Does shipping packaging need to be moisture-proof?
1. The necessity of moisture-proofing shipping packaging
1.1 Characteristics of the shipping environment
The shipping environment has unique characteristics, which make the goods extremely susceptible to moisture during transportation, leading to damage. High humidity: The air humidity on the ocean is extremely high, with an average relative humidity of more than 70%, especially in tropical and subtropical waters, where the humidity is close to saturation. This high humidity environment will cause the goods to absorb a lot of moisture, causing the packaging materials to get damp and moldy, which in turn affects the quality of the goods. Large temperature difference: During shipping, the goods will experience temperature differences between day and night and temperature changes in different sea areas. When the temperature in the container drops, the water vapor in the air will condense into water droplets and adhere to the goods and packaging, increasing the risk of moisture in the goods.
Salt spray erosion: Seawater contains a lot of salt, and salt spray will enter the container with the sea breeze and adhere to the surface of the goods. Salt is hygroscopic and will further absorb moisture in the air, causing the goods to get damp, and will also corrode the metal packaging and goods. Characteristics of the cargo: Many cargoes are hygroscopic, such as paper, textiles, leather, etc. These cargoes are more likely to absorb moisture in a high humidity environment, causing mold and deterioration. For example, paper has strong hygroscopicity, and its moisture content can increase by more than 5% within 24 hours in an environment with a humidity of 70%.These characteristics of the shipping environment indicate that shipping packaging must have good moisture-proof properties to ensure the safety and quality of the cargo during transportation.
2. Moisture-proof measures for shipping packaging
2.1 Selection of packaging materialsSelecting the right packaging material is the key to moisture-proofing in shipping. Different packaging materials have different moisture-proof properties. The following are several common moisture-proof packaging materials and their characteristics: Plastic film: Plastic film has good waterproof and moisture-proof properties, and can effectively block the intrusion of external moisture. For example, the moisture permeability of polyethylene film is extremely low, with a moisture permeability of only 0.05 grams per square meter per day, which can provide good moisture-proof protection for cargo. Aluminum foil composite material: Aluminum foil composite material is a composite of aluminum foil and other materials, with excellent moisture-proof and barrier properties. Its moisture-proof effect is several times higher than that of ordinary plastic film, and it is suitable for packaging goods with high moisture-proof requirements.
Moisture-proof cardboard: Moisture-proof cardboard is treated with moisture-proof treatment on the basis of ordinary cardboard, which can effectively prevent moisture penetration. Its hygroscopicity is more than 50% lower than that of ordinary cardboard, and it is suitable for packaging some lightweight and hygroscopic goods. Wooden packaging: Although wooden packaging itself has a certain hygroscopicity, after moisture-proof treatment, such as coating with moisture-proof paint or using moisture-proof film, its moisture-proof performance can be significantly improved. The moisture absorption of treated wooden packaging can be reduced by 70% in an environment with a humidity of 80%.
2.2 Moisture-proof packaging technology In addition to choosing suitable packaging materials, it is also crucial to adopt effective moisture-proof packaging technology. The following are some common moisture-proof packaging technologies: Vacuum packaging: Vacuum packaging effectively prevents moisture and oxidation of goods by extracting the air in the package and reducing the presence of oxygen and moisture. Studies have shown that vacuum packaging can extend the shelf life of goods by 3-5 times.Inflatable packaging: Inflatable packaging is to fill the packaging with inert gas (such as nitrogen) to replace the air in the packaging and reduce the content of oxygen and moisture. This packaging method can effectively prevent the goods from getting damp and oxidized, and is suitable for goods with high moisture-proof requirements such as food and electronic products. Use of desiccant: Placing desiccant in the package is a common moisture-proof measure. Desiccant can absorb moisture in the package and maintain a dry environment in the package. For example, the moisture absorption rate of silica gel desiccant can reach more than 30%, and the moisture absorption rate of calcium chloride desiccant can reach 100%. Moisture-proof coating: Applying a moisture-proof coating on the surface of the goods or the surface of the packaging material can form a protective film to effectively block the penetration of moisture. The thickness of the moisture-proof coating is generally 0.1-0.5 mm, and its moisture-proof effect can last for several months.Sealed packaging: Sealed packaging can effectively prevent external moisture from entering the interior of the package. The better the sealing performance of the sealed packaging, the more significant the moisture-proof effect. For example, the moisture-proof performance of the package sealed with sealing tape or heat sealing technology is more than 80% higher than that of ordinary packaging.
3. Moisture-proof packaging requirements for different goods
3.1 Moisture-prone goods
Moisture-prone goods have more stringent requirements for moisture-proof packaging during sea transportation. The following are moisture-proof packaging requirements and examples for several common moisture-prone goods:Paper and paper products: Paper has strong hygroscopicity. In an environment with a humidity of 70%, its water content can increase by more than 5% within 24 hours. Therefore, the packaging of paper and paper products should adopt multi-layer moisture-proof measures. First, moisture-proof cardboard can be used as the outer packaging, and its hygroscopicity is more than 50% lower than that of ordinary cardboard; second, silica gel desiccant is placed in the packaging, and its moisture absorption rate can reach more than 30% to absorb excess moisture in the packaging; finally, the use of sealed packaging technology and sealing tape for sealing can improve the moisture-proof performance by more than 80% compared with ordinary packaging. For example, a printing company adopted the above moisture-proof packaging measures when shipping paper by sea. The paper did not get damp and moldy during transportation, and the shelf life was extended by 2 months.
Textiles: Textiles easily absorb moisture in a high humidity environment, resulting in mold, discoloration and reduced strength. For the packaging of textiles, plastic film can be used as the outer packaging material. The moisture permeability of polyethylene film is extremely low, with a moisture permeability of only 0.05 grams per square meter per day, which can effectively block the intrusion of external moisture; at the same time, an appropriate amount of calcium chloride desiccant is placed in the package, and its moisture absorption rate can reach 100% to maintain a dry environment in the package; in addition, vacuum packaging technology is used to extract the air in the package and reduce the presence of moisture, which can extend the shelf life of textiles by 3-5 times. After a certain clothing export company adopted these moisture-proof packaging measures, the rate of moisture damage to textiles during sea transportation was reduced by 90%. Leather products: Leather products are easy to absorb moisture in a humid environment, causing deformation, mold and deterioration. Leather product packaging should choose materials with good moisture-proof properties, such as aluminum foil composite materials, which have a moisture-proof effect several times higher than ordinary plastic films; place an appropriate amount of silica gel desiccant in the package to absorb moisture in the package; at the same time, use sealed packaging technology to ensure the sealing of the package. After a certain leather product company adopted these moisture-proof packaging measures, the damage rate of leather products during sea transportation was reduced by 85%.
3.2 Precious goods
The value of precious goods is high, and the requirements for moisture-proof packaging are more stringent. The following are the moisture-proof packaging requirements and examples of several common precious goods:Electronic products: Electronic products have extremely high requirements for moisture-proofing. A humid environment may cause problems such as circuit short circuits and component damage. The packaging of electronic products should adopt multi-layer moisture-proof measures. First, moisture-proof cardboard can be used as the outer packaging, and its hygroscopicity is more than 50% lower than that of ordinary cardboard; second, place an appropriate amount of silica gel desiccant in the package, and its moisture absorption rate can reach more than 30% to absorb excess moisture in the package; finally, use inflatable packaging technology to fill the package with inert gas (such as nitrogen) to replace the air in the package, reduce the content of oxygen and moisture, and effectively prevent electronic products from getting damp and oxidized. For example, when an electronic company shipped electronic products by sea, it adopted the above moisture-proof packaging measures. The electronic products did not suffer from moisture damage during transportation, and the damage rate was reduced by 95%.
Precision instruments: Precision instruments have high precision and strict requirements for moisture-proofing. A humid environment may cause problems such as reduced instrument accuracy and damage to parts. The packaging of precision instruments should be made of materials with good moisture-proof performance, such as aluminum foil composite materials, which have a moisture-proof effect several times higher than that of ordinary plastic films; placing an appropriate amount of calcium chloride desiccant in the packaging, whose moisture absorption rate can reach 100%, to maintain a dry environment in the packaging; at the same time, using sealed packaging technology and sealing tape for sealing can improve the moisture-proof performance by more than 80% compared with ordinary packaging. A scientific research institution adopted these moisture-proof packaging measures when shipping precision instruments by sea. The instruments did not suffer from moisture damage during transportation, and the accuracy remained stable.
Artworks: Artworks are extremely valuable and have strict requirements for moisture-proof. A humid environment may cause problems such as mold, discoloration, and damage to artworks. The packaging of artworks should be made of materials with good moisture-proof performance, such as moisture-proof cardboard, which has a moisture absorption rate that is more than 50% lower than that of ordinary cardboard; placing an appropriate amount of silica gel desiccant in the packaging, whose moisture absorption rate can reach more than 30% to absorb moisture in the packaging; at the same time, using vacuum packaging technology to extract the air in the packaging and reduce the presence of moisture can extend the shelf life of artworks by 3-5 times. When an art institution transported artworks by sea, these moisture-proof packaging measures were adopted. The artworks did not suffer from moisture damage during transportation and were well preserved.
4. Summary Moisture-proof measures for sea transportation packaging are essential to ensure the safety and quality of goods during transportation. The high humidity, large temperature difference, salt spray erosion and hygroscopicity of the goods in the sea transportation environment have caused the goods to be easily affected by moisture during sea transportation, which in turn caused a series of problems such as damage, mildew and deterioration. Therefore, taking effective moisture-proof measures is an indispensable part of sea transportation packaging.In terms of the selection of packaging materials, materials such as plastic film, aluminum foil composite material, moisture-proof cardboard and moisture-proof treated wooden packaging can effectively block the intrusion of external moisture and reduce the risk of moisture damage to goods due to their good moisture-proof properties.
For example, the moisture permeability of polyethylene film is extremely low, with a moisture permeability of only 0.05 grams per square meter per day; the moisture-proof effect of aluminum foil composite material is several times higher than that of ordinary plastic film; the moisture absorption of moisture-proof cardboard is more than 50% lower than that of ordinary cardboard; and the moisture absorption of moisture-proof treated wooden packaging can be reduced by 70% in an environment with a humidity of 80%. The wide application of these materials provides a variety of moisture-proof packaging options for different types of goods.The application of moisture-proof packaging technology is also indispensable. Vacuum packaging can extend the shelf life of goods by 3-5 times by reducing the air and moisture in the package; inflatable packaging can effectively prevent moisture and oxidation of goods by filling inert gas to reduce oxygen and moisture content; the use of desiccant can absorb moisture in the package and maintain a dry environment. The moisture absorption rate of silica gel desiccant can reach more than 30%, and the moisture absorption rate of calcium chloride desiccant can reach 100%; moisture-proof coating effectively blocks moisture penetration by forming a protective film; sealed packaging technology significantly improves the moisture-proof effect by improving the sealing performance. The combined application of these technologies further enhances the moisture-proof ability of seaborne packaging.
The requirements for moisture-proof packaging are also different for different goods. Goods susceptible to moisture, such as paper, textiles and leather products, as well as valuable goods such as electronic products, precision instruments and artworks, all need to take targeted moisture-proof packaging measures according to their own characteristics. For example, after paper and paper products adopt multi-layer moisture-proof measures, the shelf life is extended by 2 months; after textiles adopt moisture-proof packaging measures, the moisture damage rate is reduced by 90%; after leather products adopt moisture-proof packaging measures, the damage rate is reduced by 85%; after electronic products adopt moisture-proof packaging measures, the damage rate is reduced by 95%; after precision instruments adopt moisture-proof packaging measures, the accuracy remains stable; after artworks adopt moisture-proof packaging measures, they are well preserved. These examples fully prove the effectiveness and necessity of moisture-proof packaging measures.
In summary, sea transportation packaging needs to be moisture-proof, and comprehensive moisture-proof measures must be taken, including selecting appropriate packaging materials, applying effective moisture-proof packaging technology, and carrying out targeted moisture-proof treatment according to the characteristics of the goods. The implementation of these measures can significantly reduce the risk of moisture damage to goods during sea transportation, ensure the safety and quality of goods, reduce economic losses, and maintain the reputation and market image of the enterprise.
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