Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-Q

 

 

(Mark One):

 

x Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2011.

 

¨ Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Commission File Number: 001-14195

 

 

AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   65-0723837

(State or other jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

116 Huntington Avenue

Boston, Massachusetts 02116

(Address of principal executive offices)

Telephone Number (617) 375-7500

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days: Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check One):

 

Large accelerated filer

  x            Accelerated filer   ¨     

Non-accelerated filer

  ¨            Smaller reporting company   ¨     

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes ¨ No x

As of April 22, 2011, there were 396,630,596 shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION

INDEX

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2011

 

           Page No.  

PART I.

   FINANCIAL INFORMATION   

Item 1.

  

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

  
  

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010

     1   
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010

     2   
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010

     3   
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010

     4   
  

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

     5   

Item 2.

  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

     23   

Item 3.

  

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

     37   

Item 4.

  

Controls and Procedures

     39   

PART II.

   OTHER INFORMATION   

Item 1.

   Legal Proceedings      40   

Item 1A.

   Risk Factors      40   

Item 2.

   Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds      49   

Item 6.

   Exhibits      49   

Signatures

     50   

Exhibit Index

     51   


Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS—Unaudited

(in thousands, except share data)

 

     March 31,
2011
    December 31,
2010
 

ASSETS

    

CURRENT ASSETS:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 362,823      $ 883,963   

Restricted cash

     79,427       75,972  

Short term investments and available-for-sale securities

     10,695        46,428  

Accounts receivable, net

     97,829       80,713  

Prepaid and other current assets

     150,393       145,124  

Deferred income taxes

     250,250       169,007  
                

Total current assets

     951,417       1,401,207  
                

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, net

     3,770,671       3,643,028  

GOODWILL

     2,669,986       2,505,802  

OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, net

     2,440,314       1,950,550  

DEFERRED INCOME TAXES

     77,022        78,484  

NOTES RECEIVABLE AND OTHER LONG-TERM ASSETS

     849,339       788,406  
                

TOTAL

   $ 10,758,749      $ 10,367,477   
                

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

    

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

    

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

   $ 431,408      $ 289,824   

Accrued interest

     61,286       40,621  

Current portion of long-term obligations

     178,105       74,896  

Unearned revenue

     155,608       134,135  
                

Total current liabilities

     826,407       539,476  
                

LONG-TERM OBLIGATIONS

     5,387,728       5,512,492  

OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES

     1,035,598       810,951  
                

Total liabilities

     7,249,733       6,862,919  
                

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

    

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

    

Preferred stock: $.01 par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding

Class A common stock: $.01 par value, 1,000,000,000 shares authorized, 486,835,563 and 486,056,952 shares issued, and 397,066,098 and 398,677,234 shares outstanding, respectively

     4,868       4,860  

Additional paid-in capital

     8,589,369       8,577,093  

Accumulated deficit

     (1,644,754     (1,736,596

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     54,416       38,053  

Treasury stock (89,769,465 and 87,379,718 shares at cost, respectively)

     (3,504,705     (3,381,966
                

Total American Tower Corporation stockholders’ equity

     3,499,194       3,501,444  

Noncontrolling interest

     9,822       3,114  
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     3,509,016       3,504,558  
                

TOTAL

   $ 10,758,749      $ 10,367,477   
                

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS—Unaudited

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2011     2010  

REVENUES:

    

Rental and management

   $ 546,655      $ 443,818   

Network development services

     16,040       10,616  
                

Total operating revenues

     562,695       454,434  
                

OPERATING EXPENSES:

    

Costs of operations (exclusive of items shown separately below)

    

Rental and management

     127,859       100,424  

Network development services

     7,469       6,045  

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

     131,231       110,835  

Selling, general, administrative and development expense (including stock-based compensation expense of $12,358 and $13,565, respectively)

     66,132       53,527  

Other operating expenses

     11,704       4,754  
                

Total operating expenses

     344,395       275,585  
                

OPERATING INCOME

     218,300       178,849  
                

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):

    

Interest income, TV Azteca, net of interest expense of $372 and $372, respectively

     3,499       3,499  

Interest income

     2,304       502  

Interest expense

     (74,427     (58,417

Other income

     13,707       396  
                

Total other expense

     (54,917     (54,020
                

INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND INCOME ON EQUITY METHOD INVESTMENTS

     163,383       124,829  

Income tax provision

     (71,423     (28,389

Income on equity method investments

     1       8  
                

INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS

     91,961       96,448  

INCOME FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS, NET OF INCOME TAX BENEFIT OF $0 and $23, RESPECTIVELY

     —          35  
                

NET INCOME

     91,961       96,483  

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

     (119     (165
                

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION

   $ 91,842      $ 96,318   
                

NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE AMOUNTS:

    

BASIC:

    

Income from continuing operations attributable to American Tower Corporation

   $ 0.23      $ 0.24   

Income from discontinued operations attributable to American Tower Corporation

     —          —     
                

Net income attributable to American Tower Corporation

   $ 0.23      $ 0.24   
                

DILUTED:

    

Income from continuing operations attributable to American Tower Corporation

   $ 0.23      $ 0.24   

Income from discontinued operations attributable to American Tower Corporation

     —          —     
                

Net income attributable to American Tower Corporation

   $ 0.23      $ 0.24   
                

WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING:

    

BASIC

     397,768       402,346  
                

DILUTED

     401,899       406,080  
                

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS—Unaudited

(in thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2011     2010  

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

    

Net income

   $ 91,961      $ 96,483   

Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:

    

Stock-based compensation expense

     12,358        13,565  

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

     131,231        110,835  

Other non-cash items reflected in statements of operations

     53,335        34,625  

Increase in net deferred rent asset

     (22,704     (6,430

Increase in restricted cash

     (7,444     (2,909

Increase in assets

     (13,486     (23,093

Increase in liabilities

     38,565        30,573  
                

Cash provided by operating activities

     283,816        253,649  
                

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

    

Payments for purchase of property and equipment and construction activities

     (97,901     (55,057

Payments for acquisitions

     (617,348     (88,487

Proceeds from sale of short-term investments, available-for-sale securities and other long-term assets

     49,189        3,926  

Payments for short-term investments

     (12,037     (12,001

Deposits, restricted cash, investments and other

     3,567        939   
                

Cash used for investing activities

     (674,530     (150,680
                

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

    

Proceeds from short-term borrowings

     101,129        —     

Borrowings under credit facilities

     —          75,000  

Repayments of notes payable, credit facilities and capital leases

     (126,669     (60,709

Purchases of Class A common stock

     (127,723     (58,836

Proceeds from stock options, warrants and stock purchase plan

     10,173        47,469  

Deferred financing costs and other financing activities

     5,564        (274
                

Cash (used for) provided by financing activities

     (137,526     2,650  
                

Net effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents

     7,100        (25
                

NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

     (521,140     105,594  

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF YEAR

     883,963        247,293  
                

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD

   $ 362,823      $ 352,887   
                

CASH PAID FOR INCOME TAXES

   $ 13,477      $ 7,899   
                

CASH PAID FOR INTEREST

   $ 50,806      $ 35,842   
                

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY—Unaudited

(in thousands, except share data)

 

    Class A
Common Stock
    Treasury Stock     Additional
Paid-in
Capital
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
    Accumulated
Deficit
    Noncontrolling
Interest
    Total
Stockholders’
Equity
    Total
Comprehensive
Income
 
    Issued
Shares
    Amount     Shares     Amount              

BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 2009

    479,703,633     $ 4,797        (78,106,649   $ (2,961,177   $ 8,393,643      $ (12,649   $ (2,109,532   $ 3,043      $ 3,318,125     
                                                                         

Share based compensation related activity

    1,647,065       17           47,181             47,198    

Issuance of common stock upon exercise of warrants

    1,631,061       16           6,843             6,859    

Treasury stock activity

        (1,183,431     (51,516             (51,516  

Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges, net of tax

              1,519           1,519     $ 1,519   

Net realized gain on cash flow hedges, net of tax

              30           30       30  

Net unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities, net of tax

              12           12       12  

Foreign currency translation adjustment

              39,408           39,408       39,408  

Distributions to noncontrolling interest

                  (272     (272  

Net income

                96,318       165       96,483       96,483  
                         

Total comprehensive income

                    $ 137,452   
                                                                               

BALANCE, MARCH 31, 2010

    482,981,759     $ 4,830        (79,290,080   $ (3,012,693   $ 8,447,667      $ 28,320      $ (2,013,214   $ 2,936      $ 3,457,846     
                                                                         

BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 2010

    486,056,952     $ 4,860        (87,379,718   $ (3,381,966   $ 8,577,093      $ 38,053      $ (1,736,596   $ 3,114      $ 3,504,558     
                                                                         

Share based compensation related activity

    778,611       8           12,276             12,284    

Treasury stock activity

        (2,389,747     (122,739             (122,739  

Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges, net of tax

              1,977           1,977     $ 1,977   

Net realized gain on cash flow hedges, net of tax

              136           136       136  

Net unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities, net of tax

              (60         (60     (60

Foreign currency translation adjustment

              14,310           14,310       14,310  

Contributions from noncontrolling interest

                  6,723       6,723    

Distributions to noncontrolling interest

                  (134     (134  

Net income

                91,842       119       91,961       91,961  
                         

Total comprehensive income

                    $ 108,324   
                                                                               

BALANCE, MARCH 31, 2011

    486,835,563     $ 4,868        (89,769,465   $ (3,504,705   $ 8,589,369      $ 54,416      $ (1,644,754   $ 9,822      $ 3,509,016     
                                                                         

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—Unaudited

 

1. Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies

American Tower Corporation is, together with its subsidiaries (collectively, “ATC” or the “Company”), an independent owner, operator and developer of wireless and broadcast communications sites in the United States, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, India, Ghana, Mexico, Peru and South Africa. The Company’s primary business is the leasing of antenna space on multi-tenant communications sites to wireless service providers and radio and television broadcast companies. The Company also manages rooftop and tower sites for property owners, operates in-building and outdoor distributed antenna system (“DAS”) networks, and provides network development services that primarily support its rental and management operations and the addition of new tenants and equipment on its sites.

ATC is a holding company that conducts its operations through its directly and indirectly owned subsidiaries. ATC’s principal domestic operating subsidiaries are American Towers, Inc. (“ATI”) and SpectraSite Communications, LLC (“SpectraSite”). ATC conducts its international operations through its subsidiary, American Tower International, Inc., which in turn conducts operations through its various international operating subsidiaries. The Company’s international operations consist primarily of its operations in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, India, Ghana, Mexico, Peru and South Africa.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The financial information included herein is unaudited; however, the Company believes that all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and results of operations for such periods have been included. Results of interim periods may not be indicative of results for the full year. The Company considers events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued as additional evidence for certain estimates or to identify matters that require additional disclosure. Subsequent events have been evaluated up to the date of issuance of these financial statements. These condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.

Significant Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates—The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results may differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company considers events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued as additional evidence for certain estimates or to identify matters that require additional disclosure.

Changes in Presentation—Changes have been made to the presentation of gross purchases and sales of short-term investments within the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2010.

Concentrations of Credit Risk—The Company is subject to concentrations of credit risk related to its cash and cash equivalents, notes receivable, trade receivables and deferred rent asset. The Company mitigates its risk with respect to cash and cash equivalents by maintaining its deposits and contracts at high quality financial institutions and monitoring the credit ratings of those institutions.

 

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Table of Contents

AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—Unaudited—(Continued)

 

The Company derives the largest portion of its revenues, corresponding trade receivables and the related deferred rent asset from a small number of customers in the telecommunications industry, and approximately 55% of its revenues are derived from four customers. In addition, the Company has concentrations of credit risk in certain geographic areas.

The Company mitigates its concentrations of credit risk with respect to notes and trade receivables and the related deferred rent assets by actively monitoring the credit worthiness of its borrowers and customers. In recognizing customer revenue, the Company must assess the collectability of both the amounts billed and the portion recognized on a straight-line basis. This assessment takes customer credit risk and business and industry conditions into consideration to ultimately determine the collectability of the amounts billed. To the extent the amounts, based on management’s estimates, may not be collectable when billed, recognition is deferred until such point as the uncertainty is resolved. Any amounts which were previously recognized as revenue and subsequently determined to be uncollectible are charged to bad debt expense.

The Company’s largest international customer is Iusacell, which is the brand name under which a group of companies controlled by Grupo Iusacell, S.A. de C.V. (“Grupo Iusacell”) operates. Iusacell represented approximately 4% of the Company’s total revenue for three months ended March 31, 2011. Grupo Iusacell has been engaged in a refinancing of a majority of its U.S. Dollar denominated debt, and in connection with this, two of the legal entities of the group, including Grupo Iusacell, voluntarily filed for a pre-packaged Concurso Mercantil (a process substantially equivalent to Chapter 11 of U.S. Bankruptcy Law) with the backing of a majority of their financial creditors in December 2010 and subsequently concluded the process in April 2011 after a Mexican court ruled in favor of the refinancing plan presented by the two legal entities. As of March 31, 2011, Iusacell notes receivable, net, and related assets (which include financing lease commitments and a deferred rent asset that are primarily long-term in nature) were $20.1 million and $52.5 million, respectively.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards—In October 2009, the FASB issued new guidance which establishes accounting and reporting guidance for arrangements including multiple revenue-generating activities. This guidance requires companies to allocate the overall consideration to each deliverable under the arrangement using the estimated selling prices in the absence of vendor specific objective evidence or third-party evidence of selling price for deliverables. This guidance was effective for any contracts entered into, or materially modified by the Company as of January 1, 2011 and did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated results of operations or financial position.

 

2. Short-Term Investments and Available-For-Sale Securities

As of March 31, 2011, short-term investments and available-for-sale securities included investments with original maturities of three months or more of $10.6 million and $0.1 million of available-for-sale securities.

 

3. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The changes in the carrying value of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2011 were as follows (in thousands):

 

Balance as of December 31, 2010, revised for purchase accounting measurement period adjustments

   $ 2,505,802   

Additions

     160,236   

Effect of foreign currency translation

     3,948   
        

Balance as of March 31, 2011

   $ 2,669,986   
        

 

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AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—Unaudited—(Continued)

 

The Company’s other intangible assets subject to amortization consist of the following:

 

          As of March 31, 2011     As of December 31, 2010 (3)  
    Estimated
Useful Lives
    Gross Carrying
Value
    Accumulated
Amortization
    Net Book Value     Gross
Carrying
Value
    Accumulated
Amortization
    Net Book
Value
 
    (years)     (in thousands)  

Acquired network location (1)

    20     $ 1,472,849      $ (615,688   $ 857,161      $ 1,310,828      $ (603,578   $ 707,250   

Acquired customer base

    15-20        753,227       (528,012     225,215       750,104       (513,223     236,881   

Acquired customer relationship

    20       1,534,436       (239,807     1,294,629       1,164,870       (223,628     941,242   

Acquired licenses and other intangibles

    5-15        21,601       (20,016     1,585       21,601       (19,984     1,617   

Economic Rights, TV Azteca

    70       30,292       (13,754     16,538       30,292       (13,646     16,646   
                                                 

Total

      3,812,405       (1,417,277     2,395,128       3,277,695       (1,374,059     1,903,636   

Deferred financing costs, net (2)

    N/A            45,186           46,914   
                         

Other intangible assets, net

        $ 2,440,314          $ 1,950,550   
                         

 

(1) Acquired network location intangibles are amortized over the shorter of the term of the corresponding ground lease or 20 years, as the Company considers these intangibles to be directly related to the tower assets.
(2) Deferred financing costs are amortized over the term of the respective debt instruments to which they relate. This amortization is included in interest expense rather than in amortization expense.
(3) December 31, 2010 balances have been revised to reflect purchase accounting measurement period adjustments.

The Company amortizes these intangibles on a straight-line basis. As of March 31, 2011, the remaining weighted average amortization period of the Company’s intangible assets, excluding the TV Azteca Economic Rights detailed in note 3 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, was approximately 14 years. Amortization of intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 was approximately $42.9 million and $37.8 million (excluding amortization of deferred financing costs, which is included in interest expense), respectively.

 

4. Financing Transactions

Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan—As of March 31, 2011, the Company had $175.0 million outstanding under its $1.25 billion senior unsecured revolving credit facility (“Revolving Credit Facility”) and had approximately $32.9 million of undrawn letters of credit outstanding. In April 2011, the Company borrowed $100.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility and $30.0 million of undrawn letters of credit were cancelled. In March 2008, the Company increased its borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility by adding $325.0 million of term loan commitments (“Term Loan”). As of March 31, 2011, the Term Loan was fully drawn. The Company continues to maintain the ability to draw down and repay amounts under the Revolving Credit Facility in the ordinary course. The Revolving Credit Facility has a term of five years and matures on June 8, 2012.

 

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Supplemental Credit Facility—On April 8, 2011, the Company entered into a new unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Supplemental Credit Facility”) that allows the Company to borrow $860.0 million and, subject to receiving additional commitments, up to $1.0 billion.

The Supplemental Credit Facility has a term of five years and matures on April 8, 2016. Any outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest will be due and payable in full at maturity. The Supplemental Credit Facility does not require amortization of principal and may be paid prior to maturity in whole or in part at the Company’s option without penalty or premium.

The Company has the option of choosing either a defined base rate or the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) as the applicable base rate for borrowings under the Supplemental Credit Facility. The interest rate ranges between 1.350% to 2.600% above the LIBOR rate for LIBOR based borrowings or between 0.350% to 1.600% above the defined base rate for base rate borrowings, in each case based upon the Company’s debt ratings. A quarterly commitment fee on the undrawn portion of the Supplemental Credit Facility is required, ranging from 0.250% to 0.550% per annum, based upon the Company’s debt ratings. The current margin over LIBOR that the Company would incur on borrowings is 1.850% and the current commitment fee on the undrawn portion of the new credit facility is 0.350%.

The loan agreement contains certain reporting, information, financial ratios and operating covenants and other restrictions (including limitations on additional debt, guaranties, sales of assets and liens) with which the Company must comply. Any failure to comply with the financial and operating covenants of the loan agreement would not only prevent the Company from being able to borrow additional funds, but would constitute a default, which could result in, among other things, the amounts outstanding, including all accrued interest and unpaid fees, becoming immediately due and payable.

Colombian Short-Term Credit Facility—In connection with the purchase of the exclusive rights for towers from Telefónica S.A.’s Colombian subsidiary, Colombia Telecomunicaciones S.A. E.S.P. (“Coltel”), the Company entered into a 72.8 billion Colombian Peso-denominated revolving credit facility on September 3, 2010. On November 24, 2010, the Company increased the revolving credit facility by 66.3 billion Colombian Pesos. As of March 31, 2011, 139.1 billion Colombian Pesos (approximately $74.3 million) were outstanding under this credit facility, which is due May 26, 2011.

South African Bridge Loan—In connection with the acquisition of 959 communications sites from Cell C (Pty) Limited (“Cell C”), the Company entered into a 695.4 million South African Rand-denominated bridge loan (“Bridge Loan”) on March 2, 2011. As of March 31, 2011, 695.4 million South African Rand (approximately $102.7 million) were outstanding under this loan. The Bridge Loan matures on September 30, 2011.

Stock Repurchase Programs—During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company continued to repurchase shares of its Common Stock pursuant to its publicly announced stock repurchase program, as described below.

In February 2008, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program for the repurchase of up to $1.5 billion of its Common Stock (“2008 Buyback”). During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company repurchased 2.4 million shares of its Common Stock for an aggregate of $122.7 million, including commissions and fees, pursuant to the 2008 Buyback. Between April 1, 2011 and April 22, 2011, the Company repurchased an additional 0.5 million shares of its Common Stock for an aggregate of $24.3

 

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million, including commissions and fees. As of April 22, 2011, the Company had repurchased a total of 32.7 million shares of its Common Stock for an aggregate of $1.3 billion, including commissions and fees, pursuant to the 2008 Buyback.

In March 2011, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a new stock repurchase program, pursuant to which the Company is authorized to purchase up to an additional $1.5 billion of Common Stock.

Under each program, the Company is authorized to purchase shares from time to time through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions at prevailing prices in accordance with securities laws and other legal requirements, and subject to market conditions and other factors. To facilitate repurchases, the Company plans to make purchases pursuant to trading plans under Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which allows the Company to repurchase shares during periods when it otherwise might be prevented from doing so under insider trading laws or because of self-imposed trading blackout periods.

In the near term, the Company expects to fund any further repurchases of its Common Stock through a combination of cash on hand, cash generated by operations and borrowings under its credit facilities. Purchases under each program are subject to the Company having available cash to fund repurchases.

 

5. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company is exposed to certain risks related to its ongoing business operations. The primary risk managed through the use of derivative instruments is interest rate risk. From time to time, the Company enters into interest rate protection agreements to manage exposure on the variable rate debt under its credit facilities and to manage variability in cash flows relating to forecasted interest payments. Under these agreements, the Company is exposed to credit risk to the extent that a counterparty fails to meet the terms of a contract. The Company’s credit risk exposure is limited to the current value of the contract at the time the counterparty fails to perform.

If a derivative is designated as a cash flow hedge, the effective portions of changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and are recognized in the results of operations when the hedged item affects earnings. Ineffective portions of changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges are recognized immediately in the results of operations. For derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments, changes in fair value are recognized in the results of operations in the period in which the change occurs.

As of March 31, 2011, all of the Company’s interest rate swap agreements have expired. As of December 31, 2010, the carrying amounts of the Company’s derivative financial instruments, along with the estimated fair values of the related liabilities were as follows (in thousands):

 

    

Balance Sheet Location

     Notional Amount      Carrying Amount and Fair Value  

Liabilities:

        

Interest rate swap agreements

     Other long-term liabilities       $ 525,000       $ (3,311

 

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During the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, the interest rate swap agreements held by the Company had the following impact on other comprehensive income (“OCI”) included in the condensed consolidated balance sheet and in the condensed consolidated statement of operations (in thousands):

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2011

 

Amount of Gain/(Loss)
Recognized in OCI on
Derivatives  (Effective
Portion)

  Location of Gain/(Loss)
Reclassified from
Accumulated OCI into
Income  (Effective Portion)
    Amount of Gain/(Loss)
Reclassified from
Accumulated OCI into
Income (Effective Portion)
    Location of Gain/(Loss)
Recognized in Income on
Derivative (Ineffective
Portion and Amount
Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing)
    Gain/(Loss) Recognized in
Income on Derivative
(Ineffective Portion and
Amount Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing)
 

$(228)

    Interest expense      $ (2,205     N/A        N/A   

Three Months Ended March 31, 2010

 

Amount of Gain/(Loss)
Recognized in OCI on
Derivatives  (Effective
Portion)

  Location of Gain/(Loss)
Reclassified from
Accumulated OCI into
Income (Effective Portion)
    Amount of Gain/(Loss)
Reclassified from
Accumulated OCI into
Income (Effective Portion)
    Location of Gain/(Loss)
Recognized in Income on
Derivative (Ineffective
Portion and Amount
Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing)
    Gain/(Loss) Recognized in
Income on Derivative
(Ineffective Portion and
Amount Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing)
 

$(3,180)

    Interest expense      $ (4,699     N/A        N/A   

 

6. Fair Value Measurements

The Company determines the fair market values of its financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Below are the three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

 

Level 1    Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2    Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3    Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis—The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are required to be measured on a recurring basis at fair value is as follows:

 

    March 31, 2011  
    Fair Value Measurements
Using
    Assets/Liabilities
at Fair Value
 
    Level 1     Level 2     Level 3    
    (in thousands)  

Assets:

       

Short-term investments and available-for-sale securities (1)

  $ 10,695          $ 10,695   

 

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     December 31, 2010  
     Fair Value Measurements
Using
     Assets/Liabilities
at Fair Value
 
     Level 1      Level 2      Level 3     
     (in thousands)  

Assets:

           

Short-term investments and available-for-sale securities (1)

   $ 46,428             $ 46,428   

Liabilities:

           

Interest rate swap agreements (2)

      $ 3,311          $ 3,311   

 

(1) Consists of available-for-sale securities traded on active markets as well as certain short-term investments that are highly liquid and actively traded in over-the-counter markets.
(2) Consists of interest rate swap agreements based on the LIBOR whose value is determined using a pricing model with inputs that are observable in the market or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.

Cash and cash equivalents include short-term investments, including money market funds, with original maturities of three months or less whose fair value equaled cost at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.

As of March 31, 2011, there were no interest rate swap agreements outstanding. As of December 31, 2010, the fair value of the Company’s interest rate swap agreements recorded as liabilities is included in other long-term liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet. Fair valuations of the Company’s interest rate swap agreements reflect the value of the instrument including the values associated with counterparty risk and the Company’s own credit standing. The Company includes in the valuation of the derivative instrument the value of the net credit differential between the counterparties to the derivative contract.

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis—During the three months ended March 31, 2011, long-lived assets held and used with a carrying value of $3,797.7 million were written down to their net realizable value, resulting in an asset impairment charge of $0.2 million. These adjustments were determined by comparing the estimated proceeds from sale of assets or the projected future discounted cash flows to be provided from the long-lived assets (calculated using level 3 inputs) to the asset’s carrying value.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments—The carrying value of the Company’s financial instruments, with the exception of long-term obligations, including current portion, reasonably approximate the related fair values as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010. The Company’s estimates of fair value of its long-term obligations, including current portion, are based primarily upon reported market values. As of March 31, 2011, the carrying value and fair value of long-term obligations, including current portion, were $5.6 billion and $5.7 billion, respectively. As of December 31, 2010, the carrying value and fair value of long-term obligations, including current portion, were $5.6 billion and $5.8 billion, respectively.

 

7. Income Taxes

The Company provides for income taxes at the end of each interim period based on the estimated effective tax rate for the full fiscal year. Cumulative adjustments to the Company’s estimate are recorded in the interim period in which a change in the estimated annual effective rate is determined.

As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that would impact the effective tax rate, if recognized, was $51.1 million and $33.0 million, respectively. The increase in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits during the three months ended March 31, 2011 is primarily attributable to uncertain tax positions assumed in connection with the Company’s acquisition in Brazil on March 1, 2011. The Company expects the unrecognized tax benefits to change over the next 12 months if certain tax matters

 

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ultimately settle with the applicable taxing jurisdiction during this timeframe, as described in note 11 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. The impact of the amount of such changes to previously recorded uncertain tax positions could range from zero to $4.0 million.

The Company recorded penalties and tax-related interest expense, net of related federal tax benefit, during the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 of $1.3 million and $0.7 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the total amount of accrued income tax-related interest and penalties included in other long-term liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets was $25.8 million and $18.0 million, respectively.

 

8. Stock-Based Compensation

The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense during the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 of $12.4 million and $13.6 million, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2011 includes $2.7 million related to the modification of the vesting and exercise terms for a certain employee’s equity awards. The Company did not capitalize any stock-based compensation during the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.

Stock Options—The following table summarizes the Company’s option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2011:

 

     Number of
Options
 

Outstanding as of January 1, 2011

     7,962,566  

Granted

     1,023,002  

Exercised

     (303,568

Forfeited

     (68,612

Expired

     (1,200
        

Outstanding as of March 31, 2011

     8,612,188  
        

The Company estimates the fair value of each option grant on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes pricing model. The following assumptions were used to determine the grant date fair value for options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2011:

 

Range of risk-free interest rate

   2.05% - 2.11%

Weighted average risk-free interest rate

   2.05%

Expected life of option grants

   4.5

Range of expected volatility of underlying stock price

   36.89% - 36.90%

Weighted average expected volatility of underlying stock price

   36.90%

Expected annual dividends

   N/A

The weighted average grant date fair value per share during the three months ended March 31, 2011 was $17.13. As of March 31, 2011, total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options was $21.3 million, and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately three years.

 

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Restricted Stock Units—The following table summarizes the Company’s restricted stock unit activity during the three months ended March 31, 2011:

 

     Number of
Units
 

Outstanding as of January 1, 2011

     2,200,225  

Granted

     832,158  

Vested

     (676,721

Forfeited

     (31,640
        

Outstanding as of March 31, 2011

     2,324,022  
        

As of March 31, 2011, total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock units was $90.1 million, and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately three years.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan—The Company maintains an employee stock purchase plan for all eligible employees as described in note 12 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. The offering periods run from June 1 through November 30 and from December 1 through May 31 of each year, and accordingly no shares were purchased by employees during the three months ended March 31, 2011.

 

9. Earnings per Common Share

Basic income from continuing operations per common share represents income from continuing operations attributable to American Tower Corporation divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted income from continuing operations per common share represents income from continuing operations attributable to American Tower Corporation divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period and any dilutive common share equivalents, including shares issuable upon exercise of stock options, share based awards and warrants as determined under the treasury stock method and upon conversion of the Company’s convertible notes, as determined under the if-converted method. Dilutive common share equivalents also include the dilutive impact of the ALLTEL transaction (see note 10).

The following table sets forth basic and diluted income from continuing operations per common share computational data for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 (in thousands, except per share data):

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2011      2010  
     

Income from continuing operations attributable to American Tower Corporation

   $ 91,842      $ 96,283  
                 

Basic weighted average common shares outstanding

     397,768        402,346  

Dilutive securities

     4,131        3,734  
                 

Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding

     401,899        406,080  
                 

Basic income from continuing operations attributable to American Tower Corporation per common share

   $ 0.23      $ 0.24  
                 

Diluted income from continuing operations attributable to American Tower Corporation per common share

   $ 0.23      $ 0.24  
                 

 

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For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, the weighted average number of common shares outstanding excluded shares issuable upon exercise of the Company’s stock options and share based awards of 1.0 million and 1.4 million, respectively, as the effect would be anti-dilutive. Additionally, as of March 31, 2010, the weighted average number of common shares outstanding excluded 0.6 million of shares issuable upon conversion of the Company’s convertible notes, which were repaid in 2010.

 

10. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation—The Company periodically becomes involved in various claims and lawsuits that are incidental to its business. In the opinion of Company management, after consultation with counsel, other than the legal proceedings discussed below, there are no matters currently pending that would, in the event of an adverse outcome, materially impact the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

Mexico Litigation—One of the Company’s subsidiaries, SpectraSite Communications, Inc. (“SCI”), is involved in a lawsuit brought in Mexico against a former Mexican subsidiary of SCI (the subsidiary of SCI was sold in 2002, prior to the Company’s merger with SCI’s parent in 2005). The lawsuit concerns a terminated tower construction contract and related agreements with a wireless carrier in Mexico. The primary issue for the Company is whether SCI itself can be found liable to the Mexican carrier. The trial and lower appellate courts initially found that SCI had no such liability in part because Mexican courts do not have the necessary jurisdiction over SCI. Following several decisions by Mexican appellate courts, including the Supreme Court of Mexico, and related appeals by both parties, an intermediate appellate court issued a new decision that would, if enforceable, reimpose liability on SCI in September 2010. In its decision, the intermediate appellate court identified potential damages of approximately $6.7 million, and on October 14, 2010, the Company filed a new constitutional appeal to again dispute the decision. As a result, at this stage of the proceeding, the Company is unable to determine whether the liability imposed on SCI by the September 2010 decision will survive or to estimate its share, if any, of that potential liability if the decision survives the pending appeal.

XCEL Litigation—On June 3, 2010, Horse-Shoe Capital (“Horse-Shoe”), a company formed under the laws of the Republic of Mauritius, filed a complaint in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County, with respect to Horse-Shoe’s sale of XCEL Telecom Private Limited (“XCEL”) to American Tower Mauritius (“AT Mauritius”), the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary formed under the laws of the Republic of Mauritius. The complaint names AT Mauritius, ATI and the Company as defendants, and the dispute concerns the timing and amount of distributions to be made by AT Mauritius to Horse-Shoe from a $7.5 million holdback escrow account and a $15.7 million tax escrow account, each established by the transaction agreements at closing. The complaint seeks release of the entire holdback escrow account, plus an additional $2.8 million, as well as the release of approximately $12.0 million of the tax escrow account. The complaint also seeks punitive damages in excess of $69.0 million. The Company filed an answer to the complaint in August 2010, disputing both the amounts alleged to be owed under the escrow agreements as well as the timing of the escrow distributions. The Company also asserted in its answer that the demand for punitive damages is meritless. The parties filed cross-motions for summary judgment concerning the release of the tax escrow account and, in January 2011, the court granted the Company’s motion for summary judgment, finding no obligation for the Company to release the disputed portion of the tax escrow until 2013. Other claims are pending. In March 2011, Horse-Shoe filed a motion for summary judgment seeking disbursement of $5.3 million of the holdback escrow account that it claims is undisputed. The Company has opposed the motion and is vigorously defending the lawsuit.

AT&T Transaction—The Company has an agreement with SBC Communications Inc., a predecessor entity to AT&T Inc. (“AT&T”), for the lease or sublease of approximately 2,500 towers from AT&T between December 2000 and August 2004. All of the towers are part of the Company’s securitization transaction. The average term of the lease or sublease for all sites at the inception of the agreement was approximately 27 years, assuming renewals or extensions of the underlying ground leases for the sites. The Company has the option to

 

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purchase the sites subject to the applicable lease or sublease upon its expiration. Each tower is assigned to an annual tranche, ranging from 2013 to 2032, which represents the outside expiration date for the sublease rights to that tower. The purchase price for each site is a fixed amount stated in the sublease for that site plus the fair market value of certain alterations made to the related tower by AT&T. The aggregate purchase option price for the towers leased and subleased was approximately $464.0 million as of March 31, 2011, and will accrete at a rate of 10% per year to the applicable expiration of the lease or sublease of a site. For all such sites purchased by the Company prior to June 30, 2020, AT&T will continue to lease the reserved space at the then-current monthly fee which shall escalate in accordance with the standard master lease agreement for the remainder of AT&T’s tenancy. Thereafter, AT&T shall have the right to renew such lease for up to four successive five-year terms. For all such sites purchased by the Company subsequent to June 30, 2020, AT&T has the right to continue to lease the reserved space for successive one year terms at a rent equal to the lesser of the agreed upon market rate and the then current monthly fee, which is subject to an annual increase based on changes in the Consumer Price Index.

ALLTEL Transaction—In December 2000, the Company entered into an agreement with ALLTEL (which completed its merger with Verizon Wireless in January 2009) to acquire towers from ALLTEL through a 15-year sublease agreement. Pursuant to the agreement with ALLTEL, as amended, the Company acquired rights to a total of approximately 1,800 towers in tranches between April 2001 and March 2002. The Company has the option to purchase each tower at the expiration of the applicable sublease, which will occur in tranches between April 2016 and March 2017 based on the original closing date for such tranche of towers. The purchase price per tower as of the original closing date was $27,500 and will accrete at a rate of 3% per annum through the expiration of the applicable sublease. The aggregate purchase option price for the subleased towers was approximately $65.6 million as of March 31, 2011. At ALLTEL’s option, at the expiration of the sublease, the purchase price would be payable in cash or with 769 shares of the Company’s Common Stock per tower.

 

11. Acquisitions and Other Transactions

Acquisitions

ETIPL Acquisition—On August 6, 2010, the Company’s indirectly held, wholly owned Indian subsidiary, Transcend Infrastructure Limited, acquired substantially all the issued and outstanding shares of Essar Telecom Infrastructure Private Limited (“ETIPL”), for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $420.7 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company made certain purchase accounting adjustments and retrospectively adjusted the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the condensed consolidated balance sheet for the year ended December 31, 2010. The acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination. The purchase price was allocated to the acquired assets and liabilities based on the estimated fair value of the acquired assets at the date of acquisition.

The following table summarizes the aggregate purchase consideration paid and the amounts of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date (in thousands):

 

     Updated Purchase
Price Allocation (1)
    Preliminary Purchase
Price Allocation (2)
 

Current assets (3)

   $ 145,029      $ 147,996   

Other non-current assets

     2,762        2,762   

Property and equipment

     189,750        189,750   

Intangible assets (4)

     151,371        151,371   

Current liabilities

     (195,567     (198,286

Other long-term liabilities

     (67,187     (66,247
                

Fair value of net assets acquired

   $ 226,158      $ 227,346   
                

Goodwill (5)

     194,541        193,353   

 

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(1) Reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets in the Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2011.
(2) Reflected in the consolidated balance sheet in the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.
(3) Includes approximately $13.2 million of accounts receivable which approximates the value due to the Company under certain contractual arrangements.
(4) Consists of customer relationships of approximately $94.7 million and network location intangibles of approximately $56.7 million as of March 31, 2011. The customer relationships and network location intangibles are being amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of 20 years.
(5) The Company expects that the goodwill recorded will not be deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill was allocated to the Company’s international rental and management segment.

Peru Acquisition—On August 9, 2010, the Company announced that it had entered into a definitive agreement to purchase towers from Telefonica del Peru S.A.A. As of March 31, 2011, the Company acquired 475 of these towers. The acquisition had a final purchase price, after certain post-closing adjustments, of $87.8 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company made certain purchase accounting adjustments and retrospectively adjusted the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the condensed consolidated balance sheet for the year ended December 31, 2010. The acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination. The purchase price was allocated to the acquired assets and liabilities based on the estimated fair value of the acquired assets at the date of acquisition.

The following table summarizes the aggregate purchase consideration paid and the amounts of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date (in thousands):

 

     Updated Purchase
Price Allocation (1)
    Preliminary Purchase
Price Allocation (2)
 

Non-current assets

   $ 16,227      $ 13,850   

Property and equipment

     5,450        4,966   

Intangible assets (3)

     55,650        56,876   

Other long-term liabilities

     (7,060     (6,433
                

Fair value of net assets acquired

   $ 70,267      $ 69,259   
                

Goodwill (4)

     17,494        18,785   

 

(1) Reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets in the Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2011.
(2) Reflected in the consolidated balance sheet in the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.
(3) Consists of customer relationships of approximately $16.5 million and network location intangibles of approximately $39.2 million as of March 31, 2011. The customer relationships and network location intangibles are being amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of 20 years.
(4) The Company will receive a deduction for income tax purposes for an amount equal to the goodwill recorded. The goodwill was allocated to the international rental and management segment.

Chile- VTR Acquisition—On February 1, 2011, the Company acquired 140 communications sites from VTR Banda Ancha (Chile) S.A and its affiliates, and subsequently purchased 40 communications sites under construction in March 2011 for an aggregate purchase price of $19.9 million. The acquisition is consistent with the Company’s strategy to expand in selected international markets. The acquisition is being accounted for as a business combination.

The purchase price was preliminarily allocated to the acquired assets and liabilities based upon their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition. The preliminary allocation of the purchase price will be finalized

 

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AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—Unaudited—(Continued)

 

upon completion of the transaction and the analyses of fair value of the net assets acquired and may result in the recognition of goodwill.

The following table summarizes the allocation of the aggregate purchase consideration paid and the amounts of assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition (in thousands):

 

     Preliminary
Purchase
Price  Allocation
 

Current assets

   $ 2,888   

Property and equipment

     6,400   

Intangible assets (1)

     13,213   

Other long-term liabilities

     (2,612
        

Fair value of net assets acquired

   $ 19,889   

 

(1) Consists of customer relationships of approximately $8.1 million and network location intangibles of approximately $5.1 million. The customer relationships and network location intangibles are being amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of 20 years.

South Africa Acquisition—On November 4, 2010, the Company entered into a definitive agreement with Cell C to purchase up to approximately 1,400 existing towers, and up to 1,800 additional towers that either are under construction or will be constructed, for an aggregate purchase price of up to approximately $430 million. On March 8, 2011, the Company completed the purchase of 959 existing towers through its local South African subsidiary for an aggregate purchase price of $149.1 million, including value added tax, using cash on hand, local financing and funds contributed by South African investors who currently hold an approximate 25% noncontrolling interest in the Company’s South African subsidiary. Approximately $140.3 million was funded in March 2011 and $8.8 million was funded in April 2011. The Company expects to close on the remaining existing towers during 2011, subject to customary closing conditions. The acquisition is consistent with the Company’s strategy to expand in selected international markets.

The acquisition is being accounted for as a business combination. The purchase price was preliminarily allocated to the acquired assets and liabilities based upon their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition. The preliminary goodwill of $21.7 million is calculated as the purchase premium after first allocating the purchase price to the fair value of net assets acquired. The preliminary allocation of the purchase price will be finalized upon the final settlement of the purchase price with the sellers and the subsequent completion of analyses of the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired.

The following table summarizes the allocation of the aggregate purchase consideration paid and the amounts of assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition (in thousands):

 

     Purchase
Price  Allocation
 

Non-current assets

   $ 8,792   

Property and equipment

     42,305   

Intangible assets (1)

     96,827   

Current liabilities

     (74

Other long-term liabilities

     (20,458
        

Fair value of net assets acquired

   $ 127,392   
        

Goodwill (2)

     21,736   

 

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AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—Unaudited—(Continued)

 

 

(1) Consists of customer relationships of approximately $84.5 million and network location intangibles of approximately $12.3 million. The customer relationships and network location intangibles are being amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of 20 years.
(2) The Company expects that the goodwill recorded will not be deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill was allocated to the Company’s international rental and management segment.

Brazil Acquisition —On March 1, 2011, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of a company that owned 627 towers in Brazil for $553.2 million, of which $419.2 million was paid using cash on hand in March 2011. The acquisition is subject to a post closing purchase price adjustment, following the Company’s post-closing due diligence of the acquired company’s financial results.

The acquisition is being accounted for as a business combination. The purchase price was preliminarily allocated to the acquired assets and liabilities based upon their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition. The preliminary allocation of the purchase price will be finalized upon the settlement of the purchase price with the sellers and the subsequent completion of analyses of the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired.

The following table summarizes the allocation of the aggregate purchase consideration paid and the amounts of assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition (in thousands):

 

     Preliminary
Purchase
Price  Allocation
 

Current assets (1)

   $ 6,853   

Non-current assets (2)

     29,648   

Property and equipment

     33,180   

Intangible assets (3)

     396,392   

Current liabilities

     (4,440

Other long-term liabilities (2)

     (46,639
        

Fair value of net assets acquired

   $ 414,994   
        

Goodwill (4)

     138,240   

 

(1) Includes approximately $4.1 million of accounts receivable, which approximates the value due to the Company under certain contractual arrangements.
(2) Other long-term liabilities includes contingent amounts of approximately $31.4 million primarily related to uncertain tax positions related to the acquisition and non-current assets includes $24.0 million of a related indemnification asset.
(3) Consists of customer relationships of approximately $254.6 million and network location intangibles of approximately $141.8 million. The customer relationships and network location intangibles are being amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of 20 years.
(4) The Company expects that the goodwill recorded will not be deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill was allocated to the Company’s international rental and management segment.

Approximately $4.8 million of revenue and $0.8 million of net income associated with this acquisition is included in the condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2011.

U.S. Acquisitions—During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company acquired a total of 42 communications sites in the United States for $23.8 million and contingent consideration of $0.1 million. The acquisition of these towers is consistent with the Company’s strategy to expand in selected geographic areas and have been accounted for as business combinations.

 

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AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—Unaudited—(Continued)

 

The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the aggregate purchase consideration paid and the amounts of assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the estimated fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities at the date of acquisition (in thousands):

 

     Preliminary
Purchase
Price  Allocation
 

Property and equipment

   $ 8,263   

Intangible assets (1)

     15,767   

Other long-term liabilities

     (273
        

Fair value of net assets acquired

   $ 23,757   
        

Goodwill (2)

     160   

 

(1) Consists of customer relationships of approximately $15.2 million and network location intangibles of approximately $0.6 million. The customer relationships and network location are being amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of 20 years.
(2) The Company will receive a deduction for income tax purposes for an amount equal to the goodwill recorded. The goodwill was allocated to the Company’s domestic rental and management segment.

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company made certain purchase accounting adjustments to several U.S. acquisitions and retrospectively adjusted the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the condensed consolidated balance sheet for the year ended December 31, 2010.

The following table summarizes the aggregate purchase consideration paid and the amounts of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date for acquisitions which closed during the year-ended December 31, 2010 (in thousands):

 

     Updated Purchase
Price Allocation (1)
    Preliminary Purchase
Price Allocation (2)
 

Other non-current assets

   $ 598      $ 442   

Property and equipment

     82,990        64,564   

Intangible assets (3)

     227,322        260,898   

Current liabilities

     (360     (360

Other long-term liabilities

     (8,418     (7,802
                

Fair value of net assets acquired

   $ 302,132      $ 317,742   
                

Goodwill (4)

     31,741        16,131   

 

(1) Reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets in the Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2011.
(2) Reflected in the consolidated balance sheet in the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.
(3) Consists of customer relationships of approximately $162.1 million and network location intangibles of approximately $65.2 million as of March 31, 2011. The customer relationships and network location intangibles are being amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of 20 years.
(4) The Company will receive a deduction for income tax purposes for an amount equal to the goodwill recorded. The goodwill was allocated to the Company’s domestic rental and management segment.

The allocation of the purchase price will be finalized upon completion of analyses of the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.

 

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AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—Unaudited—(Continued)

 

Other Transactions

Coltel Transaction—On September 3, 2010, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to purchase the exclusive use rights for towers in Colombia from Coltel until 2023, when ownership of the towers will transfer to the Company at no additional cost. Pursuant to that agreement, during the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company completed the purchase of exclusive use rights for 116 towers for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $21.0 million, of which $12.2 million was paid during the three months ended March 31, 2011. The transaction has been accounted for as a capital lease, with the aggregated purchase price being allocated to property and equipment and non-current assets.

 

12. Business Segments

The Company operates in three business segments: domestic rental and management, international rental and management and network development services. The domestic rental and management segment provides for the leasing of antenna space on multi-tenant communications sites to wireless service providers and radio and television broadcast companies in the United States. The international rental and management segment provides for the leasing of antenna space on multi-tenant communications sites to wireless service providers and radio and television broadcast companies in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, India, Ghana, Mexico, Peru and South Africa. Through its network development services segment, the Company offers tower-related services in the United States, including site acquisition, zoning and permitting services and structural analyses services which primarily support the Company’s site leasing business and the addition of new tenants and equipment on its sites.

The accounting policies applied in compiling segment information below are similar to those described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. In evaluating financial performance, management focuses on segment gross margin and segment operating profit. The Company defines segment gross margin as segment revenue less segment operating expenses excluding depreciation, amortization and accretion; selling, general, administrative and development expense; and other operating expenses. The Company defines segment operating profit as segment gross margin less selling, general, administrative and development expense attributable to the segment, excluding stock-based compensation expense and corporate expenses. For reporting purposes, the international rental and management segment operating profit and segment gross margin also include interest income, TV Azteca, net. These measures of segment gross margin and segment operating profit are also before interest income, interest expense, loss on retirement of long-term obligations, other income (expense), net income attributable to noncontrolling interest, income (loss) on equity method investments, income taxes and discontinued operations.

 

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AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—Unaudited—(Continued)

 

Summarized financial information concerning the Company’s reportable segments for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 is shown in the tables below. The Other column below represents amounts excluded from specific segments, such as business development operations, stock-based compensation expense and corporate expenses included in selling, general, administrative and development expense; other operating expense; interest income; interest expense; loss on retirement of long-term obligations; and other income (expense), as well as reconciles segment operating profit to income (loss) before income taxes, noncontrolling interest and income (loss) on equity method investments that are not utilized in assessing each unit’s performance.

 

    Rental and Management     Total Rental and
Management
    Network
Development
Services
    Other     Total  

Three months ended March 31, 2011

  Domestic     International          
    (in thousands)  

Segment revenues

  $ 417,626     $ 129,029     $ 546,655     $ 16,040       $ 562,695  

Segment operating expenses

    83,182       44,677       127,859       7,469         135,328  

Interest income, TV Azteca, net

    —          3,499       3,499       —            3,499  
                                         

Segment gross margin

    334,444       87,851       422,295       8,571         430,866  
                                         

Segment selling, general, administrative and development expense

    18,179       17,461       35,640       1,663         37,303  
                                         

Segment operating profit

  $ 316,265     $ 70,390     $ 386,655     $ 6,908       $ 393,563  
                                         

Other selling, general, administrative and development expense

          $ 28,829       28,829  

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

            131,231       131,231  

Other expense (principally interest expense)

            70,120       70,120  
                 

Income from continuing operations before income taxes and income on equity method investments

            $ 163,383  
                 

 

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AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—Unaudited—(Continued)

 

    Rental and Management     Total Rental and
Management
    Network
Development
Services
    Other     Total  

Three Months Ended March 31, 2010

  Domestic     International          
    (in thousands)  

Segment revenues

  $ 370,017     $ 73,801     $ 443,818     $ 10,616       $ 454,434  

Segment operating expenses

    77,354       23,070       100,424       6,045         106,469  

Interest income, TV Azteca, net

    —          3,499       3,499       —            3,499  
                                         

Segment gross margin

    292,663       54,230       346,893       4,571         351,464  
                                         

Segment selling, general, administrative and development expense

    14,232       8,943       23,175       1,619         24,794  
                                         

Segment operating profit

  $ 278,431     $ 45,287     $ 323,718     $ 2,952         326,670  
                                         

Other selling, general, administrative and development expense

          $ 28,733       28,733  

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

            110,835       110,835  

Other expense (principally interest expense)

            62,273       62,273  
                 

Income from continuing operations before income taxes and income on equity method investments

            $ 124,829  
                 

 

13. Subsequent Events

Joint Venture with MTN Group—As previously disclosed, the Company entered into a definitive agreement with MTN Group Limited to establish a joint venture in Ghana, of which the Company will own a 51% share through a wholly owned subsidiary. Pursuant to the agreement, the joint venture expects to purchase a total of up to 1,876 existing towers from MTN in various tranches throughout 2011 and early 2012. The Company’s investment in the joint venture will be approximately $220.0 million. The Company signed the necessary agreements to establish the joint venture on May 3, 2011 and the joint venture is in the process of closing an initial tranche of 400 towers. The Company’s portion of the purchase price will be approximately $63.0 million, including value added tax and a working capital contribution, and is subject to a post closing purchase price adjustment. The joint venture expects to close on the approximately 1,476 remaining towers in the second half of 2011 and early 2012, subject to customary closing conditions. MTN will be the anchor tenant on each of the towers purchased.

U.S. Acquisition—On April 21, 2011, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire up to 183 communications sites in the United States for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $64.5 million. The Company acquired four communications sites on April 29, 2011 for an aggregate purchase price of $2.1 million and expects to close on the remaining sites during 2011, subject to due diligence.

Chile Acquisition—As previously disclosed, the Company entered into definitive agreements to purchase towers from Telefónica Chile S.A. and its affiliates. In April 2011, the Company acquired 171 communications sites in Chile for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $17.6 million.

 

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements relating to our goals, beliefs, plans or current expectations and other statements that are not of historical facts. For example, when we use words such as “project,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “estimate,” “intend,” “should,” “would,” “could” or “may,” or other words that convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes, we are making forward-looking statements. Certain important factors may cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by our forward-looking statements, including those set forth under the caption “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Forward-looking statements represent management’s current expectations and are inherently uncertain. We do not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements made by us.

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations that follow are based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). The preparation of our financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. This discussion should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements herein and the accompanying notes thereto, information set forth under the caption “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” beginning on page 47 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, in particular, the information set forth therein under Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

Overview

We are a leading wireless and broadcast communications infrastructure company that owns, operates and develops communications sites. Our communications site portfolio includes wireless communications towers, broadcast communications towers and distributed antenna system (“DAS”) networks, which are collocation solutions to support seamless in-building and outdoor wireless coverage. Our portfolio consists of towers that we own and towers that we operate pursuant to long-term lease arrangements, including, as of March 31, 2011, approximately 21,000 towers domestically and approximately 16,000 towers internationally. Our portfolio also includes approximately 200 in-building and outdoor DAS networks that we operate in malls, casinos and other in-building applications, and select outdoor environments. In addition to the communications sites in our portfolio, we manage rooftop and tower sites for property owners. Our primary business is leasing antenna space on multi-tenant communications sites to wireless service providers and radio and television broadcast companies. We refer to this business as our rental and management operations, which accounted for approximately 97% of our total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2011.

In the section that follows, we provide information regarding management’s expectations of long-term drivers of demand for our communications sites, as well as our current quarter results of operations, financial position, and sources and uses of liquidity. In addition, we highlight key trends, which management believes provides valuable insight into operating and financial resource allocation decisions for the Company.

 

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Revenue Growth.    Our revenue is primarily generated from tenant leases, and the annual rental payments vary considerably depending upon various factors, including but not limited to, tower location, amount of tenant equipment on the tower, ground space required by the tenant, and remaining tower capacity. Our tenant leases are typically non-cancellable and have annual rent escalations. Our primary costs typically include ground rent, property taxes and repairs and maintenance, which are primarily fixed, with annual cost escalations. In our international markets, a portion of our operating costs is passed through to our tenants, such as ground rent and fuel costs. The primary factors affecting the consistent incremental growth in our revenues and cash flows for our domestic and international rental and management segments are:

 

   

Recurring revenues from tenant leases generated from sites which existed in our portfolio as of the beginning of the prior year period (“legacy sites”);

 

   

Contractual rent escalations on existing tenant leases, net of cancellations;

 

   

New revenue generated from leasing additional space on our legacy sites; and

 

   

New revenue generated from new sites acquired or constructed since the beginning of the prior year period (“new sites”).

We continue to believe that our site leasing revenue is likely to increase due to the growing use of wireless communications services and our ability to meet that demand by adding new tenants and new equipment for existing tenants on our legacy sites, which increases the utilization and profitability of our sites. In addition, we believe the majority of our site leasing activity will continue to come from wireless broadband service providers. Our legacy site portfolio and our established tenant base provide us with new business opportunities, which have historically resulted in consistent and predictable revenue growth. In addition, we intend to continue to supplement the growth on our legacy sites by selectively developing or acquiring new sites in our existing and new markets where we can achieve our return on investment criteria.

As we continue to focus on growing our rental and management operations, we anticipate that our network development services revenue will continue to represent a small percentage of our total revenues. Through our network development services segment, we offer tower-related services, including site acquisition, zoning and permitting services and structural analysis services, which primarily support our site leasing business and the addition of new tenants and equipment on our sites.

Our continuing operations are reported in three segments, domestic rental and management, international rental and management and network development services. Management focuses on segment gross margin and segment operating profit as a means to measure operating performance in our business segments. We define segment gross margin as segment revenue less segment operating expenses excluding: depreciation, amortization and accretion; selling, general, administrative and development expense; and other operating expense. We define segment operating profit as segment gross margin less selling, general, administrative and development expense attributable to the segment, excluding stock-based compensation expense and corporate expenses. Segment gross margin and segment operating profit for the rental and management segments also include interest income, TV Azteca, net (see note 12 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein). These measures of segment gross margin and segment operating profit are also before interest income, interest expense, loss on retirement of long-term obligations, other income (expense), net income attributable to noncontrolling interest, income (loss) on equity method investments, income taxes and discontinued operations.

REIT Election.    As we review our tax strategy and assess the utilization of our federal and state NOLs, we are actively considering an election to a REIT for U.S. federal and, where applicable, state income tax purposes. We received a favorable private letter ruling from the Internal Revenue Service with respect to the application of certain significant REIT qualification tests to our assets and operations. Our actual qualification and taxation as a REIT will depend on our compliance on a continuing basis with these various qualification tests.

Based on our preliminary analysis, we estimate that the aggregate amount of our accumulated earnings and profits (“E&P”) for federal income tax purposes through December 31, 2011 will be no more than $200 million.

 

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This is only a preliminary estimate, and the actual amount and timing of a special distribution, if any, related to our accumulated E&P, will be determined by our Board of Directors. The determination to elect REIT status for the taxable year beginning January 1, 2012, may be made as early as the second half of 2011 and is subject to the approval of our Board of Directors. There is no certainty as to the timing of a REIT election or whether we will make a REIT election at all.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Included in our analysis of our results of operations are discussions regarding earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and accretion, as adjusted (“Adjusted EBITDA”). We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income before: income (loss) from discontinued operations, net; income from equity method investments; income tax provision (benefit); other income (expense); loss on retirement of long-term obligations; interest expense; interest income; other operating expenses; depreciation, amortization and accretion; and stock-based compensation expense.

Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to replace net income or any other performance measures determined in accordance with GAAP. Rather, Adjusted EBITDA is presented as we believe it is a useful indicator of our current operating performance. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is useful to an investor in evaluating our operating performance because it is the primary measure used by our management team when evaluating the performance of our operating segments, it is a component of the calculation used by our lenders to determine compliance with certain debt covenants and it is widely used in the tower industry to measure operating performance as depreciation, amortization and accretion may vary significantly among companies depending upon accounting methods and useful lives, particularly where acquisitions and non-operating factors are involved.

Our measurement of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies. A reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, has been included below.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 (in thousands)

Revenue

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
     Amount of
Increase
(Decrease)
     Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2011      2010        

Rental and management

           

Domestic

   $ 417,626       $ 370,017       $ 47,609         13 

International

     129,029        73,801        55,228        75  
                                   

Total rental and management

     546,655        443,818        102,837        23  

Network development services

     16,040        10,616        5,424        51  
                                   

Total revenues

   $ 562,695       $ 454,434       $ 108,261         24 

Total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 24% to $562.7 million. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in both of our rental and management segments, including organic revenue growth attributable to our legacy sites and revenue growth attributable to the approximately 9,900 new sites that we have constructed or acquired since January 1, 2010.

Domestic rental and management segment revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 13% to $417.6 million. This growth was comprised of:

 

   

Approximately 11% from organic revenue growth, which was due to the incremental revenue generated from adding new tenants to legacy sites, existing tenants adding more equipment to legacy

 

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sites, contractual rent escalations, and a positive impact from straight-line lease accounting due to extending thousands of leases with one of our major customers partially offset by tenant lease cancellations; and

 

   

Revenue growth from new sites of approximately 2%, which was a result of the construction or acquisition of approximately 1,000 new domestic sites since January 1, 2010.

International rental and management segment revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 75% to $129.0 million. This growth was comprised of:

 

   

Approximately 21% from organic revenue growth, which was due to the incremental revenue generated from adding new tenants to legacy sites, existing tenants adding more equipment to legacy sites, contractual rent escalations, a decrease in revenue reserves, the positive impact of foreign currency translation and the positive impact from straight-line lease accounting, and was partially offset by tenant lease cancellations; and

 

   

Revenue growth from new sites of approximately 54%, which was a result of the construction or acquisition of approximately 8,900 new international sites since January 1, 2010.

Network development services segment revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 51% to $16.0 million. The increase was primarily attributable to a favorable one-time item.

Gross Margin

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
     Amount of
Increase
(Decrease)
     Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2011      2010        

Rental and management

           

Domestic

   $ 334,444       $ 292,663       $ 41,781         14 

International

     87,851        54,230        33,621         62  
                                   

Total rental and management

     422,295        346,893        75,402        22  

Network development services

     8,571        4,571        4,000         88  
                                   

Total gross margin

   $ 430,866       $ 351,464       $ 79,402         23 

Total gross margin for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 23% to $430.9 million. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in both of our rental and management segments and our network development services segment.

Domestic rental and management segment gross margin for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 14% to $334.4 million. The growth was primarily attributable to the increase in revenue as described above, and was partially offset by an 8% increase in direct operating costs, of which 4% was attributable to expense increases on our legacy domestic sites and 4% was attributable to the incremental direct operating costs associated with the addition of approximately 1,000 new domestic sites since January 1, 2010.

International rental and management segment gross margin for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 62% to $87.9 million. The growth was primarily attributable to the increase in revenue as described above, and was partially offset by a 94% increase in direct operating costs, including pass-through expenses, of which 19% was attributable to expense increases on our legacy international sites, largely due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates and from an accrual adjustment made for straight-line ground lease accounting and 75% was attributable to the incremental costs associated with the addition of approximately 8,900 new international sites since January 1, 2010.

Network development services segment gross margin for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 88% to $8.6 million. The increase was primarily attributable to the nonrecurring increase in revenue described above.

 

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Selling, General, Administrative and Development Expense

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
     Amount
of Increase
(Decrease)
     Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2011      2010        

Rental and management

           

Domestic

   $ 18,179       $ 14,232       $ 3,947         28 

International

     17,461        8,943        8,518        95  
                                   

Total rental and management

     35,640        23,175        12,465        54  

Network development services

     1,663        1,619        44        3  

Other

     28,829        28,733        96         —     
                                   

Total selling, general, administrative and development expense

   $ 66,132       $ 53,527       $ 12,605         24

Total selling, general, administrative and development expense for the three months ended March 31, 2011, increased 24% to $66.1 million. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in both of our rental and management segments.

Domestic rental and management segment selling, general, administrative and development expense for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 28% to $18.2 million. The increase was primarily attributable to initiatives designed to drive growth and to support a growing portfolio, including increased staffing in field operations, sales and finance, information technology as well as costs associated with establishing a dedicated team to more actively pursue new product lines, such as shared generators and outdoor DAS networks.

International rental and management segment selling, general, administrative and development expense for the three months ended March 31, 2011, increased 95% to $17.5 million. The increase was primarily attributable to our increased international expansion initiatives in Chile, Colombia, Ghana, Peru and South Africa.

Network development services segment selling, general, administrative and development expense for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 3% to $1.7 million. The increase was primarily attributable to costs incurred to support our new tower development and our site acquisition, zoning and permitting services.

Operating Profit

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
     Amount of
Increase
(Decrease)
     Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2011      2010        

Rental and management

           

Domestic

   $ 316,265       $ 278,431       $ 37,834         14

International

     70,390        45,287        25,103        55  
                                   

Total rental and management

     386,655        323,718        62,937        19  

Network development services

     6,908        2,952        3,956        134  
                                   

Total operating profit

   $ 393,563       $ 326,670       $ 66,893         20

Total operating profit for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 20% to $393.6 million. The increase was primarily attributable to the increase in both our rental and management segments gross margin, and was partially offset by increases in overhead costs attributable to both of our rental and management segments.

Domestic rental and management segment operating profit for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 14% to $316.3 million. The growth was primarily attributable to the increase in our domestic rental and management segment gross margin (14%) as described above, and was partially offset by increases in our domestic rental and management segment overhead costs (28%), as described above.

 

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International rental and management segment operating profit for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 55% to $70.4 million. The growth was primarily attributable to the increase in our international rental and management segment gross margin (62%) as described above, and was partially offset by increases in our international rental and management segment overhead costs (95%), as described above.

Network development services segment operating profit for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 134% to $6.9 million. The growth was primarily attributable to the increase in gross margin as described above.

Depreciation, Amortization and Accretion

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
     Amount of
Increase
(Decrease)
     Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2011      2010        

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

   $ 131,231       $ 110,835       $ 20,396         18

Depreciation, amortization and accretion for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 18% to $131.2 million. The increase was primarily attributable to the depreciation, amortization and accretion associated with the acquisition or construction of approximately 9,500 sites since March 31, 2010, which resulted in an increase in property and equipment.

Other Operating Expenses

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
     Amount of
Increase
(Decrease)
     Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
 
         2011              2010            

Other operating expenses

   $ 11,704      $ 4,754      $ 6,950         146

Other operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 146% to $11.7 million. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase of approximately $5.2 million in acquisition related costs and an increase in consulting and legal costs associated with our evaluation of a potential election to a REIT.

Interest Expense

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
     Amount of
Increase
(Decrease)
     Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2011      2010        

Interest expense

   $ 74,427       $ 58,417       $ 16,010         27

Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 27% to $74.4 million. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in average debt outstanding, partially offset by a reduction in our annualized weighted average cost of borrowing from 5.58% to 5.41%.

Other Income

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
     Amount
of
Increase
(Decrease)
     Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
 
          2011              2010            

Other income

   $ 13,707       $ 396       $ 13,311         3,361

Other income for the three months ended March 31, 2011 was $13.7 million, as compared to other income of $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we recorded unrealized foreign currency gains associated primarily with intercompany notes and similar unaffiliated balances denominated in a currency other than the subsidiaries’ functional currencies of approximately $16.2 million, partially offset by other miscellaneous expenses of $2.5 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2010, we recorded unrealized foreign currency gains of approximately $1.8 million, partially offset by other miscellaneous expenses of $1.4 million.

 

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Income Tax Provision

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    Amount of
Increase
(Decrease)
     Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2011     2010       

Income tax provision

   $ 71,423      $ 28,389      $ 43,034         152

Effective tax rate

     43.7     22.7     

The income tax provision for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 152% to $71.4 million. The effective tax rate (“ETR”) for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased to 43.7% from 22.7%. The increase in ETR is primarily attributable to the impact of discrete items during the quarter. Discrete items resulted in an increase in the income tax provision of approximately $3.0 million and ETR of 1.8% during the three months ended March 31, 2011, compared to a decrease in the income tax provision of approximately $23.3 million and ETR of 18.7% during the three months ended March 31, 2010. The discrete items during the three months ended March 31, 2010 primarily related to a reduction in accrued income taxes from the implementation of restructuring activities in Latin America.

The effective tax rates on income from continuing operations for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 differ from the federal statutory rate due primarily to adjustments for foreign items, non-deductible stock-based compensation expense, tax reserves and state taxes.

Net Income/Adjusted EBITDA

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    Amount of
Increase
(Decrease)
    Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2011     2010      

Net income

   $ 91,961      $ 96,483      $ (4,522     (5 )%

Income from discontinued operations, net

     —          (35     (35 )     (100
                                

Income from continuing operations

     91,961       96,448       (4,487 )     (5 )

Income from equity method investments

     (1     (8     (7     (88 )

Income tax provision

     71,423       28,389       43,034       152  

Other income

     (13,707     (396     13,311        3,361  

Interest expense

     74,427       58,417       16,010       27  

Interest income

     (2,304     (502     1,802        359  

Other operating expenses

     11,704       4,754       6,950       146  

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

     131,231       110,835       20,396       18  

Stock-based compensation expense

     12,358        13,565       (1,207     (9
                                

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 377,092      $ 311,502      $ 65,590        21  % 

Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2011 decreased 5% to $92.0 million. The decrease was primarily attributable to an increase in operating profit, as described above, offset by an increase in depreciation, amortization and accretion and an increase in income tax provision.

Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased 21% to $377.1 million. Adjusted EBITDA growth was primarily attributable to the increase in our gross margin (23%) and was partially offset by an increase in selling, general, administrative and development expenses, excluding stock-based compensation expense (24%).

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The information in this section updates as of March 31, 2011 the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 and should be read in conjunction with that report.

 

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Overview

As a holding company, our cash flows are derived primarily from the operations of, and distributions from, our operating subsidiaries or funds raised through borrowings under our credit facilities and debt and equity offerings. As of March 31, 2011, we had approximately $1,404.9 million of total liquidity, comprised of approximately $362.8 million in cash and cash equivalents and the ability to borrow approximately $1,042.1 million under our $1.25 billion senior unsecured revolving credit facility (“Revolving Credit Facility”). Summary cash flow information for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 is set forth below (in thousands).

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2011     2010  

Net cash provided by (used for):

    

Operating activities

   $ 283,816      $ 253,649  

Investing activities

     (674,530     (150,680

Financing activities

     (137,526     2,650  

Net effect of changes in exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents

     7,100        (25
                

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

   $ (521,140   $ 105,594  
                

We use our cash flows to fund our operations and investments in our business, including tower maintenance and improvements, tower construction, DAS network installations, and tower and land acquisitions. We also use our cash flows to fund refinancings and repurchases of our outstanding indebtedness, as well as our stock repurchase programs.

As of March 31, 2011, we had total outstanding indebtedness of approximately $5.6 billion. During the three months ended March 31, 2011 and the year ended December 31, 2010, we generated sufficient cash flow from operations to fund our capital expenditures and cash interest obligations. We believe the cash generated by operations during the next 12 months will be sufficient to fund our capital expenditures and our cash debt service (interest and principal repayments) obligations for the next 12 months.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

For the three months ended March 31, 2011, cash provided by operating activities was $283.8 million, an increase of $30.2 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010. This increase was primarily attributable to an increase of $66.9 million in the operating profit of our operating segments, partially offset by an increase in the amount spent to meet working capital needs.

Our domestic and international rental and management segments and network development services segment are expected to generate cash flows from operations during 2011 in excess of their cash needs for operations and expenditures for tower construction and improvements.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

For the three months ended March 31, 2011, cash used for investing activities was $674.5 million, an increase of $523.9 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010. This increase was primarily attributable to increased spending for acquisitions during the three months ended March 31, 2011.

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, payments for purchases of property and equipment and construction activities totaled $97.9 million, including $56.8 million of capital expenditures for discretionary capital projects, such as completion of the construction of approximately 230 towers, the installation of 10 in-building DAS networks and the installation of shared back-up power generators, $20.5 million to acquire land under our towers that was subject to ground agreements (including leases), $12.8 million for capital

 

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improvements and corporate capital expenditures and $7.7 million related to redevelopment of our existing communications sites to accommodate new tenant equipment. In addition, during the three months ended March 31, 2011, we spent $617.3 million to acquire 1,884 additional communications sites in the United States, Chile, Brazil, Colombia and South Africa.

We plan to continue to allocate our available capital among investment alternatives that meet our return on investment criteria. Accordingly, we may continue to acquire communications sites, acquire land under our towers, build or install new communications sites and redevelop or improve existing communications sites when the expected returns on such investments meet our return on investment criteria. We expect that our 2011 total capital expenditures will be between approximately $400 million and $450 million, including between $65 million and $75 million for capital improvements and corporate expenditures, approximately $55 million for the redevelopment of existing communications sites, between $80 million and $100 million for ground lease purchases, and between $200 million and $220 million for other discretionary capital projects including the construction of approximately 1,200 to 1,500 new communications sites. In addition, we expect that we will spend approximately $264 million during the remainder of 2011 to acquire up to 2,071 towers and 64 exclusive use rights for towers internationally.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

For the three months ended March 31, 2011, cash used for financing activities was $137.5 million, as compared to cash provided by financing activities of $2.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010. The $137.5 million of cash used for financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2011 primarily related to payments for the repurchase of our Class A common stock (“Common Stock”) of $127.7 million, which consisted of $117.4 million ($122.7 million, including commissions and fees, and an increase in accrued treasury stock of $5.3 million) of repurchases under our stock repurchase program and $10.3 million of amounts surrendered for the satisfaction of employee tax obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted stock units and the repayment of notes payable, credit facilities, and capital leases of $126.7 million, partially offset by proceeds from short-term borrowings of $101.1 million.

Revolving Credit Facility.    As of March 31, 2011, we had $175.0 million outstanding and the ability to borrow approximately $1,042.1 million under the Revolving Credit Facility. In April 2011, we borrowed $100.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility and $30.0 million of undrawn letters of credit were cancelled. We continue to maintain the ability to draw down and repay amounts under the Revolving Credit Facility in the ordinary course.

The borrower under the Revolving Credit Facility is American Tower Corporation. The Revolving Credit Facility has a term of five years and matures on June 8, 2012. Any outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest will be due and payable in full at maturity. The Revolving Credit Facility does not require amortization of principal and may be paid prior to maturity in whole or in part at our option without penalty or premium. The Revolving Credit Facility allows us to use borrowings for our and our subsidiaries’ working capital needs and other general corporate purposes (including, without limitation, to refinance or repurchase other indebtedness and, provided certain conditions are met, to repurchase our equity securities, in each case without additional lender approval).

Supplemental Credit Facility.    On April 8, 2011, we entered into a new unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Supplemental Credit Facility”) that allows us to borrow $860.0 million and, subject to receiving additional commitments, up to $1.0 billion.

The borrower under the Supplemental Credit Facility is American Tower Corporation. The Supplemental Credit Facility has a term of five years and matures on April 8, 2016. Any outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest will be due and payable in full at maturity. The Supplemental Credit Facility does not require amortization of principal and may be paid prior to maturity in whole or in part at our option without penalty or premium. The Supplemental Credit Facility allows us to use borrowings for our and our subsidiaries’ working

 

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capital needs and other general corporate purposes (including without limitation, to refinance or repurchase other indebtedness and, provided certain conditions are met, to repurchase our equity securities, in each case without additional lender approval).

Term Loan.    On March 24, 2008, we entered into a $325.0 million term loan (“Term Loan”) pursuant to the Revolving Credit Facility. The Term Loan is governed by the terms of the loan agreement for the Revolving Credit Facility. Consistent with the terms of the Revolving Credit Facility, the borrower under the Term Loan is American Tower Corporation, and the maturity date for the Term Loan is June 8, 2012. Any outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest will be due and payable in full at maturity. The Term Loan does not require amortization of principal and may be paid prior to maturity in whole or in part at our option without penalty or premium.

Colombian Short-Term Credit Facility.    In connection with the purchase of the exclusive rights for towers from Colombia Telecomunicaciones S.A. E.S.P (“Coltel”), we entered into a 72.8 billion Colombian Peso-denominated revolving credit facility on September 3, 2010. On November 24, 2010, we increased the revolving credit facility by 66.3 billion Colombian Pesos. As of March 31, 2011, we had 139.1 billion Colombian Pesos (approximately $74.3 million) outstanding under this credit facility, which is due May 26, 2011.

South African Bridge Loan.    In connection with the acquisition of 959 communications sites from Cell C (Pty) Limited (“Cell C”), we entered into a 695.4 million South African Rand-denominated bridge loan (“Bridge Loan”) on March 2, 2011. As of March 31, 2011, 695.4 million South African Rand (approximately $102.7 million) was outstanding under the Bridge Loan. The Bridge Loan matures on September 30, 2011.

Stock Repurchase Programs.    During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we continued to repurchase shares of our Common Stock pursuant to our publicly announced stock repurchase program, as described below.

In February 2008, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program for the repurchase of up to $1.5 billion of our Common Stock (“2008 Buyback”). During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we repurchased 2.4 million shares of our Common Stock for an aggregate of $122.7 million, including commissions and fees, pursuant to the 2008 Buyback. Between April 1, 2011 and April 22, 2011, we repurchased an additional 0.5 million shares of our Common Stock for an aggregate of $24.3 million, including commissions and fees. As of April 22, 2011, we had repurchased a total of 32.7 million shares of our Common Stock for an aggregate of $1.3 billion, including commissions and fees, pursuant to our 2008 Buyback.

In March 2011, our Board of Directors approved a new stock repurchase program, pursuant to which we are authorized to purchase up to an additional $1.5 billion of Common Stock.

Under each program, we are authorized to purchase shares from time to time through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions at prevailing prices in accordance with securities laws and other legal requirements, and subject to market conditions and other factors. To facilitate repurchases, we plan to make purchases pursuant to trading plans under Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), which allow us to repurchase shares during periods when we otherwise might be prevented from doing so under insider trading laws or because of self-imposed trading blackout periods.

In the near term, we expect to fund any further repurchases of our Common Stock through a combination of cash on hand, cash generated by operations and borrowings under our credit facilities. Purchases under each program are subject to us having available cash to fund repurchases.

 

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Sales of Equity Securities.    We receive proceeds from sales of our equity securities pursuant to our employee stock purchase plan, upon the exercise of stock options granted under our equity incentive plans and upon the exercise of warrants to purchase our equity securities. For the three months ended March 31, 2011, we received an aggregate of approximately $10.2 million in proceeds upon exercises of stock options.

Contractual Obligations.    Our contractual obligations relate primarily to the Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, Series 2007-1 issued in our May 2007 securitization transaction (the “Securitization”), borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan and our outstanding notes.

The following table summarizes our borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan, and the balance outstanding under our notes and the certificates issued in the Securitization and certain other debt, as of March 31, 2011 (in thousands):

 

Indebtedness

   Balance Outstanding     

Maturity Date

 

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, Series 2007-1

   $ 1,750,000        April 15, 2014 (1) 

Revolving Credit Facility

     175,000        June 8, 2012   

Term Loan

     325,000        June 8, 2012   

4.50% senior notes

     999,240         January 15, 2018   

5.05% senior notes

     699,204        September 1, 2020   

4.625% senior notes

     599,381        April 1, 2015   

7.00% senior notes

     500,000        October 15, 2017   

7.25% senior notes

     295,519        May 15, 2019   

South African Bridge Loan (2)

     102,655         September 30, 2011   

Colombian Short-Term Credit Facility (3)

     74,319        May 26, 2011   

Other debt, including capital leases

     45,515     
           

Total

   $ 5,565,833     
           

 

(1) Anticipated repayment date; final legal maturity date is April 2037.
(2) The South African Bridge Loan is denominated in South African Rand and was entered into in connection with the acquisition of towers from Cell C.
(3) The Colombian Short-Term Credit Facility is denominated in Colombian Pesos and was entered into in connection with the purchase of the exclusive use rights for towers from Coltel.

A description of our contractual debt obligations is set forth under the caption “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” in Part I, Item 3 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We classify uncertain tax positions as non-current income tax liabilities. We expect the unrecognized tax benefits to change over the next 12 months if certain tax matters ultimately settle with the applicable taxing jurisdiction during this timeframe. However, based on the status of these items and the amount of uncertainty associated with the outcome and timing of audit settlements, we are currently unable to estimate the impact of the amount of such changes, if any, to previously recorded uncertain tax positions and have classified approximately $44.3 million as other long-term liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2011. We also classified approximately $25.8 million of accrued income tax related interest and penalties as other long-term liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2011.

Factors Affecting Sources of Liquidity

As discussed in the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, our liquidity is dependent on our ability to generate cash flow from operating activities, borrow funds under our Revolving Credit Facility and maintain compliance with the contractual agreements governing our indebtedness. As discussed below, the loan agreements relating to the Securitization and to our Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan contain certain financial ratios and operating covenants and

 

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other restrictions that could impact our liquidity. We believe that the foregoing debt agreements and indentures represent those of our material debt agreements that incorporate covenants, the compliance with which would be material to an investor’s understanding of our financial results and the impact of those results on our liquidity.

Restrictions Under Loan Agreement Relating to Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan.    The loan agreement for the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan contains certain financial ratios and operating covenants and other restrictions applicable to us and all of our subsidiaries designated as restricted subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. These include limitations on additional debt, distributions and dividends, guaranties, sales of assets and liens. The loan agreement also contains covenants that establish three financial tests with which we and our restricted subsidiaries must comply related to total leverage, senior secured leverage and interest coverage, as set forth below. As of March 31, 2011, we were in compliance with each of these covenants.

 

   

Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio: This ratio requires that we not exceed a ratio of Total Debt to Adjusted EBITDA (as defined in the loan agreement) of 6.00 to 1.00. Based on our financial performance for the 12 months ended March 31, 2011, we could incur approximately $2.55 billion of additional indebtedness and still remain in compliance with this ratio. In addition, if we maintain our existing debt levels and our expenses do not change materially from current levels, our revenues could decrease by approximately $426 million and we would still remain in compliance with this ratio.

 

   

Consolidated Senior Secured Leverage Ratio: This ratio requires that we not exceed a ratio of Senior Secured Debt to Adjusted EBITDA of 3.00 to 1.00. Based on our financial performance for the 12 months ended March 31, 2011, we could incur approximately $2.29 billion of additional Senior Secured Debt and still remain in compliance with this ratio. In addition, if we maintain our existing Senior Secured Debt levels and our expenses do not change materially from current levels, our revenues could decrease by approximately $763 million and we would still remain in compliance with this ratio.

 

   

Interest Coverage Ratio: This ratio requires that we maintain a ratio of Adjusted EBITDA to Interest Expense of not less than 2.50 to 1.00. Based on our financial performance for the 12 months ended March 31, 2011, our interest expense, which was $253 million for that period, could increase by approximately $290 million and we would still remain in compliance with this ratio. In addition, if our interest expense does not change materially from current levels, our revenues could decrease by approximately $724 million and we would still remain in compliance with this ratio.

The loan agreement also contains reporting and information covenants that require us to provide financial and operating information within certain time periods. If we are unable to provide the required information on a timely basis, we would be in breach of these covenants.

Any failure to comply with the financial maintenance tests and operating covenants of the loan agreement for the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan would not only prevent us from being able to borrow additional funds under the facility, but would constitute a default, which could result in, among other things, the amounts outstanding, including all accrued interest and unpaid fees, becoming immediately due and payable. If this were to occur, we would not have sufficient cash on hand to repay such indebtedness. The key factors affecting our ability to comply with the debt covenants described above are our financial performance relative to the financial maintenance tests defined in the loan agreement for the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan and our ability to fund our debt service obligations. Based upon our current expectations, we believe our operating results during the next twelve months will be sufficient to comply with these covenants.

Restrictions Under Loan Agreement Relating to Securitization Transaction.    The loan agreement for the Securitization involves assets related to 5,295 broadcast and wireless communications towers owned by two special purpose subsidiaries of the Company (the “Borrowers”), through a private offering of $1.75 billion of Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, Series 2007-1 (the “Certificates”). The Securitization loan

 

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agreement includes certain financial ratios and operating covenants and other restrictions customary for loans subject to rated securitizations. Among other things, the Borrowers are prohibited from incurring other indebtedness for borrowed money or further encumbering their assets. The Borrowers’ organizational documents contain provisions consistent with rating agency securitization criteria for special purpose entities, including the requirement that the Borrowers maintain at least two independent directors. The Securitization loan agreement also contains certain covenants that require the Borrowers to provide the trustee with regular financial reports and operating budgets, promptly notify the trustee of events of default and material breaches under the Securitization loan agreement and other agreements related to the towers subject to the Securitization, and allow the trustee reasonable access to the towers, including the right to conduct site investigations.

Under the terms of the Securitization loan agreement, the loan will be paid solely from the cash flows generated by the towers subject to the Securitization, which must be deposited, and thereafter distributed, solely pursuant to the terms of the Securitization loan. The Borrowers are required to make monthly payments of interest on the Securitization loan. On a monthly basis, all cash flow in excess of amounts required to make debt service payments, to fund required reserves, to pay management fees and budgeted operating expenses and to make other payments required under the Securitization loan, referred to as excess cash flow, is to be released to the Borrowers for distribution to us. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Borrowers distributed excess cash to us of approximately $122.0 million.

In order to distribute this excess cash flow to us, the Borrowers must maintain several specified ratios with respect to their debt service coverage (“DSCR”). For this purpose, DSCR is tested as of the last day of each calendar quarter and is generally defined as four times the Borrowers’ net cash flow for that quarter divided by the amount of interest, servicing fees and trustee fees that the Borrowers must pay over the succeeding 12 months on the Securitization loan. Pursuant to one such test, if the DSCR as of the end of any calendar quarter were:

 

   

1.30x or less, during the five-year period commencing on the closing date of the Securitization in May 2007, or

 

   

1.75x or less, thereafter, (1.30x or 1.75x as applicable, the “Cash Trap DSCR”),

then all excess cash flow would be placed in a reserve account and would not be released to the Borrowers for distribution to us until the DSCR exceeded the Cash Trap DSCR for two consecutive calendar quarters.

Additionally, while principal payments generally are not due with respect to any component of the Securitization loan until April 2014, excess cash flow would be applied to principal during an “Amortization Period” under the Securitization loan until April 2014. An “Amortization Period” would commence under the Securitization loan if the DSCR as of the end of any calendar quarter fell below:

 

   

1.15x, during the five-year period commencing on the closing date of the Securitization in May 2007, or

 

   

1.45x thereafter (1.15x or 1.45x as applicable, the “Minimum DSCR”).

In such a case, all excess cash flow and any amounts then in the reserve account because the Cash Trap DSCR was not met would be applied to pay principal of the Securitization loan on each monthly payment date until the DSCR exceeded the Minimum DSCR for two consecutive calendar quarters, and so would not be available for distribution to us.

Consequently, a failure to comply with the covenants in the Securitization loan agreement could prevent the Borrowers from taking certain actions with respect to the towers. Additionally, a failure to meet the noted DSCR tests could prevent the Borrowers from distributing excess cash flow to us, which could affect our ability to fund our discretionary expenditures, including tower construction and acquisitions, and our stock repurchase programs. In addition, if the Borrowers were to default on the loan related to the Securitization, the trustee could seek to foreclose upon or otherwise convert the ownership of the towers subject to the Securitization, in which case we could lose the towers and the revenue associated with the towers.

 

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As of March 31, 2011, the Borrowers’ DSCR was 3.54x. Based on the Borrowers’ net cash flow for the calendar quarter ended March 31, 2011 and the amount of interest, servicing fees and trustee fees payable over the succeeding 12 months on the Securitization loan, the Borrowers could endure a reduction of approximately $221.4 million in net cash flow before triggering a Cash Trap DSCR, and approximately $236.2 million in net cash flow before triggering an Amortization Period.

As discussed above, we use our available liquidity and seek new sources of liquidity to refinance and repurchase our outstanding indebtedness. In addition, in order to fund future growth and expansion initiatives and fund our stock repurchase program, we may need to raise additional capital through financing activities. If we determine that it is desirable or necessary to raise additional capital, we may be unable to do so, or such additional financing may be prohibitively expensive or restricted by the terms of our outstanding indebtedness. If we are unable to raise capital when our needs arise, we may not be able to fund future growth and expansion initiatives, refinance our existing indebtedness or fund our stock repurchase programs.

In addition, our liquidity depends on our ability to generate cash flow from operating activities. As set forth under the caption “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we derive a substantial portion of our revenues from a small number of customers and, consequently, a failure by a significant customer to perform its contractual obligations to us could adversely affect our cash flow and liquidity.

For more information regarding the terms of our outstanding indebtedness, please see note 6 to our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, as well as related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. We evaluate our policies and estimates on an ongoing basis, including those related to impairment of assets, asset retirement obligations, accounting for acquisitions, revenue recognition, rent expense, stock-based compensation, and income taxes, which we discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and other various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

We have reviewed our policies and estimates to determine our critical accounting policies for the three months ended March 31, 2011. We have made no material changes to the critical accounting policies described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In October 2009, the FASB issued new guidance which establishes accounting and reporting guidance for arrangements including multiple revenue-generating activities. This guidance requires companies to allocate the overall consideration to each deliverable under the arrangement using the estimated selling prices in the absence of vendor specific objective evidence or third-party evidence of selling price for deliverables. This guidance was effective for any contracts entered into, or materially modified by us as of January 1, 2011 and did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated results of operations or financial position.

 

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The following tables provide information as of March 31, 2011 about our market risk exposure associated with changing interest rates. For long-term debt obligations, the table presents principal cash flows by maturity date and average interest rates related to outstanding obligations.

As of March 31, 2011

Principal Payments and Interest Rate Detail by Contractual Maturity Dates

(In thousands, except percentages)

 

Long-Term Debt

  2011     2012     2013     2014     2015     Thereafter     Total     Fair Value  

Fixed Rate Debt (a)

  $ 178,105      $ 1,056      $ 604      $ 1,750,463      $ 600,477      $ 2,541,784      $ 5,072,489      $ 5,241,480   

Average Interest Rate (a)

    6.56     5.48     7.53     5.61     4.63     5.54    

Variable Rate Debt (a)

    $ 500,000              $ 500,000      $ 495,000   

 

(a) As of March 31, 2011, variable rate debt consisted of our Revolving Credit Facility ($175.0 million drawn) and Term Loan ($325.0 million) included above based on the June 8, 2012 maturity date. As of March 31, 2011, fixed rate debt consisted of: the Certificates issued in the Securitization ($1.75 billion); the 7.25% senior notes due 2019 ($300.0 million principal amount due at maturity, the balance as of March 31, 2011 was $295.5 million); the 7.00% senior notes due 2017 ($500.0 million); the 4.625% senior notes due 2015 ($600.0 million principal amount due at maturity, the balance as of March 31, 2011 was $599.4 million); the 5.05% senior notes due 2020 ($700.0 million principal amount due at maturity, the balance as of March 31, 2011 was $699.2 million); the 4.50% Notes due 2018 ($1.0 billion principle amount due at maturity, the balance as of March 31, 2011 was $999.2 million); and other debt of $222.5 million (including the Colombian Short-Term Credit Facility and the South African Bridge Loan). Interest on the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan is payable in accordance with the applicable London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) agreement or quarterly and accrues at our option either at LIBOR plus margin (as defined) or the base rate plus margin (as defined). The weighted average interest rate in effect at March 31, 2011 for the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan was 0.96%. For the three months ended March 31, 2011, the weighted average interest rate under the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan was 2.78%.

Changes in interest rates can cause interest charges to fluctuate on our variable rate debt. Variable rate debt as of March 31, 2011, was comprised of $175.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility and $325.0 million under the Term Loan. A 10% increase, or approximately 10 basis points, in current interest rates would have caused an additional pre-tax charge to our net income and an immaterial increase in our cash outflows for the three months ended March 31, 2011.

We are exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates primarily in connection with our foreign subsidiaries in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, India, Mexico, Peru and South Africa. Any transaction denominated in a currency other than the U.S. Dollar is reported in U.S. Dollars at the applicable exchange rate. All assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. Dollars at exchange rates in effect at the end of the applicable fiscal reporting period and all revenues and expenses are translated at average rates for the period. The cumulative translation effect is included in stockholders’ equity and as a component of comprehensive income.

For the three months ended March 31, 2011, approximately 23% of our revenues and approximately 30% of our operating expenses were denominated in foreign currencies, as compared to 16% and 21%, respectively, during the same period in 2010.

We have performed a sensitivity analysis assuming a hypothetical 10% adverse movement in foreign currency exchange rates from the quoted foreign currency exchange rates at March 31, 2011 used to translate our financial results to U.S. Dollars. As of March 31, 2011, the analysis indicated that such an adverse movement would cause our revenues, operating results and cash flows to fluctuate by less than 3%.

 

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As of March 31, 2011, we have a substantial amount of additional intercompany debt and similar unaffiliated balances that are denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the subsidiary in which it is recorded. As this debt has not been designated as being of long-term investment in nature, any changes in the foreign currency exchange rates will result in unrealized gains and losses, which will be included in our determination of net income. An adverse change of 10% in the underlying exchange rates of our unsettled intercompany debt and similar unaffiliated balances entered into in 2011 would result in approximately $53.0 million of unrealized losses that would be included in other income in our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2011.

 

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We have established disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to us, including our consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to the officers who certify our financial reports and to other members of senior management and the Board of Directors.

Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures are effective and designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the requisite time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms, and that it is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2011 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

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PART II.    OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

On June 3, 2010, Horse-Shoe Capital (“Horse-Shoe”), a company formed under the laws of the Republic of Mauritius, filed a complaint in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County, with respect to Horse-Shoe’s sale of XCEL Telecom Private Limited (“XCEL”) to American Tower Mauritius (“AT Mauritius”), our wholly-owned subsidiary formed under the laws of the Republic of Mauritius. The complaint names AT Mauritius, ATI and us as defendants, and the dispute concerns the timing and amount of distributions to be made by AT Mauritius to Horse-Shoe from a $7.5 million holdback escrow account and a $15.7 million tax escrow account, each established by the transaction agreements at the closing of the transaction. The complaint seeks release of the entire holdback escrow account, plus an additional $2.8 million, as well as the release of approximately $12.0 million of the tax escrow account. The complaint also seeks punitive damages in excess of $69.0 million. We filed an answer to the complaint in August 2010, disputing both the amounts alleged to be owed under the escrow agreements as well as the timing of the escrow distributions. We also asserted in our answer that the demand for punitive damages is meritless. The parties filed cross-motions for summary judgment concerning the release of the tax escrow account and in January 2011, the court granted our motion for summary judgment, finding no obligation for us to release the disputed portion of the tax escrow until 2013. Other claims remain pending. In March 2011, Horse-Shoe filed a motion for summary judgment seeking disbursement of $5.3 million of the holdback escrow account that it claims is undisputed. We have opposed the motion and are vigorously defending the lawsuit.

We periodically become involved in various claims and lawsuits that are incidental to our business. In our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, we reported our material legal proceedings. Since the filing of our Annual Report, other than the legal proceedings discussed above, there have been no material developments with respect to any material legal proceedings to which we are a party. In the opinion of management, after consultation with counsel, other than the legal proceedings discussed above and in note 10 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein, there are no matters currently pending that would, in the event of an adverse outcome, have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Decrease in demand for our communications sites would materially and adversely affect our operating results and we cannot control that demand.

Many of the factors affecting the demand for our communications sites, and to a lesser extent our network development services, could materially and adversely affect our operating results. Those factors include:

 

   

a decrease in consumer demand for wireless services due to general economic conditions or other factors;

 

   

the financial condition of wireless service providers;

 

   

the ability and willingness of wireless service providers to maintain or increase capital expenditures on network infrastructure;

 

   

the growth rate of wireless communications or of a particular wireless segment;

 

   

governmental licensing of spectrum;

 

   

mergers or consolidations among wireless service providers;

 

   

increased use of network sharing, roaming or resale arrangements by wireless service providers;

 

   

delays or changes in the deployment of next generation wireless technologies;

 

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zoning, environmental, health or other government regulations or changes in the application and enforcement thereof; and

 

   

technological changes.

Any downturn in the economy or disruption in the financial and credit markets could impact consumer demand for wireless services. If wireless service subscribers significantly reduce their minutes of use, or fail to widely adopt and use wireless data applications, our wireless service provider tenants could experience a decrease in demand for their services. As a result, they may scale back their business plans or otherwise reduce their spending, which could materially and adversely affect leasing demand for our communications sites and our network development services business, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Furthermore, the demand for broadcast space in the United States and Mexico depends on the needs of television and radio broadcasters. Among other things, technological advances, including the development of satellite-delivered radio and video services, may reduce the need for tower-based broadcast transmission. In addition, any significant increase in attrition rate or decrease in overall demand for broadcast space could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

If our tenants consolidate or merge with each other to a significant degree, our growth, revenue and ability to generate positive cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.

Significant consolidation among our tenants may result in the decommissioning of certain existing communications sites, because certain portions of these tenants’ networks may be redundant. For example, in connection with the proposed combination of AT&T Inc. and T-Mobile USA and the combinations of Verizon Wireless and ALLTEL (to form Verizon Wireless), Cingular and AT&T Wireless (to form AT&T Mobility) and Sprint PCS and Nextel (to form Sprint Nextel) in the United States, and of Iusacell Celular and Unefon (now under the common ownership of Grupo Iusacell) in Mexico, the combined companies either rationalized or have announced plans to rationalize duplicative parts of their networks, which may result in the decommissioning of certain equipment on our communications sites. We would expect a similar outcome in India if the anticipated consolidation of certain tenants occurs. In addition, certain combined companies have undergone or are currently undergoing a modernization of their networks, and these and other tenants could determine not to renew leases with us as a result. Our future results may be negatively impacted if a significant number of these leases are terminated, and our ongoing contractual revenues would be reduced as a result. Similar consequences might occur if wireless service providers engage in extensive sharing, roaming or resale arrangements as an alternative to leasing on our communications sites.

New technologies or changes in a tenant’s business model could make our tower leasing business less desirable and result in decreasing revenues.

The development and implementation of new technologies designed to enhance the efficiency of wireless networks or changes in a tenant’s business model could reduce the need for tower-based wireless services, have the effect of decreasing demand for tower space, or reduce obtainable lease rates. Examples of such technologies include spectrally efficient air access technologies which potentially can relieve some network capacity problems and could reduce the demand for tower-based antenna space. Additionally, certain complementary network technologies, such as femtocells, could offload a portion of network traffic away from the traditional tower-based networks, which would reduce the need for carriers to add more equipment at certain communications sites. Moreover, the emergence of alternative technologies could reduce the need for tower-based broadcast services transmission and reception. For example, the growth in delivery of wireless communication, radio and video services by direct broadcast satellites could materially and adversely affect demand for our antenna space. The development and implementation of any of these and similar technologies to any significant degree or changes in a tenant’s business model could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

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Our expansion initiatives may disrupt our operations or expose us to additional risk if we are not able to successfully integrate operations, assets and personnel.

As we continue to acquire communications sites in our existing markets and expand into new markets, we are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including not meeting our return on investment criteria and financial objectives, increased costs, assumed liabilities and the diversion of managerial attention due to acquisitions. Achieving the benefits of acquisitions depends in part on integrating operations, communications tower portfolios and personnel in a timely and efficient manner. Integration may be difficult and unpredictable for many reasons, including, among other things, differing systems and processes, potential cultural differences, and conflicting policies, procedures and operations. In addition, the integration of businesses may significantly burden management and our internal resources.

Furthermore, our international expansion initiatives are subject to additional risks such as complex laws, regulations and business practices that may require additional resources and personnel, as well as those risks described below in “—Our foreign operations are subject to economic, political and other risks that could materially and adversely affect our revenues or financial position, including risks associated with fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.” Although we generally focus our international efforts in countries with relatively stable political and macroeconomic environments, we are subject to several factors outside our control, and our expansion initiatives may not succeed and may materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

We could suffer adverse tax or other financial consequences if taxing authorities do not agree with our tax positions.

We are periodically subject to a number of tax examinations by taxing authorities in the states and countries where we do business, and we expect that we will continue to be subject to tax examinations in the future. In addition, U.S. federal, state and local, as well as international, tax laws and regulations are extremely complex and subject to varying interpretations. We recognize tax benefits of uncertain tax positions when we believe the positions are more likely than not of being sustained upon a challenge by the relevant tax authority. We believe our judgments in this area are reasonable and correct, but there is no guarantee that our tax positions will not be challenged by relevant tax authorities or that we would be successful in any such challenge. If there are tax benefits that are challenged successfully by a taxing authority, we may be required to pay additional taxes or we may seek to enter into settlements with the taxing authorities, which could require significant payments or otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

If we are unable to utilize our net operating losses, we may be required to make significant payments or adjustments.

We have significant deferred tax assets related to our net operating losses (“NOLs”) in U.S. federal and state taxing jurisdictions. Generally, for U.S. federal and state tax purposes, NOLs can be carried forward and used for up to twenty years, and the tax years will remain subject to examination until three years after the applicable NOLs are used or expire. We may be limited in our ability to utilize NOLs obtained through acquisitions.

To the extent we believe that a NOL is not more likely than not to be utilized, we establish a valuation allowance against the deferred tax asset related to the NOL. Our ability to utilize our NOLs is dependent upon us having sufficient future earnings to utilize our NOLs before they expire. If market conditions change materially and we determine that we will be unable to generate sufficient taxable income in the future to utilize our NOLs, we could be required to record an additional valuation allowance. We review our valuation allowances for our NOLs periodically and make adjustments as needed, which can result in an increase or decrease to the net deferred tax asset related to our NOLs. Our NOLs are also subject to review and potential disallowance upon audit by the taxing authorities of the jurisdictions where the NOLs were incurred, and future changes in tax laws or interpretations of such tax laws could materially limit our ability to utilize our NOLs. If we are unable to use

 

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our NOLs or the use of our NOLs is limited, we may have to make significant payments or otherwise record charges or reduce our deferred tax assets, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

As we review our tax strategy and assess the utilization of our federal and state NOLs, we are actively considering an election to a REIT for U.S. federal and, where applicable, state income tax purposes. We may make the determination to elect REIT status for the taxable year beginning January 1, 2012, as early as the second half of 2011, subject to the approval of our Board of Directors, although there is no certainty as to the timing of a REIT election or whether we will make a REIT election at all. If we elect REIT status and we fail to qualify as a REIT for any tax year after such election is effective (and certain relief provisions are not available to us), or we choose not to do so or revoke or otherwise terminate such election, we would be taxed as a regular corporation and may be subject to a higher cash tax burden, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Due to the long-term expectations of revenue growth from tenant leases, we are sensitive to changes in the creditworthiness and financial strength of our tenants.

Due to the long-term nature of our tenant leases, we, like others in the tower industry, depend on the continued financial strength of our tenants. Many wireless service providers operate with substantial leverage. In the past, we have had tenants that have filed for bankruptcy, although to date these bankruptcies have not had a material adverse effect on our business or revenues. In addition, many of our tenants and potential tenants rely on capital raising activities to fund their operations and capital expenditures, and the downturn in the economy and the disruptions in the financial and credit markets have periodically made it more difficult and more expensive to raise capital. If our tenants or potential tenants are unable to raise adequate capital to fund their business plans, they may reduce their spending, which could materially and adversely affect demand for our communications sites and our network development services business. If, as a result of a prolonged economic downturn or otherwise, one or more of our significant tenants experienced financial difficulties or filed for bankruptcy, it could result in uncollectable accounts receivable and an impairment on our deferred rent asset, tower asset, network location intangible asset, customer relationship intangible asset or customer base intangible asset. In addition, it could result in the loss of significant tenants and all or a portion of our anticipated lease revenues from certain tenants, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our foreign operations are subject to economic, political and other risks that could materially and adversely affect our revenues or financial position, including risks associated with fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

Our international business operations and our expansion into new markets in the future could result in adverse financial consequences and operational problems not typically experienced in the United States. For the three months ended March 31, 2011, approximately 23% of our consolidated revenue was generated by our international operations. We anticipate that our revenues from our international operations will grow in the future. Accordingly, our business is subject to risks associated with doing business internationally, including:

 

   

changes in a specific country’s or region’s political or economic conditions;

 

   

laws and regulations that tax or otherwise restrict repatriation of earnings or other funds or otherwise limit distributions of capital;

 

   

changes to existing or new tax laws directed specifically at the ownership and operation of communications sites, or our international acquisitions, which may be applied and enforced retroactively;

 

   

expropriation and governmental regulation restricting foreign ownership;

 

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possible failure to comply with anti-bribery laws such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar local anti-bribery laws; and

 

   

uncertainties regarding legal or judicial systems, including inconsistencies between and within laws, regulations and decrees, and judicial application thereof, which may be enforced retroactively.

In our international operations, many of our tenants are subsidiaries of global telecommunications companies. These subsidiaries may not have the explicit or implied financial support of their parent entities.

In addition, we face risks associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates, including those arising from our operations, investments and financing transactions related to our international business. Volatility in foreign currency exchange rates can also affect our ability to plan, forecast and budget for our international operations and expansion efforts. Our revenues earned from our international operations are primarily denominated in the respective local currencies. We have not historically engaged in significant currency hedging activities relating to our non-U.S. Dollar operations, and a weakening of these foreign currencies against the U.S. Dollar would have a negative impact on our reported revenues and operating profits, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

We anticipate that we may need additional financing to fund capital expenditures, to fund future growth and expansion initiatives and to return capital to stockholders.

In order to fund capital expenditures, to fund future growth and expansion initiatives and to return capital to our stockholders, we may need to raise additional capital through financing activities. We believe our cash provided by operations for the year ending December 31, 2011 will sufficiently fund our cash needs for operations, capital expenditures and cash debt service (interest and principal repayments) obligations for 2011. However, we anticipate that we may need to obtain additional sources of capital in the future to fund capital expenditures and growth initiatives and to support additional return of capital to stockholders. Depending on market conditions, we may seek to raise capital through credit facilities or debt or equity offerings. Additionally, a downgrade of our credit rating below investment grade could negatively impact our ability to access credit markets or preclude us from obtaining funds on investment grade terms and conditions. Further, certain of our current debt instruments limit the amount of indebtedness we and our subsidiaries may incur. Additional financing, therefore, may be unavailable, more expensive or restricted by the terms of our outstanding indebtedness. If we are unable to raise capital when our needs arise, we may not be able to fund our capital expenditures, to fund future growth and expansion initiatives or to return capital to our stockholders.

A substantial portion of our revenue is derived from a small number of customers.

A substantial portion of our total operating revenues is derived from a small number of tenants. For the three months ended March 31, 2011, four customers accounted for approximately 74% of our domestic rental and management segment revenue; and four customers accounted for approximately 49% of our international rental and management segment revenue, and this concentration could be greater should potential acquisitions be approved by certain regulatory authorities. If any of these customers are unwilling or unable to perform its obligations under our agreements with it, our revenues, results of operations, financial condition and liquidity could be materially and adversely affected. In the ordinary course of our business, we do occasionally experience disputes with our customers, generally regarding the interpretation of terms in our leases. Although we have historically resolved these disputes in a manner that did not have a material adverse effect on us or our customer relationships, it is possible that such disputes could lead to a termination of our leases with customers or a material modification of the terms of those leases, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. If we are forced to resolve any of these disputes through litigation, our relationship with the applicable customer could be terminated or damaged, which could lead to decreased revenues or increased costs, resulting in a corresponding adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

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Our largest international customer is Iusacell, which is the brand name under which a group of companies controlled by Grupo Iusacell, S.A. de C.V. (“Grupo Iusacell”) operates. Iusacell represented approximately 4% of our total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2011. Grupo Iusacell has been engaged in a refinancing of a majority of its U.S. Dollar denominated debt, and in connection with this process, two of the legal entities of the group, including Grupo Iusacell, voluntarily filed for a pre-packaged Concurso Mercantil (a process substantially equivalent to Chapter 11 of U.S. Bankruptcy Law) with the backing of a majority of their financial creditors in December 2010 and subsequently concluded the process in April 2011 after a Mexican court ruled in favor of the refinancing plan presented by the two legal entities. As of March 31, 2011, Iusacell notes receivable, net, and related assets (which include financing lease commitments and a deferred rent asset that are primarily long-term in nature) were $20.1 million and $52.5 million, respectively.

Increasing competition in the tower industry may create pricing pressures that may materially and adversely affect us.

Our industry is highly competitive, and our tenants have numerous alternatives for leasing antenna space. Some of our competitors, such as wireless carriers that allow collocation on their towers, are larger and may have greater financial resources than we do, while other competitors may have lower return on investment criteria than we do.

Competitive pricing pressures for tenants on towers from these competitors could materially and adversely affect our lease rates and services income. In addition, we may not be able to renew existing tenant leases or enter into new tenant leases, resulting in a material adverse impact on our results of operations and growth rate. Increasing competition could also make the acquisition of high quality tower assets more costly. Any of these factors could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.

Our business is subject to government regulations and changes in current or future laws or regulations could restrict our ability to operate our business as we currently do.

Our business, and that of our tenants, is subject to federal, state, local and foreign regulation. In certain jurisdictions these regulations could be applied or enforced retroactively. Local zoning authorities and community organizations are often opposed to construction in their communities and these regulations can delay, prevent or increase the cost of new tower construction, modifications, additions of new antennas to a site, or site upgrades, thereby limiting our ability to respond to customer demands and requirements. Existing regulatory policies may materially and adversely affect the associated timing or cost of such projects and additional regulations may be adopted which increase delays or result in additional costs to us, or that prevent such projects in certain locations. These factors could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. For more information regarding the regulations we are subject to, please see Item 1 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 under the caption “Regulatory Matters.”

If we are unable or choose not to exercise our rights to purchase towers that are subject to lease and sublease agreements at the end of the applicable period, our cash flows derived from such towers would be eliminated.

Our communications site portfolio includes towers that we operate pursuant to lease and sublease agreements that include a purchase option at the end of each lease period. We may not have the required available capital to exercise our right to purchase leased or subleased towers at the end of the applicable period. Even if we do have available capital, we may choose not to exercise our right to purchase such towers for business or other reasons. In the event that we do not exercise these purchase rights, or are otherwise unable to acquire an interest that would allow us to continue to operate these towers after the applicable period, we will lose the cash flows derived from such towers, which may have a material adverse effect on our business. In the event that we decide to exercise these purchase rights, the benefits of the acquisitions of such towers may not exceed the associated acquisition, compliance and integration costs, and our business, results of operations or financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

 

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If we are unable to protect our rights to the land under our towers, it could adversely affect our business and operating results.

Our real property interests relating to our towers consist primarily of leasehold and sub-leasehold interests, fee interests, easements, licenses and rights-of-way. A loss of these interests at a particular tower site may interfere with our ability to operate a tower and generate revenues. Approximately 86% of the communications sites in our portfolio as of March 31, 2011 are located on land we lease, but do not own. Approximately 87% of the ground leases for these sites have a final expiration date of 2020 and beyond. Our inability to protect our rights to the land under our towers may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

Our leverage and debt service obligations may materially and adversely affect us.

As of March 31, 2011, we had approximately $5.6 billion of consolidated debt, and the ability to borrow additional amounts of approximately $1,042.1 million under our Revolving Credit Facility. Our substantial level of indebtedness increases the possibility that we may be unable to generate cash sufficient to pay when due the principal of, interest on, or other amounts due with respect to, our indebtedness. We are also permitted, subject to certain restrictions under our existing indebtedness, to draw down on our Revolving Credit Facility and our Supplemental Credit Facility, as of April 8, 2011, and obtain additional long-term debt and working capital lines of credit to meet future financing needs. This would increase our total leverage.

Our leverage could have significant negative consequences on our financial condition and results of operations, including:

 

   

impairing our ability to meet one or more of the financial ratio covenants contained in our debt agreements or to generate cash sufficient to pay interest or principal due under those agreements, which could result in an acceleration of some or all of our outstanding debt and the loss of towers subject to the Securitization if an uncured default occurs;

 

   

increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;

 

   

limiting our ability to obtain additional debt or equity financing;

 

   

increasing our borrowing costs if our current investment grade debt ratings decline;

 

   

requiring the dedication of a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to service our debt, thereby reducing the amount of our cash flow available for other purposes, including capital expenditures;

 

   

requiring us to sell debt or equity securities or to sell some of our core assets, possibly on unfavorable terms, to meet payment obligations;

 

   

limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the markets in which we compete;

 

   

limiting our ability to repurchase our Common Stock or make distributions to our stockholders; and

 

   

placing us at a possible competitive disadvantage to less leveraged competitors and competitors that may have better access to capital resources.

Restrictive covenants in the loan agreements related to our Securitization, the loan agreements for the Revolving Credit Facility, Supplemental Credit Facility and Term Loan, and the indentures governing our debt securities could materially and adversely affect our business by limiting flexibility.

The loan agreement related to our Securitization includes operating covenants and other restrictions customary for loans subject to rated securitizations. Among other things, the borrowers under the loan agreement for the Securitization are prohibited from incurring other indebtedness for borrowed money or further

 

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encumbering their assets. A failure to comply with the covenants in the loan agreement could prevent the borrowers from taking certain actions with respect to the towers subject to the Securitization, and could prevent the borrowers from distributing any excess cash from the operation of such towers to us. If the borrowers were to default on the loan, the servicer on the loan could seek to foreclose upon or otherwise convert the ownership of the towers subject to the Securitization, in which case we could lose such towers and the revenue associated with such towers.

The loan agreements for the Revolving Credit Facility, Supplemental Credit Facility and the Term Loan each contain restrictive covenants, as well as requirements to comply with certain leverage and other financial maintenance tests, and thus may require that we limit our ability to take various actions, such as incurring additional debt, guaranteeing indebtedness, paying dividends or other distributions to shareholders, and engaging in various types of transactions, including mergers, acquisitions and sales of assets. Additionally, our indentures restrict our and our subsidiaries’ ability to incur liens securing our or their indebtedness. These covenants could have an adverse effect on our business by limiting our ability to take advantage of financing, new tower development, mergers and acquisitions or other opportunities.

In addition, reporting and information covenants in our loan agreements and indentures require that we provide financial and operating information within certain time periods. If we are unable to timely provide the required information, we would be in breach of these covenants. For more information regarding the covenants and requirements discussed above, please see Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Factors Affecting Sources of Liquidity” and note 6 to our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.

We could have liability under environmental laws.

Our operations, like those of other companies engaged in similar businesses, are subject to the requirements of various federal, state, local and foreign environmental and occupational safety and health laws and regulations, including those relating to the management, use, storage, disposal, emission and remediation of, and exposure to, hazardous and non-hazardous substances, materials and wastes. As the owner, lessee or operator of real property and facilities, we may be liable for substantial costs of investigation, removal or remediation of soil and groundwater contaminated by hazardous materials, without regard to whether we, as the owner, lessee or operator, knew of, or were responsible for, the contamination. We may also be liable for certain costs of remediating contamination at third party sites to which we sent waste for disposal, even if the original disposal may have complied with all legal requirements at the time. Many of these laws and regulations contain information reporting and record keeping requirements. We cannot assure you that we are at all times in complete compliance with all environmental requirements. We may be subject to potentially significant fines or penalties if we fail to comply with any of these requirements. The requirements of these laws and regulations are complex, change frequently, and could become more stringent in the future. In certain jurisdictions these laws and regulations could be applied or enforced retroactively. It is possible that these requirements will change or that liabilities will arise in the future in a manner that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our towers or data centers may be affected by natural disasters and other unforeseen damage for which our insurance may not provide adequate coverage.

Our towers are subject to risks associated with natural disasters, such as ice and wind storms, tornadoes, floods, hurricanes and earthquakes, as well as other unforeseen damage. Any damage or destruction to our towers or data centers as a result of these or other events would impact our ability to provide services to our tenants and could materially and adversely impact our results of operation or financial condition. While we maintain insurance coverage for natural disasters, we may not have adequate insurance to cover the associated costs of

 

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repair or reconstruction for a major future event. Further, we carry business interruption insurance, but such insurance may not adequately cover all of our lost revenues, including potential revenues from new tenants that could have been added to our towers but for the damage. If we are unable to provide services to our tenants as a result of damage to our towers, it could lead to customer loss, resulting in a corresponding material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

Our costs could increase and our revenues could decrease due to perceived health risks from radio emissions, especially if these perceived risks are substantiated.

Public perception of possible health risks associated with cellular and other wireless communications technology could slow the growth of wireless companies, which could in turn slow our growth. In particular, negative public perception of, and regulations regarding, these perceived health risks could slow the market acceptance of wireless communications services and increase opposition to the development and expansion of tower sites. The potential connection between radio frequency emissions and certain negative health effects has been the subject of substantial study by the scientific community in recent years, and numerous health-related lawsuits have been filed against wireless carriers and wireless device manufacturers. If a scientific study or court decision resulted in a finding that radio frequency emissions pose health risks to consumers, it could negatively impact the market for wireless services, as well as our tenants, which could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. We do not maintain any significant insurance with respect to these matters.

 

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ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we repurchased a total of 2,389,747 shares of our Common Stock for an aggregate of $122.7 million, including commissions and fees, pursuant to our publicly announced stock repurchase program, as follows:

 

Period

   Total Number
of Shares
Purchased (1)
     Average
Price Paid
per Share
     Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs
     Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares that
May Yet be  Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs
 

January 2011

     786,555      $ 50.84         786,555      $ 291.1   

February 2011

     481,849        53.94         481,849        265.1   

March 2011

     1,121,343        50.58         1,121,343        208.4   
                       

Total First Quarter

     2,389,747      $ 51.34         2,389,747      $ 208.4   
                       

 

(1) Repurchases made pursuant to the 2008 Buyback. Under this program, our management is authorized to purchase shares from time to time through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions at prevailing prices as permitted by securities laws and other legal requirements, and subject to market conditions and other factors. To facilitate repurchases, we make purchases pursuant to a trading plan under Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act, which allows us to repurchase shares during periods when we otherwise might be prevented from doing so under insider trading laws or because of self-imposed trading blackout periods. This program may be discontinued at any time.

Since March 31, 2011, we have continued to repurchase shares of our Common Stock pursuant to our 2008 Buyback. Between April 1, 2011 and April 22, 2011, we repurchased a total of 0.5 million shares of our Common Stock for an aggregate of $24.3 million, including commissions and fees, pursuant to this program.

 

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

See the Exhibit Index on Page EX-1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which Exhibit Index is incorporated herein by reference.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

    AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION

Date: May 5, 2011

    By:   /s/    THOMAS A. BARTLETT        
     

Thomas A. Bartlett

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Duly Authorized Officer and Principal

Financial Officer)

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit No.

  

Description

10.1    Loan Agreement, dated as of April 8, 2011, among the Company, as Borrower, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Bank of America, N.A., Barclays Bank plc and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Issuing Banks, Barclays Capital, as Syndication Agent and the several lenders that are parties thereto.
31.1    Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2    Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32    Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS    XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition

 

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