing competition in the wireless industry could adversely affect the revenues and profitability of our business
We face substantial competition in the Mexican wireless industry, and we expect competition to intensify in the future as a result of the entry of new competitors, the development of new technologies, products and services and the auction of additional spectrum. Our subsidiary Radiomóvil Dipsa, S.A. de C.V., which operates under the trade name Telcel, holds concessions in all nine regions in Mexico to operate both a cellular network using the 800 megahertz (Band B) radio spectrum and a personal communications services (PCS) network using the 1900 megahertz (Band D) radio spectrum. We face competition from other cellular providers using the 800 megahertz (Band A) spectrum in each of the regions in which we operate, and the Mexican government has granted PCS licenses to other carriers that are in the process of developing wireless service on the 1900 megahertz (Bands A, D and F) spectrum. Our competitors in Mexico include Grupo Iusacell, S.A. de C.V., which is controlled by Verizon Wireless and Vodafone, Movistar (a brand used by a group of companies controlled by Telefónica Móviles S.A. de C.V., an affiliate of the Telefónica Group of Spain) and Operadora Unefon, S.A. de C.V. According to the Federal Telecommunications Commission (which is known as Cofetel), an independent agency within the Mexican Communications Ministry, Telcels share of the Mexican cellular market was approximately 77.4% at December 31, 2002. Our international wireless businesses also face substantial competition, typically from at least one other wireless provider, and increasingly from multiple providers.
We expect that competition will intensify in the future, both from new entrants and existing competitors, and that market prices for wireless services will continue to decline and customer churn will increase due to increased competition. Among other things, our competitors could provide increased handset subsidies, provide free services, such as Internet access, expand their networks faster and develop and deploy improved wireless technologies faster.
We also expect that competition will lead to increases in advertising and promotional spending, along with increased demands on access to distribution channels. All of this may lead to smaller operating margins, greater choices for customers, possible consumer confusion and increasing movement of customers between competitors, which may make it difficult for us to retain customers or add new customers. In addition, the cost of adding new customers may continue to increase, reducing profitability even if customer growth continues.
Our ability to compete successfully will depend on customer service, on marketing and on our ability to anticipate and respond to various competitive factors affecting the industry, including new services, changes in consumer preferences, demographic trends, economic conditions and discount pricing strategies by competitors. If we are unable to respond to competition and compensate for declining prices by adding new customers, increasing usage and offering new services, our revenues and profitability could decline.
We may not be able to build out and upgrade our network on a timely basis
We are in the process of building out and upgrading our wireless networks in Mexico. In order to build out our networks, we must obtain cell and switch sites; obtain rights of way, government approvals and permits for network construction; complete radio frequency design for each developing area; design and install switching systems, radio systems, interconnection facilities and operating support systems; expand and maintain customer care, network management and management and administrative systems; and obtain additional radio spectrum frequencies. Over the next several years, we intend to continue to upgrade our network to implement the next generation of wireless technology.
Our international wireless businesses need to complete the build-out of their wireless networks and to implement upgrades to their networks to access the next generation of digital technology. In addition, our subsidiary in Guatemala, Telecomunicaciones de Guatemala, S.A. (Telgua), plans to make substantial capital expenditures on its fixed-line network.
6
We cannot guarantee you that we will successfully execute these tasks, many of which are not under our control, on a timely basis or at all. Our ability to develop our networks is affected by, among other factors, the availability of capital, relations with suppliers and vendors, political and regulatory factors and currency fluctuations. If we cannot satisfactorily complete the build-out and upgrade of our wireless networks, or do so in a timely manner, we could lose current and potential customers to competitors, one or more of our concessions could be terminated and our results and financial condition could suffer.
Our businesses require substantial capital to build out their networks and for other purposes, and they may not be able to raise sufficient capital on a timely basis or at all
We require substantial capital to operate and build out our wireless networks. We also require significant amounts of capital to market and distribute our services and products, to develop new services and products, to develop and implement new wireless technologies and potentially to acquire and invest in other communications companies. To meet these requirements, we have relied, and expect to continue to rely, on borrowings and cash flow from operations, but we also expect to use a substantial portion of our available funds to finance new international investments.
Increased indebtedness may have a number of negative effects on the operations of our businesses, including increased difficulty in obtaining future financing, allocation of increasing amounts of income to debt repayments and restrictions imposed by lenders on these businesses capital resources or operations. If available funds are insufficient to meet our budgeted capital requirements, we may not be able to raise capital to finance any shortfall on a timely basis, or at all.
Government regulation could hurt our businesses
Our businesses are subject to extensive government regulation and can be adversely affected by changes in law, regulation or regulatory policy. The licensing, construction, operation, sale, resale and interconnection arrangements of wireless telecommunications systems in Latin America and elsewhere are regulated to varying degrees by government authorities. Any of these authorities having jurisdiction over our businesses could adopt or change regulations or take other actions that could adversely affect us. In particular, the regulation of prices operators may charge for their services could have a material adverse effect on us by reducing our profit margins. In Mexico, Telcels business is subject to extensive government regulation, principally by Cofetel, and may be adversely affected by changes in law or by actions of Mexican regulatory authorities.
Many Latin American countries are executing programs to deregulate and privatize the provision of communications services, including wireless services, and many of the laws, regulations and instruments that regulate our businesses, including in Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, Guatemala and Ecuador, were only recently adopted or became effective, and there is only a limited history that would allow us to predict the impact of these legal requirements on our future operations. These programs and laws are still developing, and we cannot guarantee that changes in political administrations will not lead to the adoption of policies concerning competition, privatization and taxation of communications services that may be detrimental to our Latin American operations. Such restrictions, which may take the form of preferences for local over foreign ownership of communications licenses and assets, or government over private ownership, may make it impossible for us to continue to develop our businesses. These restrictions could cause losses of revenues and capital investments. Some restrictions currently exist, generally in the form of percentage limits on our equity ownership in joint ventures in foreign markets.
Our businesses have concessions that are subject to termination
The terms of the licenses or concessions under which our international wireless businesses operate typically require the operator to meet specified network build-out requirements and schedules, as well as to maintain minimum quality, service and coverage standards. Failure to comply with these criteria could result in the
7
revocation of licenses, the imposition of fines or other government actions. We cannot assure you that our international business will be able to comply fully with the terms of their licenses.
In Mexico, Mexican Telecommunications Law and Telcels concessions include various provisions under which the concessions may be terminated by the Mexican Communications Ministry before their scheduled expiration dates. Among other things, these concessions may be terminated if we fail to meet specified network build-out requirements and schedules or to maintain minimum quality, service and coverage standards by, for example, interrupting service without justified cause or failing to meet interconnection requirements. The loss of any one concession could have a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations.
In addition, the Communications Ministry is authorized to impose specific rate and other requirements on any wireless operator that is determined by the Federal Competition Commission to have substantial market power. While no such determination has been made with respect to the wireless market in Mexico, we can provide no assurances that the regulatory authorities will not make such a determination with respect to Telcel and impose specific rate requirements or other special regulation on us, such as additional requirements regarding disclosure of information or quality of service. Any such new regulation could have a material impact on our operations.
Telecom Americas does not own the majority of the voting stock of four of its operating companies
Due to governmental regulations in Brazil and other restrictions, Telecom Americas does not own the majority of the voting stock of any of ATL-Algar Telecom Leste S.A., Tess S.A., Americel S.A. or Telet S.A. in Brazil. The regulatory considerations that prevented it from doing so no longer apply because these companies have changed the licenses under which they operate, and Telecom Americas has begun seeking approval to acquire the majority of the voting stock of these operating companies. We have contractual arrangements that permit us to acquire the majority of the voting stock of these companies once final regulatory approvals are obtained.
We may not be able to obtain or maintain favorable roaming arrangements
To the extent competitors have, or are perceived to have, better roaming features than our businesses, those businesses may lose customers to their competitors. Our customers can access another providers wireless system only if our customers handsets are compatible with the other providers system and the other provider allows them to roam on its network. We rely on agreements to provide roaming capability to customers in Latin America, the United States and elsewhere in areas that our networks do not serve. Some competitors may have more extensive coverage through their own networks and be less dependent on roaming arrangements. Also, competitors may be able to obtain roaming rates that are lower than rates obtained by our Latin American companies, giving these competitors a pricing advantage. In addition, the quality of service that another wireless provider delivers during a roaming call may be inferior to the quality of service our companies provide.
Our companies are also dependent upon roaming agreements with other providers as a source of revenues when the other providers customers roam in the companies territories. If these roaming agreements were to terminate, or if the other providers deploy incompatible technologies, revenues would decrease.
We have invested in businesses and countries in which we have limited experience, and we may be unsuccessful in addressing the new challenges and risks they present
We have invested in a growing number of businesses outside our core activity of providing wireless telecommunications services in Mexico, and we plan to continue doing so, especially in the rest of Latin America and in businesses related to wireless and broadband telecommunications. These investments involve risks to which we have not previously been exposed and countries in which we have no previous experience. Some of the investments are in countries that, like Guatemala, Ecuador, Brazil, Colombia, Argentina and Nicaragua, may
8
present different or greater country risk than Mexico. Many of them are start-up or development-stage companies that will require substantial investments. There can be no assurance that these investments will ultimately be successful.
We are subject to significant litigation
Some of our subsidiaries are subject to significant litigation, which if determined adversely to our interests may have a material adverse affect on our results, financial condition and prospects. In Mexico, Telcel is subject to a number of proceedings for alleged monopolistic practices. It is difficult to predict how these proceedings will be resolved and, if resolved contrary to our interests, what fines or restrictions may be imposed on our business. These restrictions, which could be imposed by means of a special regulation, may include significant limitations on our ability to conduct business as currently conducted. Other outstanding litigation includes challenges to the acquisition of our Guatemalan subsidiary, tax and anticompetitive behavior claims in Colombia and disputes regarding the calculation of inflation-related adjustment payments under two of our concessions in Brazil.
Risks Relating to the Wireless Industry Generally
Changes in the wireless industry could affect us in ways we cannot predict
The wireless communications industry is experiencing significant change. This includes the increasing pace of digital upgrades in existing analog wireless systems, evolving industry standards, ongoing improvements in the capacity and quality of digital technology, shorter development cycles for new products, and changes in end-user needs and preferences. In Mexico and in the other countries in which we conduct business, there is uncertainty as to the pace and extent of growth in customer demand, and as to the extent to which prices for airtime and line rental may continue to decline. As a result, our future prospects remain uncertain.
There are three existing digital technologies for wireless communications, none of which is compatible with the others. In the past, Telcel and certain of our international businesses used time division multiple access (TDMA) technology for their digital networks, while certain of our other international businesses used code division multiple access (CDMA) as their digital wireless technology. We are introducing global system for mobile communications (GSM) technology in our largest markets. Telcel launched GSM service in October 2002. We plan to launch GSM service in Colombia, Ecuador and Brazil in the second half of 2003. If future wireless technologies that gains widespread acceptance are not compatible with the technologies we use, we may be required to make capital expenditures in excess of our current forecasts in order to upgrade and replace our technology and infrastructure.
We may have difficulty collecting amounts due from other communications carriers
In most of the markets in which we operate, including Mexico, the calling party pays for the airtime on a call to a wireless number. If a subscriber of another cellular service provider places a call to one of our Telcel customers in Mexico, Telcel charges the service provider from whose network the call originates an interconnection charge for every minute Telcels network is in use in connection with the call. In addition, under our roaming agreements, when a call is made from within one of Telcels concession regions by a subscriber of another cellular service provider, that service provider pays Telcel for the call at the applicable rate. In the year ended December 31, 2002, 23% of América Móvils operating revenues and 25% of Telcels operating revenues were attributable to interconnection charges and roaming charges.
Telcel and our other wireless businesses may encounter difficulties collecting such amounts from some communications companies. Some of these companies face financial difficulties and may also be our competitors. If our businesses cannot collect amounts due from other communications providers on a timely basis, or at all, they could incur material losses. Difficulties in collecting amounts due could also increase administrative costs, interest expenses and risks from foreign exchange fluctuations.
9
We are dependent upon a small number of suppliers and vendors, and if they fail to provide us with services or equipment on a timely and cost-effective basis, our business could be adversely affected
Each of our wireless businesses relies primarily on a single vendor for its switch and cell site equipment and on a single supplier or small group of suppliers for its handsets and other customer equipment. If we had to replace a primary supplier of switch and cell site equipment, for example because it ceased to provide timely or cost-effective equipment or service, the transition to another supplier could entail delays and additional costs. Supplies of customer equipment may be subject to periodic shortages, and our ability to grow will be limited if we cannot rely on our suppliers to ensure sufficient quantities and quality of equipment.
Telcel relies primarily on Ericsson for the supply of its switch and cell site equipment. Telcel purchases handsets and other customer equipment primarily from the major vendors, including Nokia, Sony-Ericsson, Motorola, Siemens and Samsung.
We may incur significant costs from wireless fraud
Our wireless businesses incur costs associated with the unauthorized use of their wireless networks, particularly their analog cellular networks. These costs include administrative and capital costs associated with detecting, monitoring and reducing the incidence of fraud. Fraud also affects interconnection costs, capacity costs, administrative costs and payments to other carriers for unbillable fraudulent roaming. In the year ended December 31, 2002, Telcel refunded its customers approximately Ps. 2 million due to wireless fraud. Although we try to combat this problem through the deployment of anti-fraud technologies and other measures, we cannot guarantee that these efforts will be effective or that fraud will not result in material costs for us in the future.
Cloning, which is one form of wireless fraud, involves the use of scanners and other electronic devices to obtain illegally telephone numbers and electronic serial numbers during cellular transmission. These stolen telephone and serial number combinations can be programmed into a cellular phone and used to obtain improper access to cellular networks. Roaming fraud occurs when a phone programmed with a number stolen from one of our customers is used to place fraudulent calls from another carriers market, resulting in a roaming fee charged to us that cannot be collected from the customer.
Concerns about health risks relating to the use of wireless handsets may adversely affect our prospects
Media and other reports have linked radio frequency emissions from wireless handsets to various health concerns, including cancer, and to interference with various electronic medical devices, including hearing aids and pacemakers. Although we do not know of any definitive studies showing that radio frequency emissions raise health concerns, concerns over radio frequency emissions may discourage the use of wireless handsets in Mexico or the other countries in which we conduct business, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. In addition, lawsuits have been filed in the United States against certain participants in the wireless industry alleging various adverse health consequences as a result of wireless phone usage, and Telcel and our international businesses may be subject to similar litigation in the future. Research and studies are ongoing, and there can be no assurance that further research and studies will not demonstrate a link between radio frequency emissions and health concerns.
Risks Relating to Our Controlling Shareholders, Capital Structure and Transactions with Affiliates
We are controlled by one shareholder
As of December 31, 2002, 64.7% of the voting shares of América Móvil was directly or indirectly owned by América Telecom, S.A. de C.V., which was established in November 2001 in a spin-off from Carso Global Telecom, S.A. de C.V. América Telecom has the effective power to designate a majority of the members of our Board of Directors and to determine the outcome of other actions requiring a vote of the shareholders, except in very limited cases that require a vote of the holders of L Shares.
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We have significant transactions with affiliates, particularly Telmex, that create potential conflicts of interest
We engage in transactions with Telmex, which is controlled by Carso Global Telecom, as well as with certain other subsidiaries of Grupo Carso, S.A. de C.V. and Grupo Financiero Inbursa, S.A. de C.V., all of which may be viewed as affiliates of América Móvil. Many of these transactions occur in the ordinary course of business and are subject to telecommunications regulations. Transactions with affiliates may create the potential for conflicts of interest.
The protections afforded to minority shareholders in Mexico are different from those in the United States
Under Mexican law, the protections afforded to minority shareholders are different from those in the United States. In particular, the law concerning fiduciary duties of directors is not as fully developed as in other jurisdictions, there is no procedure for class actions or shareholder derivative actions, and there are different procedural requirements for bringing shareholder lawsuits. As a result, in practice it may be more difficult for minority shareholders of América Móvil to enforce their rights against us or our directors or controlling shareholder than it would be for shareholders of a company incorporated in another jurisdiction, such as the United States.
Holders of L Shares and L Share ADSs have limited voting rights, and holders of ADSs may vote only through the depositary
Our bylaws provide that holders of L Shares are not permitted to vote except on such limited matters as the transformation or merger of América Móvil or the cancellation of registration of the L Shares with the Mexican National Banking and Securities Commission or any stock exchange on which they are listed. If you hold L Shares or L Share ADSs, you will not be able to vote on most matters, including the declaration of dividends, that are subject to a shareholder vote in accordance with our bylaws.
Holders of ADSs are not entitled to attend shareholders meetings, and they may only vote through the depositary
Under Mexican law, a shareholder is required to deposit its shares with a Mexican custodian in order to attend a shareholders meeting. A holder of ADSs will not be able to meet this requirement, and accordingly is not entitled to attend shareholders meetings. A holder of ADSs is entitled to instruct the depositary as to how to vote the shares represented by ADSs, in accordance with procedures provided for in the deposit agreements, but a holder of ADSs will not be able to vote its shares directly at a shareholders meeting or to appoint a proxy to do so.
You may not be entitled to participate in future preemptive rights offerings
Under Mexican law, if we issue new shares for cash as part of a capital increase, we generally must grant our shareholders the right to purchase a sufficient number of shares to maintain their existing ownership percentage in América Móvil. Rights to purchase shares in these circumstances are known as preemptive rights. We may not legally be permitted to allow holders of ADSs or holders of L Shares or A Shares in the United States to exercise any preemptive rights in any future capital increase unless we file a registration statement with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, with respect to that future issuance of shares. At the time of any future capital increase, we will evaluate the costs and potential liabilities associated with filing a registration statement with the SEC and any other factors that we consider important to determine whether we will file such a registration statement.
We cannot assure you that we will file a registration statement with the SEC to allow holders of ADSs or U.S. holders of L Shares or A Shares to participate in a preemptive rights offering. As a result, the equity interest
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of such holders in América Móvil be diluted proportionately. In addition, under current Mexican law, it is not practicable for the depositary to sell preemptive rights and distribute the proceeds from such sales to ADS holders.
Our bylaws restrict transfers of shares in some circumstances
Our bylaws provide that any acquisition or transfer of more than 10% of our capital stock by any person or group of persons acting together requires the approval of our Board of Directors. If you acquire or transfer more than 10% of our capital stock, you will not be able to do so without the approval of the Board of Directors.
Mexican law and our bylaws restrict the ability of non-Mexican shareholders to invoke the protection of their governments with respect to their rights as shareholders
As required by Mexican law, our bylaws provide that non-Mexican shareholders shall be considered as Mexicans in respect of their ownership interests in América Móvil and shall be deemed to have agreed not to invoke the protection of their governments in certain circumstances. Under this provision, a non-Mexican shareholder is deemed to have agreed not to invoke the protection of his own government by asking such government to interpose a diplomatic claim against the Mexican government with respect to the shareholders rights as a shareholder, but is not deemed to have waived any other rights it may have, including any rights under the U.S. securities laws, with respect to its investment in América Móvil. If you invoke such governmental protection in violation of this agreement, your shares could be forfeited to the Mexican government.
Our bylaws may only be enforced in Mexico
Our bylaws provide that legal actions relating to the execution, interpretation or performance of the bylaws may be brought only in Mexican courts. As a result, it may be difficult for non-Mexican shareholders to enforce their shareholder rights pursuant to the bylaws.
It may be difficult to enforce civil liabilities against us or our directors, officers and controlling persons
América Móvil is organized under the laws of Mexico, and most of our directors, officers and controlling persons reside outside the United States. In addition, all or a substantial portion of our assets and their assets are located outside of the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States on such persons or to enforce judgments against them, including in any action based on civil liabilities under the U.S. federal securities laws. There is doubt as to the enforceability against such persons in Mexico, whether in original actions or in actions to enforce judgments of U.S. courts, of liabilities based solely on the U.S. federal securities laws.
Risks Relating to Developments in Mexico and Other Countries
Economic and political developments may adversely affect our business
Our business may be significantly affected by the general condition of the economy in the countries where we operate and especially in Mexico, by devaluation of the local currency in those countries, by inflation and high interest rates in those countries, or by political developments or changes in law in those countries. Exchange rate variations between the currencies in which our subsidiaries operate and the currencies in which their debt is denominated, especially the U.S. dollar, result in exchange gain or loss. Exchange rate variations between the Mexican peso and the currencies of our non-Mexican subsidiaries also affect our results as reported in Mexican pesos.
Mexico has experienced adverse economic conditions
Mexico has experienced a prolonged period of slow growth since 2001 primarily as a result of the downturn in the U.S. economy. In recent years, economic crises in Asia, Russia, Brazil and Argentina and other emerging
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markets have also adversely affected the Mexican economy and could do so again. In 2002, Mexicos gross domestic product, or GDP, grew by 0.9% and inflation rose to 5.7%. In 2001, GDP declined by 0.3% while inflation decreased to 4.4%. For 2003, the Mexican government has estimated that GDP growth will be 3.0% and inflation is expected to be 3.0%, though these estimates may not prove to be accurate.
If the Mexican economy falls into a recession or if inflation and interest rates increase significantly, our business, financial condition and results of operations could suffer material adverse consequences because, among other things, demand for wireless communications services may decrease and consumers may find it difficult to pay for the services we offer.
Political events in Mexico could affect Mexican economic policy and our operations
The Mexican national elections held in July 2000 ended 71 years of rule by the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (Institutional Revolutionary Party or PRI) with the election of president Vicente Fox, a member of the Partido Acción Nacional (National Action Party or PAN). The elections resulted in increased representation by opposition parties in mayoral, gubernatorial, and legislative positions throughout Mexico. Neither the PRI nor the PAN currently has a majority in the Congress or Senate.
Multiparty rule is still relatively new in Mexico and could result in economic or political conditions that could have a material adverse effect on our operations. In addition, the lack of a majority party in the legislature and the lack of political alignment between the legislature and the presidency has resulted in deadlock that could prevent the timely implementation of economic policy, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on the Mexican economy and on our business. New legislative elections will be held in July 2003, and the effects on the political situation in Mexico are uncertain.
Additional Mexican taxes on services we offer could affect our results of operations
Taxes applicable to certain telecommunications services have been imposed in the recent past in Mexico. Additional taxes of this nature could adversely affect our business and our results of operations.
Developments in other emerging market countries may adversely affect our business or the market price of our securities
Many of our investments and joint ventures and a substantial portion of our total assets are located in other emerging market countries, including Guatemala, Ecuador, Brazil, Colombia, Nicaragua and Argentina. As a result, economic and political developments in these countries, including future economic crises and political instability, could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
In addition, the market value of securities of Mexican companies is, to varying degrees, affected by economic and market conditions in other emerging market countries. Although economic conditions in such countries may differ significantly from economic conditions in Mexico, investors reactions to developments in any of these other countries may have an adverse effect on the market value of securities of Mexican issuers. In the second half of 1998, prices of Mexican securities were adversely affected by the economic crises in Russia and in Brazil. More recently, prices of Mexican securities have been adversely affected by the economic crisis in Argentina. If the current economic situation in Argentina deteriorates further, or if adverse economic or political events occur in other emerging market countries, there can be no assurance that the market value of our securities would not be adversely affected.
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Item 4. Information on the Company
With over 31 million wireless subscribers in seven countries at year-end 2002, we are the largest provider of wireless communications services in Latin America and one of the ten largest in the world. Through our Mexican subsidiary Radiomóvil Dipsa, S.A. de C.V., which operates under the name Telcel, we provide cellular telecommunications service in all nine regions in Mexico, with a network covering approximately 34% of the geographical area of Mexico, including all major cities, and approximately 90% of Mexicos population. As of December 31, 2002, Telcel had 20.1 million subscribers.
In addition, we have operations in the telecommunications sector in the following countries:
| Brazil. In 2002, we acquired Telecom Americas, a company formed as a joint venture in November 2000 between us, Bell Canada International Inc. (BCI) and SBC International, Inc. (SBCI). Through Telecom Americas, we have interests in five wireless operators in Brazil, and we are the second largest wireless operator in the country measured by the number of subscribers. |
| Guatemala. Through our Guatemalan subsidiary, Telgua, and its affiliate, Sercom, we provide fixed-line, wireless, Internet, cable television, paging, data transmission and other services in Guatemala. Our Guatemalan telecommunications operations are the largest in the country measured by the number of fixed-line and wireless subscribers. |
| Colombia. We acquired Comcel and Occel, Colombian wireless operators, from Telecom Americas in February 2002. With Comcels recent acquisition of Celcaribe S.A. (Celcaribe), we are the largest wireless operator in the country. |
| Ecuador. Conecel, our subsidiary in Ecuador, provides wireless, national and international long distance, Internet, public telephony, paging and data transmission services and is the largest wireless operator in the country measured by the number of subscribers. |
| United States. Our U.S. subsidiary, Tracfone, is engaged in the sale and distribution of prepaid wireless service and wireless phones throughout the United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. |
| Argentina. Techtel, our subsidiary in Argentina, operates a local multipoint distribution services (LMDS) and fiber optic network in Argentina and provides local and long-distance fixed-line voice services. |
| Nicaragua. Our Nicaraguan subsidiary, Sercom Nicaragua, launched wireless services in December 2002. |
América Móvil, S.A. de C.V. is a sociedad anónima de capital variable organized under the laws of Mexico with its principal executive offices at Lago Alberto 366, Edificio Telcel I, Piso 2, Colonia Anáhuac, 11320, México D.F., México. The telephone number of América Móvil at this location is (5255) 2581-4411.
We make our annual reports on Form 20-F and our quarterly earnings releases available through our website at http://www.americamovil.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file the annual reports with the SEC or distribute the releases to the press.
History
América Móvil was established in September 2000 in a spin-off from Teléfonos de México, S.A. de C.V. (Telmex), the largest provider of local and long-distance telephone services in Mexico. The spin-off was implemented using a procedure under Mexican corporate law called escisión or split-up. The shares of América Móvil were delivered to Telmex shareholders on February 7, 2001.
Our wireless business in Mexico is conducted through our subsidiary Telcel, which traces its history to the establishment in 1956 of Publicidad Turística, S.A., an affiliate of Telmex that published telephone directories. In
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1981, the Mexican Ministry of Communications and Transportation granted Publicidad Turística a concession for the installation and operation of a wireless telephone system in Mexico City. In 1984, Publicidad Turística changed its name to Radiomóvil Dipsa, S.A. de C.V., and in 1989, the company began operating under the trademark Telcel.
Between 1988 and 1990, Telcel expanded its cellular network on the 800 megahertz (Band B) frequency spectrum to cover the cities of Tijuana, Cuernavaca, Toluca, Guadalajara, Monterrey and the Mexico City metropolitan area, and in 1990 Telcel began offering cellular services in all nine regions in Mexico. In 1998, Telcel was awarded the 1900 megahertz (Band D) frequency spectrum for personal communications services (PCS) in all nine regions in Mexico. Telcel launched PCS service in Mexico City in 1999 and currently offers the service in all nine regions. In October 2002, Telcel launched its GSM network, which covered 70 cities as of December 31, 2002.
In 1999, we began acquiring our international subsidiaries and investing in Telecom Americas and our other international affiliates. See Mexican Operations, Non-Mexican Operations and Other Investments.
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Major Subsidiaries and Affiliates
The tables below and the diagram that follows set forth our major subsidiaries and affiliates as of the date of this annual report.
Name of Company |
Jurisdiction of Establishment |
Ownership Interest(1) |
|||
Sercotel, S.A. de C.V. |
Mexico |
100.0 | % | ||
AM Treasury, LLC |
Delaware |
100.0 | |||
Telcel (Radiomóvil Dipsa, S.A. de C.V.) |
Mexico |
100.0 | |||
SubDipsa Treasury LLC |
Delaware |
100.0 | |||
TracFone Wireless, Inc. |
Florida |
97.8 | |||
Telecom Americas Ltd.(2) |
Bermuda |
97.4 | |||
ATLAlgar Telecom Leste S.A.(3) |
Brazil |
97.4 | |||
Tess S.A.(3) |
Brazil |
97.4 | |||
Americel S.A.(3) |
Brazil |
79.5 | |||
Telet S.A.(3) |
Brazil |
79.4 | |||
BSE S.A. |
Brazil |
82.0 | |||
Albra Telecomunicaçoes Ltda. |
Brazil |
97.4 | |||
Alecan Telecomunicaçoes Ltda. |
Brazil |
97.4 | |||
Stemar Telecomunicaçoes Ltda. |
Brazil |
97.4 | |||
Comunicación Celular S.A. (Comcel) |
Colombia |
95.7 | |||
Occidente y Caribe Celular S.A. (Occel) (4) |
Colombia |
95.8 | |||
Celcaribe S.A.(5) |
Colombia |
94.0 | |||
Telecomunicaciones de Guatemala, S.A. |
Guatemala |
97.3 | |||
Servicios de Comunicaciones Personales Inalámbricas, S.A. |
Guatemala |
97.3 | |||
Servicios de Comunicaciones de Nicaragua, S.A.. |
Nicaragua |
97.3 | |||
Consorcio Ecuatoriano de Telecomunicaciones, S.A. CONECEL |
Ecuador |
80.6 | |||
TechtelLMDS Comunicaciones Interactivas, S.A. |
Argentina |
60.0 | |||
Telstar, S.A. |
Uruguay |
60.0 | |||
Speedy Móvil, S.A. de C.V. |
Mexico |
85.0 | |||
CompUSA, Inc. |
Delaware |
49.0 |
(1) | Percentage of equity owned by América Móvil directly or indirectly through subsidiaries or affiliates. |
(2) | For interests held through Telecom Americas, Ownership Interest includes shares owned directly or indirectly and shares subject to options or other contractual rights (which may be subject to regulatory or other conditions) in favor of Telecom Americas. |
(3) | Telecom Americas directly or indirectly holds a 19.9% voting interest in ATL, Tess, Americel and Telet. Although we do not own a majority of the voting stock of these entities, we consolidate them because we own substantially all of their economic interests and effectively control them. Accordingly, we believe consolidation is necessary to present fairly our financial position and results of operations. |
(4) | Comcel holds directly 36.6% of Occel and América Móvil holds indirectly 60.8% of Occel. |
(5) | Comcel holds directly 93.3% of Celcaribe and América Móvil holds indirectly 4.7% of Celcaribe. |
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Our subsidiary Telcel is the leading provider of wireless communications services in Mexico. As of December 31, 2002, Telcels cellular network covered 34% of the geographical area of Mexico, including all major cities, and 90% of Mexicos population. Telcel holds concessions to operate a wireless network in all nine regions in Mexico using both the 800 megahertz (Band B) and 1900 megahertz (Band D) radio spectrums. As of December 31, 2002, Telcel had 20.1 million cellular subscribers and, according to Cofetel, an approximately 77.4% share of the Mexican wireless market. Approximately 21% of Telcels cellular subscribers are located in the Mexico City area.
In 2002, Telcel had revenues of Ps.40.8 billion, representing 71% of the consolidated revenues of América Móvil for such period, and net income of Ps.4,488 million. At December 31, 2002, Telcel had total assets of Ps.77,014 million, representing 47.24% of the total assets of América Móvil as of such date.
The following table sets forth information on Telcels subscriber base, coverage and related matters at the dates and for the periods indicated:
December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
||||||||||||||||
Revenues(1) |
Ps. | 10,615 | Ps. | 15,601 | Ps. | 24,872 | Ps. | 34,107 | Ps. | 40,789 | ||||||||||
Average monthly revenues per subscriber during preceding 12 months(2) |
502 | 312 | 235 | 193 | 159 | |||||||||||||||
Total assets(1) |
11,199 | 19,077 | 66,894 | 72,267 | 77,014 | |||||||||||||||
Cellular lines in service (thousands): |
||||||||||||||||||||
Prepaid subscribers |
1,465 | 4,450 | 9,488 | 15,806 | 18,725 | |||||||||||||||
Postpaid subscribers |
648 | 822 | 974 | 1,160 | 1,342 | |||||||||||||||
Total |
2,113 | 5,272 | 10,462 | 16,965 | 20,067 | |||||||||||||||
Subscriber growth during preceding 12 months |
89.8 | % | 149.4 | % | 98.4 | % | 62.2 | % | 18.3 | % | ||||||||||
Cellular penetration(3) |
2.2 | % | 5.4 | % | 10.7 | % | 16.9 | % | 19.7 | % | ||||||||||
Percentage of population covered(4) |
80.6 | % | 82.3 | % | 86.3 | % | 89.9 | % | 89.9 | % | ||||||||||
Average monthly minutes of use per subscriber during preceding 12 months |
96 | 90 | 86 | 73 | 67 | |||||||||||||||
Cellular call minutes for the preceding 12 months (millions). |
1,784 | 3,513 | 7,891 | 11,677 | 15,062 | |||||||||||||||
Employees |
2,532 | 4,510 | 6,452 | 7,644 | 7,943 |
(1) | In millions of constant pesos as of December 31, 2002. |
(2) | In constant pesos as of December 31, 2002. Average for the year of the amount obtained each month by dividing service revenues by the number of customers. The figure includes both prepaid and postpaid customers and excludes equipment sales revenue. |
(3) | Number of Telcel cellular lines in service divided by the population of Mexico. |
(4) | Percentage of population that can access Telcels cellular telephone signal. |
The business of Telcel is subject to comprehensive regulation and oversight by the Mexican Communications Ministry, the Federal Telecommunications Commission (Comisión Federal de Telecomunicaciones or Cofetel) and the Federal Competition Commission (Comisión Federal de Competencia or COFECO). The Communications Ministry is part of the executive branch of the Mexican federal government, and Cofetel is an independent agency of the Communications Ministry. COFECO is an independent agency of the Ministry of Economy. Regulation and oversight are governed by the General Communications Law, the Telecommunications Regulations adopted under such law, the Federal Law of Telecommunications, the Federal Economic Competition Law and the concessions and license agreements granted by the Communications Ministry. See Regulation.
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Services and Products
Voice Services
Telcel offers voice services under a variety of rate plans to meet the needs of different user segments. The rate plans are either postpaidwhere the customer is billed monthly for the previous monthor prepaid where the customer pays in advance for a specified volume of use over a specified period.
Telcels postpaid plans include the following charges:
| monthly charges, which usually include a number of free minutes of use, |
| usage charges, for usage in excess of the specified number of minutes included in the monthly charge, and |
| additional charges, including charges for voicemail, caller ID, call waiting, call blocking and general information. |
Certain plans include the cost of roaming and long-distance in the price per minute so that all calls within Mexico cost the same amount per minute. Some postpaid plans are designed for high and moderate usage subscribers, who are typically willing to pay higher monthly fees in exchange for larger blocks of free minutes, services such as voicemail, call forwarding, call waiting, caller ID and three-way calling, and lower per minute airtime charges under a single contract. To satisfy the more limited needs of low-usage postpaid subscribers, Telcel also offers plans which provide a moderately priced, fixed monthly charge coupled with a high per minute airtime charge and relatively few free minutes. Postpaid customers, which include many corporate accounts and professionals, often subscribe for additional digital services such as voicemail, call forwarding, call waiting, caller ID and three-way calling, which are all included in the monthly fee. In 2002, approximately 39.6% of Telcels operating revenues were derived from postpaid customers of Telcel.
Telcel adjusts its rates based on competitive conditions, inflation rates and international standards. In July 1998, Telcel increased its nominal rates for monthly charges by 7% and usage charges by 5%, and in April 1999, it increased its nominal rates for monthly charges by 12%. Rates for postpaid plans have not increased since April 1999 and are expected to remain stable as long as the Mexican economic environment remains stable. Telcel offers discounts that reduce the effective rates paid by its customers based on the time of use, so that calls made during off-peak hours (10 p.m. to 7 a.m. during the week or anytime on weekends) are less expensive than calls made during the remaining, or peak, hours.
Telcel also offers several prepaid plans, none of which includes activation or monthly charges. Prepaid customers purchase a prepaid card for a specific amount of airtime and also receive additional services such as voicemail and caller ID, although less comprehensive than those available under postpaid plans. Telcel began to offer cellular digital packet data (CDPD) services to prepaid customers in October 2001 and short message services (SMS) in January 2002. Prepaid customers typically generate low levels of cellular usage and are often unwilling to make a fixed financial commitment or do not have the credit profile to purchase postpaid plan cellular services. Prepaid plans serve the needs of distinct consumer segments such as the youth market, families, customers with variable income who otherwise would not be able to obtain service due to their credit profile, and customers who prefer to pay in cash. Prepaid customers also include parents who wish to control costs for their children. In 2002, approximately 60.4% of Telcels operating revenues were generated by prepaid customers of Telcel.
The number of Telcels prepaid customers grew by 18.5% in the 12-month period ended December 31, 2002, compared with a growth rate of 15.7% in postpaid subscribers. Telcel believes the prepaid market represents a large and growing under-penetrated market and an opportunity to improve margins because compared to the average postpaid plan, prepaid plans involve higher average per minute airtime charges, lower cost to acquire subscribers and no billing costs, credit or payment risk. However, prepaid customers on average
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have substantially lower minutes of use than postpaid customers and do not pay monthly fees and, as a result, generate substantially lower average monthly revenues per customer.
Mexico uses the calling party pays system for cellular service, under which subscribers only pay for outgoing calls. This replaced mobile party pays, under which subscribers also paid for incoming calls, in May 1999. Subscribers have the option of retaining the mobile party pays system but must change their cellular telephone number to do so.
Data Services
Message services
Telcel began to offer data services in the form of one-way short message services (1W-SMS) to its postpaid customers in April 1998. 1W-SMS offers a one-way paging service as well as a variety of information services pre-selected by customers, including weather reports, financial quotes and entertainment news. In 2002, Telcel began to offer two-way paging services (SMS), allowing its prepaid and postpaid customers to send and receive short text messages using TDMA and GSM technology.
Internet
Wireless application protocol (WAP) is a global standard designed to make Internet services available to mobile telephone users. At present, services available through WAP include e-mail, data and information services and electronic commerce transactions. The standard allows a micro browser in a mobile phone to link into a gateway service in Telcels network enabling users to scroll through different pages of information on the Internet.
Telcel launched its WAP gateway for the major cities in all nine regions in Mexico in September 2000, enabling its prepaid and postpaid users in those regions to access e-mail, banking, a variety of reservation and other types of electronic commerce services. In September 2001, Telcel introduced its Datum Internet website, allowing customers to access various services such as e-mail and financial news through a PDA connected to a wireless modem.
Data transmission
In September 2000, Telcel rolled out a data service network based on the cellular digital packet data (CDPD) platform available to postpaid subscribers in the major cities in all nine regions. As of November 2001, these services were available to Telcels prepaid customers. The CDPD network is a packet-switched network that takes advantage of the fact that, in many data applications, information is sent in bursts of activity, with intermittent quiet periods. Unlike data services carried over circuit-switched analog or digital wireless networks, the CDPD platform provides a significantly more cost-effective means of sending data for the majority of applications, as it allows many users to share the network channel. Instead of dialing in, subscribers to the CDPD system always remain connected to a network service that provides access to packet data networks.
Telcels CDPD services are able to accommodate such industry-specific applications as:
| TelemetryWireless networks will allow companies such as gas and electric suppliers to track customer usage via wireless connection between the field meter and a central control. Telemetry can also be applied in medicine to monitor patients within and away from the hospital. |
| Wireless credit card validationTerminal equipment allows merchants to verify credit/debit cards. With CDPD, the validation terminals can remain online wirelessly, substantially reducing the time required to process a validation and eliminating the need for a separate telephone line at the verification |
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terminal. This can open up a variety of new applications in remote service industries, such as fast food and delivery. |
| Dispatch applicationsCourier companies, delivery companies, and companies with large field installation and repair groups use the CDPD technology to support their employees. Workers can be dispatched with detailed work orders, can access customer databases from the field and can close out work orders online. |
| Public safety applicationsStates and municipalities can use CDPD as the primary means of data communication with public safety vehicles. |
| Automated vehicle locationUtilizing a small device containing a CDPD modem and a global positioning system, or GPS, device, users can track vehicle fleets on the Internet, allowing rapid, cost-effective access to the information necessary to route and dispatch vehicles and packages. |
Telcel began to offer circuit switch data (CSD) to all its users and general packet radio services (GPRS) to its postpaid users through its new GSM network. Telcel extended its GPRS services to prepaid users in October 2002. See Wireless Network.
Products
Telcel offers a variety of products as complements to its wireless service, including handsets and accessories such as chargers, headsets, belt clips and batteries. As part of its basic prepaid service offering, Telcel provides new customers with an Amigo Kit, which includes a handset, a charger and other accessories at a subsidized price. New postpaid customers also receive a handset at a subsidized price.
In the past, Telcel has offered a variety of handset types, including analog, digital and dual-mode dual-band devices. Most of the handsets that Telcel currently offers are dual-mode dual-band, which can operate in both analog and digital modes and can switch between the 800 and 1900 megahertz radio spectrums.
Interconnection
Telcel earns interconnection revenues from any call to one of its subscribers, or to a roaming subscriber of another cellular service provider located within the region covered by Telcel, that originates with another service provider (cellular or fixed). Telcel charges the service provider from whose network the call originates an interconnection charge for every minute Telcels network is used in connection with the call. The current interconnection charge in Mexico for calls made from a fixed line to a cellular line or from a cellular line to another cellular line is Ps.1.90 per minute. The current interconnection charge for calls made from a cellular line to a fixed line, which Telcel pays to Telmex, is U.S.$0.00975 per minute.
Telcel has interconnection agreements with Telmex and other service providers. The interconnection agreements specify a number of connection points, locations of interconnection points, the method by which signals must be transmitted and received and the costs and fees of interconnection. See RegulationInterconnection.
Roaming
Telcel offers international roaming services to its subscribers. Subscribers paying the international roaming fees are able to roam outside of Mexico, using the networks of cellular service providers with which Telcel has entered into roaming agreements. Telcel has entered into 160 such agreements covering TDMA and GSM networks around the world. Roaming payments are channeled through Telecommunication Services International for TDMA and Electronic Data Systems Corporation for GSM, which function as central international clearing houses that collect and redistribute roaming fees from and to the participating providers.
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Marketing
Telcel develops customer awareness through its marketing and promotion efforts and high-quality customer care. It builds upon the strength of its well-recognized brand name to increase consumer awareness and customer loyalty, employing continuous advertising efforts through print, radio, television, sponsorship of sports events and other outdoor advertising campaigns. In addition, Telcel employs concentrated advertising efforts to promote specific products and services such as the Amigo Kit and its Internet services.
Telcel targets groups of customers who share common characteristics or have common needs. Telcel then assembles a packet of services that meets the particular needs of that targeted group through one of its various pricing plans. As part of its promotional efforts, Telcel offers its new prepaid and postpaid subscribers a free or subsidized handset when they subscribe, which the postpaid customers may keep when their service agreement expires.
Telcel has designed promotional packages, including free handsets and low monthly fees, to encourage new customers and current prepaid customers to subscribe to postpaid plans that include services such as voicemail, call waiting and caller ID.
Sales and Distribution
Telcel markets its wireless services primarily through exclusive distributors located throughout Mexico. In the year ended December 31, 2002, approximately 80% of Telcels sales of handsets were generated by the cellular distributors, with approximately 17% from sales in company-owned stores, and approximately 3% from direct sales to corporate accounts. Telcel also sells and distributes its products and services over the Internet.
Telcel has relationships with a broad network of approximately 893 exclusive distributors, who sell Telcels services and products and receive commissions. Telcel operates permanent training and evaluation programs for distributors to help maintain the level of service quality.
Telcels company-owned retail stores offer one-stop shopping for a variety of cellular services and products. Walk-in customers can subscribe for postpaid plans, purchase prepaid cards and purchase handsets and accessories. Company-owned stores also serve as points of customer service and payment centers. Telcel owns and operates 124 customer sales and service centers throughout the nine regions and will continue to open new service centers in order to offer its products directly to subscribers in more effective ways.
In addition, Telcel distributes prepaid cards and handsets, the latter as part of Amigo kits consisting of handsets and free airtime ranging from 20 to 200 minutes, through distributors that include Telmex and its network of retail outlets. Telmex purchases the Telcel prepaid cards and handsets on the commercial terms given to other cellular distributors.
To service the needs of its large corporate and other high-usage customers, Telcel has a dedicated corporate sales group.
Billing and Collection
Telcel bills its postpaid customers through monthly invoices, which detail itemized charges such as usage, services such as voicemail, call forwarding, call waiting, caller ID and three-way calling, and long-distance and roaming charges. Customers may pay their bills with a credit card, through a bank (including its Internet website), in person at Telcel retail stores and, since July 2001, through Telcels Internet website.
If a postpaid customers payment is overdue, service may be suspended until full payment for all outstanding charges is received. If the subscribers payment is more than 60 days past due, service may be discontinued. Accounts that are more than 90 days past due are considered doubtful accounts.
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A prepaid customer who purchases a prepaid card has 60 days from the date of activation of the card to use the airtime. After 60 days, the customer can no longer use that airtime for outgoing calls unless he activates a new card. After 180 days, unless the customer activates a new card, the service is discontinued and the balance on the card, if any, is recognized as revenue.
Customer Service
Telcel places a high priority on providing its customers with quality customer care and support. Approximately 44.5% of Telcels employees are dedicated to customer service. Customers may call a toll-free telephone number or go to one of the customer sales and service centers located throughout the nine regions for inquiries regarding their service or plan options. In addition, using Telcels website, subscribers may learn about the various offered rate plans, products and promotions, as well as subscribe for additional services.
Wireless Network
Telcels wireless networks use principally digital technologies. As a proportion of total traffic, digital traffic measured 68.6% in December 2002. Over the last seven years, Telcel has converted its network from analog to digital and most of its customers have migrated to digital service. Telcel uses time division multiple access (TDMA) digital technology in the 800 megahertz (Band B) and the 1900 megahertz (Band D) frequency spectra. TDMA is a digital technology that divides radio spectrum into assigned time slots to transmit signals. In October 2002 Telcel launched a new network using global system for mobile communications (GSM) digital technology in the 1900 megahertz (Band B) frequency spectrum. GSM is a digital standard used in Europe, North America and elsewhere. Because it is so widely used, it provides higher quality and faster availability of new products and services and a wider variety of suppliers than does TDMA technology. In addition, GSM provides access to a better developed path toward third generation wireless technologies.
An alternative digital technology, CDMA, divides radio spectrum using codes rather than time slots. Compared to TDMA and GSM, it permits more subscribers to use the same spectrum but is less mature and less well supported by suppliers. Because of GSMs advantages over both TDMA and CDMA technologies, Telcel considers developing a GSM network to be the logical step to maintaining its leadership in the wireless market.
TDMA network
Telcel has a nationwide TDMA network. TDMA permits the use of advanced dual-mode dual-band handsets that allow for roaming across analog and digital systems and across 800 megahertz and 1900 megahertz spectrums. TDMA digital technology also allows for enhanced services and features, such as short alphanumeric message service, extended battery life, added call security and improved voice quality. TDMA equipment is available from leading telecommunications vendors such as Lucent, Ericsson and Nortel.
GSM network
Telcel has built and installed a GSM network in the 1900 megahertz frequency spectrum in all nine regions in Mexico, which began commercial operation in October 2002. The new GSM network allows Telcel to augment its digital capacity and progress in its evolution toward the third generation of wireless technology. GSM technology supports a wide range of voice and data services, including CSD, high-speed CSD and GPRS, and is currently the most widely used and tested wireless system in the world. GSM technology is expected to yield global economies of scale in developing network equipment and handsets, as well as seamless global roaming capabilities.
In its first stage, Telcels GSM network offers service in all nine regions, but does not provide coverage in all cities in those regions. As of December 31, 2002, Telcel covered 70 cities with the GSM network, and
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Telcels GSM subscriber base amounted to approximately 500,000. As Telcel continues to roll out the GSM network, it plans to expand GSM coverage throughout the nine regions. Telcel expects that many customers will choose GSM equipment when they replace their existing TDMA equipment.
CDPD technology
The cellular digital packet data (CDPD) platform is an industry standard that allows most applications written for the Internet as well as many corporate applications to run efficiently over the network without modification. Using CDPD, data files and transactions are divided into small packets and sent on a dedicated wireless channel. In many data applications, data is sent in bursts with intermittent quiet periods. Packet transmission technologies take advantage of this fact and allow user data to be efficiently carried on the same network channel. As a result, relative to data services carried over circuit-switched analog or digital wireless networks, the packet-switched CDPD service is a significantly more cost-effective means of sending data for the majority of applications because it allows many users to share the same channel. The use of packet switching capabilities on existing digital networks through CDPD is considered to be the first level of the transitional stage in the wireless industry between second and third generation technologies, referred to as 2.5G. Telcel rolled out its CDPD service in all nine regions using its TDMA network in September 2000.
CSD and HSCSD technology
Circuit switch data (CSD) is an alternative system based on circuit switch platforms that provides data services by integrating the existing voice infrastructure. Like CDPD, CSD is considered to be the first level of 2.5G technology.
High-speed CSD (HSCSD) offers the same service as CSD, using voice channels for data transmission, but by joining several slots of information it offers increased capacity and speed, making it better suited to the needs of users transmitting large amounts of information. Telcel plans to offer CSD as well as HSCSD services in all nine regions through its new GSM network.
GPRS technology
General packet radio services (GPRS) is a system for the transmission of data in packets using the GSM platform. It allows for the high-speed transmission of information and accommodates a variety of handsets, offering some third generation services but using different bands, hardware and software. GPRS allows GSM operators to offer new Internet protocol services and provide more attractive Wireless Internet Applications to a wide group of users. It offers customers efficient access to the Internet, allowing several users to share the same air-interface resources. Operators using GPRS are able to charge their customers based on the amount of transferred data rather than airtime, making GPRS a more attractive option for short transmissions of data. GPRS is similar to the CDPD technology offered through Telcels TDMA network, but it allows greater capacity than CDPD. Together with CSD and HSCSD services, GPRS services allow Telcels GSM subscribers to select data services suited to their specific needs.
Third generation development strategy
Third generation technologies will provide high-speed wireless packet data services and ultimately voice services over the Internet. Any successful third generation strategy must allow the wireless provider to achieve a pervasive footprint quickly and cost effectively and on a global scale through international roaming capacities. While third generation networks are currently under development and evaluation, transitional technologies including CDPD, CSD and GSM/GPRS have begun to bridge the gap between second and third generation technologies by offering enhanced high-speed data services.
Telcel is considering choosing enhanced data rates for global evolution (EDGE) as the intergeneration wireless architecture that will facilitate its ultimate deployment of third generation technology. One benefit of
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EDGE is that it can be deployed in existing spectrum. As customers upgrade their equipment to EDGE, Telcel expects that all the applications developed and deployed today will be able to operate at higher speeds and in more places. EDGE is currently being developed by Ericsson, Nokia, Nortel, Lucent and Motorola.
The evolution from 2.5G to third generation technology is expected to make wireless networks capable of transmitting voice, data and video over a single network. The wireless industry has recently agreed to converge towards a common standard called wideband CDMA (W-CDMA) for the development of third generation technology. W-CDMA offers configurations that allow multifaceted processing and enable the transmission of large volumes of data, such as video data, at high speeds.
As part of its strategic evaluation concerning the deployment of EDGE technology, Telcel is engaged in discussions with suppliers and plans to test the technology with heavy-use or corporate users. Telcel expects to launch EDGE with the existing cellular or PCS technologies, and migrate to the W-CDMA third generation technology once a new set of broadband frequencies is made available by Cofetel.
Spectrum
Telcel currently holds concessions in each of the nine regions of Mexico in both the 800 megahertz and 1900 megahertz radio spectrums and is the only wireless provider in Mexico with a functioning nationwide network. Two other companies also hold concessions for nationwide service using the 1900 megahertz spectrum. While Cofetel has not indicated which frequency spectrum it will auction to deploy the third generation technology system or when such auction will occur, Telcel expects to actively participate in such auction if and when it occurs to ensure that its network meets the consumer demand and that we retain our leading competitive position.
Fixed Wireless
Fixed wireless technology provides wireline quality voice telephony available over cellular networks. Voice channels are delivered over the existing telephone wiring within the residence or small business premises, allowing customers to utilize their existing telephones.
Telcel provides fixed wireless voice services to, among others, Telmexs Ladafon shared telephone network, under which a line is available for public use by the residents of multi-unit dwellings. Telephone service is provided at a discount through existing wire lines within the residential premises, which are then connected to Telcels cellular network. Telcel also provides fixed wireless service to Telmexs Ladatel public telephone network.
Property
Telcels wireless network includes transport and computer equipment, as well as exchange and transmission equipment consisting primarily of switches (which set up and route telephone calls either to the number called or to the next switch along the path, and which may also record information for billing and control purposes), cellular base stations (radio transmitters or receivers that maintain communications with the cellular telephones within given geographical areas or cells), microcells (small cells covered by low-power base stations) and local links and repeaters (equipment for radio or fiberoptic transmission between network elements). Telcel owns all of its network equipment. Telcel owns certain properties for commercial and administrative offices, the installation of some of its equipment and 124 customer sales and service centers, while it leases other locations. Telcel operates certain equipment on Telmex property under a co-location agreement. See Related Party Transactions under Item 7.
Telcel currently relies on Ericsson for the supply of more than 60% (measured in terms of cost) of its switch and cell site equipment. Telcel purchases handsets and other customer equipment primarily from the major vendors, including Nokia, Sony-Ericsson, Motorola, Siemens and Samsung.
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Competition
Telcel faces competition from other cellular providers using the 800 megahertz (Band A) spectrum in each of the regions in which we operate, and the Mexican government has granted PCS licenses to other carriers that are in the process of developing wireless service on the 1900 megahertz (Bands A, D and F) spectrum. Telcels competitors in Mexico include Grupo Iusacell, S.A. de C.V. (which is controlled by Verizon Wireless and Vodafone), Movistar (a brand used by a group of companies controlled by Telefónica Móviles S.A. de C.V., an affiliate of the Telefónica Group of Spain) and Operadora Unefon, S.A. de C.V. According to Cofetel, Telcels share of the Mexican cellular market was approximately 77.4% at December 31, 2002.
Concessions in the same nine regions have also been granted to permit the provision of PCS services using the A, B, D and E bands. Telcel uses Band D to provide PCS services and competes with other PCS services providers using the A, B and E bands in each of the nine regions.
The effects of competition on Telcel depend, in part, on the business strategies of its competitors and the general economic and business climate in Mexico, including demand growth, interest rates, inflation and exchange rates. The effects could include loss of market share and pressure to reduce rates. Telcel believes that its strategies to meet competition will continue to help limit its loss of market share and that any loss of market share will be partly offset by increasing demand.
Regulation
Set forth below is a summary of certain provisions of the General Communications Law, the Telecommunications Law, the Telecommunications Regulations and the various concessions held by Telcel.
General
The General Communications Law, the Telecommunications Law and the Telecommunications Regulations provide the general legal framework for the regulation of telecommunications services in Mexico. The Telecommunications Law replaced certain provisions of the General Communications Law, and only those provisions of the General Communications Law not opposed to the Telecommunications Law remain in effect. Other regulations implementing particular provisions of the Telecommunications Law have been adopted or are pending. The objectives of the Telecommunications Law are to promote the efficient development of the telecommunications industry, to encourage fair competition in the provision of quality, low-priced services and to assure satisfactory breadth of coverage of the Mexican population.
Under the Telecommunications Law, an operator of public telecommunications networks, such as Telcel, must operate under a concession granted by the Communications Ministry. Such a concession may only be granted to a Mexican citizen or corporation and may not be transferred or assigned without the approval of the Communications Ministry. A concession to provide services which utilize electro-magnetic frequencies, such as cellular telecommunications services, may have a term of up to twenty years and may be extended for additional terms of equal duration.
The Telecommunications Law requires public telecommunications concessionaires to establish open network architecture which permits interconnection and interoperability. Operators of private networks that do not use electro-magnetic frequencies or provide services to the public are not required to obtain a concession, permit or registration.
In October 2001, the Mexican Congress announced the beginning of a process to reform the Federal Telecommunications Law. Some of the proposals that have been discussed, such as strengthening the regulatory power of Cofetel, stimulating increased investment in telecommunications and increasing competition, could have a material effect on our operations. We are unable to predict whether or when such amendments may be implemented and, if implemented, their effect on our business.
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Regulatory Oversight
The Communications Ministry is the government agency principally responsible for regulating telecommunications services. The Ministrys approval is required for any change in Telcels bylaws. It also has broad powers to monitor Telcels compliance with the concessions, and it can require Telcel to supply it with such technical, administrative and financial information as it may request. Telcel is required to publish its annual network expansion program, and Telcel must advise the Ministry of the progress of its expansion and modernization program on a quarterly basis.
The Telecommunications Law provided for the establishment of an administrative agency, Cofetel, to regulate the telecommunications industry. Cofetel commenced operations in August 1996. It is an independent agency within the Communications Ministry, with four commissioners appointed by the Communications Ministry on behalf of the President of Mexico, one of whom is appointed as chairman. Many of the powers and obligations of the Communications Ministry under the Telecommunications Law and the Telecommunications Regulations have been delegated to Cofetel.
The Telecommunications Law gives certain rights to the Government in its relations with concessionaires, including the right to take over the management of Telcels networks, facilities and personnel in cases of imminent danger to national security, internal peace or the national economy, natural disasters and public unrest. The General Communications Law also provides that Telcel may not sell or transfer any of its assets unless it gives the Government a right of first refusal. If the Government declines to exercise its right, Telcels unions also have a right of first refusal.
The Telecommunications Law provides that if a company is determined to be dominant in a relevant market according to the Federal Law of Economic Competition, the Communications Ministry has the power to adopt specific regulations on rates, quality of service and information provided by a dominant provider. To date, Telcel has not been declared a dominant provider, although there can be no assurance that such a determination will not be made in the future.
Rates
The Telecommunications Law provides that concessionaires may freely determine the rates for telecommunications services. Cellular rates are not subject to a price cap or any other form of price regulation. However, Telcel and other cellular carriers operating in Mexico are required to disclose their rates for cellular service to the Communications Ministry. The Communications Ministry is authorized to impose specific rate requirements on any operator that is determined to have substantial market power under the Federal Law of Economic Competition. Although no such determination has been made with respect to the market for cellular telecommunications services, there can be no assurance that such a determination will not be made in the future.
Concessions
Telcel operates under several different concessions covering particular frequencies and regions. It holds nine separate regional concessions, which together cover all of Mexico, to provide cellular telecommunications services using the 800 megahertz (Band B) radio spectrum. It also holds nationwide concessions to use the 1900 megahertz (Band D) radio spectrum and a related concession to provide cellular telecommunications services on that frequency. The Band B concessions require Telcel to pay fees determined as a percentage of gross revenues derived from the concessioned services. The percentage is 5% for the Mexico City area and between 5% and 10% elsewhere. The 1900 megahertz concessions were purchased for a fixed amount in 1998 and do not require Telcel to pay continuing fees.
The eight Band B concessions covering regions other than the Mexico City area were granted for initial terms of twenty years that will expire in 2010 and 2011. The Band B concession covering the Mexico City area
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(Region 9) was renewed effective October 2000 for a term of fifteen years that will expire in October 2015. The 1900 megahertz concessions were granted in 1998 for an initial term of 20 years that will expire in 2018.
In December 2002, the Communications Ministry granted Telcel a new concession to install, operate and exploit a telecommunications network to provide national and international long distance services, as well as data transmission services. The concession was granted for an initial term of 15 years, and it is subject to extension for an additional 15-year period. The concession limits Telcel to provide the services to its wireless subscribers for the first two years, which term can be extended by COFETEL.
Expansion and Modernization Requirements
Telcels concessions impose a number of requirements for expansion and modernization of its network. The concessions establish certain minimum network capacities that Telcel must achieve, to extend service coverage to a targeted percentage of population. We are in compliance with these requirements.
Service Quality Requirements
The concessions also set forth extensive requirements for the quality and continuity of Telcels service, including, in some cases, maximum rates of incomplete and dropped calls and connection time. Due to the fast growth in cellular services, Telcel, like all Mexican cellular carriers, has faced some service problems, as a result of which Cofetel adopted a resolution giving cellular users certain bonus time during April and May of 2000. Service problems have not, however, had any material adverse regulatory impact. Telcel monitors service quality for compliance with the requirements of the concessions and has shown marked improvement according to recent measurements conducted by Cofetel.
Competition
The Telecommunications Regulations and the concessions contain various provisions designed to introduce competition in the provision of communications services. In general, the Communications Ministry is authorized to grant concessions to other parties for the provision of any of the services provided by Telcel under the concessions.
Interconnection
Terms of interconnection (including fees) are negotiated between Telcel and other public telecommunications providers. In the event they are unable to agree, the Communications Ministry may impose terms on Telcel and the other public telecommunications networks. The current interconnection charge payable to us by another operator for a call from its customer to our cellular line is Ps.1.90 per minute. The current interconnection charge for calls made from a cellular line to a fixed line, which Telcel pays to Telmex, is U.S.$0.00975 per minute.
Termination of the Concessions
The General Communications Law and the concessions include various provisions under which the concessions may be terminated before their scheduled expiration dates. Under the General Communications Law, the Communications Ministry may cause early termination of any of the concessions in certain cases, including:
| failure to expand telephone services at the rate specified in the concession; |
| interruption of all or a material part of the services provided by Telcel; |
| transfer or assignment without Ministry approval of the concession or any asset used to provide service; |
| violation of the prohibition against ownership of shares of Telcel by foreign states; |
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| any material modification of the nature of Telcels services without prior Ministry approval; and |
| breach of certain other obligations under the General Communications Law. |
In addition, the concessions provide for early termination by the Communications Ministry following administrative proceedings in the event of:
| a material and continuing violation of any of the conditions set forth in the concessions; |
| material failure to meet any of the service expansion requirements under the concessions; |
| material failure to meet any of the requirements under the concession for improvement in the quality of service; |
| engagement in any telecommunications business not authorized under the concession and requiring prior approval of the Communications Ministry; |
| following notice and a cure period, failure without just cause to allow other concessionaires to interconnect their networks to Telcels network; or |
| bankruptcy of Telcel. |
The General Communications Law provides that in the event of early termination of one of Telcels cellular concessions, all assets that are the subject of such concession would revert to the Government without compensation to Telcel. In the event of early termination of one of Telcels PCS concessions, the Government would have the option to purchase the equipment, installations and other assets used directly for the exploitation of the frequencies which are the subject of such concession. There is doubt as to whether the provisions of the concessions and the Telecommunications Regulations regarding the consequences of expiration of the concessions would apply to mitigate the provisions of the General Communications Law in the event of early termination. In the case of foreign investors, NAFTA and other similar international treaties require compensation as mitigation for provisions of the General Communications Law that could result in measures tantamount to expropriation.
Speedy Móvil
Speedy Móvil, S.A. de C.V. is a Mexican company that develops mobile data solutions for SMS, wireless internet (WAP) and voice-activated data applications for Telcel and our other subsidiaries and investments. We own an 85% interest in Speedy Móvil and Ericsson owns the remaining 15% interest. Under the terms of a joint venture agreement with Ericsson, we are committed to provide U.S.$8.5 million in capital contributions to the company as its needs arise, of which we have contributed nearly U.S.$3.5 million.
In addition to developing mobile data applications, Speedy Móvil evaluates content and application providers and enters into contracts with them in order to provide our wireless providers with content and applications. No concessions or licenses are necessary for Speedy Móvils operations.
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We have subsidiaries in the telecommunications sector in Brazil, Guatemala, Colombia, Ecuador, Argentina, the United States, Uruguay and Nicaragua. Our principal subsidiaries are described below. The revenues of our subsidiaries other than Telcel represented 29% of our consolidated revenues for 2002.
In addition, we expect to have opportunities to invest in other telecommunications companies outside Mexico, especially in the United States and in Latin America, because we believe that the telecommunications sector will continue to be characterized by growth, technological change and consolidation. We may take advantage of these opportunities through direct investments or other strategic alliances. We can give no assurance as to the extent, timing or cost of future international investments, and such investments may involve risks to which we have not previously been exposed.
The following table sets forth financial and operating information for our non-Mexican operations for the periods indicated. For some countries, as specified in the notes to the table, we have included data for periods prior to dates on which we acquired these operations. We provide this information to show the trends in these businesses, but it is not reflected in our financial statements, which consolidate each operation from the date on which we acquired it.
December 31, |
|||||||||||
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
|||||||||
(constant pesos as of December 31, 2002, except lines in service and employees) |
|||||||||||
Telecom Americas(1) (Brazil) |
|||||||||||
Consolidated operating revenues from continuing operations (millions) |
Ps. | 7,470 | Ps. | 7,060 | |||||||
Average monthly revenues per subscriber during preceding |
Ps. | 143 | Ps. | 118 | |||||||
Operating loss (millions) |
Ps. | (4,928 | ) | Ps. | (108 | ) | |||||
Total assets (millions) |
Ps. | 29,386 | Ps. | 40,260 | |||||||
Cellular lines in service (thousands): |
|||||||||||
Prepaid |
3,647 | 4,392 | |||||||||
Postpaid |
686 | 800 | |||||||||
Employees |
3,733 | 3,679 | |||||||||
Telgua(3) (Guatemala) |
|||||||||||
Combined operating revenues (millions) |
Ps. | 3,810 | Ps. | 4,238 | Ps. | 4,444 | |||||
Average monthly revenues per subscriber during preceding |
Ps. | 232 | Ps. | 159 | Ps. | 161 | |||||
Operating income (millions) |
Ps. | 302 | Ps. | 1,292 | Ps. | 1,202 | |||||
Total assets (millions) |
Ps. | 9,088 | Ps. | 11,238 | Ps. | 11,326 | |||||
Lines in service (thousands): |
|||||||||||
Fixed |
647 | 715 | 804 | ||||||||
Cellular |
261 | 420 | 628 | ||||||||
Prepaid |
179 | 371 | 567 | ||||||||
Postpaid |
82 | 49 | 61 | ||||||||
Employees |
|||||||||||
Fixed |
3,209 | 2,844 | 2,604 | ||||||||
Cellular |
325 | 361 | 412 | ||||||||
Comcel (Colombia)(4) |
|||||||||||
Combined operating revenues (millions) |
Ps. | 2,005 | Ps. | 2,849 | Ps. | 3,595 | |||||
Average monthly revenues per subscriber during preceding |
Ps. | 209 | Ps. | 145 | Ps. | 137 |
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December 31, |
||||||||||||
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
||||||||||
(constant pesos as of December 31, 2002, except lines in service and employees) |
||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) (millions) |
Ps. | 64 | Ps. | (341 | ) | Ps. | 244 | |||||
Total assets (millions) |
Ps. | 10,051 | Ps. | 9,984 | Ps. | 9,019 | ||||||
Cellular lines in service (thousands): |
||||||||||||
Prepaid |
740 | 1,451 | 1,926 | |||||||||
Postpaid |
290 | 433 | 896 | |||||||||
Employees |
1,342 | 1,207 | 1,223 | |||||||||
Conecel (Ecuador)(5) |
||||||||||||
Operating revenues (millions) |
Ps. | 469 | Ps. | 683 | Ps. | 1,277 | ||||||
Average monthly revenues per subscriber during preceding |
Ps. | 153 | Ps. | 134 | Ps. | 122 | ||||||
Operating income (loss) (millions) |
Ps. | (356 | ) | Ps. | (8 | ) | Ps. | 164 | ||||
Total assets (millions) |
Ps. | 1,794 | Ps. | 1,933 | Ps. | 2,254 | ||||||
Cellular lines in service (thousands): |
||||||||||||
Prepaid |
207 | 418 | 846 | |||||||||
Postpaid |
48 | 66 | 77 | |||||||||
Employees |
885 | 878 | 903 | |||||||||
Techtel (Argentina) |
||||||||||||
Operating revenues (millions) |
Ps. | 29 | Ps. | 242 | Ps. | 162 | ||||||
Operating loss (millions) |
Ps. | (77 | ) | Ps. | (294 | ) | Ps. | (101 | ) | |||
Total assets (millions) |
Ps. | 1,179 | Ps. | 1,267 | Ps. | 779 | ||||||
Employees |
249 | 342 | 323 | |||||||||
TracFone (United States) |
||||||||||||
Operating revenues (millions) |
Ps. | 1,991 | Ps. | 4,208 | Ps. | 4,258 | ||||||
Average monthly revenues per subscriber during preceding |
Ps. | 318 | Ps. | 201 | Ps. | 161 | ||||||
Operating loss (millions) |
Ps. | (1,780 | ) | Ps. | (1,366 | ) | Ps. | (262 | ) | |||
Total assets (millions) |
Ps. | 2,082 | Ps. | 1,436 | Ps. | 1,246 | ||||||
Cellular lines in service (thousands): |
||||||||||||
Prepaid |
1,136 | 1,913 | 1,968 | |||||||||
Employees |
1,128 | 646 | 466 |
(1) | No information is provided for 2000 since Telecom Americas was formed in November 2000 and information would not be comparable. Financial information is presented as if the acquisition of Tess had occurred on January 1, 2001, and all assets transferred by Telecom Americas pursuant to the 2002 restructuring are treated as discontinued operations. Accordingly, continuing operations consist of Tess, ATL, Telet and Americel. We began consolidating Telecom Americas in July 2002. Excludes BSE, which was acquired in May 2003. |
(2) | Average for the year of the amount obtained each month by dividing service revenues by the number of customers. The figure includes both prepaid and postpaid customers and excludes equipment sales revenue. |
(3) | We began consolidating Telgua in April 2000. |
(4) | Includes Comcel and Occel but excludes Celcaribe, which was acquired in February 2003. We began consolidating Comcel and Occel in February 2002. |
(5) | We began consolidating Conecel in April 2000. |
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Telecom Americas (Brazil)
Telecom Americas Ltd. owns investments in five operating companies in the wireless telecommunications sector in Brazil and has recently acquired three licenses to operate in other regions in Brazil. We currently own approximately 97% of Telecom Americas and a financial investor owns the balance. Telecom Americas was organized in November 2000 as a joint venture among Bell Canada International Inc. (BCI), SBC International, Inc. (SBCI) and us. In 2002, we acquired control of Telecom Americas pursuant to the transactions described below.
History
Telecom Americas was established as a joint venture in November 2000. Under the joint venture agreement:
| América Móvil contributed to Telecom Americas its 25% interest in ATL-Algar Telecom Leste S.A., a Brazilian Band B wireless operator, and approximately U.S.$1.17 billion in promissory notes and cash. In addition, we agreed to contribute our interests in Techtel-LMDS Comunicaciones Interactivas S.A. and Telstar S.A., broadband wireless operators in Argentina. These interests were contributed in August 2001. |
| BCI contributed to Telecom Americas its economic interests in Comcel and Occel; Americel S.A. and Telet S.A., Brazilian Band B wireless operators; Canbrás Communications Corp., a Brazilian cable television and Internet access service provider; and Genesis Telecom, C.A., a Venezuelan broadband wireless operator. In addition, BCI contributed approximately U.S.$964 million in promissory notes. |
| SBCI contributed to Telecom Americas a portion of its interest in ATL and agreed to contribute the remaining portion upon the expiration or removal of restrictions in Brazil. |
In a series of transactions in 2001:
| Telecom Americas increased its economic ownership interests in each of Americel and Telet to 77.4% and 77.5%, respectively. |
| Telecom Americas acquired 19.9% of the voting shares and 100% of the non-voting preferred shares of Tess S.A., a Brazilian Band B wireless operator in the state of São Paulo. |
Telecom Americas was reorganized in February 2002. In concurrent transactions in February 2002:
| We acquired Telecom Americas 77.1% interest in Comcel and Occel. |
| We paid U.S.$80 million in cash. |
| We sold our 50% interest in ATL to Telecom Americas. |
| BCI acquired Telecom Americas 75.6% interest in Canbrás. |
| We acquired Telecom Americas interest in Techtel and Telstar. |
| Telecom Americas transferred its 59% interest in Genesis equally to BCI and América Móvil. |
In July 2002, we acquired all of BCIs shares of Telecom Americas. We paid $364 million for the shares, of which $194 million was paid in 2002 and the remainder was paid in March 2003. Also in July 2002, we acquired SBCIs interest in Telecom Americas pursuant to a transaction in which we also sold our 50% interest in Cellular Communications of Puerto Rico, Inc. to SBCI.
In April 2002, Telecom Americas issued to a financial investor 1,844 nonvoting convertible preferred shares, representing 6.9% of the capital stock of Telecom Americas at the time of issuance. The preferred shares may be converted to common shares at the holders option at any time. The preferred shares are entitled to dividends per share equal to 1.5 times the amount of any dividends per share declared on the common shares, and
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to preference over the common shares in the return of capital upon liquidation up to an aggregate amount of U.S.$300 million. The preferred shares have no voting rights and no right to representation on the board of directors. A holder has the right to require that its shares be included for sale in a registered offering by Telecom Americas, including demand registration rights exercisable beginning in 2006, and in some circumstances to require that its shares be included if we sell more than 20% of the shares of Telecom Americas. Holders have the right to sell half of the shares to us beginning in 2006 at a price based on the amount of the liquidation preference for such shares plus interest at a nominal interest rate, and we have the right to acquire half of the shares at the same price beginning in 2006 and until July 31, 2007.
Business Overview
Telecom Americas wireless properties in Brazil include ATL, Tess, Telet and Americel, and since May 2003, BSE. All of these companies are licensed to operate under the PCS (Serviço Móvel Pessoal) regime, having changed in 2003 from the Band B regime under which they previously were licensed. ATL operates in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo; Tess operates in the state of São Paulo (other than the city and metropolitan region of São Paulo); Telet operates in the state of Rio Grande do Sul; and Americel operates in seven states in the central-west and northern regions of Brazil. As of December 31, 2002, these companies together served approximately 5.2 million subscribers and covered approximately 60 million licensed points of presence (POPs).
In November 2002, Telecom Americas, through its recently incorporated wholly owned subsidiaries, Alecan Telecomunicações Ltda., Stemar Telecomunicações Ltda. and Albra Telecomunicações Ltda., was awarded three PCS licenses on the 1800 megahertz radio spectrum (Bands D and E). With these licenses, we are authorized to provide wireless services in certain municipalities located in the state of São Paulo (including metropolitan São Paulo) and the states of Santa Catarina, Paraná (excluding the municipalities of Londrina and Tamarana), Bahia and Sergipe, increasing our coverage in Brazil to 110 million POPs. These licenses do not have fixed termination dates and are regulated under the PCS regime. The cost of these licenses was Reais 429 million (approximately Ps.1.2 billion), of which Reais 150.5 million has been paid and the remainder is payable in six equal annual installments starting November 2005. These payments bear interest at a rate of 12% per annum and are subject to adjustment based on the Brazilian general price index. Telecom Americas plans to begin operations under these new licenses during 2003, offering services in all regions covered by the licenses and operating under a unified brand name.
In May 2003, we acquired 95% of the shares of BSE S.A. from a subsidiary of BellSouth Corporation and from holding companies of the Safra family. BSE provides mobile telecommunications services in the states of Ceará, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraiba, Pernambuco and Alagoas and has approximately one million subscribers. With the acquisition of BSE, our coverage increased to 135 million POPs. The net enterprise value of BSE used for the acquisition was U.S.$180 million.
The following table summarizes Telecom Americas principal operating companies and certain related operating data as of December 31, 2002 and for the year ended December 31, 2002.
Company |
Estimated Licensed POPs |
Total Subscribers |
Average Minutes of Use per Month |
Average Monthly Revenues per User(1) |
Monthly Churn(2) |
||||||
(millions) | (thousands) | ||||||||||
Telecom Americas |
|||||||||||
ATL |
17.5 | 2,106 | 98 | Ps.104 | 1.6 | % | |||||
Tess |
17.8 | 1,175 | 88 | 123 | 1.6 | % | |||||
Americel |
14.7 | 868 | 110 | 131 | 2.3 | % | |||||
Telet |
10.2 | 1,043 | 88 | 103 | 2.0 | % |
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(1) | Constant pesos as of December 31, 2002. Average for the year of the amount obtained each month by dividing service revenues by the number of customers. The figure includes both prepaid and postpaid customers and excludes equipment sales revenue. |
(2) | Churn rates represent the number of customers whose wireless service is discontinued during a period, whether voluntarily or involuntarily (such as when customers fail to pay their bills), divided by the average number of customers during the period. |
Telecom Americas principal operating companies are described below. Financial information provided for these operating companies has been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and restated in constant pesos as of December 31, 2002.
ATL
ATL-Algar Telecom Leste S.A. is a PCS-authorized company operating in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo in Brazil. América Móvil directly and through Telecom Americas indirectly holds a 97.4% economic interest in ATL. Telecom Americas interest in ATL was acquired by Telmex and SBCI in January 2000. In August 2001, América Móvil acquired the remaining economic interest in ATL from Williams Communications Group, Inc. for U.S.$398.4 million, paid in part in 2001 and in part in 2002. In the reorganization of Telecom Americas that closed on February 8, 2002, we transferred our interest in ATL to Telecom Americas. Árvore Telecom Participações, S.A., through its controlled company Algar Telecom Participações S.A., holds a controlling voting interest in ATL, which Telecom Americas has the right to acquire upon regulatory approval by the Agência Nacional de TelecomunicaçõesANATEL (Anatel).
ATL began operations in January 1999. ATLs cellular network uses TDMA digital technology and covers approximately 70% of the geographical area of Rio de Janeiro and 30% of the geographical area of Espírito Santo. ATLs network covers approximately 93% of the combined population of these states. At December 31, 2002, ATL had approximately 2.1 million subscribers and a 35.4% share of the wireless market in the states in which it operates. At December 31, 2002, ATL had 1,610 employees.
ATLs principal competitor is Telefônica do Brasil, a PCS-authorized company that operates in several regions in Brazil, including Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo, and that is owned by Telefónica of Spain. In early 2002, two holders of licenses under the PCS regime, Telecom Italia Mobile (TIM) and TNL PCS S.A. (Oi), which is controlled by Telemar, began providing services in ATLs geographic area. Nextel, a joint venture between Motorola and Nextel Communications, Inc., competes with ATL for private line service to the corporate segment in the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area.
On February 3, 2003, ATL switched its original Band B cellular concession, which was granted by Anatel in April 1998, for a 15-year PCS authorization covering the states of Rio de Janeiro (91 cities) and Espírito Santo (77 cities). This change will allow ATL to exercise an option to extend the life of the license for an additional 15 years, upon payment of a certain fee.
Tess
In April 2001, Telecom Americas, through its wholly owned subsidiary Telecom Americas Investments Ltd. (TAIL), acquired 19.9% of the voting shares and 97.4% of the non-voting preferred shares of Tess S.A., a PCS-authorized company operating in the state of São Paulo (other than the city and metropolitan region of São Paulo and certain other municipalities that Telecom Americas is authorized to cover through one of the recently acquired PCS licenses). On February 3, 2003, Tess switched its original Band B cellular concession granted by Anatel in March 1998 for a 15-year PCS authorization. This change will allow Tess to exercise an option to extend the life of the license for an additional 15 years, upon payment of a certain fee. The majority of the voting shares of Tess is controlled by the Swedish telecommunications company Telia.
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The purchase price for the Tess acquisition comprised U.S.$318.7 million in cash and U.S.$631.3 million in three-year promissory notes issued by TAIL bearing interest at LIBOR. The remaining principal amount of the TAIL notes is U.S.$105 million after the 2002 and 2003 payments, and they are owned by certain affiliates of América Móvil.
In connection with the acquisition, Telecom Americas also acquired an option to acquire control of the remaining voting interests in Tess. The option is subject to approval by the Brazilian regulatory agency Anatel for the transfer of control of Tess to Telecom Americas.
Tess began operations in January 1999. Tess cellular network uses TDMA technology and covers approximately 13% of the geographical area for which it holds a concession in the state of São Paulo. Tess network covers approximately 74% of the population of this area. At December 31, 2002, Tess had approximately 1.2 million subscribers and a 34.5% share of the wireless market in the state in which it operates. At December 31, 2002, Tess had 856 employees and prepaid subscribers accounted for approximately 86% of Tess subscribers.
Tess principal competitor is Telesp Celular, which is controlled by Portugal Telecom. In early 2002, TIM, which also holds a license under the PCS regime, began to provide service in Tess geographic area. Nextel also competes with Tess for private line service to the corporate segment in several regions of the state of São Paulo.
Americel
Americel S.A. is a PCS-authorized company operating in seven states in central-western Brazil, including the city of Brasília, the capital of Brazil. On February 3, 2003, Americel switched its original Band B cellular concession, granted by Anatel in July 1997 for a 15-year PCS authorization. This change will allow Americel to exercise an option to extend the life of the license for an additional 15 years, upon payment of a certain fee. Telecom Americas holds an indirect 79.5% economic interest in Americel. Telecom Americas initial interest in Americel was acquired in November 2000 and was increased in 2001 through an acquisition of shares from TeleSystem International Wireless, Inc. and a group of investment and pension funds.
Americels cellular network uses TDMA digital technology and covers approximately 67% of the population of the states in which it operates. At December 31, 2002, Americel had approximately 868,000 subscribers and a 26% share of the wireless market in the states in which it operates. At December 31, 2002, Americel had 563 employees.
Americel offers a variety of rate plans to its postpaid customers and offers prepaid services in all of its markets. Americels prepaid card, marketed under the brand name Legal, is used by more than 65% of its prepaid customer base. Americel offers bundled prepaid products, which include handsets as well as airtime, and, for customers who already have their own handsets, prepaid airtime marketed under the brand name Virou Legal. At December 31, 2002, prepaid subscribers accounted for approximately 87% of Americels subscribers.
Americel competes with Tele Centro Oeste, which provides wireless service in certain of the states in central-western Brazil, and Companhia de Telecomunicações do Brasil CentralCTBC Telecom, which offers wireless service in some cities located in the states of Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul. Tele Centro Oeste was formed in the 1998 reorganization of subsidiaries of Telebrás, the formerly state-owned wireless and fixed-line telecommunications operator. In the first quarter of 2003, Tele Centro Oeste was acquired by a joint venture between Portugal Telecom and Telefónica of Spain. Recently, TIM, which holds a license under the PCS regime, has also entered the market.
Telet
Telet S.A. is a PCS-authorized company operating in the state of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil. On February 3, 2003, Telet switched its original Band B cellular concession, granted by Anatel in April 1998, for a 15-year
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PCS authorization. This change will allow Telet to exercise an option to extend the life of the license for an additional 15 years, upon payment of a certain fee. Telecom Americas holds a 79.4% economic interest in Telet. Telecom Americas initial interest in Telet was acquired in November 2000 and was increased in 2001 through an acquisition of shares from TeleSystem International Wireless, Inc. and a group of investment and pension funds.
Telet began operations in February 1999. Telets cellular network uses TDMA digital technology and covers approximately 17% of the geographical area of Rio Grande do Sul and approximately 86% of its population. At December 31, 2002, Telet had approximately 1.0 million subscribers and a 32.5% share of the wireless market in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. At December 31, 2002, Telet had 650 employees.
Telet offers postpaid wireless services under the Claro Digital brand name, prepaid services under the Claro Expresso brand name, Internet service under the Claro Net brand name and international roaming service under the Claro Mundi brand name. At December 31, 2002, prepaid subscribers accounted for approximately 83% of Telets subscribers.
Telets principal competitor is CRT Celular, which is owned by Telefónica of Spain. Recently, competition has increased as TIM has entered the market. Nextel offers competition for the private line service to the corporate segment in the city of Porto Alegre.
GSM network
Telecom Americas plans to launch commercially a new GSM network during 2003. Initially, coverage will be limited to certain major urban areas. Telecom Americas intends to focus its commercial and marketing efforts towards encouraging use of GSM technology by new subscribers and existing subscribers renewing their contracts. Telecom Americas expects GSM to become its principal wireless technology within the next two to five years.
Regulatory environment
In conjunction with the breakup and privatization of the Telecomunicaçoes Brasileiras S.A.Telebrás telecommunications monopoly, Brazil opened its cellular mobile telephone service industry to private enterprises. Starting in 1997, ten cellular licenses covering all of Brazil were auctioned to wireless operators to compete against the eight incumbent providers that emerged from the Telebrás breakup and that were subsequently auctioned to private enterprises, including Telesp Celular S.A., which is now controlled by Brasilcel, a joint venture company owned by Portugal Telecom and Telefônica Móbiles, in São Paulo; Tele Sudeste Celular S.A., which is also controlled by Brasilcel, in Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo; and Tele Centro Oeste Celular S.A., which is also controlled by Brasilcel, in Brasília and other central cities. Accordingly, there were two cellular service providers in all markets in Brazil, including the city of São Paulo, one operating in subfrequency Band A and another in subfrequency Band B.
In 1997, Brazil enacted the General Telecommunications Law (Lei Geral de Telecomunicações) to promote competition among service providers and establish an independent regulatory agency, Anatel, to regulate its telecommunications industry. Anatel issues licenses for both wireless and wireline operators. It also mandates specific targets for delivering telephone services to the Brazilian population, including current mandates intended to increase penetration to 20% by 2005. Anatel has the authority to grant concessions and licenses for public telecommunications services. Starting in 1999, the entire Brazilian telecommunications sector has been open to competition.
In September 2000, Anatel published guidelines for the implementation of PCS (Serviço Móvel Pessoal) operations in Brazil. Under the guidelines, Brazil is divided into three regions for PCS operation within the 1800 megahertz frequency, as opposed to ten regions for the cellular service providers. The guidelines enable
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communication between mobile stations, as well as from mobile stations to non-mobile stations within the same PCS registration area. In addition, calls originating within a registration area and having a destination point outside that registration area will be treated as switched fixed telephone service for national and international long distance.
Under the September 2000 guidelines, the Band A and Band B cellular providers have the option to switch to PCS, and migration to PCS is a condition for the extension of their concessions. In some states, both concessionaires have migrated to the PCS regime. Upon migration to PCS, the Band A and Band B cellular providers have the right to apply for long distance services licenses and are no longer subject to cellular regulations that restricted them from operating in more than two regions per Band.
The September 2000 guidelines also established rules regarding the selection of up to three wireless providers per region, corresponding to Bands C, D and E, in addition to the original Band A and Band B wireless providers. Any company organized and based in Brazil, even if foreign-owned, may bid for a PCS license. Interested companies may bid for PCS licenses in each of the three regions, and are permitted to acquire PCS licenses for all three regions. However, each provider, whether cellular or PCS, is limited to only one license per service area.
Beginning in February 2001, Anatel initiated a series of auctions through which it sold rights to D-Band and E-Band licenses. After canceling the auction of new licenses under the C-Band, Anatel implemented procedures in May 2002 for the sale of C-Band bandwidth in installments not to exceed 45 megahertz per service provider, through which each of Telecom Americas principal operating companies acquired bandwidth.
To further facilitate the migration from cellular to PCS, Anatel issued a regulation in September 2002 which mandates that migrating companies begin observing certain PCS regulations. Among other things, these regulations (i) require that migrating companies adopt PCS service plans and (ii) provide for the establishment of charges for the use of one operators network by another. Anatel issued additional PCS-specific regulations regarding service quality in April 2003.
Telgua (Guatemala)
Telecomunicaciones de Guatemala, S.A. (Telgua) is a fixed-line telecommunications operator in Guatemala that was privatized in November 1998. Subsidiaries of Telgua also provide wireless, Internet, cable television, paging, data transmission and other services in Guatemala. We own 97.3% of the stock of Telgua. We acquired a portion of our interest in the subsidiaries in May 1999. We acquired the majority of our interest in Telgua and the balance of our interest in the subsidiaries in March 2000 and increased these interests to their present levels through a series of acquisitions of shares from minority shareholders. We use the term Telgua below to refer to Telgua and the affiliates together.
At December 31, 2002, Telgua had approximately 804,000 fixed-line subscribers, representing approximately 6.7 lines per 100 inhabitants and a market share of approximately 96%.
Telguas wireless business is operated by its affiliate Servicios de Comunicaciones Personales Inalambricas, S.A. (Sercom). Sercoms cellular network uses CDMA digital technology and covers approximately 68% of its population. At December 31, 2002, Sercom had approximately 628,000 wireless subscribers, representing a market share of approximately 43.3%. To expand its wireless network, Sercom invested approximately U.S.$69.3 million in 2000, approximately U.S.$50.7 million in 2001 and approximately U.S.$15.6 million in 2002.
Telgua offers a variety of services through its fixed-line and wireless networks, including Internet access, data transmission, cable television, two-way communication systems used mainly for group communication and dispatch applications, or trunking, and also sells handsets and related products. Telgua markets and distributes
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its services and products directly to customers and also employs a network of independent distributors for services and products other than basic telephony, such as prepaid calling cards and handsets. Telguas marketing strategy emphasizes the quality and reliability of services and products.
Telgua continues to be the principal provider of fixed-line services in Guatemala. Telguas principal competitors in the wireless sector are Millicom (Comcel), Telefónica of Spain and BellSouth.
Telguas business is subject to comprehensive regulation and oversight by the Guatemalan Telecommunications Agency (Superintendencia de Telecomunicaciones de Guatemala) under the General Telecommunications Law (Ley General de Telecomunicaciones). Telgua holds a license from the Guatemalan government to operate its nationwide fixed-line network and numerous licenses to operate its cellular network on different frequencies and in different regions. See Legal Proceedings under Item 8 for a discussion of certain proceedings that the Guatemalan government has commenced against Telgua.
Comcel, Occel and Celcaribe (Colombia)
Comunicación Celular S.A. (Comcel), Occidente y Caribe Celular S.A. (Occel), and Celcaribe S.A. (Celcaribe) provide wireless telecommunications services in Colombia, Comcel in the eastern region of the country, Occel in the western region and Celcaribe principally in the Caribbean region. We acquired our interests in Comcel and Occel in 2002 from Telecom Americas and certain other shareholders and increased them to their present levels through a series of capitalized investments in 2002. Comcel acquired its interest in Celcaribe from Millicom International Cellular in February 2003. This acquisition allows us to provide nationwide coverage in Colombia. Currently, we hold a 95.7% interest in Comcel, a 95.8% interest in Occel and a 94% interest in Celcaribe. Occel operates under the Comcel brand, and we use the term Comcel below to refer to Comcel and Occel together. Celcaribe has begun to operate under the Comcel brand.
Comcels network uses analog and TDMA digital technology and covers approximately 68% of Colombias population. On December 20, 2002, the Ministry of Communications and Comcel entered into an amendment to the Concession Agreement, allowing Comcel to migrate to GSM technology. In December 2002, we reached an agreement with Nokia to deploy a GSM network in Colombia. At December 31, 2002, Comcel had approximately 2.8 million subscribers and believed it had a 69.2% share of the wireless market in the regions in which it operates.
Comcel offers basic cellular service through a variety of rate plans and also offers prepaid service. Purchasers of Comcels Amigo kit for prepaid service receive a cellular phone together with a prepaid calling card, enabling the customer to activate wireless service without contracts, monthly fees or credit checks. Comcel markets its services through independent local distributors and a direct sales force. In addition, Comcel and its distributors have arrangements with various supermarket chains such as Éxito and Carrefour for the distribution of all of Comcels basic products as well as the provision of technical service and assistance. The Amigo prepaid card is available in various chain stores nationwide. Comcels strategy is to continue to expand its customer base through the build-out of its network.
Celcaribes network uses TDMA technology. At December 31, 2002, it had approximately 249 thousand subscribers and had a 47.95% share of the wireless market in the regions in which it operates. Celcaribe offers services such as data transmission, Internet services and short message services, among others.
Comcel is one of only two cellular service providers in each of the eastern and western regions of Colombia. In each region, we compete with BellSouth. Comcel also competes with traditional fixed-line telephone service operators. On January 20, 2003, Colombia Móvil, a consortium of two Colombian private-sector, fixed-line operators, won a license to provide PCS services. In addition, Comcel faces competition from alternative wireless services, including mobile radio and paging services, rural wireless operators and trunking services. These competing wireless services are widely used in Colombia as a substitute for fixed-line services. Celcaribe is one of only two service providers in the Caribbean region of Colombia and competes with BellSouth.
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The Ministry of Communications of Colombia and the Telecommunications Regulation Commission are responsible for regulating and overseeing the telecommunications sector, including cellular operations. The Ministry of Communications, which granted the cellular concessions in 1994, supervises and audits the performances of the concessionaires legal and contractual obligations. The activities of Comcel and Celcaribe are also supervised by the Colombian Superintendency of Industry and Commerce, which enforces antitrust regulations, promotes free competition in the marketplace and protects consumer rights.
Comcel holds ten-year concessions, acquired in 1994, to provide wireless telecommunications services in the eastern and western regions of Colombia. Under the terms of the concessions, Comcel is required to make quarterly royalty payments to the Ministry of Communications based on its revenues. Under the terms of an agreement entered into in January 1997, the Ministry of Communications has agreed to renew the Comcel concessions through 2014. Celcaribe holds 20-year concessions, acquired in 1994, to provide cellular services in the Caribbean region of Colombia.
Conecel (Ecuador)
Consorcio Ecuatoriano de Telecomunicaciones, S.A. CONECEL (Conecel) is a wireless telecommunications operator in Ecuador. We acquired a 60% interest in Conecel in March 2000, and gave the other investors the right to sell to us up to 50%, 75% and 95% of their shares during specified periods following the second, fourth and sixth anniversaries of our acquisition, subject to certain conditions. In April 2002, the other investors exercised their first put rights, and we paid approximately U.S.$70.3 million to increase our interest to 80.6%.
Conecels cellular network uses TDMA digital technology and covers approximately 78% of the geographical area of Ecuador. At December 31, 2002, Conecel had approximately 923,000 subscribers, representing a 58% share of the Ecuadorian wireless market.
During 2003, Conecel aims to expand its coverage of the geographical area of Ecuador, increasing the TDMA network by 9 cell sites and implementing a new GSM network that will have 180 cell sites and two switching centers. Conecel has budgeted capital expenditures of approximately U.S.$74 million in 2003 to finance these projects.
Conecels principal competitor is BellSouth Ecuador, which offers wireless local, national and international long-distance and public telephone services in Ecuador. BellSouth Ecuadors cellular network currently exceeds that of Conecel. Conecel expects an additional competitor to enter the wireless market in 2003.
Andinatel S.A. and Pacifitel S.A. hold exclusive concessions for the provision of fixed-line telephone services in Ecuador. The Ecuadorian government is expected to privatize these companies or open them to private investment in the near future.
Beginning in 1995, the government of Ecuador undertook a comprehensive reform of Ecuadors telecommunications sector adopting new laws that provided for the establishment of a new regulatory framework, the introduction of competition and the privatization of Emetel, the former state telecommunications monopoly. The new laws established:
| the National Telecommunications Counsel (Consejo Nacional de Telecomunicaciones, or Conatel), which is responsible for policy-making in the telecommunications area; |
| the National Telecommunications Secretariat (Secretaría Nacional de Telecomunicaciones), which is responsible for executing Conatels resolutions; and |
| the Telecommunications Agency (Superintendencia de Telecomunicaciones), which monitors the use of authorized frequencies and compliance with concession provisions. |
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The reforms also introduced specified interconnection rates as well as a system of concessions for the operation of private networks, the use of frequencies and the resale of telecommunications services and value-added services.
Conecel holds nationwide concessions, which have been fully paid, to operate its wireless network on the 800 megahertz (Band A) radio spectrum. These include a concession for cellular telephone service that expires in 2008, and concessions for data transmission and Internet services that expire in 2009.
Conecel expects to commercially launch its new GSM network by the end of the first half of 2003, using a network acquired from Nokia. The GSM network will cover the same area as the existing TDMA network. Conecel intends to focus its commercial and marketing efforts towards encouraging use of GSM technology by new subscribers and existing subscribers renewing their contracts and expects GSM to become its principal wireless technology within the next five to ten years.
Techtel (Argentina)
Techtel-LMDS Comunicaciones Interactivas, S.A. operates a local multipoint distribution services (LMDS) and fiber optic network in Argentina, providing voice, data and video transfer services and other related telecommunications services. LMDS is a wireless broadband technology that uses radio signals to transmit voice, video and data. Techtel began providing long-distance fixed-line voice services and call center support in December 2000 and launched local fixed-line voice services in August 2001.
We own a 60% interest in Techtel through a company in which the remaining interest is owned by an affiliate of Techint Compañía Técnica Internacional S.A.C.I., one of Argentinas largest industrial groups. We acquired our interest pursuant to the February 2002 reorganization of Telecom Americas.
Techtels data network covers Argentinas eight major metropolitan areas and approximately 50% of its population. Techtels voice network covers 43 cities.
Techtels strategic objective is to establish itself in Argentinas long-distance voice services market, where it launched long-distance voice services in December 2000. In 2002, Techtel invested approximately U.S.$3.0 million in capital expenditures for the build-out of its domestic and international network, including 16,352 kilometers of fiber optics and LMDS connection, of which 14,344 kilometers are fully operational. América Móvil contributed approximately U.S.$12 million to Techtel in 2002. We expect Techtel to be adversely affected by the current economic climate in Argentina.
Techtels principal competitors are Telefónica de Argentina S.A. and Telecom S.A., both of which provide data and video services, as well as local and long-distance fixed-line voice services. In addition, a number of new competitors are entering the Argentine market for local and long-distance voice services, including Movicom and CTI, the first cellular companies to obtain general licenses for voice services. Other data services providers, such as Impsat, Comsat and Metrored, compete with Techtel in the long distance market principally through small shares of the business segment.
The National Communications Commission (Comisión Nacional de Comunicaciones) is responsible for general regulatory oversight of the communications sector. The Communications Secretariat grants licenses to service providers, and each of the Communications Secretariat and the National Communications Commission may issue technical and administrative regulations.
Techtel holds licenses to offer data transmission, video-conferencing and local and long-distance fixed-line voice telecommunications services as well as to provide radio signal transmission service throughout Argentina. Techtel is authorized to operate on the 38 gigahertz (Band G) radio spectrum in the Buenos Aires region, on the 10.5 gigahertz (Band A) radio spectrum in certain other metropolitan areas of Argentina and on the 28 gigahertz (Band A) radio spectrum throughout Argentina. These licenses and authorizations were granted by the Secretary of Communications and do not have termination dates. Under the terms of its licenses and authorizations, Techtel
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has committed to certain investment targets for network development and other undertakings, and as of the date of this prospectus Techtel is complying with these commitments.
Telstar (Uruguay)
Telstar S.A. has completed an LMDS network to provide data transmission services in Montevideo, Uruguay. We own a 60% interest in Telstar through the same company that holds Techtel. We acquired our interest pursuant to the February 2002 reorganization of Telecom Americas.
Telstar holds non-exclusive licenses to install and operate a wireless broadband network throughout Uruguay to provide data transmission services, international data transmission services and long distance services. Telstar is authorized to operate on the 10.5 gigahertz (Band A) radio spectrum. Telstar has paid the monthly charges required under the terms of its license and authorization for 2000, 2001 and 2002.
Sercom (Nicaragua)
We own a 97.3% interest in Servicios de Comunicaciones de Nicaragua, S.A. (Sercom) and launched wireless services in Nicaragua in December 2002. Sercoms cellular network uses GSM technology to provide service to its customer base. As of December 31, 2002, after only seven days of operations, Sercom had 864 subscribers.
Sercom entered the market as the third mobile operator, joining BellSouth and Enitel Móvil, the cellular branch of Enitel, the incumbent fixed line operator in Nicaragua. Sercoms business is subject to comprehensive regulation and oversight by the Nicaraguan Telecommunications Agency (Instituto Nicaragüense de Telecommunicaciones y Correos) under the General Telecommunications and Postal Services Law (Ley General de Telecomunicaciones y Servicos Postales).
TracFone (United States)
TracFone Wireless, Inc. is engaged in the sale and distribution of prepaid wireless service and wireless phones throughout the United States, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. We own 97.8% of the capital stock of TracFone. We first acquired a controlling interest in TracFone in February 1999.
TracFone currently offers its prepaid wireless service and wireless handsets throughout the United States using an extensive distribution network. At December 31, 2002, TracFone had approximately two million subscribers and is one of the three largest operations in the U.S. prepaid cellular market. TracFones subscriber base increased 3% in 2002.
TracFone does not own any wireless telecommunications facilities or hold any licenses. Instead, it purchases airtime through agreements it has with approximately 40 wireless service providers and resells airtime to customers. Through these agreements, TracFone has a nationwide network covering all areas in which wireless services are available. Customer usage is monitored using patented, proprietary software installed in each phone TracFone sells, and TracFone provides customer service and manages customers as though it were a network-based carrier. TracFone has entered into agreements with Nokia and Motorola to enable them to include TracFones software in various handsets they produce. TracFones business model does not require any significant capital expenditure.
TracFone sells handsets through a variety of major U.S. retail stores and sells its prepaid airtime through approximately 60,000 large- and medium-sized independent retailers throughout the United States.
TracFone competes with the major U.S. wireless operators. TracFone expects that many of these carriers will increase their focus on prepaid wireless services in the future.
TracFone is subject to the jurisdiction of the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and to U.S. telecommunications laws and regulations. TracFone does not require licenses to carry out its business.
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Our principal investments in affiliates other than our subsidiaries and Telecom Americas are described below. Financial information provided for these affiliates has been prepared in accordance with local accounting principles and restated in constant pesos as of December 31, 2002. We can give no assurance as to the extent, timing or cost of future international investments, and such investments may involve risks to which we have not previously been exposed.
CompUSA
CompUSA, Inc. is a provider of technology solutions and a retailer of personal computing equipment, based in Dallas, Texas. We own a 49% interest in CompUSA, which we acquired in March 2000. The remaining interest in CompUSA is currently owned indirectly by U.S. Commercial Corp., S.A. de C.V., which is an affiliate of América Móvil. In 2001, CompUSA had revenues of Ps.40,127 million and a net loss of Ps.1,024 million. In 2002, CompUSA had revenues of Ps.39,615 million and a net loss of Ps.4,160 million. At December 31, 2002, CompUSA had total assets of Ps.13,264 million.
Business and strategy. CompUSA operates 227 CompUSA Computer Superstores in 90 metropolitan areas throughout the United States, spanning a total of 44 states. At December 31, 2002, CompUSA had 14,220 employees.
CompUSA is one of the leading U.S. retailers and resellers of personal computers and related products and services, operating principally through its Computer Superstores. Its other activities include direct sales and providing comprehensive training and technical services to corporate, government, and education customers.
CompUSA offers personal computer hardware and software and related products and accessories. In addition to its in-store selection, CompUSA also offers customers the ability to special order approximately 30,000 additional products. Prices and services are typically determined centrally, but managers have the authority to adjust in-store prices in response to local competitive conditions within guidelines established and controlled centrally. CompUSAs strategy includes development and growth of its Internet retail business.
Competition. CompUSA competes with a variety of resellers of personal computers and related products and services. As to product sales, CompUSA competes with large format consumer electronics and office supply retailers, manufacturers and distributors that sell directly to the public, other large format computer retailers, Internet-based retailers, mail order houses, mass merchants, discounters, specialty electronics retailers, software specialty retailers, other personal computer retailers, outbound dealers and value-added resellers. In addition, CompUSA has numerous competitors in its training and technical service businesses.
The personal computer industry is undergoing significant change. Rapid technological advances, combined with an increasingly computer-literate population, have increased the use and popularity of personal computers, resulting in the emergence and growth of a variety of distribution channels. CompUSA believes that customers have become increasingly price sensitive and this results in widespread and intense competition among personal computer product retailers and resellers.
Other
CCPR. In January 2002, we sold our 50% interest in Cellular Communications of Puerto Rico, Inc. (CCPR) to SBCI in exchange for U.S.$106.3 million and the option to acquire SBCIs interest in Telecom Americas. CCPR offers wireless, paging and long-distance services under the Cingular Wireless (formerly Cellular One) brand in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. We reported a gain of Ps.10.7 million in the first quarter of 2002 as a result of this sale.
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Cablevisión. In April 2002, we sold our 49% interest in Empresas Cablevisión, S.A. de C.V. in an initial public offering on the Mexican Stock Exchange for approximately U.S.$200 million. Cablevisión provides cable television and internet access services in the Mexico City metropolitan area. We reported a gain of Ps.1,283 million in the first quarter of 2002 resulting from this sale.
Telvista. We own an indirect 44.2% interest in Telvista, which we acquired in June 2001 from Technology and Internet Holding Co., a company in which Telmex, Grupo Carso and América Móvil have a joint interest. Telvista is a Delaware corporation that operates four call centers with approximately 2,600 positions in the United States.
The following table sets forth our consolidated capital expenditures for each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002.
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||
2000 |
2001 |
2002 | |||||||
(millions of constant pesos as of December 31, 2002) | |||||||||
Transmission and switching equipment |
Ps. | 14,490 | Ps. | 12,886 | Ps. | 9,021 | |||
Other |
1,782 | 3,521 | 1,800 | ||||||
Total capital expenditures |
Ps. | 16,272 | Ps. | 16,407 | Ps. | 10,821 | |||
We have budgeted capital expenditures of approximately U.S.$1.1 billion for the year ending December 31, 2003, but this could increase as we re-evaluate our expenditure needs during the year. In 2002, we launched services under a new GSM network in Mexico. We are in the process of completing the rollout of that network, which we expect to occur in December 2003. We are building GSM networks in Colombia, Ecuador and Brazil. We expect capital expenditures associated with the construction of these networks to be substantially completed by the end of 2003.
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Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements and the notes thereto included in this annual report. Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Mexican GAAP, which differs in certain respects from U.S. GAAP. Note 20 to the audited financial statements provides a description of the principal differences between Mexican GAAP and U.S. GAAP, as they relate to us, a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of operating income, net income and total stockholders equity and a condensed statement of cash flows under U.S. GAAP.
Pursuant to Mexican GAAP, in our financial statements:
| nonmonetary assets (including plant, property and equipment of Mexican origin) and stockholders equity are restated for inflation based on the Mexican National Consumer Price Index; plant, property and equipment of non-Mexican origin are restated based on the rate of inflation in the country of origin and converted into Mexican pesos using the prevailing exchange rate at the balance sheet date; |
| gains and losses in purchasing power from holding monetary liabilities or assets are recognized in income; and |
| all amounts are restated in constant pesos as of December 31, 2002. |
The effect of inflation accounting under Mexican GAAP has not been reversed in the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of net income and stockholders equity, except with respect to the methodology for restatement of imported telephone plant. See Note 20 to the audited financial statements.
Background
Effects of Recent Acquisitions
Our audited financial statements reflect the consolidation of Comcel beginning in February 2002 and Telecom Americas beginning in July 2002.
These acquisitions have contributed to the increase in our revenues and operating income, and in 2002 Comcel and Telecom Americas together accounted for 9.9% of consolidated revenues. In addition, the increase in our debt from Ps.22,701 million at December 31, 2001 to Ps.46,202 million at December 31, 2002 primarily reflects the consolidation of debt of Comcel and Telecom Americas after we acquired a majority of each in 2002. The effects of the 2002 acquisitions on our balance sheet are summarized in note 8 to our consolidated financial statements.
In connection with our acquisitions of Telecom Americas and Comcel, some of the goodwill of Telecom Americas and Comcel was reallocated to trademarks and to plant, property and equipment, based on valuations of those assets; as a result, at December 31, 2002, we had no goodwill with respect to Telecom Americas and Ps. 2,986 million with respect to Comcel. Goodwill is amortized over ten years under Mexican GAAP, resulting in amortization charges of Ps.1,613 million in 2002. Investment in licenses is amortized under both Mexican and U.S. GAAP, resulting in amortization charges of Ps.484 million in 2002.
In 2003, we have acquired Celcaribe and BSE. Celcaribe is fully consolidated beginning in February 2003. In 2002, Celcaribe had revenues of Ps.400 million and a net loss of Ps.269 million. BSE is fully consolidated beginning in May 2003. In 2002, BSE had revenues of Ps.4,252 million and a net loss of Ps.2,996 million.
Geographic Segments
We operate in nine countries, which are grouped for financial reporting in seven geographic segments, up from four geographic segments in 2001 as a result of acquisitions. Segment information is presented in note 18 to
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our consolidated financial statements. Mexico accounted for 71.0% of 2002 revenues and 95.0% of 2002 operating income. These percentages may decrease somewhat in 2003 as a result of new acquisitions and a full year of consolidating our Brazilian subsidiaries.
The factors that drive financial performance can differ for our operations in different countries, depending on the business model, competitive situation, regulatory environment, capital expenditure requirements, debt profile and many other factors. Our results of operations in each period accordingly reflect a combination of different effects in the different countries.
Effects of Economic Conditions
Our results of operations are affected by economic conditions in Mexico and in the other countries in which we operate. In periods of slow economic growth, demand for telecommunications services might be adversely affected.
Our results of operations are also affected by changes in currency exchange rates. Devaluation of the peso against the U.S. dollar, such as occurred in 2002, may result in exchange losses on our net U.S. dollar-denominated indebtedness. In 2002, this resulted in a net exchange loss of Ps.1,468 million. In addition, currency fluctuations between the Mexican peso and the currencies of our non-Mexican subsidiaries affect our results as reported in Mexican pesos.
Our non-Mexican subsidiaries and affiliates accounted for approximately 29% of our 2002 operating revenues and 50.6% of our year-end 2002 assets.
Trends in Operating Results
Apart from acquisitions, the principal factors affecting our operating income and EBITDA relate to growth in subscribers and traffic. The markets we serve provide opportunities for continued growth, and as subscribers and traffic increase we generally expect to report higher revenue, with lower average revenue per subscriber, and higher operating margin as a result of economies of scale. This effect was primarily responsible for the improvement in our operating margin in 2002. These effects can be partly or wholly offset, however, by the effects of competition on prices and on subscriber acquisition costs. The market and competitive conditions are independent in the different markets in which we operate, and they are sometimes subject to rapid change. As a result, it is difficult to predict overall trends in our operating performance.
Nature of Revenues
Most of our revenues (87.9% in 2002) came from the sale of airtime and other services. Of our service revenues, the largest portion is from usage charges, which include airtime charges for outgoing calls and interconnection charges billed to other service providers for calls completed on our network. The primary driver of usage charges is traffic, which in turn is driven by the number of customers and by their average usage. Postpaid customers generally have an allotment of airtime each month for which they are not required to pay usage charges. Service revenues also include (a) monthly subscription charges paid by postpaid customers, (b) long-distance charges and (c) charges for other services, such as roaming, call forwarding, call waiting and call blocking.
Revenues from sales of prepaid services are deferred and recognized as airtime is used or when it expires, and are included under usage charges. For postpaid service, monthly fees are billed in the month prior to service, and are deferred and recognized in the month that service is provided. Revenues from airtime used by postpaid subscribers above the amount covered by their monthly fees are recognized as airtime is used.
We also have sales revenues from selling handsets and other equipment. Most of our new subscribers purchase a handset, and although we also sell new handsets to existing customers, changes in sales revenues are
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driven primarily by the number of new customers. The pricing of handsets is not geared primarily to profiting in handset sales, because it also takes account of the service revenues that are expected to result when the handset is used.
Investments in Affiliated Companies
At December 31, 2002, we had Ps.2,799 million in investments in affiliates for which we accounted using the equity method, principally our 49% interest in CompUSA. This compares to Ps.24,184 million in equity-method investments in affiliates at December 31, 2001. The reduction reflects (a) our acquisitions of Comcel and Techtel in February 2002 and Telecom Americas in July 2002, all of which were previously equity-method affiliates, and (b) the sale of our entire interest in CCPR in February 2002 and the sale of our entire interest in Cablevisión in April 2002.
In both 2002 and 2001, our equity in losses of our equity-method affiliates had a substantial adverse effect on our financial performance. In 2002, despite the consolidation of Telecom Americas and Comcel, we recognized a loss of Ps.4,011 million in equity in net results of affiliates. This was due to our equity in the loss at CompUSA, which accounted for Ps.2,056 million of our equity in net loss of affiliates, and to the losses of Telecom Americas and Comcel in the period prior to their full consolidation. The net loss at CompUSA was U.S.$403 million, primarily attributable to a write-off of U.S.$410 million of goodwill that CompUSA recognized in 2002 upon adopting Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. In 2001, our equity in losses of equity-method affiliates was Ps.3,912 million, attributable primarily to our interest in losses at Telecom Americas, which then included the Colombian and Brazilian operations. See Non-Mexican OperationsTelecom AmericasHistory under Item 4.
In 2001, we wrote off the entire balance of our investment in four non-strategic associated companies, resulting in an impairment charge to income of Ps.2,051 million. These were non-strategic investments in small companies, three in the United States and one in Spain, whose prospects have been adversely affected by the crisis in the telecommunications sector. In 2002, we paid U.S.$100 million on a guarantee we had given on behalf of one of these companies.
Consolidated Results of Operations
Operating Revenues
Operating revenues increased by 31.4% in 2002 and by 37.4% in 2001. The Ps.13,740 million increase in revenues in 2002 was due primarily to an increase in revenues in Mexico (up by Ps.6.6 million), and the consolidation of revenues from Colombia (Ps.3,095 million) and Brazil (Ps.2,593 million). Excluding Brazil and Colombia, which were consolidated for the first time in 2002, operating revenues would have increased by 15.6%. The increase in 2001 was also due primarily to increased revenues in Mexico. In each case, revenue growth was attributable primarily to subscriber growth.
Operating Costs and Expenses
Cost of sales and servicesCost of sales and services represented 42.5% of operating revenues in 2002 and 42.9% of operating revenues in 2001. Cost of services was Ps.12,823 in 2002. Cost of sales was Ps.11,589 in 2002, and primarily represents the cost of handsets sold to subscribers. Cost of sales and services increased by 30.2% in 2002 and by 15.3% in 2001. The increase in 2002 was in line with the growth in revenues, and reflects subscriber growth, increased traffic and the consolidation of our Colombian and Brazilian subsidiaries. Excluding Brazil and Colombia, cost of sales and services would have increased by 27.6%. The increase in 2001 reflects the same factors but was slower than the growth in revenues.
Commercial, administrative and generalCommercial, administrative and general expenses represented 21.3% of operating revenues in 2002 and 26.9% of operating revenues in 2001. On an absolute basis,
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commercial, administrative and general expenses increased by 4.1% in 2002 and 27.7% in 2001. These costs have increased more slowly than our revenues, as a result of increasing scale and cost control measures in each country in which we operate.
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization represented 14.4% of operating revenues in 2002 and 10.8% of operating revenues in 2001. Depreciation and amortization increased by 74.9% in 2002 and 44.9% in 2001. The increase in 2002 was due primarily to our acquisitions of Comcel and Telecom Americas and substantial investments in our networks in all countries. The increase in depreciation and amortization in 2001 was due to capital expenditures and acquisition of facilities we previously rented.
Operating Income
Operating income increased by 94.5% in 2002 and 109.0% in 2001, reflecting revenue growth and improved operating margins. Without the impairment charge of Ps. 2,051 million in 2001, operating income in 2001 would have been Ps.8,471 million, and the increase in operating income would have been 47.4% in 2002 and 175.8% in 2001.
Operating margin (operating income as a percentage of operating revenues) was 21.7% in 2002, 14.7% in 2001 and 9.7% in 2000. On a consolidated level, the improvement in our operating margin in both 2002 and 2001 reflected greater efficiency due to the larger number of customers, cost-control measures and lower subscriber acquisition costs as a percentage of revenues. Without the impairment charge in 2001, our operating margin would have been 19.4% for that year.
EBITDA
EBITDA was Ps.20,802 million in 2002, compared to Ps.13,203 million in 2001. EBITDA margin (EBITDA as a percentage of revenues) was 36.2% in 2002, compared to 30.2% in 2001. Approximately 75% of our EBITDA is attributable to our Mexican operations, with the remainder divided among our other subsidiaries, except in the case of our U.S. operations, which had negative EBITDA. Our U.S. operations reduced their negative EBITDA substantially during 2001 and 2002, due to the focus on profitability rather than growth.
We determine EBITDA as shown in the reconciliation below, by adding charges that do not affect cash to operating income. EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure and is not how our performance or our liquidity is measured in accordance with GAAP. We use EBITDA as a rough indicator of the cash component of our operating income. Lenders and others routinely examine EBITDA and some of our lenders require that we maintain certain leverage ratios based on the relationship between EBITDA and debt or EBITDA and interest expense. Because not all companies calculate EBITDA identically, the presentation of EBITDA in this annual report is not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. A reconciliation between operating income determined in accordance with Mexican GAAP and EBITDA is provided below:
Year ended December 31, | ||||
2001 |
2002 | |||
(millions of constant pesos as of December 31, 2002) | ||||
Operating income |
6,420 | 12,485 | ||
Plus: |
||||
Depreciation |
3,771 | 6,180 | ||
Amortization |
961 | 2,098 | ||
Impairment charges |
2,051 | 39 | ||
EBITDA |
13,203 | 20,802 | ||
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Comprehensive Financing (Income) Cost
Under Mexican GAAP, comprehensive financing cost reflects interest income, interest expense, foreign exchange gain or loss, gain or loss attributable to the effects of inflation on monetary assets and liabilities, and other financing costs.
We had comprehensive financing cost of Ps.984 million in 2002 and Ps.640 million in 2001 and comprehensive financing income of Ps.1,151 million in 2000. The 53.9% increase in 2002 reflects a combination of factorshigher net interest expense and foreign exchange loss and a gain on monetary position.
For 2001 and 2002, changes in the components of comprehensive financing cost were as follows:
| In 2002 and 2001, we had net interest expense of Ps.998 million and Ps.244 million, respectively, due primarily to growth in our level of debt. |
| We had net exchange losses of Ps.1,468 million in 2002 and Ps.367 million in 2001. The net exchange loss in 2002 was mainly due to the depreciation of the Mexican peso and the Brazilian real relative to the U.S. dollar. During 2001, the peso appreciated against the U.S. dollar, but we reported a net exchange loss since our average monetary assets denominated in foreign currencies exceeded our average monetary liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. |
| In 2002, as a result of the increase in our debt, our average monetary liabilities exceeded our average monetary assets, resulting in a net gain from monetary position. In 2001 and 2000, our average monetary assets exceeded our average monetary liabilities, resulting in a net loss from monetary position. |
| In 2002, we reported a net other financing cost of Ps.1,225 million, primarily resulting from commissions and other costs of financing and fair-value gains and losses on investments. In 2001, we reported a net other financing income of Ps.765 million, primarily resulting from fair-value gains in financial assets. |
Income Tax and Employee Profit-sharing
The statutory rate of Mexican corporate income tax was 35% in 2000, 2001 and 2002. Our effective rates of provisions for corporate income tax as a percentage of pretax income were 62.2%, 51.2% and 26.3% for 2000, 2001 and 2002, respectively. In 2000 and 2001, our effective tax rate exceeded the statutory rate because we had pretax losses in our non-Mexican operations that were not deductible against our Mexican taxable income. In 2002, our effective tax rate decreased substantially because the pre-tax losses of our non-Mexican operations decreased. The Mexican tax rate will decrease annually by one percentage point, from 35% to 32% from 2003 through 2005.
Telcel, like other Mexican companies, is required by law to pay to its employees, in addition to their agreed compensation and benefits, profit sharing in an aggregate amount equal to 10% of its taxable income. The amount payable decreased by 3.5% in 2002 and increased by 12.3% in 2001.
Equity in Results of Affiliates
Our proportionate share of the results of equity-method affiliates resulted in net losses of Ps.4,011 million in 2002 and Ps.3,912 million in 2001. The net losses in 2002 resulted primarily from the impairment of goodwill recognized by CompUSA and the losses incurred by Telecom Americas before we began to consolidate it. The net losses in 2001 were attributable primarily to results of Telecom Americas.
Net Income
In 2002, we had majority net income of Ps.4,601 million, compared to a majority net loss of Ps.875 million in 2001 and majority net income of Ps.956 million in 2000. The improvement in 2002 majority net income
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reflects improvements in revenues and earnings from all our major subsidiaries, including Comcel and Telecom Americas, which were first consolidated in February 2002 and July 2002. These companies reported significant aggregate losses in 2001, of which our proportionate share was reflected under equity in results of affiliates. Our equity in the 2001 net losses of these companies and an impairment charge for the write-off of our investment in four non-strategic telecommunication companies are the principal reasons for us reporting a majority net loss in 2001 despite experiencing improvements in revenues and earnings from all our then major subsidiaries.
Results of Operations by Geographic Segment
We discuss below the operating results of our subsidiaries that provide telecommunication services in our principal markets, after eliminating the effects of inter-company transactions and, in the case of Mexico, the consolidation of certain subsidiaries that provide corporate services, such as treasury services, to the group. All amounts discussed below are presented in accordance with Mexican GAAP and restated in constant pesos as of December 31, 2002, based on the Mexican rate of inflation.
As required by Mexican GAAP, we translate the results of operations of our non-Mexican operations at the weighted average exchange rate between the Mexican peso and the local currency for the applicable year. Accordingly, exchange rate changes between the Mexican peso and those currencies could significantly affect reported results in Mexican pesos and the comparability of reported results with those of prior years. The following table sets forth the weighted average exchange rate used to translate the results of our significant non-Mexican operations, as expressed in Mexican pesos per foreign currency unit, and the change from the rate used in the prior year.
2000 |
2001 |
% Change |
2002 |
% Change |
||||||||
Guatemalan quetzal |
1.2451 | 1.1576 | -7.03 | % | 1.3498 | 16.6 | % | |||||
U.S. dollar(1) |
9.5997 | 9.1423 | -4.76 | % | 10.3125 | 12.80 | % | |||||
Brazilian real |
4.9242 | 3.9492 | -19.80 | % | 2.9161 | -26.15 | % | |||||
Colombian peso |
0.0042 | 0.0041 | -6.52 | % | 0.0035 | -10.33 | % |
(1) | The U.S. dollar is the sole monetary instrument and unit of account and the main currency for transaction purposes in Ecuador. |
Mexico
Operating revenues increased by 19.6% in 2002 and 37.1% in 2001. In 2002, the number of Telcel subscribers increased by 18.3%, to approximately 20.1 million, and there was an increase in total traffic of 29.0%. In 2001, the number of Telcel subscribers increased by 62.2%, to approximately 17.0 million, and there was an increase in total traffic of 48.0%. Subscriber growth was slower in 2002 than in 2001 as a result of higher penetration rates in Mexico and relatively weak economic conditions. As penetration rates increase in Mexico, we expect to record lower levels of subscriber growth than in the past. Our average monthly revenues per subscriber have declined significantly over the past years as our subscriber growth comes primarily from prepaid customers with lower usage than our existing customers.
Operating income increased by 24.9% in 2002 and 72.2% in 2001. Our operating margin was 29.1% in 2002 and 28.0% in 2001.
Guatemala
Operating revenues increased by 4.8% in 2002 and by 11.2% in 2001. In 2002, the number of Telgua subscribers increased by 26.1%, to approximately 1.4 million, and there was an increase in total traffic of 5.1%. In 2001, the number of Telgua subscribers increased by 25%, to approximately 1.1 million, and there was an increase in total traffic of 23.6%. The slower growth in 2002 reflects a reduction of long distance rates applicable
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to both incoming and outgoing calls and the booking at the end of 2001 of certain extraordinary revenues resulting from the settlement of a legal dispute. Fixed-line operations represented 82.4% of revenues in 2002 and 78.5% of revenues in 2001, and we are experiencing slower growth than in wireless operations. Telgua began offering wireless services in Nicaragua in December 2002. Nicaraguan operations in 2002 did not materially impact Telguas operating revenues.
Operating income decreased by 6.96% in 2002 and increased by 327.8% in 2001. Our operating margin was 27.04% in 2002 and 30.5% in 2001.
Ecuador
Operating revenues increased by 87% in 2002 and 45.6% in 2001. In 2002, the number of Conecel subscribers increased by 90.8%, to approximately 923 thousand, and there was an increase in total traffic of 67%. In 2001, the number of Conecel subscribers increased by 89.8%, to approximately 484 thousand, and there was an increase in total traffic of 38%. In addition to the increase in subscribers, growth in 2002 was also attributable to an expansion in equipment revenues.
Operating income was Ps.164 million in 2002, as compared to an operating loss of Ps.8 million in 2001. Our operating margin was 12.8% in 2002.
United States
Operating revenues increased by 1.19% in 2002 and by 111.36% in 2001. But for the effects of foreign currency translation, there would have been a slight decline in revenues in 2002 resulting in part from a change in Tracfones revenue-deferment methodology, implemented in September 2002, meant to ensure that revenues more closely mirror the actual consumption levels of prepaid cards sold by Tracfone. In 2002, the number of Tracfone subscribers increased by 2.9%, to approximately 2.0 million, and there was an increase in total traffic of 11.6%. In 2001, the number of Tracfone subscribers increased by 68.4%, to approximately 1.9 million, and there was an increase in total traffic of 144%.
Operating loss decreased by 91.3% in 2002 and increased by 69.4% in 2001.
Brazil
We began consolidating Telecom Americas in July 2002, so our consolidated financial statements do not reflect revenues or operating income from Brazil prior to that date (except for our equity in the net loss of Telecom Americas). To measure the operating performance of Telecom Americas, we compare its operating revenues and operating income in 2002 and in 2001, in each case for continuing operations only. On that basis, Telecom Americas operating revenues from continuing operations decreased by 5.48% in 2002. In 2002, the number of Telecom Americas subscribers increased by 19.8%, to approximately 5.2 million, and there was an increase in total traffic of 9%. Telecom Americas was formed in November 2000, and thus no comparable information is available for 2000.
Operating loss decreased by 97.8% in 2002.
Colombia
We began consolidating Comcel in February 2002, so our consolidated financial statements do not reflect revenues or operating income from Colombia prior to that date (except for our equity in the net loss of Telecom Americas). To measure the operating performance of Comcel, we compare its operating revenues and operating income in 2002 and in 2001. On that basis, Comcels operating revenues increased by 26.18% in 2002 and 42.09% in 2001. In 2002, the number of Comcel subscribers increased by 49.7%, to approximately 2.8 million, and there was an increase in total traffic of 43.7%. In 2001, the number of Comcel subscribers increased by 83%, to approximately 1.9 million, and there was an increase in total traffic of 44.7%.
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Operating income was Ps. 244 million in 2002, as compared to an operating loss of Ps. 341 million in 2001. Our operating margin was 6.7% in 2002.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Capital Requirements
Our capital requirements are primarily for the following purposes:
| We must make substantial capital expenditures to continue expanding and improving our networks in each country in which we operate. In 2002, we invested Ps.10,821 million in plant, property and equipment. We estimate capital expenditures for 2003 at approximately U.S.$1.1 billion. See Capital Expenditures under Item 4. |
| We pay dividends, and we may also repurchase our own shares. We paid Ps.595 million in dividends in 2002, and we are paying dividends quarterly in 2003. We also spent Ps.2,108 million repurchasing our own shares in the open market in 2002. Our shareholders have authorized additional repurchases, but we have not made any in 2003 to date, and whether we do so will depend on considerations including the market price and our other capital requirements. |
The following table summarizes certain contractual liabilities as of December 31, 2002. The table does not include short-term debt, accounts payable or pension liabilities:
Payments Due by Period | |||||||||||||||
Total |
Less than 1 year |
1-3 years |
4-5 years |
After 5 years | |||||||||||
(millions of constant pesos as of December 31, 2002) | |||||||||||||||
Contractual obligations as of December 31, 2002: |
|||||||||||||||
Equipment leases |
Ps. | 1,183 | Ps. | 1,161 | Ps. | 22 | | | |||||||
Real estate leases |
Ps. | 1,316 | Ps. | 276 | Ps. | 780 | Ps. | 260 | | ||||||
Long-term debt |
Ps. | 45,314 | Ps. | 10,231 | Ps. | 28,373 | Ps. | 5,122 | Ps. | 1,588 | |||||
Purchase of licenses |
Ps. | 888 | | 296 | Ps. | 296 | Ps. | 296 | |||||||
Total |
Ps. | 48,701 | Ps. | 11,668 | Ps. | 29,471 | Ps. | 5,678 | Ps. | 1,884 | |||||
In connection with the rollout of new GSM networks in Mexico, Brazil, Colombia and Ecuador, we have entered or expect to enter shortly into significant contracts for the purchase of equipment. We have initially budgeted approximately U.S. $1.1 billion for capital expenditures in 2003, principally relating to the new GSM networks. Other than for those contracts and other contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business, we had no other outstanding material purchase commitments as of December 31, 2002.
We have acquired companies with significant capital expenditure requirements and a high level of indebtedness. As a result, our capital requirements have increased. In 2003, the acquisitions of Celcaribe and BSE increased our net debt by U.S.$278 million.
We could have further opportunities to invest in other telecommunications companies outside Mexico, especially in Latin America, because the telecommunications sector currently is continuing to undergo consolidation. We can give no assurance as to the extent, timing or cost of such investments. Some of the assets that we acquire may require significant funding for capital expenditures.
Capital Resources
We generate substantial resources from our operations. In 2002, all of our subsidiaries other than Tracfone generated net resources provided by operating activities. On a consolidated basis, operating activities provided Ps.18,667 million in 2002.
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In addition to funds generated from operations, we have used new borrowings to fund acquisitions and investments. We have relied on a combination of equipment financing, other borrowings from international banks, and borrowings in the Mexican capital markets. Many of the companies we have acquired have had substantial indebtedness. During 2002, we sought to reduce their indebtedness by incurring additional debt at our Mexican companies, which reduces our borrowing costs.
If we seek to raise funds by issuing stock, our bylaws require that we issue stock of each class in the same proportion. This would limit our ability to issue more L Shares, which are the most liquid class of our stock, unless we issue more AA Shares, which are an unlisted class of voting shares currently held only by América Telecom and SBCI.
Outstanding Indebtedness
At December 31, 2002, we had total indebtedness of Ps.46,202 million, as compared to Ps.22,701 million at December 31, 2001. This 103.5% increase was due primarily to consolidation of the debt of Comcel and Telecom Americas. Approximately 77% of our indebtedness at December 31, 2002 was denominated in currencies other than Mexican pesos (approximately 68% in U.S. dollars and 9% in other currencies, principally in reais), and approximately 90% of our debt obligations bore interest at floating rates. Our weighted average cost of all borrowed funds at December 31, 2002 (including interest, commissions and reimbursement of certain lenders for Mexican taxes withheld) was approximately 7.98%.
Our major categories of indebtedness are as follows:
| Equipment financing facilities with support from export development agencies. We have a number of equipment financing facilities, under which export development agencies provide support for financing to purchase exports from their respective countries. These facilities are generally medium- to long-term, with periodic amortization and interest at a spread over LIBOR. They are extended to us or to operating subsidiaries, usually with guarantees from one or more of América Móvil, Telcel or Sercotel. The aggregate amount outstanding under equipment financing facilities at December 31, 2002 was U.S.$820 million. |
| Other bank loans. At December 31, 2002, we had U.S.$2.3 billion outstanding under a number of bank facilities bearing interest at LIBOR plus a spread. For certain of the facilities, the spread over LIBOR can vary if there is a deterioration in our financial condition. The facilities have similar terms as to covenants, and under all of the facilities América Móvil, Sercotel and Telcel are either borrowers or guarantors. For certain of these facilities, Telgua is also a guarantor. |
| Peso-denominated notes. At December 31, 2002, we had Ps.10 billion in senior notes in the Mexican market. In 2003 to date, we have issued a further Ps.1 billion in senior notes. |
| BNDES. ATL, Tess and Americel have outstanding syndicated loans provided with resources of the Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social, the Brazilian federal development bank. These loans are principally denominated in reais, with a portion indexed to U.S. dollars. At December 31, 2002, the aggregate principal amount of these loans was approximately R$750 million plus the equivalent in reais of approximately US$73 million in foreign currencies. |
We are subject to financial and operating covenants under our loan agreements. They limit our ability to pledge our assets, to effect a merger or a sale of all or substantially all of our assets, and to permit restrictions on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends or make distributions to us. The most restrictive financial covenants require us to maintain a consolidated ratio of debt to EBITDA not greater than 3.5 to 1 and a consolidated ratio of EBITDA to interest expense not less than 2.5 to 1 (using terms defined in the loan agreements). Telcel is subject to financial covenants similar to those applicable to América Móvil. A number of our financing instruments are subject to either acceleration or repurchase at the holders option if there is a change of control. In the event of a default under certain material provisions of some of our bank loans, we are prohibited from paying dividends to our shareholders.
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have obligations to purchase additional shares of our subsidiaries Telecom Americas and Conecel at the option of their minority shareholders. In the case of Telecom Americas, its minority shareholder has the right to sell half of his shares to us beginning in 2006 for U.S.$150 million plus interest at a nominal interest rate. The other investors in Conecel have the right to sell virtually all of their shares to us in two tranches in 2004 and 2006, subject to certain conditions. The purchase price is fixed and represents approximately U.S.$48.2 million for the 2004 put and, assuming the 2004 put is exercised in full, U.S.$15.3 million for the 2006 put.
New Item 5.E of Form 20-F, which will be applicable to our annual report next year, will require us to disclose certain off-balance sheet arrangements. Except for the contingent purchase obligations described above, as of December 31, 2002, we had no such off-balance sheet arrangements.
U.S. GAAP Reconciliation
We had net income under U.S. GAAP of Ps.5,807 million in 2002 and a net loss of Ps.645 million in 2001. Compared to Mexican GAAP, net income under U.S. GAAP was 26.2% higher in 2002. In 2001, net loss under U.S. GAAP was 26.4% lower compared to Mexican GAAP.
There are several differences between Mexican GAAP and U.S. GAAP that significantly affect our net income and stockholders equity. In 2002, for U.S. GAAP purposes, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, Business Combinations, and No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. As a result, for U.S. GAAP purposes we wrote off in 2002 the unamortized negative goodwill at December 31, 2001 and we no longer amortize goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. Another significant difference between U.S. and Mexican GAAP is how the carrying value of plant, property and equipment is restated to reflect effects of inflation. Under Mexican GAAP, we restate fixed assets of non-Mexican origin based on the rate of inflation in the country of origin and the prevailing exchange rate at the balance sheet date, while under U.S. GAAP we use the Mexican inflation rate. In 2001 and 2002, this resulted in lower net income under U.S. GAAP, because Mexican inflation exceeded the rate used to restate fixed assets of non-Mexican origin. Other differences that affected 2001 and 2002 net income relate to unrealized gains on securities, interest on assets under construction, and deferred income tax and employee profit sharing. The differences in stockholders equity under Mexican GAAP and U.S. GAAP reflect these same matters. For a discussion of the principal differences between Mexican GAAP and U.S. GAAP, see Note 20 to our consolidated financial statements.
Use of Estimates in Certain Accounting Policies
In preparing our financial statements, we make estimates concerning a variety of matters. Some of these matters are highly uncertain, and our estimates involve judgments we make based on the information available to us. In the discussion below, we have identified several of these matters for which our financial presentation would be materially affected if either (a) we used different estimates that we could reasonably have used or (b) in the future we change our estimates in response to changes that are reasonably likely to occur.
The discussion addresses only those estimates that we consider most important based on the degree of uncertainty and the likelihood of a material impact if we used a different estimate. There are many other areas in which we use estimates about uncertain matters, but the reasonably likely effect of changed or different estimates is not material to our financial presentation.
Estimated useful lives of plant, property and equipment
We estimate the useful lives of particular classes of plant, property and equipment in order to determine the amount of depreciation expense to be recorded in each period. Depreciation expense is a very significant element
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of our costs and expenses, amounting in 2002 to Ps.6,180 million, or 13.7% of our operating costs and expenses, under Mexican GAAP, and Ps.6,724 million, or 15.1% of our operating costs and expenses, under U.S. GAAP. See notes 6 and 20 to our consolidated financial statements.
The estimates are based on historical experience with similar assets, anticipated technological changes and other factors, taking into account the practices of other telecommunications companies. We review estimated useful lives each year to determine whether they should be changed, and at times we have changed them for particular classes of assets. We may shorten the estimated useful life of an asset class in response to technological changes, changes in the market or other developments. This results in increased depreciation expense, and in some cases it can result in our recognizing an impairment charge to reflect a write-down in value.
Impairment
We carry substantial amounts on our balance sheet for plant, property and equipment and for goodwill that are based on historical costs net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. We are required to evaluate each year whether these assets are impaired, that is, whether their future capacity to generate cash does not justify maintaining them at their carrying values. If they are impaired, we are required to recognize a loss by writing off part of their value. The analysis we perform requires that we estimate the future cash flows attributable to these assets, and these estimates require us to make a variety of judgments about our future operations. Changes in these judgments could require us to recognize impairment losses in future periods. Our evaluations in 2002 did not result in any significant impairment of our consolidated goodwill or plant, property and equipment.
Our equity-method affiliate CompUSA wrote-off goodwill by U.S.$410 million in 2002 upon adopting Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.
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Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees
Directors
Management of our business is vested in our Board of Directors. Our bylaws provide for the Board of Directors to consist of between 5 and 20 directors and allow for the appointment of an equal number of alternate directors. Directors need not be shareholders. A majority of our directors and a majority of the alternate directors must be Mexican nationals and elected by Mexican shareholders. A majority of the holders of the AA Shares and A Shares voting together elect a majority of the directors and alternate directors, provided that any holder or group of holders of at least 10% of the total AA Shares and A Shares is entitled to name one director. Two directors and two alternate directors, if any, are elected by a majority vote of the holders of L Shares. Each alternate director may attend meetings of the Board of Directors and vote in the absence of a corresponding director. Directors and alternate directors are elected or ratified at each annual ordinary general meeting of shareholders and each annual ordinary special meeting of holders of L Shares, and each serves until a successor is elected and takes office. Pursuant to our bylaws and Mexican law, at least 25% of our directors and 25% of our alternate directors must be independent, as defined under the Mexican Securities Market Law. In order to have a quorum for a meeting of the Board of Directors, a majority of those present must be Mexican nationals.
All of the current members of the Board of Directors and of the Executive, Audit and Compensation Committees were elected or ratified at a shareholders meeting held on April 7, 2003, with 8 directors elected by the AA Shares and A Shares voting together and two directors elected by the L Shares. No alternate directors were appointed. América Telecom and SBC International have agreed to vote for the number of directors and alternate directors named by América Telecom and SBC International, respectively, in proportion to their respective share ownership.
Our bylaws provide that the members of the Board of Directors are appointed for terms of one year. Pursuant to Mexican law, members of the Board continue in their positions after the expiration of their terms if new members are not appointed. The names and positions of the current members of the Board, their dates of birth, and information on their committee membership and principal business activities outside América Móvil are as follows:
Carlos Slim Helú |
Born: | 1940 | ||
Chairman and Member of the |
First elected: Term Expires: |
2000 2004 | ||
Principal occupation: | Honorary Chairman of the Board of Directors of Grupo Carso, S.A. de C.V. | |||
Other directorships and business experience: |
Chairman of the Board of Directors of Telmex and Grupo Financiero Inbursa, S.A. de C.V. | |||
Daniel Hajj Aboumrad |
Born: | 1966 | ||
Director and Member of the Executive |
First elected: Term Expires: |
2000 2004 | ||
Principal occupation: | Chief Executive Officer of América Móvil | |||
Other directorships: | Director of Carso Global Telecom, América Telecom and Grupo Carso, S.A. de C.V. | |||
Business experience: | Chief Executive Officer of Hulera Euzkadi, S.A. de C.V. |
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Jaime Chico Pardo |
Born: | 1950 | ||
Director |
First elected: | 2000 | ||
Term Expires: | 2004 | |||
Principal occupation: | Chief Executive Officer of Telmex | |||
Other directorships: | Vice-chairman of the Board of Directors of Telmex; Director of América Telecom, S.A. de C.V., Carso Global Telecom, S.A. de C.V., Grupo Carso, S.A. de C.V. and Honeywell International | |||
Business experience: | Chief Executive Officer of Grupo Condumex, President of Corporación Industrial Llantera (Euzkadi General Tire de Mexico) | |||
Alejandro Soberón Kuri |
Born: | 1960 | ||
Director and chairman of the Audit Committee |
First elected: Term Expires: |
2000 2004 | ||
Principal occupation: | Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Corporación Interamericana de Entretenimiento, S.A. de C.V. | |||
Other Directorships | Director of Telmex, Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A. de C.V. and Corporación Interamericana de Entretenimiento, S.A. de C.V. | |||
María Asunción Aramburuzabala Larregui |
Born: | 1963 | ||
Director and Member of the Audit Committee |
First elected: Term Expires: |
2000 2004 | ||
Principal occupation: | Chief Executive Officer of Tresalia Capital | |||
Other Directorships: | Director of Grupo Modelo, S.A. de C.V., Grupo Televisa, S.A., Grupo Financiero Banamex-Accival, S.A. de C.V. and KIO Networks | |||
Business experience: | President of Tresalia Capital | |||
Rafael Robles Miaja |
Born: | 1965 | ||
Director and Corporate Secretary |
First elected: | 2000 | ||
Term Expires: | 2004 | |||
Principal occupation: | Partner, Franck, Galicia y Robles, S.C. | |||
Other Directorships: | Corporate Secretary of Carso Global Telecom, S.A. de C.V., Sears Roebuck de México, S.A. de C.V., América Telecom, S.A. de C.V. and Parras Cone de México, S.A. de C.V. |
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Jonathan P. Klug |
Born: | 1956 | ||
Director |
First elected: | 2003 | ||
Term Expires: | 2004 | |||
Principal occupation: | Vice-president Finance of SBC International Inc. | |||
Other directorships: | Director of Belgacan, S.A., Telkom SA Limited, ADSB Telecommunications B.V. and TDA A/S. | |||
James W. Callaway |
Born: | 1946 | ||
Director and Member of the |
First elected: | 2003 | ||
Executive Committee |
Term Expires: | 2004 | ||
Principal occupation: | Group President SBC Communications, Inc. | |||
Business experience: | Director of Belgacan, S.A., TDC A/S and Teléfonos de México, S.A. de C.V. | |||
Claudio X. González Laporte |
Born: | 1934 | ||
Director and Member of the |
First elected: | 2000 | ||
Compensation Committee |
Term Expires: | 2004 | ||
Principal occupation: | Chief Executive Officer of Kimberly Clark de México, S.A. de C.V. | |||
Other directorships: | Director of the Kimberly Clark Corporation, Kellogg Company, IBM Latin America and Grupo Carso, S.A. de C.V. | |||
Business experience: | Various positions at the Kimberly Clark Corporation | |||
David Ibarra Muñoz |
Born: | 1930 | ||
Director and Member of the |
First elected: |
2000 | ||
Audit Committee |
Term Expires: | 2004 | ||
Other directorships: | Director of Grupo Financiero Inbursa, S.A. de C.V. | |||
Business experience: | Chief Executive Officer of Nacional Financiera, served in the Mexican Ministry of Finance and Public Credit |
Daniel Hajj Aboumrad is the son-in-law of Carlos Slim Helú.
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Executive Committee
Our bylaws provide that the Executive Committee may generally exercise the powers of the Board of Directors, with certain exceptions. In addition, the Board of Directors is required to consult the Executive Committee before deciding on certain matters set forth in the bylaws, and the Executive Committee must provide its views within ten calendar days following a request from the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or the Chairman of the Board of Directors. If the Executive Committee is unable to make a recommendation within ten calendar days, the Board of Directors is authorized to act without such recommendation. The Executive Committee may not delegate its powers to special delegates or attorneys-in-fact.
The Executive Committee is elected from among the directors and alternate directors by a majority vote of the holders of common shares (AA Shares and A Shares). The Executive Committee is currently compromised of three members. The majority of its members must be of Mexican nationality and elected by Mexican shareholders. Our controlling shareholders have agreed that two of its members shall be named by Mexican controlling shareholders and one member by SBC International, Inc. See Major Shareholders. The current members of the Executive Committee are Carlos Slim Helú and Daniel Hajj Aboumrad, named by the Mexican controlling shareholders, and James Callaway, named by SBC International, Inc.
Audit Committee
The Audit Committee consists of Messrs. Alejandro Soberón Kuri, chairman, David Ibarra Muñoz and María Asunción Aramburuzabala Larregui. The mandate of the Audit Committee is to establish and monitor procedures and controls in order to ensure that the financial information we distribute is useful, appropriate and reliable and accurately reflects our financial position. In particular, it is required (a) to assist the Board of Directors in selecting candidates for our auditors and reviewing the scope and terms of their engagement, (b) to assist the Executive Committee in monitoring the performance of our auditors and re-evaluating the terms of their engagement, (c) to recommend procedures for preparing financial statements and internal controls, (d) to monitor internal controls and to monitor accounting for specified types of matters, (e) to propose procedures for the preparation of financial statements for internal use that are consistent with the published financial statements, (f) to review with the auditors the annual financial statements and the accounting principles being applied in the annual and the interim financial statements, (g) to report to the Board of Directors on its activities, (h) to opine on transactions with related parties as defined in the Securities Market Law and propose consulting independent specialists to opine on such transactions and (i) to perform any other functions the Board of Directors may delegate to the Audit Committee. In addition, pursuant to our bylaws and Mexican law, (i) the Audit Committee is required to submit an annual report to the Board of Directors and to our shareholders and (ii) the Board must seek the opinion of the Audit Committee regarding any transaction with a related party that is outside the ordinary course of our business. Each member of the Audit Committee is independent, as independence is defined in the Mexican Securities Market Law. Each member of the Audit Committee is also independent, as audit committee member independence is defined in Rule 10A-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
Compensation Committee
The Compensation Committee consists of Messrs. David Ibarra Muñoz and Claudio X. González Laporte. The mandate of the Compensation Committee is to assist the Board of Directors in evaluating and compensating our senior executives. In particular, it is required (a) to recommend to the Board of Directors procedures for the selection and succession of our chief executive officer and our principal executives, (b) to propose criteria for evaluating executive performance, (c) to analyze the proposals of the chief executive officer concerning the structure and amount of compensation for our senior executives, and to raise them with the Board of Directors, (d) to review new executive compensation programs and the operations of existing programs, (e) to establish contracting practices to avoid excessive payments to executives, (f) to assist the Board of Directors in developing appropriate personnel policies, (g) to participate with the Board of Directors in developing a plan for employees
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to invest in our L Shares, and to review the implementation of such plan, (h) to report to the Board of Directors on its activities and (i) to perform any other functions the Board of Directors may delegate to the Compensation Committee.
Senior Management
The names, responsibilities and prior business experience of our senior officers are as follows:
Daniel Hajj Aboumrad |
Appointed: | 2000 | ||
Chief Executive Officer |
Business Experience: | Director of Telmexs Mexican subsidiaries, Chief Executive Officer of Companía Hulera Euzkadi, S.A. de C.V. | ||
Carlos José García Moreno Elizondo |
Appointed: | 2001 | ||
Chief Financial Officer |
Business Experience: | General Director of Public Credit at Mexican Ministry of Finance and Public Credit, Managing Director of UBS Warburg, Associate Director of financing at Petróleos Mexicanos, S.A. de C.V. (Pemex) | ||
Carlos Cárdenas Blásquez |
Appointed: | 2000 | ||
Latin American Operations |
Business Experience: | Various positions at Telmex, including Operating Manager for the paging service Company Buscatel, S.A. de C.V. and Vice-President of operations for Telmex USA, Manager at Grupo Financiero Inbursa, S.A. de C.V. | ||
José Elias Briones Capetillo |
Appointed: | 2001 | ||
Administration and Finance |
Business Experience: | Comptroller of Telcel | ||
Alejandro Cantú Jiménez |
Appointed: | 2001 | ||
General Counsel |
Business Experience: | Mijares, Angoitia, Cortés y Fuentes, S.C. | ||
Alfonso Gallardo Sosa |
Appointed: | 2001 | ||
Treasurer |
Business Experience: | Investment Banking Director at UBS Warburg | ||
Walter Lopez Burgoa |
Appointed: | 2001 | ||
Comptroller |
Business Experience: | Chief Financial Officer of Scala Azteca, S.A. de C.V. |
Mr. Carlos Cárdenas Blásquez is the son-in-law of Jaime Chico Pardo, one of our directors.
Statutory Auditors
Under our bylaws, the holders of a majority of our outstanding common shares (AA Shares and A Shares) may elect one or more statutory auditors (comisarios) and corresponding alternate statutory auditors, who serve until a successor is elected. Statutory auditors are normally elected or ratified at the annual general shareholders meetings. The primary role of the statutory auditors is to report to the shareholders at the annual ordinary general meeting regarding the accuracy of the financial information presented to such holders by the Board of Directors. The statutory auditors are also authorized to:
| call ordinary or extraordinary general meetings, |
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| place items on the agenda for meetings of shareholders or the Board of Directors, |
| attend meetings of shareholders, the Board of Directors or the Executive Committee, and |
| generally monitor our affairs. |
The statutory auditors also receive monthly reports from the Board of Directors regarding material aspects of our affairs, including our financial condition. The current statutory auditor and alternate statutory auditor are:
Name |
Position | |
Agustín Aguilar Laurents |
Statutory Auditor | |
Francisco Álvarez del Campo |
Alternate Statutory Auditor |
According to our bylaws and Mexican law, any holder or group of holders of at least 10% of our capital stock is entitled to name one statutory auditor. The appointment of statutory auditors elected as described above may only be revoked if the appointment of statutory auditors elected by the majority of the holders of our common shares is also revoked.
Compensation of Directors and Senior Management
The aggregate compensation paid to our senior management and directors in 2002 was approximately Ps.14.7 million and Ps.1.6 million, respectively. The aggregate compensation paid to the senior management of Telcel in 2002 was approximately Ps.62.7 million. Provisions to provide pension, retirement or similar benefits for management were approximately Ps.1.77 million.
During 2001, we established a stock option plan for our most senior executives. Our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors authorized the plan, reserving a total of 3,215,000 Series L Shares from our treasury. The subscription price for the 2001 plan is Ps.1.00 per share. Participants under the plan may exercise 25% of the options during 2001, 25% during 2002, 25% during 2003 and the remaining 25% during 2004. Because the options do not expire if not exercised in a particular year, however, a participant could wait until the fourth anniversary of the plan to exercise 100% of the options granted by us. During 2002, we established a second plan, which functions under the same rules as the 2001 plan, with a one-year lag. An additional 2,939,000 Series L Shares from our treasury were reserved. As of May 31, 2003, a total of 1,319,750 Series L Shares have been acquired by our employees under our stock option plan.
Share Ownership
According to beneficial ownership reports filed with the SEC, Carlos Slim Helú, the chairman of our Board of Directors, and certain members of his immediate family together own a majority of the voting stock of América Telecom, S.A. de C.V., our controlling shareholder. See Major Shareholders. To our knowledge, none of our other directors, alternate directors or executive officers is the beneficial owner of more than 1% of any class of our capital stock.
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The following table sets forth the number of employees and a breakdown of employees by main category of activity and geographic location as of the end of each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002:
December 31, | ||||||
2000 |
2001 |
2002 | ||||
Number of employees |
13,450 | 14,786 | 17,553 | |||
Category of activity: |
||||||
Wireless |
8,789 | 11,942 | 14,949 | |||
Fixed |
4,661 | 2,844 | 2,604 | |||
Geographic location: |
||||||
Mexico |
6,452 | 7,644 | 7,943 | |||
United States |
1,128 | 646 | 466 | |||
Other Latin America |
5,455 | 6,496 | 9,144 |
As of December 31, 2002, the Progressive Union of Communication and Transport Workers of the Mexican Republic (Sindicato Progresista de Trabajadores de Comunicación y Transporte de la República Mexicana) represented approximately 83.05% of the employees of Telcel. All management positions at Telcel are held by non-union employees. Salaries and certain benefits are renegotiated every year. In May 2002, Telcel and the union agreed to a 5.5% nominal increase in basic wages, retroactive to March 2002.
Under our labor agreements and Mexican labor law, we are obligated to pay seniority premiums to retiring employees and pension and death benefits to retired employees. Retirees will be entitled to receive pension increases whenever salary increases are granted to current employees.
Telecom Americas has eight active employee unions: the Telecommunications Union of Rio de Janeiro (Sindicato de Telecomunicações do Rio de Janeiro); the Telecommunications Union of CampinasSão Paulo (Sindicato de Telecomunicações de CampinasSão Paulo); the Telecommunications Union of Rio Grande do Sul (Sindicato de Telecomunicações do Rio Grande do Sul); Federation Union of Brasília, Amapa, Rondonia, Tocantis e Roraima (Federação dos Sindicatos de Brasília, Amapa, Rondonia, Tocantis e Roraima); the Telecommunications Union of Mato Grosso do Sul (Sindicato de Telecomunicações do Mato Grosso do Sul); the Telecommunications Union of Goias (Sindicato de Telecomunicação de Goias); the Telecommunications Union of Acre (Sindicato de Telecomunicaçãom do Acre) and the Telecommunications Union of Espirito Santo (Sindicato de Telecomunicação do Espirito Santo). As of December 31, 2002, 6% of the Telecom Americas employees are members of these unions. Salaries and certain benefits are renegotiated every year. All management positions at Telecom Americas are held by non-union employees.
Telgua has three active employee unions: the Telecommunications Union (Sindicato de las Telecomunicaciones y Similares), which had 393 members representing 15% of Telguas employees as of December 31, 2002; the Telgua Workers Union (Sindicato de los Trabajadores de las Empresa Telgua S.A.), which had 511 members representing 19.6% of Telguas employees as of December 31, 2002; and the Guatemalan Telecommunications Workers Union (Sindicato de los Trabajadores Guatemaltecos de Telecomunicaciones), which had 172 members representing 6.6% of Telguas employees as of December 31, 2002. All management positions at Telgua are held by non-union employees. Under Guatemalan law, Guatemalan companies are required to negotiate only with the largest of its employees unions.
Our subsidiaries Comcel and TracFone have no active employee unions.
We believe that we have good current relations with our workforce.
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Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions
The AA Shares represented 92.61% of the full voting shares (AA Shares and A Shares) and 28.23% of the total capital stock of América Móvil as of December 31, 2002. The AA Shares are owned by América Telecom, S.A. de C.V., SBC International Inc. (SBCI), a subsidiary of the U.S. telecommunications company SBC Communications, Inc. and certain other Mexican investors. The following table sets forth their respective ownership amounts and percentages of AA Shares as of April 30, 2003.
Shareholder |
AA Shares Owned (millions) |
Percent of Class |
Percent of Voting Shares(1) |
|||||
América Telecom |
2,500 | 68.5 | % | 63.5 | % | |||
SBCI |
984 | 26.9 | 25.0 | |||||
Other Mexican investors |
163 | 4.4 | 4.1 | |||||
Total |
3,647 | 100.0 | % | 92.6 | % |
(1) | AA Shares and A Shares. |
América Telecom was established in November 2001 in a spin-off from Carso Global Telecom using a procedure under Mexican corporate law called escisión or split-up. Carso Global Telecom holds interests in the telecommunications sector and was spun off from Grupo Carso, S.A. de C.V. in 1996. According to reports of beneficial ownership of our shares filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, Carlos Slim Helú and certain members of his immediate family together own a majority of the voting stock of América Telecom.
América Telecom, as successor to Carso Global Telecom, and SBCI are parties to an agreement entered into in December 2000 relating to their ownership of AA Shares. Among other things, the agreement subjects certain transfers of AA Shares by either party to a right of first offer in favor of the other party, although the right of first offer does not apply to the conversion of AA Shares to L Shares, as permitted by our bylaws, or the subsequent transfer of L Shares. The agreement also provides for the composition of the Board of Directors and the Executive Committee and for each party to enter into a Management Services Agreement with us. See Directors and Executive Committee under Item 6 and Related Party Transactions.
The following table identifies each owner of more than 5% of any class of our shares as of April 30, 2003. Except as described below, we are not aware of any holder of more than 5% of any class of our shares.
AA Shares(1) |
A Shares(2) |
L Shares(3) |
||||||||||||||||
Shareholder |
Shares Owned (millions) |
Percent of Class |
Shares Owned (millions) |
Percent of Class |
Shares Owned (millions) |
Percent of Class |
Percent of Voting Shares(4) |
|||||||||||
América Telecom(5) |
2,500 | 68.5 | % | 46 | 16.0 | % | 1,789 | 19.9 | % | 64.7 | % | |||||||
SBCI |
984 | 26.9 | | | | | 25.0 | |||||||||||
Brandes Investment Partners(6) |
| | | | 1,070 | 11.9 | |
(1) | As of April 30, 2003, there were approximately 3,647 million AA Shares outstanding, representing 92.7% of the total full voting shares (AA Shares and A Shares). |
(2) | As of April 30, 2003, there were approximately 287 million A Shares outstanding, representing 7.24% of the total full voting shares (AA Shares and A Shares). |
(3) | As of April 30, 2003, there were approximately 8,982 million L Shares outstanding, which represents 69.5% of the capital stock outstanding. |
(4) | AA Shares and A Shares. |
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(5) | As of December 31, 2002, Carlos Slim Helú and certain members of his immediate family may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of 2,500 million AA Shares, 48 million A Shares and 1,712 million L Shares (including shares owned by América Telecom and Grupo Financiero Inbursa, S.A.). |
(6) | As of December 31, 2002, as reported in an amendment to Schedule 13G, filed by Brandes Investment Partners on February 14, 2003. |
As of March 15, 2003, 80.6% of the outstanding L Shares were represented by L Share ADSs, each representing the right to receive 20 L Shares, and 99.6% of the L Share ADSs were held by 15,395 holders (including The Depositary Trust Company) with registered addressees in the United States. 26.5% of the A Shares were held in the form of A Share ADSs, each representing the right to receive 20 A Shares, and 99.9% of the A Share ADSs were held by 4,204 holders with registered addresses in the United States. Each A Share may be exchanged at the option of the holder for one L Share.
We may repurchase our shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange from time to time up to a specified maximum aggregate value authorized by the holders of AA Shares and A Shares and our Board of Directors. In March 2001, we were authorized by our shareholders to repurchase shares with an aggregate value of up to Ps.5,000 million; in July 2001, we were authorized to repurchase an additional Ps.5,000 million; and in April 2003 we were authorized to repurchase an additional Ps.5,000 million, for a total aggregate value of Ps.15,000 million. As of March 15, 2003, we had repurchased 1,087 million L Shares and 6 million A Shares, with an aggregate value of approximately Ps.8,617 million.
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Transactions with Telmex
We have and will likely continue to have a variety of contractual relationships with Telmex and its subsidiaries. These include agreements arising out of the spin-off and certain transitional arrangements.
Continuing Commercial Relationships
Because Telmex and Telcel provide telecommunications services in the same geographical markets, they have extensive operational relationships. These include interconnection between their respective networks; use of facilities, particularly for the co-location of equipment on premises owned by Telmex; use by Telcel of Telmexs private circuits; and use by each of the services provided by the other. These operational relationships are subject to a variety of different agreements, which, for the most part, were in place prior to the spin-off and will continue in effect without being significantly modified as a result of the spin-off. Many of them are also subject to specific regulations governing all telecommunications operators. The terms of these agreements are similar to those on which each company does business with other, unaffiliated parties.
These operational relationships between Telcel and Telmex are material to our financial performance. In 2002, 13.57% of our total revenues (Ps.8,412 million) was attributable to interconnection with Telmex, primarily representing payments under the calling party pays system arising from fixed-to-mobile calls. We had Ps.480 million in accounts receivable from Telmex and subsidiaries at December 31, 2002. Also in 2002, 10.63% of our operating costs (Ps.3,498 million) was attributable to payments to Telmex, primarily representing interconnection payments for long-distance calls carried by Telmex and use of facilities under leases and colocation agreements with Telmex.
Telmex distributes Telcel handsets and prepaid cards on commercial terms similar to those given to other cellular distributors. See Mexican OperationsSales and Distribution under Item 4.
Implementation of the Spin-off
The creation of América Móvil and the transfer of assets and liabilities to us was effected by the action of the extraordinary shareholders meeting of Telmex held on September 25, 2000. Neither we nor Telmex has made any promises to the other regarding the value of any of the assets we received in the spin-off. Under the shareholder resolutions adopted at the meeting, we are obligated to indemnify Telmex against any liability, expense, cost or contribution asserted against Telmex that arises out of the assets owned directly or indirectly by Sercotel, S.A. de C.V., the subsidiary whose shares were transferred to us in the spin-off.
We have entered into an agreement with Telmex to ensure that the purposes of the spin-off are fully achieved. Among other things, this agreement provides in general terms as follows:
| We agree to indemnify Telmex against any loss or expense resulting from the assertion against Telmex of any liabilities or claims that were transferred to us in the spin-off or that relate to the businesses transferred to us in the spin-off. |
| Telmex agrees to indemnify us against any loss or expense resulting from the assertion against us of any liabilities or claims that were retained by Telmex in the spin-off or that relate to the businesses retained by Telmex in the spin-off. |
| The parties agree to cooperate in obtaining consents or approvals, giving notices or making filings, as may be required as a result of the spin-off or in order to achieve the purposes of the spin-off. |
| Each party agrees to provide the other with information required to prepare financial statements, tax returns, regulatory filings or submissions and for other specified purposes. |
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| Each party agrees to maintain the confidentiality of any information concerning the other that it obtained prior to the spin-off or that it obtains in connection with the implementation of the spin-off. |
| Each party agrees that it will not take any action that could reasonably be expected to prevent the spin-off from qualifying as tax-free under Mexican or U.S. federal tax laws. |
| Each party releases the other from certain claims arising prior to the spin-off. Telmex makes no representations concerning the assets transferred directly or indirectly in the spin-off. |
| With respect to undertakings Telmex has given for the benefit of creditors of subsidiaries and affiliates that were transferred to us, we and Telmex agree to use our best efforts to replace each of these undertakings with undertakings of América Móvil or our subsidiaries. |
Telmex has guaranteed two loan facilities granted to ATL by Brazilian banks, and, we have entered into an agreement with Telmex under which:
| we will reimburse and indemnify Telmex against any claim of creditors of ATL, up to Telmexs U.S.$104 million maximum obligation, |
| we will pay Telmex a guarantee fee of 0.25% per annum, and |
| we and Telmex agree to transfer these obligations to us as soon as reasonably practicable. |
See Liquidity and Capital Resources under Item 5.
Transitional Services
Following the spin-off, Telmex provided certain services to América Móvil on an interim basis while we developed the personnel and systems necessary to provide these services ourselves. The services were generally provided at a fixed periodic price based on the estimated cost of providing the services plus a percentage. They include legal, financial, administrative, accounting and investor relations services. Telmex no longer provides these transitional services.
Transactions with Other Affiliates
We own 49% of the shares of CompUSA. The remaining interest in CompUSA is currently owned by U.S. Commercial Corp. S.A. de C.V., which is an affiliate of América Móvil.
Telcel purchases materials or services from a variety of companies that, according to beneficial ownership reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, are under common control with our controlling shareholder América Telecom. These include insurance and banking services provided by Grupo Financiero Inbursa and its subsidiaries. Telcel purchases these materials and services on terms no less favorable than it could obtain from unaffiliated parties, and would have access to other sources if our affiliates ceased to provide them on competitive terms. In addition, we obtain consulting services from América Telecom from time to time.
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See Item 18Financial Statements and pages F-1 through F-75.
The declaration, amount and payment of dividends by América Móvil is determined by majority vote of the holders of AA Shares and A Shares, generally on the recommendation of the Board of Directors, and depends on our results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements, future prospects and other factors deemed relevant by the holders of AA Shares and A Shares. We declared a dividend in April 2002 of Ps.0.044 for A shares and AA shares, payable in four equal installments of Ps.0.011 per share in June, September and December 2002 and March 2003. In an ordinary shareholders meeting held on April 7, 2003, our shareholders resolved to pay a dividend of Ps.0.06 per share, payable in four installments of Ps.0.015 per share, for each AA, A and L Share outstanding on the payment dates of June 26, 2003, September 25, 2003, December 24, 2003 and March 25, 2004.
Our bylaws provide that holders of AA Shares, A Shares and L Shares participate on a per-share basis in dividend payments and other distributions, subject to certain preferential dividend rights of holders of L Shares. See BylawsDividend Rights and BylawsPreferential Rights of L Shares under Item 10.
Telcel
In November 1995, a competitor of Telcel that provides cellular telephone services reported Telmex and Telcel to COFECO, the Federal Competition Commission, for alleged monopolistic practices. In July 2001, COFECO ruled that Telmex was responsible for the alleged monopolistic practices. The ruling did not find Telcel responsible for such practices. Telmex appealed this ruling, and its appeal was denied.
Administrative proceedings were commenced in January, June and July 2001 by COFECO against Telcel for alleged monopolistic practices related to the wireless telecommunications industry. In May 2002, COFECO ruled against Telcel in connection with the proceeding begun in January. Telcel appealed this ruling in June 2002. In September 2002, COFECO ruled against this appeal. Telcel filed a lawsuit against this ruling in January 2003, the resolution of which is still pending.
With respect to the administrative proceedings commenced in June 2001, COFECO ruled against Telcel in January 2003, and Telcel appealed this ruling. In May 2003, COFECO ruled against Telcel in connection with this proceeding and Telcel plans to file a lawsuit shortly in federal court challenging this ruling. In March 2003, COFECO issued a resolution favorable to Telcel with respect to the administrative proceedings commenced in July 2001. We expect that this resolution will be appealed by the company that filed the claim that led COFECO to open proceedings.
If we are unsuccessful in challenging these proceedings, they may result in fines or specific regulations applicable to Telcel.
Telgua
In June 2000, the executive branch of the Guatemalan government issued declarations concerning Empresa Guatemalteca de Telecomunicaciones (Guatel), a Guatemalan state agency that conducted the privatization of Telgua. The declarations stated that certain actions of Guatel relating to the privatization of Telgua were contrary to the interests of the Guatemalan State. In September 2000, the Guatemalan government commenced judicial proceedings against Guatel, Telgua and certain other parties involved in the privatization of Telgua seeking reversal of the privatization.
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In October 2001, the Guatemalan State announced a governmental accord issued by the President of Guatemala and the Cabinet Ministers establishing the principal terms and conditions of a settlement agreement among the Guatemalan State, Telgua, Guatel and America Central Te, S.A. (ACT, formerly Luca, S.A.), and ordering the Attorney General of Guatemala to enter into such agreement in the name and on behalf of the Guatemalan State.
Under the terms of the settlement agreement, which was executed on October 2001, Telgua agreed, among other things, (i) to undertake a fixed, mobile, rural and internet telephone development project within Guatemala, to be completed within a period of three years and to consist of an investment of at least 1,950 million quetzals (approximately U.S.$246 million), and (ii) to establish a total of 380,000 public, mobile and rural telephone lines. In addition, as part of the settlement agreement, ACT agreed to pay Guatel a sum of U.S.$350 million, which was the balance owed under the agreement for the sale of Telgua shares between Guatel, as the seller, and ACT as the buyer, in October 1998, plus accrued interest through the date of actual payment.
In October 2001, (i) ACT paid Guatel a total of U.S.$452 million, corresponding to the balance owed under the agreement for the sale of Telgua shares, plus accrued interest as of such date, and (ii) Guatel instructed Citibank N.A. to release the collateral of 95% of the capital stock of Telgua, which was pledged in 1998 as guarantee of the payment of the sale price for the shares of Telgua.
Pursuant to the settlement agreement, the Guatemalan State, ACT and Telgua agreed to abandon all litigation and related actions with respect to this matter. While the competent court held that as a procedural matter the attorney for the Guatemalan State could not withdraw the States claims, it recognized the settlement agreement and ordered the files closed. The States lawyers have filed a compulsory appeal, which we expect the court to deny. In addition, certain third parties to the litigation have filed petitions seeking clarification of the effect of the courts decision. We do not expect these proceedings to affect the substance of the settlement agreement.
During 2002, certain former government officials presented claims to the Guatemalan courts challenging the validity of the October 2001 settlement agreement on the grounds that they should have been included as parties. These actions are pending.
In addition, judicial proceedings were commenced in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in March 2001 by International Telecom, Inc. (ITI) against Generadora Eléctrica de Oriente, S.A. (GEDO), Antonio Jorge Álvarez and Telgua, alleging breach of contract, tortious interference with contract and fraud in connection with an international telecommunications service agreement. In March 2002, the court granted Telguas motion to dismiss the case against it for lack of personal jurisdiction, holding that Telgua had insufficient contacts with New York to subject it to jurisdiction in that forum. In May 2002, the court denied ITIs motion for reargument of the case. In December 2002, the court entered a default judgment against GEDO and Mr. Álvarez, and assigned the case to a magistrate judge to determine damages. The magistrate is expected to issue a ruling on damages within the next two months. Once damages have been established by the court, ITI, GEDO or Mr. Álvarez may appeal the decision dismissing Telgua from the litigation to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.
Comcel
The Colombian tax authorities have demanded that Comcel and Occel pay additional value-added taxes arising from cellular activation fees in 1995 and 1996. Comcel and Occel have challenged these claims before the corresponding administrative authorities. The administrative authorities have reviewed several of the bi-monthly tax periods in question and have decided all of them in favor of Comcel and Occel. The amount claimed by the tax authorities (including fines and interest) relating to the tax periods for which challenges were still pending as of December 31, 2002 totaled approximately Colombian Ps.19.6 billion for Comcel and Ps. 2.7 billion for Occel.
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In the opinion of its management, Comcel and Occel have appropriately filed and paid the value-added tax for all of the periods in question and has made no provisions in its financial statements as of December 31, 2002 against these proceedings.
In March 2000, the Colombian Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio (SIC) issued Resolution No. 4954, requiring Comcel to pay a fine of Colombian Ps.234 million for alleged anti-competitive behavior. In addition to this administrative fine, the SIC ordered Comcel to pay damages to other long distance operators. The long distance operators estimated their damages to be US$70 million. Comcel requested an administrative review of the damages decision, which was denied in June 2000. Comcel appealed and the appeal was rejected in November 2000. Comcel resubmitted the appeal in February 2001.
Comcel also filed a special action in court challenging the denial of the administrative review. Following a series of court proceedings, a Colombian appeals court in June 2002 ordered that Comcels February 2001 appeal be granted and that the administrative decision against Comcel be reviewed. After additional proceedings, the Consejo Superior de la Judicatura ratified this decision. As a result, an appeals court is currently reviewing the merits of the decision regarding Comcels alleged anti-competitive behavior.
CompUSA
In January 2000, a lawsuit was filed against our affiliate CompUSA and certain other defendants, including James Halpin, its former chief executive officer, on behalf of COC Services, Ltd. (COC) alleging, among other things, breach of contract, tortious interference and conspiracy. The jury trial concluded in February 2001 with a jury verdict against CompUSA in the amount of U.S.$90 million in actual damages and U.S.$94.5 million in exemplary damages. The verdict also awarded actual and punitive damages in the amount of U.S.$90 million and U.S.$175 million against Mr. Halpin. Actual and punitive damages were also awarded against the remaining defendants.
In March 2001, CompUSA filed a motion with the trial court for judgment notwithstanding the verdict. In May 2001, the trial court granted the motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict, vacating the award against CompUSA and Mr. Halpin.
COC has appealed the judgment in favor of CompUSA and Mr. Halpin, and the Court of Appeals heard arguments in April 2003. No timetable for the Court of Appeals decision has been set.
Telecom Americas
Anatel has challenged each of Tess and ATL regarding the calculation of inflation-related adjustments due under these companies concession agreements with Anatel. Forty percent of the concession price under each of these agreements was due upon execution and 60% was due in three equal annual installments (subject to inflation-related adjustments and interest) beginning in 1999. Both companies have made these concession payments, but Anatel has rejected the companies calculation of the inflation-related adjustments and requested payment of the alleged deficiencies. The companies have filed actions in Brazilian courts seeking resolution of the disputes. The court of first instance ruled against ATL in October 2001 and subsequently ATL filed appeals, which are pending. No ruling has been made to date in respect of the action filed by Tess. The aggregate contested amounts were approximately R$378 million (including potential penalties and interest) (Ps.1,102 million) at December 31, 2002.
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Our shares and ADSs are listed or quoted on the following markets:
L Shares |
Mexican Stock ExchangeMexico City Mercado de Valores Latinoamericanos en Euros (LATIBEX)Madrid, Spain | |
L Share ADSs |
New York Stock ExchangeNew York Frankfurt Stock ExchangeFrankfurt | |
A Shares |
Mexican Stock ExchangeMexico City | |
A Share ADSs |
NASDAQ National MarketNew York |
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the reported high and low sales prices for the L Shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange and the reported high and low sales prices for the L Share ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange. Prices have not been restated in constant currency units.
Mexican Stock Exchange |
New York Stock Exchange | |||||||||||
High |
Low |
High |
Low | |||||||||
(pesos per L Share) | (U.S. dollars per L Share ADS) | |||||||||||
Annual highs and lows |
||||||||||||
2001 |
Ps. | 11.26 | Ps. | 5.83 | U.S.$ | 23.20 | U.S.$ | 12.29 | ||||
2002 |
9.23 | 5.72 | 20.39 | 11.54 | ||||||||
Quarterly highs and lows |
||||||||||||
2001: |
||||||||||||
First quarter (starting February 7) |
Ps. | 11.26 | Ps. | 6.69 | U.S.$ | 23.20 | U.S.$ | 14.10 | ||||
Second quarter |
10.14 | 6.83 | 22.30 | 14.20 | ||||||||
Third quarter |
9.83 | 5.83 | 21.65 | 12.29 | ||||||||
Fourth quarter |
8.96 | 6.46 | 19.60 | 14.01 | ||||||||
2002: |
||||||||||||
First quarter |
Ps. | 9.23 | Ps. | 8.17 | U.S.$ | 20.39 | U.S.$ | 17.00 | ||||
Second quarter |
9.11 | 5.96 | 19.79 | 11.89 | ||||||||
Third quarter |
7.11 | 5.72 | 14.52 | 11.54 | ||||||||
Fourth quarter |
7.73 | 6.06 | 15.35 | 11.88 | ||||||||
Monthly highs and lows |
||||||||||||
2002: |
||||||||||||
January |
Ps. | 9.19 | Ps. | 8.49 | U.S.$ | 20.05 | U.S.$ | 18.40 | ||||
February |
8.72 | 8.17 | 18.97 | 17.00 | ||||||||
March |
9.23 | 8.43 | 20.39 | 18.45 | ||||||||
April |
8.97 | 8.40 | 19.79 | 18.25 | ||||||||
May |
9.11 | 8.36 | 19.30 | 17.36 | ||||||||
June |
8.28 | 5.96 | 17.04 | 11.89 | ||||||||
July |
7.03 | 6.25 | 14.52 | 12.55 | ||||||||
August |
6.96 | 5.72 | 14.13 | 11.54 | ||||||||
September |
7.11 | 6.19 | 14.35 | 12.08 | ||||||||
October |
6.95 | 6.06 | 13.99 | 11.88 | ||||||||
November |
7.64 | 6.59 | 15.15 | 12.93 | ||||||||
December |
7.73 | 7.30 | 15.35 | 14.36 | ||||||||
2003: |
||||||||||||
January |
Ps. | 8.12 | Ps. | 7.53 | U.S.$ | 15.62 | U.S.$ | 13.88 | ||||
February |
7.78 | 6.99 | 14.30 | 12.50 | ||||||||
March |
7.76 | 7.27 | 14.07 | 13.31 | ||||||||
April |
8.73 | 7.29 | 16.89 | 13.61 | ||||||||
May |
9.45 | 8.67 | 18.26 | 16.74 |
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The table below sets forth, for the periods indicated, the reported high and low sales prices for the A Shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange and the high and low bid prices for A Share ADSs published by NASDAQ. Bid prices published by NASDAQ for the A Share ADSs are inter-dealer quotations and may not reflect actual transactions. Prices have not been restated in constant currency units.
Mexican Stock Exchange |
NASDAQ | |||||||||||
High |
Low |
High |
Low | |||||||||
(pesos per A Share) | (U.S. dollars per A Share ADS) | |||||||||||
Annual highs and lows |
||||||||||||
2001 |
Ps. | 11.23 | Ps. | 5.80 | U.S.$ | 23.00 | U.S.$ | 11.70 | ||||
2002 |
9.20 | 5.60 | 20.20 | 11.60 | ||||||||
Quarterly highs and lows |
||||||||||||
2001: |
||||||||||||
First quarter (starting February 7) |
Ps. | 11.23 | Ps. | 6.62 | U.S.$ | 23.00 | U.S.$ | 13.87 | ||||
Second quarter |
10.15 | 6.80 | 22.43 | 14.26 | ||||||||
Third quarter |
9.80 | 5.80 | 21.50 | 11.70 | ||||||||
Fourth quarter |
8.95 | 6.50 | 19.35 | 13.86 | ||||||||
2002: |
||||||||||||
First quarter |
Ps. | 9.20 | Ps. | 8.12 | U.S.$ | 20.20 | U.S.$ | 17.00 | ||||
Second quarter |
9.10 | 5.90 | 19.35 | 12.10 | ||||||||
Third quarter |
7.15 | 5.60 | 14.59 | 11.60 | ||||||||
Fourth quarter |
7.75 | 6.15 | 15.60 | 11.75 | ||||||||
Monthly highs and lows |
||||||||||||
2002: |
||||||||||||
January |
Ps. | 9.20 | Ps. | 8.44 | U.S.$ | 20.20 | U.S.$ | 17.95 | ||||
February |
8.82 | 8.12 | 19.00 | 17.00 | ||||||||
March |
9.10 | 8.30 | 19.75 | 17.80 | ||||||||
April |
8.88 | 8.40 | 19.35 | 18.00 | ||||||||
May |
9.10 | 8.38 | 18.91 | 17.25 | ||||||||
June |
8.20 | 5.90 | 16.95 | 12.10 | ||||||||
July |
7.00 | 6.20 | 14.59 | 12.51 | ||||||||
August |
7.00 | 5.60 | 14.00 | 11.60 | ||||||||
September |
7.15 | 6.50 | 14.06 | 11.96 | ||||||||
October |
6.95 | 6.15 | 13.82 | 11.75 | ||||||||
November |
7.65 | 6.50 | 15.60 | 12.99 | ||||||||
December |
7.75 | 7.25 | 15.05 | 13.90 | ||||||||
2003: |
||||||||||||
January |
Ps | 8.02 | Ps | 7.45 | U.S.$ | 15.50 | U.S.$ | 13.50 | ||||
February |
7.75 | 6.94 | 14.04 | 12.57 | ||||||||
March |
7.70 | 7.31 | 14.60 | 13.05 | ||||||||
April |
8.70 | 7.20 | 16.91 | 13.50 | ||||||||
May |
9.40 | 8.70 | 18.20 | 16.50 |
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TRADING ON THE MEXICAN STOCK EXCHANGE
The Mexican Stock Exchange (Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A. de C. V.), located in Mexico City, is the only stock exchange in Mexico. Founded in 1907, it is organized as a corporation and operates under a concession from the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit. Its shares are held by 30 brokerage firms, which are exclusively authorized to trade on the Exchange. Trading on the Mexican Stock Exchange takes place principally through automated systems between the hours of 8:30 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Mexico City time, each business day. The Mexican Stock Exchange operates a system of automatic suspension of trading in shares of a particular issuer as a means of controlling excessive price volatility, but under current regulations this system does not apply to securities such as the A Shares or the L Shares that are directly or indirectly (for example, through ADSs) quoted on a stock exchange (including for these purposes NASDAQ) outside Mexico.
Settlement is effected two business days after a share transaction on the Mexican Stock Exchange. Deferred settlement, even by mutual agreement, is not permitted without the approval of the Mexican National Securities Commission (CNBV). Most securities traded on the Mexican Stock Exchange, including those of América Móvil, are on deposit with Institución para el Depósito de Valores, S.A. de C.V. (Indeval), a privately owned securities depositary that acts as a clearinghouse for Mexican Stock Exchange transactions.
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Item 10. Additional Information
Set forth below is a brief summary of certain significant provisions of our bylaws and Mexican law. This description does not purport to be complete and is qualified by reference to our bylaws, which have been filed as an exhibit to this annual report. For a description of the provisions of our bylaws relating to our Board of Directors, Executive and Audit Committees and statutory auditors, see Item 6Directors, Senior Management and Employees.
We amended our bylaws in July 2001 in order to comply with the amendments to the Securities Market Law and the National Banking and Securities Commission Law published on June 1, 2001 in the Diario Oficial (Official Gazette), which are designed, among other things, to protect the rights of minority shareholders.
On March 19, 2003, the CNBV published new general rules, the New Rules, for Mexican issuers, which codify the principal rules applicable to issuers and public offerings. The New Rules increased the obligations and responsibilities of the Audit Committee by requiring the committees opinion to delist or cancel the registration of the shares of a company and to authorize any changes to the accounting policies and practices, among other important provisions.
Pursuant to the New Rules, we must amend certain articles of our bylaws no later than December 31, 2003, principally to comply with the new requirements for the delisting and cancellation of the registration of our shares.
Organization and Register
América Móvil is a sociedad anónima de capital variable organized in Mexico under the Mexican General Corporations Law (Ley General de Sociedades Mercantiles). It was registered in the Public Registry of Commerce of Mexico City on October 13, 2000 under the number 263770.
Voting Rights
Each AA Share and A Share entitles the holder thereof to one vote at any meeting of our shareholders. Each L Share entitles the holder to one vote at any meeting at which holders of L Shares are entitled to vote. Holders of L Shares are entitled to vote only to elect two members of the Board of Directors and the corresponding alternate directors and on the following matters:
| the transformation of América Móvil from one type of company to another, |
| any merger of América Móvil, |
| the extension of our corporate life, |
| our voluntary dissolution, |
| a change in our corporate purpose, |
| a change in our state of incorporation, |
| removal of our shares from listing on the Mexican Stock Exchange or any foreign stock exchange, and |
| any action that would prejudice the rights of holders of L Shares and not prejudice the other classes of shares similarly. |
A resolution on any of the specified matters requires the affirmative vote of both a majority of all outstanding shares and a majority of the AA Shares and the A Shares voting together.
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Under Mexican law, holders of shares of any series are also entitled to vote as a class on any action that would prejudice the rights of holders of shares of such series but not rights of holders of shares or other series, and a holder of shares of such series would be entitled to judicial relief against any such action taken without such a vote. The determination whether an action requires a class vote on these grounds would initially be made by the Board of Directors or other party calling for shareholder action. A negative determination would be subject to judicial challenge by an affected shareholder, and the necessity for a class vote would ultimately be determined by a court. There are no other procedures for determining whether a proposed shareholder action requires a class vote, and Mexican law does not provide extensive guidance on the criteria to be applied in making such a determination.
Shareholders Meetings
General shareholders meetings may be ordinary meetings or extraordinary meetings. Extraordinary general meetings are those called to consider certain matters specified in Article 182 of the Mexican General Corporations Law, including, principally, amendments of the bylaws, liquidation, merger and transformation from one type of company to another, as well as to consider the removal of our shares from listing on the Mexican Stock Exchange or any foreign stock exchange. General meetings called to consider all other matters are ordinary meetings. The two directors elected by the holders of L Shares are elected at a special meeting of holders of L Shares. All other matters on which holders of L Shares are entitled to vote would be considered at an extraordinary general meeting. Holders of L Shares are not entitled to attend or address meetings of shareholders at which they are not entitled to vote.
A special meeting of the holders of L Shares must be held each year for the election or ratification of directors and statutory auditors. An ordinary general meeting of the holders of AA Shares and A Shares must be held each year to consider the approval of the financial statements for the preceding fiscal year, to elect or ratify directors and statutory auditors and to determine the allocation of the profits of the preceding year.
The quorum for an ordinary general meeting of the AA Shares and A Shares is 50% of such shares, and action may be taken by a majority of the shares present. If a quorum is not available, a second meeting may be called at which action may be taken by a majority of the AA Shares and A Shares present, regardless of the number of such shares. Special meetings of holders of L Shares are governed by the same rules applicable to ordinary general meetings of holders of AA Shares and A Shares. The quorum for an extraordinary general meeting at which holders of L Shares may not vote is 75% of the AA shares and A Shares, and the quorum for an extraordinary general meeting at which holders of L Shares are entitled to vote is 75% of the outstanding capital stock. If a quorum is not available in either case, a second meeting may be called and action may be taken, provided a majority of the shares entitled to vote is present. Whether on first or second call, actions at an extraordinary general meeting may be taken by a majority vote of the AA Shares and A Shares outstanding and, on matters which holders of L Shares are entitled to vote, a majority vote of all the capital stock.
Holders of 20% of our outstanding capital stock may have any shareholder action set aside by filing a complaint with a court of law within 15 days after the close of the meeting at which such action was taken and showing that the challenged action violates Mexican law or our bylaws. In addition, any holder of our capital stock may bring an action at any time within five years challenging any shareholder action. Relief under these provisions is only available to holders
| who were entitled to vote on, or whose rights as shareholders were adversely affected by, the challenged shareholder action, and |
| whose shares were not represented when the action was taken or, if represented, were voted against it. |
Shareholders meetings may be called by the Board of Directors, its chairman, its secretary, the statutory auditors or a court. The Board of Directors or the statutory auditors may be required to call a meeting of shareholders by the holders or 10% of the outstanding capital stock. Notice of meetings must be published in the
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Diario Oficial de la Federación (Official Gazette of the Federation) or a newspaper of general circulation in Mexico City at least 15 days prior to the meeting. In order to attend a meeting, shareholders must deposit their shares at the office of our corporate secretary with a Mexican or foreign banking institution or with a Mexican exchange broker. If so entitled to attend the meeting, a shareholder may be represented by proxy. The depositary for the L Share ADSs and the A Share ADSs does not satisfy this requirement, so ADS holders are not entitled to attend shareholder meetings. However, ADS holders may still vote through the depositary.
Dividend Rights
At the annual ordinary general meeting of holders of AA Shares and A Shares, the Board of Directors submits our financial statements for the previous fiscal year, together with a report thereon by the Board, to the holders of AA Shares and A Shares for approval. The holders of AA Shares and A Shares, once they have approved the financial statements, determine the allocation of our net profits for the preceding year. They are required by law to allocate 5% of such net profits to a legal reserve, which is not thereafter available for distribution except as a stock dividend, until the amount of the legal reserve equals 20% of our capital stock. The remainder of net profits is available for distribution.
All shares outstanding at the time a dividend or other distribution is declared are entitled to participate in such dividend or other distribution, subject to certain preferential rights of the L Shares. See Preferential Rights of L Shares.
Preferential Rights of L Shares
Holders of L Shares are entitled to receive a cumulative preferred annual dividend of 0.00125 pesos per share before any dividends are payable in respect of any other class of América Móvil capital stock. If we pay dividends with respect to any fiscal year in addition to the L Share preferred dividend, such dividends must be allocated:
| first, to the payment of dividends with respect to the A Share and AA Shares, in an equal amount per share, up to the amount of the L Share preferred dividend, and |
| second, to the payment of dividends with respect to all classes of América Móvil shares such that the dividend per share is equal. |
Upon liquidation of América Móvil, holders of L Shares will be entitled to a liquidation preference equal to:
| accrued but unpaid L Share preferred dividends, plus |
| 0.025 pesos per share (representing the capital attributable to such shares as set forth in our bylaws) before any distribution is made in respect of our other capital stock in accordance with Article 113 of the Mexican General Corporations Law. |
Following payment in full of any such amount, holders of AA Shares and A Shares are entitled to receive, if available, an amount per share equal to the liquidation preference paid per L Share. Following payment in full of the foregoing amounts, all shareholders share equally, on a per share basis, in any remaining amounts payable in respect of our capital stock.
Limitation on Capital Increases
Our bylaws require that any capital increase be represented by new shares of each series in proportion to the number of shares of each series outstanding.
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Preemptive Rights
In the event of a capital increase, a holder of existing shares of a given series has a preferential right to subscribe for a sufficient number of shares of the same series to maintain the holders existing proportionate holdings of shares of that series. Preemptive rights must be exercised within the next 15 calendar days following the publication of notice of the capital increase in the Diario Oficial de la Federación (Official Gazette of the Federation) and a newspaper of general circulation in Mexico City. Under Mexican law, preemptive rights cannot be traded separately from the corresponding shares that give rise to such rights. As a result, there is no trading market for the rights in connection with a capital increase. Holders of ADSs may exercise preemptive rights only through the depositary. We are not required to take steps that may be necessary to make this possible. See Description of American Depositary SharesShare Dividends and Other Distributions under Item 12.
Limitations on Share Ownership
Our bylaws provide that at least 20% of our capital stock must consist of AA Shares. Our bylaws also provide that A Shares and L Shares together cannot represent more than 80% of our capital stock.
AA shares can only be held or acquired by:
| Mexican citizens, |
| Mexican corporations whose capital stock is held completely by Mexican citizens and whose articles of incorporation contain a foreigner exclusion clause, |
| Mexican corporations whose articles of incorporation provide that at least 51% of their capital stock may only be held or acquired by (i) Mexican citizens, (ii) Mexican corporations whose articles of incorporation contain a foreigner exclusion clause or (iii) Mexican corporations that allow minority foreign participation, |
| Mexican credit and insurance companies, |
| Mexican investment companies operating under the Investment Companies Law and Mexican institutional investors as defined in the Mexican Securities Market Law, and |
| Trusts expressly permitted to acquire AA Shares in accordance with Mexican law and in which (i) the majority of the trustees rights are held by Mexican citizens, corporations whose capital stock is completely held by Mexican citizens, and Mexican credit, insurance and investment companies or (ii) the AA Shares controlled by the trust represent a minority of the outstanding AA Shares and are voted in the same manner as the majority of the outstanding AA Shares. |
If foreign governments or states acquire our AA Shares, such shares would immediately be rendered without effect or value.
Non-Mexican investors cannot hold AA Shares except through trusts that effectively neutralize their votes. SBCI, one of our shareholders, holds its AA Shares through a trust that has been approved by relevant authorities in Mexico for this purpose.
Restrictions on Certain Transactions
Our bylaws provide that any transfer of more than 10% of the combined A Shares and AA Shares, effected in one or more transactions by any person or group of persons acting in concert, requires prior approval by our Board of Directors. If the Board of Directors denies such approval, however, Mexican law and our bylaws require it to designate an alternate transferee, who must pay market price for the shares as quoted on the Mexican Stock Exchange.
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Other Provisions
Variable capital. We are permitted to issue shares constituting fixed capital and L Shares constituting variable capital. All of our outstanding shares of capital stock constitute fixed capital. The issuance of variable-capital L Shares, unlike the issuance of fixed-capital L Shares, does not require an amendment of the bylaws, although it does require a majority vote of the AA Shares and the A Shares. Under Mexican law and our bylaws, if we issued variable-capital L Shares, any holder of such shares would be entitled to redeem them at the holders option at any time at a redemption price equal to the lower of:
| 95% of the average market value of such shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange for 30 trading days preceding the date on which the exercise of the option is effective and |
| the book value of such shares at the end of the fiscal year in which the exercise of the option is effective. |
The redemption price would be payable following the annual ordinary general meeting of holders of AA Shares and A Shares at which the relevant annual financial statements were approved.
Forfeiture of shares. As required by Mexican law, our bylaws provide that any alien who at the time of incorporation or at any time thereafter acquires an interest or participation in the capital of the corporation shall be considered, by virtue thereof, as Mexican in respect thereof and shall be deemed to have agreed not to invoke the protection of his own government, under penalty, in case of breach of such agreement, of forfeiture to the nation of such interest or participation. Under this provision a non-Mexican shareholder is deemed to have agreed not to invoke the protection of his own government by asking such government to interpose a diplomatic claim against the Mexican government with respect to the shareholders rights as a shareholder, but is not deemed to have waived any other rights it may have, including any rights under the U.S. securities laws, with respect to its investment in América Móvil. If the shareholder invokes such governmental protection in violation of this agreement, its shares could be forfeited to the Mexican government. Mexican law requires that such a provision be included in the bylaws of all Mexican corporations unless such bylaws prohibit ownership of shares by non-Mexican persons.
Exclusive jurisdiction. Our bylaws provide that legal actions relating to the execution, interpretation or performance of the bylaws shall be brought only in Mexican courts.
Duration. América Móvils existence under the bylaws continues indefinitely.
Purchase of our own shares. According to the bylaws, we may repurchase our shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange at any time at the then prevailing market price. Any such repurchase must be approved by the Board of Directors, and the amount available to repurchase shares must be approved by the general ordinary shareholders meeting. In the event of any such repurchase, our capital stock will be reduced automatically in an amount equal to the assumed par value of each repurchased share (determined by dividing our outstanding capital stock by the number of shares outstanding immediately prior to such repurchase); if the purchase price of such shares exceeds the assumed par value, the difference will be charged against amounts allocated from net earnings to a special reserve created for the repurchase of shares. Repurchased shares will be held as treasury stock, pending future sales thereof on the Mexican Stock Exchange or cancellation. Our capital stock is automatically increased upon the resale of such shares in an amount equal to their assumed par value; any excess amount is allocated to the special reserve referred to above. The economic and voting rights corresponding to repurchased shares may not be exercised during the period in which we own such shares, and such shares are not deemed to be outstanding for purposes of calculating any quorum or vote at any shareholders meeting during such period.
Conflict of interest. A shareholder that votes on a business transaction in which its interest conflicts with América Móvils may be liable for damages, but only if the transaction would not have been approved without its vote.
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Appraisal rights. Whenever the shareholders approve a change of corporate purposes, change of nationality of the corporation or transformation from one type of company to another, any shareholder entitled to vote on such change that has voted against it may withdraw from América Móvil and receive the book value attributable to its shares, provided it exercises its right within 15 days following the adjournment of the meeting at which the change was approved.
Restrictions on Deregistration in Mexico. Our shares are registered with the National Registry for Securities in Mexico, as required under the Securities Market Law and regulations issued by the CNBV. If we wish to cancel this registration, or if it is cancelled by the CNBV, stockholders holding the majority of our voting shares or having the power, on any basis, to control decisions at shareholders meetings or appoint the majority of the Board of Directors, will be required to make a public offer to purchase all outstanding shares prior to such cancellation. Unless the CNBV authorizes otherwise, the offer price must be the higher of: (i) the average of the closing price for the shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange during the previous 30 trading days, and (ii) the book value of the shares in accordance with the most recent quarterly report submitted by us to the CNBV and the Mexican Stock Exchange. Within the five days prior to the commencement of the public offer, the Board of Directors, after taking into account the opinion of the Audit Committee, must publish its opinion regarding the offer price. In order to comply with the New Rules, we must amend certain articles of our bylaws by December 31, 2003.
Rights of Shareholders
The protections afforded to minority shareholders under Mexican law are different from those in the United States and many other jurisdictions. The substantive law concerning fiduciary duties of directors has not been the subject of extensive judicial interpretation in Mexico, unlike many states in the United States where duties of care and loyalty elaborated by judicial decisions help to shape the rights of minority shareholders. Mexican civil procedure does not contemplate class actions or shareholder derivative actions, which permit shareholders in U.S. courts to bring actions on behalf of other shareholders or to enforce rights of the corporation itself. Shareholders cannot challenge corporate action taken at a shareholders meeting unless they meet certain procedural requirements, as described above under Shareholders Meetings.
As a result of these factors, in practice it may be more difficult for our minority shareholders to enforce rights against us or our directors or controlling shareholders than it would be for shareholders of a U.S. company.
In addition, under the U.S. securities laws, as a foreign private issuer we are exempt from certain rules that apply to domestic U.S. issuers with equity securities registered under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including the proxy solicitation rules and the rules requiring disclosure of share ownership by directors, officers and certain shareholders. We are also exempt from the corporate governance requirements of the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ, except that beginning in July 2005 we will be subject to the requirements concerning audit committees and independent directors adopted pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Enforceability of Civil Liabilities
América Móvil is organized under the laws of Mexico, and most of our directors, officers and controlling persons reside outside the United States. In addition, all or a substantial portion of our assets and their assets are located in Mexico. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States on such persons. It may also be difficult to enforce against them, either inside or outside the United States, judgments obtained against them in U.S. courts, or to enforce in U.S. courts judgments obtained against them in courts in jurisdictions outside the United States, in any action based on civil liabilities under the U.S. federal securities laws. There is doubt as to the enforceability against such persons in Mexico, whether in original actions or in actions to enforce judgments of U.S. courts, of liabilities based solely on the U.S. federal securities laws.
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Telcel has entered into concession agreements with the Mexican Communications Ministry with respect to its Band B and Band D licenses in each of the nine regions in Mexico. See Mexican OperationsRegulation under Item 4. A number of our subsidiaries and affiliates have also entered into telecommunications concession agreements with regulatory authorities in the countries in which they operate. See Mexican Operations, Non-Mexican OperationsTelecom Americas and Other Investments under Item 4.
Our agreements with related parties are described in Related Party Transactions under Item 7.
Mexico has had a free market for foreign exchange since 1991, and the government has allowed the peso to float freely against the U.S. dollar since December 1994. There can be no assurance that the government will maintain its current foreign exchange policies. See Exchange Rates under Item 3.
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The following summary contains a description of certain Mexican federal and U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of L Shares, A Shares, L Share ADSs or A Share ADSs, but it does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase or hold shares or ADSs.
The Convention for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion and a Protocol thereto (the Tax Treaty) between the United States and Mexico entered into force on January 1, 1994. The United States and Mexico have also entered into an agreement concerning the exchange of information with respect to tax matters.
This discussion does not constitute, and should not be considered as, legal or tax advice to holders. The discussion is for general information purposes only and is based upon the federal tax laws of Mexico (including the Mexican Income Tax Law and the Mexican Federal Tax Code) and the United States as in effect on the date of this annual report (including the Tax Treaty), which are subject to change, and such changes may have retroactive effect. Holders of shares or ADSs should consult their own tax advisers as to the Mexican, U.S. or other tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares or ADSs, including, in particular, the effect of any foreign, state or local tax laws.
Mexican Tax Considerations
The following is a general summary of the principal consequences under the Mexican Income Tax Law (Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta) and rules and regulations thereunder, as currently in effect, of an investment in shares or ADSs by a holder that is not a resident of Mexico and that will not hold shares or ADSs or a beneficial interest therein in connection with the conduct of a trade or business through a permanent establishment or fixed base in Mexico (a nonresident holder).
For purposes of Mexican taxation, a natural person is a resident of Mexico for tax purposes if he has established his home in Mexico, unless he has resided in another country for more than 183 days, whether consecutive or not, in any one calendar year and can demonstrate that he has become a resident of that country for tax purposes, and a legal entity is a resident of Mexico if it was incorporated in Mexico or maintains the principal administration of its business or the effective location of its management in Mexico. A Mexican citizen is presumed to be a resident of Mexico unless such person can demonstrate the contrary. If a nonresident of Mexico is deemed to have a permanent establishment or fixed base in Mexico for tax purposes, all income attributable to such permanent establishment or fixed base will be subject to Mexican taxes, in accordance with applicable laws.
Tax Treaties
Provisions of the Tax Treaty that may affect the taxation of certain U.S. holders (as defined below) are summarized below. The United States and Mexico have also entered into an agreement that covers the exchange of information with respect to tax matters.
The Mexican Income Tax Law has established procedural requirements for a holder disposing of his shares to be entitled to the benefits under any of the tax treaties to which Mexico is a party. These procedural requirements include the obligation to (i) prove tax treaty residence, (ii) present tax calculations made by authorized certified public accountants and (iii) appoint representatives in Mexico for taxation purposes.
Payment of Dividends
Dividends, either in cash or in kind, paid with respect to the L Shares, A Shares, L Share ADSs or A Share ADSs will not be subject to Mexican withholding tax.
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Taxation of Dispositions
Under current Mexican law and regulations, there is no basis for the Mexican tax authorities to impose taxes on income realized by a nonresident holder from a disposition of ADSs.
The sale of shares by a non-resident holder will not be subject to any Mexican tax if the transaction is carried out through the Mexican Stock Exchange, LATIBEX or other securities markets approved by the Mexican Ministry of Finance and certain additional requirements are met. Sales or other dispositions of shares made in other circumstances generally would be subject to Mexican tax, except to the extent that a holder is eligible for benefits under an income tax treaty to which Mexico is a party.
The Mexican tax rules governing the taxation of gains of nonresident holders on dispositions of their shares or ADSs were amended during 2002. Nonresident holders who disposed of their shares or ADSs during 2002 should consult their own Mexican tax advisors on the Mexican tax treatment of such dispositions.
Pursuant to the Tax Treaty, gains realized by qualifying U.S. holders from the sale or other disposition of shares, even if the sale is not carried out through an approved stock exchange, will not be subject to Mexican income tax, except that Mexican taxes may apply if such U.S. holder owned at least 25% of the shares representing our capital stock (including ADSs), directly or indirectly, during the 12-month period preceding such disposition.
Gains realized by other holders that are eligible to receive benefits pursuant to other income tax treaties to which Mexico is a party may be exempt from Mexican income tax in whole or in part. Non-U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors as to their possible eligibility under such treaties.
For nonresident holders that do not meet the requirements referred to above, gross income realized on the sale or other disposition of shares will be subject to a 5% tax if the transaction is carried out through the Mexican Stock Exchange. Under certain circumstances, nonresident holders, alternatively, may elect to pay a 20% tax on the net income earned on these transactions.
If a corporation is a resident in a tax haven (as defined by the Mexican Income Tax Law), the applicable rate will be 40% on the gross income obtained.
Other Mexican Taxes
Under certain circumstances, a nonresident holder will not be liable for estate, inheritance or similar taxes with respect to its holdings of shares or ADSs; provided, however, that gratuitous transfers of shares may in certain circumstances result in imposition of a Mexican tax upon the recipient. There are no Mexican stamp, issue registration or similar taxes payable by a nonresident holder with respect to shares or ADSs.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations
The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. holders (as defined below) of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of shares or ADSs. The summary does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all of the tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership or disposition of shares or ADSs. The summary applies only to U.S. holders that will hold their shares or ADSs as capital assets and does not apply to special classes of U.S. holders such as dealers in securities or currencies, holders with a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, holders of 10% or more of our voting shares (whether held directly or through ADSs or both), tax-exempt organizations, financial institutions, holders liable for the alternative minimum tax, securities traders electing to account for their investment in their shares or ADSs on a mark-to-market basis, and persons holding their shares or ADSs in a hedging transaction or as part of a straddle or conversion transaction.
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For purposes of this discussion, a U.S. holder is a holder of shares or ADSs that is:
| a citizen or resident of the United States of America, |
| a corporation organized under the laws of the United States of America or any state thereof, or |
| otherwise subject to U.S. federal income taxation on a net income basis with respect to the shares or ADSs. |
Each U.S. holder should consult such holders own tax advisor concerning the overall tax consequences to it of the ownership or disposition of shares or ADSs that may arise under foreign, state and local laws.
Treatment of ADSs
In general, a U.S. holder of ADSs will be treated as the owner of the shares represented by those ADSs for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Deposits or withdrawals of shares by U.S. holders in exchange for ADSs will not result in the realization of gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes. U.S. holders that withdraw any shares should consult their own tax advisors regarding the treatment of any foreign currency gain or loss on any pesos received in respect of such shares.
Taxation of Distributions
In this discussion, we use the term dividends to mean distributions paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (including earnings and profits that accrued to Telmex and were attributed to us in connection with the spin-off) with respect to shares or ADSs. In general, the gross amount of any dividends will be includible in the gross income of a U.S. holder as ordinary income on the day on which the dividends are received by the U.S. holder in the case of shares or by the depositary in the case of ADSs. Dividends will be paid in pesos and will be includible in the income of a U.S. holder in a U.S. dollar amount calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date that they are received by the U.S. holder in the case of shares or by the depositary in the case of ADSs (regardless of whether such pesos are in fact converted into U.S. dollars on such date). If such dividends are converted into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, a U.S. holder generally should not be required to recognize foreign currency gain or loss in respect of the dividends. Subject to certain exceptions for short-term and hedged positions, the U.S. dollar amount of dividends received by an individual U.S. holder in respect of shares or ADSs after December 31, 2002 and before January 1, 2009 is subject to taxation at a maximum rate of 15%. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the availability of the reduced dividends tax rate in the light of their own particular circumstances. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the treatment of foreign currency gain or loss, if any, on any pesos received by a U.S. holder or depositary that are converted into U.S. dollars on a date subsequent to receipt. Dividends paid by us will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction allowed to corporations under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code).
Distributions of additional shares or ADSs to U.S. holders with respect to their shares or ADSs that are made as part of a pro rata distribution to all of our shareholders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.
Taxation of Dispositions
A U.S. holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss on the sale or other disposition of the shares or ADSs in an amount equal to the difference between the U.S. holders basis in such shares or ADSs (in U.S. dollars) and the amount realized on the disposition (in U.S. dollars, determined at the spot rate on the date of disposition if the amount realized is denominated in a foreign currency). Gain or loss recognized by a U.S. holder on such sale or other disposition generally will be long-term capital gain or loss if, at the time of disposition, the shares or ADSs have been held for more than one year. Long-term capital gain recognized by a U.S. holder that
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is an individual is subject to lower rates of federal income taxation than ordinary income or short-term capital gain. The net amount of long-term capital gain recognized by an individual U.S. holder after May 5, 2003 and before January 1, 2009 generally is subject to taxation at a maximum rate of 15%. The net long-term capital gain recognized by an individual U.S. holder before May 6, 2003 generally is subject to taxation at a maximum rate of 20%. The deduction of a capital loss is subject to limitations for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Gain, if any, realized by a U.S. holder on the sale or other disposition of the shares or ADSs generally will be treated as U.S. source income for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. Consequently, if a Mexican withholding tax is imposed on the sale or disposition of the shares, a U.S. holder that does not receive significant foreign source income from other sources may not be able to derive effective U.S. foreign tax credit benefits in respect of these Mexican taxes. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the application of the foreign tax credit rules to their investment in, and disposition of, the shares.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Dividends on, and proceeds from the sale or other disposition of, the shares or ADSs paid to a U.S. holder generally may be subject to the information reporting requirements of the Code and may be subject to backup withholding unless the holder:
| establishes that it is a corporation or other exempt holder, or |
| provides an accurate taxpayer identification number on a properly completed Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 and certifies that no loss of exemption from backup withholding has occurred. |
The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a holder will be allowed as a credit against the U.S. holders U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle such holder to a refund, provided that certain required information is furnished to the Service.
U.S. Tax Consequences for Non-U.S. holders
Distributions. A holder of shares or ADSs that is, with respect to the United States, a foreign corporation or a non-resident alien individual (a non-U.S. holder) generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on dividends received on shares or ADSs, unless such income is effectively connected with the conduct by the holder of a U.S. trade or business.
Dispositions. A non-U.S. holder of shares or ADSs will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on gain realized on the sale of shares or ADSs, unless:
| such gain is effectively connected with the conduct by the holder of a U.S. trade or business, or |
| in the case of gain realized by an individual holder, the holder is present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the sale and certain other conditions are met. |
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding. Although non-U.S. holders generally are exempt from backup withholding, a non-U.S. holder may be required to comply with certification and identification procedures in order to establish its exemption from information reporting and backup withholding.
We file reports, including annual reports on Form 20-F, and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC that apply to foreign private issuers. You may read and copy any materials filed with the SEC at its public reference rooms in Washington, D.C., at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800- SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room. As a foreign private issuer, we were not required to make filings with the SEC by electronic means prior to November 4, 2002, although we were permitted to do so. Any filings we make electronically will be available to the public over the Internet at the SECs web site at http://www.sec.gov.
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Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
EXCHANGE RATE AND INTEREST RATE RISKS
We are exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates and currency exchange rates. Interest rate risk exists principally with respect to our net financial liabilities bearing interest at floating rates. Interest rate risk also exists with respect to the fair value of fixed-rate financial assets and liabilities. Exchange rate risk exists with respect to our financial assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than Mexican pesos. We are also subject to exchange rate risks with respect to our investments outside Mexico.
At December 31, 2002, we had approximately Ps. 7.9 billion in financial assets denominated in currencies other than Mexican pesos, principally consisting of cash, short-term investments and marketable securities, and approximately Ps. 36.9 billion in financial liabilities denominated in currencies other than Mexican pesos, consisting of debt. Approximately 88% of our non-peso indebtedness was denominated in U.S. dollars. At December 31, 2002, we had approximately Ps. 38.6 billion of indebtedness bearing interest at floating rate. The consolidation of Comcel and Telecom Americas during 2002 significantly increased our financial assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than Mexican pesos as compared to 2001 and consequently increased our exposure to interest rate and currency exchange risks.
We regularly assess our interest rate and currency exchange exposures and determine whether to adjust or hedge our position. We may use derivative instruments to hedge or adjust our exposures. For example, during 2003, we have entered into interest rate swaps to hedge interest payments starting in 2005 under our U.S. dollar-denominated indebtedness bearing interest at floating rates. We have only hedged exposures associated with financial assets and liabilities.
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS DISCLOSURES
The potential increase in net debt and corresponding foreign exchange loss that would have resulted from a hypothetical, instantaneous 10% depreciation of the peso against all other currencies in which we hold our non-peso financial assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2002, would have been approximately Ps.2.9 billion. Such depreciation would have also resulted in additional interest expense of approximately Ps.27.5 million per annum, reflecting the increased costs of servicing foreign currency indebtedness.
A hypothetical, instantaneous increase of 100 basis points in the interest rates applicable to our floating rate financial assets and liabilities at December 31, 2002 would have resulted in additional interest expense of approximately Ps.332 million per year, assuming no change in the principal amount of such indebtedness.
The potential loss in the fair value of our fixed-rate financial assets at December 31, 2002, that would have resulted from the hypothetical, instantaneous increase of 100 basis points in the interest rates applicable to such financial instruments would have been approximately Ps.90 million. This potential loss would have been offset by a potential increase in the fair value of our fixed-rate financial liabilities at December 31, 2002 of approximately Ps.145 million, which would have resulted from that same increase in interest rates.
The above sensitivity analyses are based on the assumption of an unfavorable 100 basis point movement of the interest rates applicable to each homogeneous category of financial assets and liabilities. A homogeneous category is defined according to the currency in which financial assets and liabilities are denominated and assumes the same interest rate movement with each homogeneous category. As a result, interest rate risk sensitivity analysis may overstate the impact of interest rate fluctuations for such financial instruments, as consistently unfavorable movements of all interest rates are unlikely.
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Item 15. Controls and Procedures
Within the 90 days prior to the date of this annual report, we carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon and as of the date of that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in all material respects to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file and submit under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported as and when required. There were no significant changes in our internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to the date of such evaluation.
See pages F-1 through F-75, incorporated herein by reference.
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Documents filed as exhibits to this annual report:
1.1 | Amended and restated bylaws (estatutos sociales) of América Móvil, S.A. de C.V., dated as of August 20, 2001 (together with an English translation) (incorporated by reference to our annual report on Form 20-F, File No. 001-16269, filed on July 2, 2002). | |
2.1 | L Share Deposit Agreement (incorporated by reference to our registration statement on Form F-6, File No. 333-72960, filed on December 8, 2000). | |
2.2 | A Share Deposit Agreement (incorporated by reference to our registration statement on Form F-6, File No. 333-12962, filed on December 8, 2000). | |
3.1 | Shareholders Agreement dated December 20, 2000 between América Telecom, S.A. de C.V. (as successor to Carso Global Telecom, S.A. de C.V.) and SBC International, Inc. (incorporated by reference to the report of beneficial ownership of our shares filed on Schedule 13D on May 16, 2001). | |
4.1 | Post-spin-off Master Agreement dated January 18, 2001 between Teléfonos de México, S.A. de C.V. and América Móvil, S.A. de C.V. (together with an English translation) (incorporated by reference to our registration statement on Form 20-F, File No. 001-16269, filed on February 5, 2001). | |
4.2 | First Amendment dated March 15, 2001 to Post-spin-off Master Agreement dated January 18, 2001 between Teléfonos de México, S.A. de C.V. and América Móvil, S.A. de C.V. (together with an English translation) (incorporated by reference to our annual report on Form 20-F, File No. 001-16269, filed on July 2, 2002). | |
4.3 | Second Amendment dated April 30, 2001 to Post-spin-off Master Agreement dated January 18, 2001 between Teléfonos de México, S.A. de C.V. and América Móvil, S.A. de C.V. (together with an English translation) (incorporated by reference to our annual report on Form 20-F, File No. 001-16269, filed on July 2, 2002). | |
8.1 | List of certain subsidiaries of América Móvil, S.A. de C.V. | |
12.1 | Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
Omitted from the exhibits filed with this annual report are certain instruments and agreements with respect to long-term debt of América Móvil, none of which authorizes securities in a total amount that exceeds 10% of the total assets of América Móvil. We hereby agree to furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission copies of any such omitted instruments or agreements as the Commission requests.
84
INDEX TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Consolidated Financial Statements of América Móvil, S.A de C.V. |
Page | |
F-1 | ||
F-2 | ||
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000 |
F-3 | |
Consolidated Balance Sheets as at December 31, 2002 and 2001 |
F-4 | |
F-5 | ||
F-7 | ||
F-8 | ||
Consolidated Financial Statements of Telecom Americas Ltd. |
Page | |
F-52 | ||
F-53 | ||
F-54 | ||
Consolidated Balance Sheets as at December 31, 2001 and 2000 |
F-55 | |
F-56 | ||
F-57 |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
To the Stockholders of
América Móvil, S.A. de C.V.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of América Móvil, S.A. de C.V. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2001 and 2002 and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders equity and changes in financial position for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2002. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We did not audit the financial statements of certain subsidiaries which statements collectively account for 11% and 10% of total assets at December 31, 2001 and 2002, respectively, and 9%, 10% and 8% of total operating revenues for the years ended December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002, respectively, of the related consolidated amounts, as well as the financial statements of certain affiliates in which the Companys investment is stated at P. 20,568,442 at December 31, 2001, and the Companys equity in their net loss is stated at P. 1,057,835 and P. 3,520,436 in 2000 and 2001. Those statements were examined by other independent auditors whose reports have been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the financial information of such subsidiaries and investees, is based solely on the reports of the other independent auditors.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in México and the United States of América. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits and the reports of other independent auditors provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, based on our audits and the reports of the other independent auditors, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of América Móvil, S.A. de C.V. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2001 and 2002, and the consolidated results of their operations and changes in their financial position for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2002, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in Mexico, which differ in certain respects from those followed in the United States of America (see Note 20).
As described in Note 2 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2000, the Company adopted the requirements of Mexican Accounting Principles Bulletin D-4, Accounting for Income Tax, Asset Tax and Employee Profit Sharing, issued by the Mexican Institute of Public Accountants. The effects are described in Note 17.
Mancera, S.C. A Member Practice of Ernst & Young Global
/S/ FRANCISCO ALVAREZ DEL CAMPO
C.P.C. Francisco Alvarez Del Campo |
Mexico City, Mexico
February 25, 2003
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors and
Shareholders of América Central Tel, S.A.
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of income, of cash flows and of changes in shareholders equity present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of América Central Tel, S.A. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with International Accounting Standards. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management; our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audits of these financial statements in accordance with International Auditing Standards and with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States, which require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall consolidated financial statements presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for the opinion expressed above.
As explained in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2002, the company prepared these consolidated financial statements for the first time in conformity with International Accounting Standards (IAS), and, as required by provisions issued by the Standing Committee on Interpretations of IAS, it restated both its financial statements and retained earnings as of December 31, 2001. As more fully explained in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the effect of the mentioned restatement was charged to retained earnings.
International Accounting Standards (IAS) vary in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The application of the latter would have affected the determination of consolidated net income expressed in Guatemalan Quetzales for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 and the determination of consolidated stockholders equity and consolidated cash flows also expressed in Guatemalan Quetzales at December 31, 2002 and 2001 to the extent summarized in Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements.
February 20, 2003, except for Note 17, which is dated March 4, 2003.
F-2
AMÉRICA MÓVIL, S.A. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Amounts in thousands of Constant Mexican Pesos as of December 31, 2002, except for earnings per share)
Year ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||||
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
Million of U.S. dollars 2002 |
|||||||||||||
Operating revenues: |
||||||||||||||||
Services: |
||||||||||||||||
Usage charges |
P. | 18,118,833 | P. | 27,144,404 | P. | 31,600,539 | $ | 3,064 | ||||||||
Monthly rent |
4,703,927 | 5,380,460 | 10,353,323 | 1,004 | ||||||||||||
Long-distance |
3,050,305 | 4,070,345 | 4,762,061 | 462 | ||||||||||||
Other services |
2,355,293 | 3,301,196 | 3,825,042 | 371 | ||||||||||||
Telephone equipment sales: |
||||||||||||||||
Sales of handsets and accessories |
3,582,070 | 3,825,251 | 6,920,417 | 671 | ||||||||||||
31,810,428 | 43,721,656 | 57,461,382 | 5,572 | |||||||||||||
Operating costs and expenses: |
||||||||||||||||
Cost of sales |
12,713,222 | 15,077,080 | 20,913,853 | 2,028 | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales for services with related parties (Note 15) |
3,545,617 | 3,675,557 | 3,498,696 | 339 | ||||||||||||
Commercial, administrative and general |
8,780,047 | 11,415,924 | 11,615,070 | 1,126 | ||||||||||||
Commercial, administrative and general with related parties (Note 15) |
435,090 | 349,932 | 632,120 | 61 | ||||||||||||
Impairment of investments in affiliates (Note 8) |
2,051,169 | 39,236 | 4 | |||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization (Notes 6 to 8) (includes P. 2,108,895, P. 3,549,280 and P. 5,776,978, for the years ended December 31 2000, 2001 and 2002, respectively not included in cost of sales) |
3,264,966 | 4,732,373 | 8,277,641 | 803 | ||||||||||||
28,738,942 | 37,302,035 | 44,976,616 | 4,361 | |||||||||||||
Operating income |
3,071,486 | 6,419,621 | 12,484,766 | 1,211 | ||||||||||||
Comprehensive financing income (cost): |
||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
5,337,483 | 850,400 | 1,347,988 | 131 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(855,708 | ) | (1,094,963 | ) | (2,346,022 | ) | (227 | ) | ||||||||
Interest expense with related parties (Note 15) |
(325,032 | ) | (6,337 | ) | (55,031 | ) | (5 | ) | ||||||||
Exchange gain (loss), net |
252,978 | (367,447 | ) | (1,468,135 | ) | (143 | ) | |||||||||
Monetary (loss) gain |
(3,258,756 | ) | (786,392 | ) | 2,762,316 | 268 | ||||||||||
Other financing income (cost), net |
765,230 | (1,225,106 | ) | (119 | ) | |||||||||||
1,150,965 | (639,509 | ) | (983,990 | ) | (95 | ) | ||||||||||
Other income, net |
1,060,555 | 407,052 | 259,752 | 24 | ||||||||||||
Income before income tax and employee profit sharing |
5,283,006 | 6,187,164 | 11,760,528 | 1,140 | ||||||||||||
Provisions for: |
||||||||||||||||
Income tax (Note 17) |
3,286,669 | 3,164,645 | 3,088,688 | 300 | ||||||||||||
Employee profit sharing |
179,598 | 201,670 | 194,580 | 18 | ||||||||||||
3,466,267 | 3,366,315 | 3,283,268 | 318 | |||||||||||||
Income before equity in results of affiliates |
1,816,739 | 2,820,849 | 8,477,260 | 822 | ||||||||||||
Equity in net results of affiliates |
(1,090,552 | ) | (3,911,596 | ) | (4,010,537 | ) | (389 | ) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) |
P. | 726,187 | P. | (1,090,747 | ) | P. | 4,466,723 | $ | 433 | |||||||
Distribution of net income (loss) |
||||||||||||||||
Majority interest |
P. | 956,272 | P. | (875,274 | ) | P. | 4,601,036 | $ | 446 | |||||||
Minority interest |
(230,085 | ) | (215,473 | ) | (134,313 | ) | (13 | ) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) |
P. | 726,187 | P. | (1,090,747 | ) | P. | 4,466,723 | $ | 433 | |||||||
Weighted average of common shares outstanding (in million) |
14,222 | 13,199 | 13,123 | 13,123 | ||||||||||||
Majority net income (loss) earnings per share |
P. | 0.067 | P. | (0.066 | ) | P. | 0.350 | $ | 0.033 | |||||||
See accompanying notes
F-3
AMÉRICA MÓVIL, S.A. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Amounts in thousands of Constant Mexican Pesos as of December 31, 2002)
December 31, |
||||||||||||
2001 |
2002 |
Million of U.S. dollars 2002 |
||||||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||||||
Cash and short-term investments |
P. | 2,671,276 | P. | 9,149,736 | $ | 887 | ||||||
Marketable securities (Note 3) |
10,463,206 | 1,452,440 | 141 | |||||||||
Accounts receivable, net (Note 4) |
4,633,509 | 6,273,627 | 608 | |||||||||
Related parties (Note 15) |
1,769,450 | 586,129 | 57 | |||||||||
Inventories, net (Note 5) |
3,602,490 | 3,007,784 | 292 | |||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
664,634 | 890,213 | 86 | |||||||||
Total current assets |
23,804,565 | 21,359,929 | 2,071 | |||||||||
Investments in affiliates and others (Note 8) |
24,768,534 | 3,165,159 | 307 | |||||||||
Plant, property and equipment, net (Note 6) |
42,256,562 | 60,588,631 | 5,875 | |||||||||
Licenses, net (Note 7) |
2,615,390 | 15,374,134 | 1,491 | |||||||||
Trademarks (Note 8) |
6,537,011 | 634 | ||||||||||
Goodwill, net (Note 8) |
4,499,914 | 6,024,696 | 584 | |||||||||
Total assets |
P. | 97,944,965 | P. | 113,049,560 | $ | 10,962 | ||||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY | ||||||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||||||
Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt (Note 12) |
P. | 6,663,349 | P. | 10,230,843 | $ | 992 | ||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (Notes 10 and 11) |
10,094,376 | 10,941,355 | 1,061 | |||||||||
Taxes payable |
1,253,303 | 1,847,722 | 179 | |||||||||
Related parties (Note 15) |
340,573 | 105,996 | 10 | |||||||||
Deferred revenues |
1,562,309 | 2,699,863 | 262 | |||||||||
Total current liabilities |
19,913,910 | 25,825,779 | 2,504 | |||||||||
Long-term debt (Note 12) |
16,037,512 | 35,971,372 | 3,488 | |||||||||
Deferred taxes (Note 17) |
2,118,854 | 2,058,951 | 200 | |||||||||
Deferred credits |
17,739 | 552 | | |||||||||
Total liabilities |
38,088,015 | 63,856,654 | 6,192 | |||||||||
Stockholders equity (Note 16): |
||||||||||||
Capital stock |
30,009,386 | 30,002,093 | 2,910 | |||||||||
Retained earnings: |
||||||||||||
Prior years |
32,375,467 | 28,804,499 | 2,793 | |||||||||
Net (loss) income for the year |
(875,274 | ) | 4,601,036 | 446 | ||||||||
31,500,193 | 33,405,535 | 3,239 | ||||||||||
Other accumulated comprehensive loss items |
(2,443,090 | ) | (15,392,718 | ) | (1,493 | ) | ||||||
Total majority stockholders equity |
59,066,489 | 48,014,910 | 4,656 | |||||||||
Minority interest |
790,461 | 1,177,996 | 114 | |||||||||
Total stockholders equity |
59,856,950 | 49,192,906 | 4,770 | |||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
P. | 97,944,965 | P. | 113,049,560 | $ | 10,962 | ||||||
See accompanying notes.
F-4
AMÉRICA MÓVIL, S.A. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
(Amounts in thousands of Constant Mexican Pesos as of December 31, 2002)
Investment of parent company |
Capital Stock |
Retained earnings |
Other Loss |
Total majority stockholders equity |
Minority interest |
Compre- hensive income loss |
Total stock- equity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reserve for pur- chase of companys own shares |
Legal reserve |
Unappropriated |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances at December 31, 1999 |
P. | 53,056,606 | P. | 146,704 | P. | 8,963,859 | P. | 9,110,563 | P. | (720,543 | ) | P. | 61,446,626 | P. | 737,462 | P. | 62,184,088 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cumulative effects of accounting change |
(1,972,951 | ) | (1,972,951 | ) | 318,903 | (1,654,048 | ) | (1,654,048 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Increase in legal reserve |
161,666 | (161,666 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Increase in investment of parent company |
9,067,614 | 9,067,614 | 9,067,614 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Effect of spin-off (Note 1) |
(62,124,220 | ) | P. | 30,031,274 | 32,092,946 | 32,092,946 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||