t64272_10-k.htm


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-K
   
x
Annual Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
For the fiscal year ended SEPTEMBER 30, 2008
 
-or-
   
o
Transition Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
For the transition period from                                        to
 
Commission File Number: 0-51214
 
PRUDENTIAL BANCORP, INC. OF PENNSYLVANIA
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
   
PENNSYLVANIA
68-0593604
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(IRS Employer Identification No.)

1834 OREGON AVENUE
19145
PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA
(Zip Code)
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
 
 
Registrant’s telephone number: (including area code) (215) 755-1500
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
   
Title of Each Class
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
   
Common Stock (par value $0.01 per share)
The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: NONE
 
          Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YES o NO x
 
          Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. YES o NO x
 
          Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES x NO o
 
          Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
 
          Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
   
Large Accelerated Filer o
Accelerated Filer o
Non-Accelerated Filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller Reporting Company x
 
          Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). YES o NO x
 
          The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant based on the closing price of $12.25 on March 31, 2008, the last business day of the Registrant’s second quarter was $42,576,108 (11,087,766 shares outstanding less 7,612,165 shares held by affiliates at $12.25 per share). Although directors and executive officers of the Registrant and certain employee benefit plans were assumed to be “affiliates” of the Registrant for purposes of the calculation, the classification is not to be interpreted as an admission of such status.
 
          As of the close of business on December 18, 2008 there were 11,069,866 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding.
 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
   
1.
Portions of the Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference in Part III.
 


 
 

 
Prudential Bancorp, Inc. of Pennsylvania and Subsidiaries
FORM 10-K INDEX
For the Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2008
     
   
Page
PART I
   
     
Item 1.
Business
1
     
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
37
     
Item 1B.
Unresolved Staff Comments
44
     
Item 2.
Properties
45
     
Item 3.
Legal Proceedings
45
     
Item 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
46
     
PART II
   
     
Item 5.
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
47
     
Item 6.
Selected Financial Data
49
     
Item 7.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
51
     
Item 7A.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
65
     
Item 8.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
69
     
Item 9.
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
107
     
Item 9A.
Controls and Procedures
107
     
Item 9B.
Other Information
108
     
PART III
   
     
Item 10.
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
108
     
Item 11.
Executive Compensation
108
     
Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
109
     
Item 13.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence
109
     
Item 14.
Principal Accounting Fees and Services
109
     
PART IV
   
     
Item 15.
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
109
     
 
Signatures
 

 
 

 
 
PART I
 
Item 1. Business
 
General
 
          Our Company, Prudential Bancorp, Inc. of Pennsylvania (the “Company” or “Prudential Bancorp”), is a Pennsylvania corporation which was organized as a mid-tier holding company for our bank, Prudential Savings Bank, a Pennsylvania-chartered, FDIC-insured savings bank (the “Bank” or “Prudential Savings Bank”). Our Bank is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The Company’s results of operations are primarily dependent on the results of the Bank. As of September 30, 2008, the Company, on a consolidated basis, had total assets of approximately $489.3 million, total deposits of approximately $376.8 million, and total stockholders’ equity of approximately $68.9 million.
 
          The Company was formed when the Bank reorganized from a mutual savings bank to a mutual holding company structure in March 2005. Prudential Mutual Holding Company, a Pennsylvania corporation, is the mutual holding company parent of the Company. As of September 30, 2008, Prudential Mutual Holding Company owns 63.4% (7,023,062 shares) of the Company’s outstanding common stock and must continue to own at least a majority of the outstanding voting stock of the Company.
 
          Our Bank is a community-oriented savings bank headquartered in south Philadelphia which was originally organized in 1886 as a Pennsylvania-chartered building and loan association known as “The South Philadelphia Building and Loan Association No. 2.” We grew through a number of mergers with other mutual institutions with our last merger being with Continental Savings and Loan Association in 1983. We converted to a Pennsylvania-chartered savings bank in August 2004. Our banking office network currently consists of our headquarters and main office and six full-service branch offices. Six of our banking offices are located in Philadelphia (Philadelphia County) and one is in Drexel Hill in neighboring Delaware County, Pennsylvania. We maintain ATMs at six of our banking offices. We also provide on-line banking services.
 
          We are primarily engaged in attracting deposits from the general public and using those funds to invest in loans and securities. Our principal sources of funds are deposits, repayments of loans and mortgage-backed securities, maturities of investment securities and interest-bearing deposits, funds provided from operations and funds borrowed from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh. These funds are primarily used for the origination of various loan types including single-family residential mortgage loans, construction and land development loans, non-residential or commercial real estate mortgage loans, home equity loans and lines of credit, commercial business loans and consumer loans. We are an active originator of residential home mortgage loans and construction and land development loans in our market area. Traditionally, our Bank focused on originating or purchasing fixed-rate, long-term single-family residential mortgage loans for portfolio. In recent years, we have substantially increased our involvement in construction and land development lending. Such loans typically have higher yields as compared to single-family residential mortgage loans and have adjustable rates of interest and/or shorter terms to maturity. As a result of such emphasis, our construction and land development loans grew from $39.2 million or 22.6% of the total loan portfolio at September 30, 2004 to $82.8 million or 32.3% of our total loan portfolio at September 30, 2006. However 2007 and 2008 saw a decline in our construction and land development loans to $42.6 million, or 16.5% of total loans at September 30, 2008. As long as market conditions are favorable for this activity, we would expect such lending to continue in the future. See Asset Quality section.

 
1

 
          The investment and mortgage-backed securities portfolio has decreased over the last several years from $225.8 million at September 30, 2006 to $218.4 million at September 30, 2008 as a portion of the maturing and called securities have been reinvested into the loan portfolio, in particular one-to four-family residential loans. A significant portion of our investment securities consist of debt and mortgage-backed securities with Government Sponsored Enterprises (“GSEs”) or with U.S. government agencies. At September 30, 2008, our $218.4 million of investment and mortgage-backed securities had an aggregate gross unrealized loss of $4.6 million due to fluctuations in market rates of interest and turbulence in the mortgage industry.
 
          In addition to offering loans and deposits we also offer, on an agency basis, securities and insurance products to our customers through an affiliation with a third-party broker-dealer.
 
          At September 30, 2008, our total non-performing assets amounted to $5.5 million, or 1.13% of total assets. The largest component consists of two construction loans totaling $3.6 million and a real estate owned property of $1.5 million. Non-performing assets have increased from a low point in 2006 of $151,000, or ..03% of total assets as there has been deterioration of the real estate market in the Philadelphia area since that time. Loan charge-offs were $504,000, $2,000 and $-0- for fiscal years ended 2008, 2007 and 2006 respectively. The charge-off in the 2008 period represented a decline in the market value of the real estate owned property as it was transferred from the construction loan portfolio. We recorded provision expense of $1.1 million during fiscal 2008 based on management’s evaluation of the loan portfolio. At September 30, 2008, the ratio of our allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans was 39.4% increasing from 39.0% at September 30, 2007. See Asset Quality section.
 
          Our executive offices are located at 1834 Oregon Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and our telephone number is (215) 755-1500.
 
Market Area and Competition
 
          Our primary market area is Philadelphia, in particular South Philadelphia and Center City, as well as Delaware County. We also conduct business in Bucks, Chester and Montgomery Counties which, along with Delaware County, comprise the suburbs of Philadelphia. We also make loans in contiguous counties in southern New Jersey. This area is referred to as the Delaware Valley region. The Philadelphia metropolitan area is one of the leading regions for biotech and pharmaceutical research with many of the largest pharmaceutical companies maintaining a presence in the region. It is also a major health care area with a number of teaching and research hospitals being operated.
 
          During 2008, the Philadelphia has been affected by the downturn in the economy. Manufacturers and retailers reported declines. Overall credit quality on bank loans deteriorated and residential real estate sales, construction activity, and commercial real estate investment declined. This deterioration in the economy led to an increase in the allowance for loan losses. See Asset Quality section.
 
          We face significant competition in originating loans and attracting deposits. This competition stems primarily from commercial banks, other savings banks and savings associations and mortgage-banking companies. Many of the financial service providers operating in our market area are significantly larger, and have greater financial resources, than us. We face additional competition for deposits from short-term money market funds and other corporate and government securities funds, mutual funds and from other non-depository financial institutions such as brokerage firms and insurance companies.

 
2

 
Lending Activities
 
          General. At September 30, 2008, our net loan portfolio totaled $244.0 million or 49.9% of total assets. Historically, our principal lending activity has been the origination of residential real estate loans collateralized by one- to four-family, also known as “single-family” homes secured by properties located in our market area. While we have been making construction loans to developers and homebuilders for more than 25 years, we substantially increased our construction and land development lending activities from fiscal 2000 to 2006, however at September 30, 2008, such loans had decreased 48.5% from 2006 levels. We also originate, to a lesser degree, multi-family and commercial real estate loans, home equity loans and lines of credit, commercial business loans and consumer loans.
 
          The types of loans that we may originate are subject to federal and state laws and regulations. Interest rates charged by us on loans are affected principally by the demand for such loans and the supply of money available for lending purposes and the rates offered by our competitors. These factors are, in turn, affected by general and economic conditions, the monetary policy of the federal government, including the Federal Reserve Board, legislative tax policies and governmental budgetary matters.
 
          Loan Portfolio Composition. The following table shows the composition of our loan portfolio by type of loan at the dates indicated.
                                                             
   
September 30,
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
   
Amount
   
%
   
Amount
   
%
   
Amount
   
%
   
Amount
   
%
   
Amount
   
%
 
     
   
(Dollars in thousands)
Real estate loans:
                                                           
One- to four-family residential(1)
  $ 191,344       74.02 %   $ 159,945       67.85 %   $ 155,454       60.69 %   $ 135,394       67.22 %   $ 124,085       71.54 %
Multi-family residential
    2,801       1.08 %     4,362       1.85 %     5,074       1.98 %     2,541       1.26 %     3,181       1.84 %
Commercial real estate
    20,518       7.94 %     18,019       7.64 %     11,339       4.42 %     9,875       4.90 %     5,608       3.23 %
Construction and land development
    42,634       16.49 %     52,429       22.24 %     82,800       32.33 %     52,093       25.86 %     39,217       22.61 %
Total real estate loans
    257,297       99.53 %     234,755       99.58 %     254,667       99.42 %     199,903       99.24 %     172,091       99.22 %
Commercial business loans
    465       0.18 %     155       0.07 %     234       0.09 %     188       0.09 %     145       0.08 %
Consumer loans
    739       0.29 %     832       0.35 %     1,239       0.49 %     1,347       0.67 %     1,206       0.70 %
Total loans
    258,501       100.00 %     235,742       100.00 %     256,140       100.00 %     201,438       100.00 %     173,442       100.00 %
Less:
                                                                               
Undisbursed portion of construction loans in process
    13,515               15,897               36,257               25,824               21,338          
Deferred loan fees
    (574 )             (315 )             (153 )             (35 )             (19 )        
Allowance for loan losses
    1,591               1,011               618               558               558          
Net loans
  $ 243,969             $ 219,149             $ 219,418             $ 175,091             $ 151,565          
 
   
(1)
Includes home equity loans and lines of credit of $14.4 million and $4.9 million respectively as of September 30, 2008.
   
During the 2008 period, our one-to four-family residential loans increased while the construction loan portfolio decreased as market conditions became less favorable for construction lending.

 
3

 
          Contractual Terms to Final Maturities. The following table shows the scheduled contractual maturities of our loans as of September 30, 2008, before giving effect to net items. Demand loans, loans having no stated schedule of repayments and no stated maturity, and overdrafts are reported as due in one year or less. The amounts shown below do not take into account loan prepayments.
                                           
   
One-to-Four
Family
Residential
   
Multi-family
Residential
   
Commercial
Real Estate
   
Construction
and Land
Development
   
Commercial
Business
   
Consumer
   
Total
 
   
(In Thousands)
 
Amounts due after September 30, 2008 in:
                                         
One year or less
  $ 1,443     $ 129     $ 738     $ 35,234     $ 207     $ 63     $ 37,814  
After one year through two years
    3,186             342       7,400             16       10,944  
After two years through three years
    4,113             1,543                   122       5,778  
After three years through five years
    8,756       327       1,570             7       382       11,042  
After five years through ten years
    27,790       1,195       13,815             251             43,051  
After ten years through fifteen years
    91,775       1,113       2,417                   156       95,461  
After fifteen years
    54,281       37       93                         54,411  
Total
  $ 191,344     $ 2,801     $ 20,518     $ 42,634     $ 465     $ 739     $ 258,501  
 
          The following table shows the dollar amount of all loans due after one year from September 30, 2008, as shown in the table above, which have fixed interest rates or which have floating or adjustable interest rates.
                   
   
Fixed-Rate
   
Floating or
Adjustable-Rate
   
Total
 
   
(In Thousands)
 
One- to four-family residential (1)
  $ 173,474     $ 16,427     $ 189,901  
Multi-family residential
    2,672             2,672  
Commercial real estate
    17,867       1,913       19,780  
Construction and land development
          7,400       7,400  
Commercial business
    258             258  
Consumer
    627       49       676  
Total
  $ 194,898     $ 25,789     $ 220,687  
 
(1)
Includes home equity loans and lines of credit.
 
          The Company originations one, three, and five year adjustable rate mortgages. None of these mortgages have artificially low initial interest rates commonly known as “teaser rates”.
 
          Loan Originations. Our lending activities are subject to underwriting standards and loan origination procedures established by our board of directors and management. Loan originations are obtained through a variety of sources, primarily existing customers as well as new customers obtained from referrals and local advertising and promotional efforts. We also use loan correspondents and brokers as a source for a substantial part of our residential mortgage loans, either having them originate such loans using our documentation or purchasing such loans from them immediately upon closing. Consumer loan applications are taken at any of our offices while loan applications for all other types of loans are taken only at our main office. All loan applications are processed and underwritten centrally at our main office.
 
 
4

 
          Our single-family residential mortgage loans are written on standardized documents used by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC” or “Freddie Mac”) and Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA” or “Fannie Mae”). Property valuations of loans secured by real estate are undertaken by independent third-party appraisers approved by our board of directors. The secondary mortgage market has been adversely impacted in recent periods and through the filing date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K by deteriorating investor demand for mortgage loan products, particularly with regard to subprime products, as investors are tightening credit standards and offering less favorable pricing. At both September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007, the Company had no real estate loans that would be considered subprime loans, which are defined as mortgage loans advanced to borrowers who do not qualify for loans bearing market interest rates because of problems with their credit history. Prudential Savings Bank does not originate subprime loans.
 
          In addition to originating loans, we purchase single-family residential loans from correspondents due to limited demand in our primary market area. However, all of such loans are underwritten by us using our underwriting criteria and approved by the executive committee or the full board of directors prior to purchase. We also occasionally purchase participation interests in larger balance loans, typically commercial real estate loans, from other financial institutions in our market area. Such participations are reviewed for compliance with our underwriting criteria and are approved by the executive committee or the full board before they are purchased. Generally, loan purchases have been without any recourse to the seller. However, we actively monitor the performance of such loans through the receipt of regular reports from the lead lender regarding the loan’s performance, physically inspecting the loan security property on a periodic basis, discussing the loan with the lead lender on a regular basis and receiving copies of updated financial statements from the borrower.
 
          We have sold participation interests in construction and land development loans originated by us to other institutions in our market area. In addition, beginning in fiscal 2002, we have sold to the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh pursuant to the Mortgage Partnership Finance program long-term, fixed-rate single-family loans originated which had interest rates below certain levels established by the board of directors. Such sales provide for a limited amount of recourse. At September 30, 2008, our recourse exposure was approximately $64,000. When we have sold participation interests, it has been done without recourse. We generally have sold participation interests in loans only when a loan would exceed our loan-to-one borrower limits. With respect to the sale of participation interests in such loans, we have received commitments to purchase such participation interests prior to the time the loan is closed.
 
          Under applicable Pennsylvania law, we are permitted to make loans to one borrower in an aggregate amount of up to 15% of the capital accounts of the Bank which consist of the aggregate of its capital, surplus, undivided profits, capital securities and reserve for loan losses. At September 30, 2008, the Bank’s loans to one borrower limit was approximately $9.9 million. At September 30, 2008, our three largest loans to one borrowers and related entities amounted to $8.3 million, $7.8 million, and $7.1 million. All of such loans were performing in accordance with their terms and primarily consist of loans to fund single-family residential condominium construction projects. For more information on such loans, see “Construction and Land Development Lending”.

 
5

 
          The following table shows our total loans originated, purchased, sold and repaid during the periods indicated.
                   
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
                   
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(In Thousands)
 
Loan originations:
                 
One- to four-family residential
  $ 51,289     $ 28,538     $ 46,368  
Multi-family residential
          2,167       2,631  
Commercial real estate
    3,124       6,401       1,365  
Construction and land development
    15,933       27,464       40,257  
Commercial business
    5,464       6,393       920  
Consumer
    773       366       455  
Total loan originations
    76,583       71,329       91,996  
Loans purchased
                 
Total loans originated & acquired
    76,583       71,329       91,996  
Loans sold
                 
Loan principal repayments
    50,932       71,550       47,943  
Total loans sold and principal repayments
    50,932       71,550       47,943  
(Decrease) or increase due to other items, net (1)
    (831 )     (48 )     274  
Net increase in loan portfolio
  $ 24,820     $ (269 )   $ 44,327  
 
(1)
Other items consist of loans in process, deferred fees and the allowance for loan losses. The 2008 balance consisted primarily of the $1.1 loan loss provision offset by a $253,000 amortization of deferred loan fee income.
 
          One- to Four-Family Residential Mortgage Lending. Our primary lending activity continues to be the origination or purchase of loans secured by first mortgages on one- to four-family residences located in our market area. Our single-family residential mortgage loans are obtained through our lending department and branch personnel and through correspondents. The balance of such loans increased from $124.1 million, or 71.5 % of total loans at September 30, 2004 to $191.3 million, or 74.0% of total loans at September 30, 2008.
 
          Our single-family residential mortgage loans generally are underwritten on terms and documentation conforming to guidelines issued by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae. Applications for one- to four-family residential mortgage loans are accepted only at our main office. We generally have retained for portfolio a substantial portion of the single-family residential mortgage loans that we originate, only selling certain long-term, fixed-rate loans bearing interest rates below certain levels established by the board. All of such loans have been sold to the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh pursuant to the Mortgage Partnership Finance Program. We service all loans that we have originated, including loans that we subsequently sell. We currently originate fixed-rate, fully amortizing mortgage loans with maturities of 15, 20 or 30 years. We also offer adjustable rate mortgage (“ARM”) and Balloon loans. However, due to local market conditions, our originations of such loans have been limited in recent years. At September 30, 2008, $15.0 million, or 8.9%, of our one- to four-family residential loan portfolio (excluding home equity loans and lines of credit) consisted of ARM loans.
 
          We underwrite one- to four-family residential mortgage loans with loan-to-value ratios of up to 95%, provided that the borrower obtains private mortgage insurance on loans that exceed 80% of the appraised value or sales price, whichever is less, of the secured property. We also require that title insurance, hazard insurance and, if appropriate, flood insurance be maintained on all properties securing real estate loans. A licensed appraiser appraises all properties securing one- to four-family first mortgage loans. Our mortgage loans generally include due-on-sale clauses which provide us with the contractual right to deem the loan immediately due and payable in the event the borrower transfers ownership of the property.

 
6

 
          Our single-family residential mortgage loans also include home equity loans and lines of credit, which amounted to $14.4 million and $8.9 million, respectively, at September 30, 2008. The unused portion of home equity lines was $4.0 million at such date. Our home equity loans are fully amortizing and have terms to maturity of up to 20 years. While home equity loans also are secured by the borrower’s residence, we generally obtain a second mortgage position on these loans. Our lending policy provides that our home equity loans have loan-to-value ratios, when combined with any first mortgage, of 80% at time of origination or less, although the preponderance of our home equity loans have combined loan-to-value ratios of 75% at time of origination or less. We also offer home equity revolving lines of credit with interest tied to the Wall Street Journal prime rate. Generally, we have a second mortgage on the borrower’s residence as collateral on our home equity lines. In addition, our home equity lines generally have loan-to-value ratios (combined with any loan secured by a first mortgage) of 75% at time of origination or less. Our customers may apply for home equity lines as well as home equity loans at any banking office. While there has been recent decline in some collateral values, our conservative underwriting guidelines have minimized our exposure in that regard.
 
          Construction and Land Development Lending. We have been an active originator of construction and land development loans for more than 25 years. Our construction loan efforts in recent years have been a growth area for us because they have shorter terms to maturity and they generally have floating or adjustable interest rates. However, since 2006, our construction loan portfolio has decreased as market conditions made these loans less desirable due to a weakening of the real estate market which has caused slower sales and reduced housing prices in certain instances. We have focused our construction lending on making loans to developers and homebuilders in our primary market area to acquire, develop and build single-family residences or condominium projects. Our construction loans include, to a lesser extent, loans for the construction of multi-family residential or mixed-use properties. At September 30, 2008, our construction and loan development loans amounted to $42.6 million, or 16.5% of our total loan portfolio. This amount includes $13.5 million of undisbursed loans in process (of which $2.2 million relates to participation interests we have sold). Our construction loan portfolio has decreased substantially since September 30, 2006 when construction loans amounted to $82.8 million or 32.3% of our total loan portfolio.
 
          A substantial amount of our construction loans are construction and development loans to contractors and builders primarily to finance the construction of condominium projects, single-family homes and small to medium-sized residential subdivisions. Loans to finance the construction of condominium projects or single-family homes and subdivisions are generally offered to experienced builders in our primary market area with whom we have an established relationship. Residential construction and development loans are offered with terms of up to 36 months although typically the terms are 12 to 24 months. One or two six-month extensions may be provided for at our option and upon payment of a fee by the borrower. These extensions are used as an incentive to the borrower to finish the project in a rapid manner in order to avoid additional fees. The maximum loan-to-value limit applicable to these loans is 75% of the appraised post construction value and our policies do not require amortization of the principal during the term of the loan. We often establish interest reserves and obtain personal and/or corporate guarantees as additional security on our construction loans. Interest reserves are used to pay the monthly interest payments during the development phase of the loan and are treated as an addition to the loan balance. Interest reserves can be a benefit to the Company as the loans are generally kept current, although there is a risk of the Company not being aware of deterioration in the borrowers’ financial condition. Construction loan proceeds are disbursed periodically in increments as construction progresses and as inspection by our approved appraisers or loan inspectors warrants. Our construction loans are negotiated on an individual basis but typically have floating rates of interest based upon the Wall Street Journal prime rate. Additional fees may be charged as funds are disbursed. In addition to interest payments during the term of the construction loan, we typically require that payments to principal be made as units are completed and released. Generally such principal payments must be equal to 110% of the amount attributable to acquisition and development of the lot plus 100% of the amount attributable to construction of the individual home. We permit a pre-determined number of model homes to be constructed on an unsold or “speculative” basis. All other units must be pre-sold before we will disburse funds for construction. Our construction loans also include loans to acquire land and loans to develop the basic infrastructure, such as roads and sewers. The majority of our construction loans are secured by properties located in Philadelphia and Chester Counties, Pennsylvania. However, we also make construction loans in Bucks, Delaware and Montgomery Counties, Pennsylvania as well as the New Jersey suburbs of Philadelphia. In addition, we have sold participation interests in a number of our larger construction projects, generally retaining at least a 25% interest. Such sales do not provide for any recourse against the Bank.

 
7

 
         Set forth below is a brief description of our five largest construction loans.
 
          Our largest construction and development loan is a $20.0 million loan to a limited partnership sponsored by a Philadelphia-based regional developer. We sold participation interests totaling $17.5 million to five other local financial institutions in connection with the closing of the loan in late 2004 and in subsequent years. We also received additional collateral from the borrower consisting of condominium units in another project with an estimated value of $4.6 million at the time such collateral was pledged. The project involves the conversion of an existing building into a mixed-use building which will contain, when completed, loft condominiums above one floor of retail space. The current loan covers the initial phase of the project, representing 133 units. The project also involves the construction of both indoor and outdoor parking lots. The loan has a 36-month term with payments of interest only during the term of the loan and a floating interest at the Wall Street Journal prime plus 1% with a floor of 5.0% with certain provisions for extensions. The Bank’s outstanding loan balance (with respect to its interest) at September 30, 2008 was approximately $1.5 million with the total loan balance at such date amounting to approximately $12.2 million. During July 2006, we extended an additional loan of $9.0 million for the second phase of the project. The new loan terms call for payments of interest only during the term of the loan and a floating interest at the Wall Street Journal prime plus 1% with a floor of 5.0%. The new loan will mature in 36 months from the date of the original loan. During 2006, we sold participation interests related to the additional loan totaling $5.7 million to three other local financial institutions. The Bank’s outstanding loan balance (with respect to its interest) at September 30, 2008 was approximately $1.8 million with the total loan balance at such date amounting to approximately $4.7 million. As of November 2008, construction work has been substantially completed. There are 66 units that have been settled and sold, 7 units under agreement of sale, 31 units pending refinance as rental properties as a means of paying down the construction loans during a period when sales have slowed due to current market conditions. Based on the slower than originally anticipated sales, the loan has been classified as “Special Mention”.
 
          In October 2005, we extended a $5.0 million loan, also for the conversion of an existing building located in Philadelphia into condominiums. The limited partnership is operated by a Philadelphia-based construction company. The project involves the conversion of the existing building into 34 loft condominium units with outside parking. The loan has a 24 month term with interest only due during the term and a floating interest rate indexed to the Wall Street Journal prime plus 1%. The loan has a floor of 5.0%. The loan agreement incorporates one six month extension upon the payment of a fee equal to .5% of the outstanding balance as of the date of the extension. The loan-to-value ratio at the date of origination was approximately 73%. During 2008, the loan maturity was extended until May 2009. We retained the entire interest in the loan. At the date hereof, the outstanding loan balance was approximately $4.5 million and there have been seven units sold and three units under agreement of sale. Sales have been slowed due to current market conditions. As of November 2008, construction is approximately 85% complete.

 
8

 
          In June 2006 we extended a $4.0 million construction and land development loan to a local developer to convert an existing building into 16 condominium units with underground parking located in Philadelphia. The loan has a 24-month term with payments of interest only during the term of the loan and a floating interest rate at the Wall Street Journal prime rate plus 1% and with a floor of 7.75%. The loan to value ratio of the loan was approximately 69% at the date of origination without consideration of additional collateral. The additional collateral was 15 real estate properties with equity of approximately $2.3 million. At September 30, 2008, the outstanding balance of the Bank’s loan was approximately $2.3 million. Construction has been behind schedule primarily due to delays in obtaining permits, which have subsequently been resolved. Although no loss is anticipated on the project due in part to the strong collateral position, the loan has been classified as substandard due to the construction delays.
 
          In May 2005 we purchased a $3.0 million interest in a $12.8 million construction and land development loan to a local limited partnership for the acquisition, development, and construction of an 11 story elevator equipped condominium building containing 40 units with parking for 37 vehicles located in Philadelphia. Another financial institution is acting as the lead lender. The loan has a 24-month term with payments of interest only during the term of the loan and a floating interest rate at the Wall Street Journal prime rate plus 0.50%, with certain provisions for extensions. During 2007, the loan maturity was extended until October 2008. As of November 2008, the outstanding balance of the Bank’s portion of the loan remains $3.0 million. During 2008, the loan experienced payment delinquencies. In addition, based on an updated appraisal, the value of the real estate collateralizing the loan has declined. Although the project is substantially complete, a $36,000 specific reserve has been established on the loan based on the recent appraisal. The developer of the property and the lead lender have elected to rent the units until such time as market conditions improve.
 
          In September 2007 we purchased a $5.0 million interest in a $15.0 million construction and land development loan to a local limited partnership for the acquisition, development, and construction of a shopping center in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. Another financial institution is acting as the lead lender. The loan has a 24-month term with payments of interest only during the term of the loan and a floating interest rate at the Wall Street Journal prime rate plus 0.25%, with certain provisions for extensions. As of September 30, 2008, the outstanding balance of the Bank’s portion of the loan was $1.5 million. Construction is proceeding as scheduled and a portion of the project is pre-leased.
 
          Construction financing is generally considered to involve a higher degree of credit risk than long-term financing on improved, owner-occupied real estate. Risk of loss on a construction loan depends largely upon the accuracy of the initial estimate of the property’s value at completion of construction compared to the estimated costs, including interest, of construction and other assumptions. Additionally, if the estimate of value proves to be inaccurate, we may be confronted with a project, when completed, having a value less than the loan amount. We have attempted to minimize these risks by generally concentrating on residential construction loans in our market area to contractors with whom we have established relationships and by selling, with respect to larger construction and land development loans, participation interests.
 
           Multi-Family Residential and Commercial Real Estate Loans. At September 30, 2008, our multi-family residential and commercial real estate loans amounted to $23.3 million or 9.0% of our total loan portfolio. Our commercial real estate loans increased from $5.6 million or 3.2% of our total loan portfolio at September 30, 2004 to $20.5 million or 7.9% of our total loan portfolio at September 30, 2008.

 
9

 
 
          Our commercial real estate and residential multi-family real estate loan portfolio consists primarily of loans secured by small office buildings, strip shopping centers, small apartment buildings and other properties used for commercial and multi-family purposes located in our market area. At September 30, 2008, the average commercial and multi-family real estate loan size was approximately $271,000. The largest multi-family residential or commercial real estate loan at September 30, 2008 was $2.0 million which was performing in accordance with its terms. Substantially all of the properties securing our multi-family residential and commercial real estate loans are located in our primary market area.
 
          Although terms for commercial real estate and multi-family loans vary, our underwriting standards generally allow for terms up to 20 years with loan-to-value ratios of not more than 70%. Most of the loans are structured with balloon payments and amortization periods of up to 25 years. Interest rates are either fixed or adjustable, based upon designated market indices such as the Wall Street Journal prime rate plus a margin or, with respect to our multi-family residential loans, the Average Contract Interest Rate for previously occupied houses as reported by the Federal Housing Finance Board. In addition, fees of up to 2% are charged to the borrower at the origination of the loan. We obtain personal guarantees of the principals as additional collateral for commercial real estate and multi-family real estate loans.
 
          Commercial real estate and multi-family real estate lending involves different risks than single-family residential lending. These risks include larger loans to individual borrowers and loan payments that are dependent upon the successful operation of the project or the borrower’s business. These risks can be affected by supply and demand conditions in the project’s market area of rental housing units, office and retail space and other commercial space. We attempt to minimize these risks by limiting loans to proven businesses, only considering properties with existing operating performance which can be analyzed, using conservative debt coverage ratios in our underwriting, and periodically monitoring the operation of the business or project and the physical condition of the property.
 
          Various aspects of commercial and multi-family loan transactions are evaluated in an effort to mitigate the additional risk in these types of loans. In our underwriting procedures, consideration is given to the stability of the property’s cash flow history, future operating projections, current and projected occupancy levels, location and physical condition. Generally, we impose a debt service ratio (the ratio of net cash flows from operations before the payment of debt service to debt service) of not less than 120%. We also evaluate the credit and financial condition of the borrower, and if applicable, the guarantor. Appraisal reports prepared by independent appraisers are reviewed by us prior to the closing of the loan. With respect to participations, we underwrite the loans as if we were the originating lender.
 
          Consumer Lending Activities. We offer various types of consumer loans such as loans secured by deposit accounts and unsecured personal loans. Consumer loans are originated primarily through existing and walk-in customers and direct advertising. At September 30, 2008, $739,000, or 0.3% of the total loan portfolio consisted of these types of loans.
 
          Consumer loans generally have higher interest rates and shorter terms than residential loans. However, consumer loans have additional credit risk due to the type of collateral securing the loan or in some cases the absence of collateral.
 
          Commercial Business Loans. Our commercial business loans amounted to $465,000 or 0.18% of the total loan portfolio at September 30, 2008.

 
10

 

          Our commercial business loans typically are made to small to mid-sized businesses in our market area primarily to provide working capital. Small business loans may have adjustable or fixed rates of interest and generally have terms of three years or less but may go up to 15 years. Our commercial business loans generally are secured by real estate. In addition, we generally obtain personal guarantees from the principals of the borrower with respect to all commercial business loans.
 
          Loan Approval Procedures and Authority. Our board of directors establishes Prudential Savings Bank’s lending policies and procedures. Our various lending policies are reviewed at least annually by our management team and the board in order to propose modifications as a result of market conditions, regulatory changes and other factors. All modifications must be approved by our board of directors.
 
          Home equity loans and lines of credit up to $100,000 can be approved by one underwriter and either of two lending officers. Amounts in excess of the individual lending limit with respect to home equity loans and lines of credit must be approved by our two lending officers, and our President or Chief Financial Officer. All mortgage loans must be approved by either the executive committee of the board or the full board of directors of Prudential Savings Bank.
 
Asset Quality
 
          General. One of our key objectives has been, and continues to be, maintaining a high level of asset quality. In addition to maintaining credit standards for new originations which we believe are sound, we are proactive in our loan monitoring, collection and workout processes in dealing with delinquent or problem loans. We also retain an independent, third party to undertake periodic reviews of the credit quality of a random sample of new loans and all of our major loans on an ongoing basis.
 
          Reports listing all delinquent accounts are generated and reviewed by management on a monthly basis. These reports include information regarding all loans 30 days or more delinquent and all real estate owned and are provided to the board of directors. The procedures we take with respect to delinquencies vary depending on the nature of the loan, period and cause of delinquency and whether the borrower is habitually delinquent. When a borrower fails to make a required payment on a loan, we take a number of steps to have the borrower cure the delinquency and restore the loan to current status. We generally send the borrower a written notice of non-payment after the loan is first past due. Our guidelines provide that telephone, written correspondence and/or face-to-face contact will be attempted to ascertain the reasons for delinquency and the prospects of repayment. When contact is made with the borrower at any time prior to foreclosure, we will attempt to obtain full payment, work out a repayment schedule with the borrower to avoid foreclosure or, in some instances, accept a deed in lieu of foreclosure. In the event payment is not then received or the loan not otherwise satisfied, additional letters and telephone calls generally are made. If the loan is still not brought current or satisfied and it becomes necessary for us to take legal action, which typically occurs after a loan is 90 days or more delinquent, we will commence foreclosure proceedings against any real property that secures the loan. If a foreclosure action is instituted and the loan is not brought current, paid in full, or refinanced before foreclosure sale, the property securing the loan generally is sold at foreclosure and, if purchased by us, becomes real estate owned.
 
          On loans where the collection of principal or interest payments is doubtful, the accrual of interest income ceases (“non-accrual” loans). On loans 90 days or more past due as to principal and interest payments, our policy, with certain limited exceptions with respect to single-family residential mortgage loans, is to discontinue accruing additional interest and reverse any interest currently accrued. On occasion, this action may be taken earlier if the financial condition of the borrower raises significant concern with regard to his/her ability to service the debt in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement. Interest income is not accrued on these loans until the borrower’s financial condition and payment record demonstrate an ability to service the debt.

 
11

 
 
          Real estate which is acquired as a result of foreclosure is classified as real estate owned until sold. Real estate owned is recorded at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated selling costs. Costs associated with acquiring and improving a foreclosed property are usually capitalized to the extent that the carrying value does not exceed fair value less estimated selling costs. Holding costs are charged to expense. Gains and losses on the sale of real estate owned are charged to operations, as incurred.
 
          We account for our impaired loans under generally accepted accounting principles. An impaired loan generally is one for which it is probable, based on current information, that the lender will not collect all the amounts due under the contractual terms of the loan. Large groups of smaller balance, homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Loans collectively evaluated for impairment include smaller balance commercial real estate loans, residential real estate loans and consumer loans. These loans are evaluated as a group because they have similar characteristics and performance experience. Larger commercial real estate, construction and commercial business loans are individually evaluated for impairment. We had two impaired loans as of September 30, 2008 totaling $3.6 million. Both projects were experiencing delinquency problems and deterioration in the value of the real estate collateral securing the loan. There was one impaired loan as of September 30, 2007 for $2.0 million which was transferred to real estate owned during 2008.
 
          Federal regulations and our policies require that we utilize an internal asset classification system as a means of reporting problem and potential problem assets. We have incorporated an internal asset classification system, consistent with Federal banking regulations, as a part of our credit monitoring system. We currently classify problem and potential problem assets as “substandard,” “doubtful” or “loss” assets. An asset is considered “substandard” if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. “Substandard” assets include those characterized by the “distinct possibility” that the insured institution will sustain “some loss” if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets classified as “doubtful” have all of the weaknesses inherent in those classified “substandard” with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make “collection or liquidation in full,” on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, “highly questionable and improbable.” Assets classified as “loss” are those considered “uncollectible” and of such little value that their continuance as assets without the establishment of a specific loss reserve is not warranted. Assets which do not currently expose the insured institution to sufficient risk to warrant classification in one of the aforementioned categories but possess weaknesses are required to be designated “special mention.”
 
          When an insured institution classifies one or more assets, or portions thereof, as “substandard” or “doubtful,” it is required that a general valuation allowance for loan losses be established for loan losses in an amount deemed prudent by management. General valuation allowances represent loss allowances which have been established to recognize the inherent losses associated with lending activities, but which, unlike specific allowances, have not been allocated to particular problem assets. When an insured institution classifies one or more assets, or portions thereof, as “loss,” it is required either to establish a specific allowance for losses equal to 100% of the amount of the asset so classified or to charge off such amount.

 
12

 
 
          A savings institution’s determination as to the classification of its assets and the amount of its valuation allowances is subject to review by Federal and state bank regulators which can order the establishment of additional general or specific loss allowances. The Federal banking agencies, have adopted an interagency policy statement on the allowance for loan and lease losses. The policy statement provides guidance for financial institutions on both the responsibilities of management for the assessment and establishment of allowances and guidance for banking agency examiners to use in determining the adequacy of general valuation guidelines. Generally, the policy statement recommends that institutions have effective systems and controls to identify, monitor and address asset quality problems; that management analyze all significant factors that affect the collectibility of the portfolio in a reasonable manner; and that management establish acceptable allowance evaluation processes that meet the objectives set forth in the policy statement. In July 2001, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 102, “Selected Loan Loss Allowance Methodology and Documentation Issues.” The guidance contained in the SAB focuses on the documentation the SEC staff normally expects registrants to prepare and maintain in support of the allowance for loan and lease losses. Concurrent with the SEC’s issuance of SAB No. 102, the federal banking agencies, represented by the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (“FFIEC”), issued an interagency policy statement entitled “Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses Methodologies and Documentation for Banks and Savings Institutions” (Policy Statement). The SAB and Policy Statement were the result of an agreement between the SEC and the federal banking agencies in March 1999 and amended in 2006 to provide guidance on allowance for loan and lease losses methodologies and supporting documentation. Our allowance for loan losses includes a portion which is allocated by type of loan, based primarily upon our periodic reviews of the risk elements within the various categories of loans. The specific components relate to certain impaired loans. The general components covers non-classified loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors in responses to changes in risk and market conditions. Our management believes that, based on information currently available, its allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level which covers all known and inherent losses that are both probable and reasonably estimable at each reporting date. However, actual losses are dependent upon future events and, as such, further additions to the level of allowances for loan losses may become necessary.
 
          We review and classify assets on a quarterly basis and the board of directors is provided with monthly reports on our classified assets. We classify assets in accordance with the management guidelines described above. At September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, we had no assets classified as “doubtful” or “loss”, and $5.5 million, $2.0 million and $151,000, respectively, of assets classified as “substandard.” In addition, as of September 30, 2008 there were $6.4 million in loans designated as “special mention”. These assets were classified primarily due to slower than anticipated sales of residential construction loan properties due to current market conditions. We did not have any loans designated “special mention” as of September 30, 2007 and 2006.

 
13

 
 
          Delinquent Loans. The following table shows the delinquencies in our loan portfolio as of the dates indicated.
                                                 
   
September 30, 2008
   
September 30, 2007
 
   
30-89
Days Overdue
   
90 or More Days
Overdue
   
30-89
Days Overdue
   
90 or More Days
Overdue
 
   
Number
of Loans
   
Principal
Balance
   
Number
of Loans
   
Principal
Balance
   
Number
of Loans
   
Principal
Balance
   
Number
of Loans
   
Principal
Balance
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
                                                 
One- to four-family residential
    11     $ 838       4     $ 152       15     $ 1,502       4     $ 151  
Multi-family residential
                                               
Commercial real estate
    2       315       1       244                          
Construction and land development
    1       3,000                                      
Commercial business
                            1       1              
Consumer
    1       6                                      
Total delinquent loans
    15     $ 4,159       5     $ 396       16     $ 1,503       4     $ 151  
Delinquent loans to total net loans
    1.70 %             0.16 %                     0.68 %             0.07 %
Delinquent loans to total loans
    1.61 %             0.15 %                     0.59 %             0.06 %
                                                                 
                                                                 
 
          Non-Performing Loans and Real Estate Owned. The following table sets forth information regarding our non-performing loans and real estate owned. Our general policy is to cease accruing interest on loans, other than single-family residential loans, which are 90 days or more past due and to reverse all accrued interest. During the fourth fiscal quarter of 2008, two construction loans for $3.6 million were placed in non-accrual status. As of September 30, 2007, one construction loan for $2.0 million was in non-accrual status.

 
14

 
 
          The following table shows the amounts of our non-performing assets (defined as non-accruing loans, accruing loans 90 days or more past due and real estate owned) at the dates indicated.
                               
   
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Non-accruing loans:
                             
One- to four-family residential
  $     $     $     $     $  
Multi-family residential
                             
Commercial real estate
                             
Construction and land development
    3,640       2,022                    
Commercial business
                             
Consumer
                             
Total non-accruing loans
    3,640       2,022                    
Accruing loans 90 days or more past due:
                                       
One- to four-family residential
    152       502       151       240       478  
Multi-family residential
                             
Commercial real estate
    244                          
Construction
                             
Commercial business
            69                    
Consumer
                            1  
Total accruing loans 90 days or more past due
    396       571       151       240       479  
Total non-performing loans(1)
    4,036       2,593       151       240       479  
Real estate owned, net(2)
    1,488                   360       548  
Total non-performing assets
  $ 5,524     $ 2,593     $ 151     $ 600     $ 1,027  
Total non-performing loans as a percentage of loans, net
    1.65 %     1.18 %     0.07 %     0.14 %     0.32 %
Total non-performing loans as a percentage of total assets
    0.82 %     0.55 %     0.03 %     0.05 %     0.12 %
Total non-performing assets as a percentage of total assets
    1.13 %     0.55 %     0.03 %     0.13 %     0.25 %
 
 
(1)
Non-performing loans consist of non-accruing loans plus accruing loans 90 days or more past due.
     
  (2) Real estate owned balances are shown net of related loss allowances and consists solely of real property.
 
          Interest income on impaired loans other than non-accrual loans is recognized on an accrual basis. Interest income on non-accrual loans is recognized only as collected. There was no such interest recognized for fiscal 2008 or 2007.
 
          Property acquired by Prudential Savings Bank through foreclosure is initially recorded at the lower of cost, which is the lesser of the carrying value of the loan or fair value at the date of acquisition, or the fair value of the related assets at the date of foreclosure, less estimated costs to sell. Thereafter, if there is a further deterioration in value, we charge earnings for the diminution in value. Our policy is to obtain an appraisal on real estate subject to foreclosure proceedings prior to the time of foreclosure if the property is located outside our market area or consists of other than single-family residential property. We may obtain re-appraisals on a periodic basis on foreclosed properties. We also conduct inspections on foreclosed properties.
 
          As of September 30, 2008 the real estate owned balance was $1.5 million representing a deed in lieu of foreclosure for one single-family construction loan and is recorded at the lower or cost or market.

 
15

 
 
          As of September 30, 2007, we held no real estate owned. During fiscal 2006, a real estate owned property was sold at a pre-tax gain of approximately $106,000.
 
          Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses. We maintain the allowance at a level believed, to the best of management’s knowledge, to cover all known and inherent losses in the portfolio that are both probable and reasonable to estimate at each reporting date. Management reviews the allowance for loan losses on no less than a quarterly basis in order to identify those inherent losses and to assess the overall collection probability for the loan portfolio. For each primary type of loan, we establish a loss factor reflecting our estimate of the known and inherent losses in such loan type using both a quantitative analysis as well as consideration of qualitative factors. Our evaluation process includes, among other things, an analysis of delinquency trends, non-performing loan trends, the level of charge-offs and recoveries, prior loss experience, total loans outstanding, the volume of loan originations, the type, size and geographic concentration of our loans, the value of collateral securing the loan, the borrower’s ability to repay and repayment performance, the number of loans requiring heightened management oversight, local economic conditions and industry experience. In addition, each loan type is assigned a rating based on the assumed risk elements of such loan types. Such risk ratings are periodically reviewed by management and revised as deemed appropriate.
 
          We consider commercial real estate loans, commercial business loans, and land acquisition, development and construction loans to be riskier than one- to four-family residential mortgage loans. Commercial real estate loans entail significant additional credit risks compared to one- to four-family residential mortgage loans, as they involve large loan balances concentrated with single borrowers or groups of related borrowers. In addition, the payment experience on loans secured by income-producing properties typically depends on the successful operation of the related real estate project and/or business operation of the borrower who is also the primary occupant, and thus may be subject to a greater extent to adverse conditions in the real estate market and in the general economy. Commercial business loans involve a higher risk of default than residential loans of like duration since their repayment is generally dependent on the successful operation of the borrower’s business and the sufficiency of collateral, if any. Land acquisition, development and construction lending exposes us to greater credit risk than permanent mortgage financing. The repayment of land acquisition, development and construction loans depends upon the sale of the property to third parties or the availability of permanent financing upon completion of all improvements. In the event we make an acquisition loan on property that is not yet approved for the planned development, there is the risk that approvals will not be granted or will be delayed. These events may adversely affect the borrower and the collateral value of the property. Development and construction loans also expose us to the risk that improvements will not be completed on time in accordance with specifications and projected costs. In addition, the ultimate sale or rental of the property may not occur as anticipated. All of these factors are considered as part of the underwriting, structuring and pricing of the loan.
 
          The carrying value of loans is periodically evaluated and the allowance is adjusted accordingly. The establishment of the allowance for loan losses is significantly affected by management judgment and uncertainties and there is a likelihood that different amounts would be reported under different conditions or assumptions. Various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review our allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require us to make additional provisions for estimated loan losses based upon judgments different from those of management. As of September 30, 2008, our allowance for loan losses was 0.62% of total loans receivable and 39.4% of non-performing loans. The amount of the allowance at each of the dates set forth in the tables on the following page consisted of general reserves with the exception of specific reserves of $529,000 and $370,000 as of September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 
16

 
 
          Charge-offs on loans totaled $504,000, $2,000 and $-0- for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The charge-off in the 2008 period represented a portion of one construction loan which was transferred to real estate owned during fiscal 2008.
 
          We will continue to monitor and modify our allowance for loan losses as conditions dictate. No assurances can be given that our level of allowance for loan losses will cover all of the inherent losses on our loans or that future adjustments to the allowance for loan losses will not be necessary if economic and other conditions differ substantially from the economic and other conditions used by management to determine the current level of the allowance for loan losses.
 
The following table shows changes in our allowance for loan losses during the periods presented.
                               
   
At or For the Year Ended September 30,
 
                               
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Total loans outstanding at end of period
  $ 258,501     $ 235,742     $ 256,140     $ 201,438     $ 173,442  
Average loans outstanding
    227,662       221,262       197,913       163,166       142,348  
Allowance for loan losses, beginning of period
    1,011       618       558       558       553  
Provision (recovery) for loan losses
    1,084       395       60             50  
Charge-offs:
                                       
One- to four-family residential
          2                    
Multi-family residential and commercial real estate
                            50  
Construction
    504                         28  
Commercial business
                               
Consumer
                             
Total charge-offs
    504       2                   78  
Recoveries on loans previously charged off
                            33  
Allowance for loan losses, end of period
  $ 1,591     $ 1,011     $ 618     $ 558     $ 558  
                                         
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of total loans
    0.62 %     0.43 %     0.24 %     0.28 %     0.32 %
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of non-performing loans
    39.42 %     38.97 %     409.66 %     223.47 %     116.49 %
Ratio of net charge-offs during the period to average loans outstanding during the period
    0.22 %                       0.03 %
   
   
* Not meaningful

 
17

 
 
          The following table shows how our allowance for loan losses is allocated by type of loan at each of the dates indicated.
                                                             
   
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
 
 
 
Amount
of
Allowance
   
Loan
Category
as a %
of Total
Loans
   
Amount
of
Allowance
   
Loan
Category
as a %
of Total
Loans
   
Amount
of
Allowance
   
Loan
Category
as a %
of Total
Loans
   
Amount
of
Allowance
   
Loan
Category
as a %
of Total
Loans
   
Amount
of
Allowance
   
Loan
Category
as a %
of Total
Loans
 
   
 (Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family residential
  $ 155       74.02 %   $ 186       67.85 %   $ 148       60.69 %   $ 163       67.22 %   $ 182       70.92 %
Multi-family residential
    4       1.08 %     22       1.85 %     23       1.98 %     13       1.26 %     16       1.83 %
Commercial real estate
    106       7.94 %     179       7.64 %     102       4.42 %     98       4.90 %     44       2.53 %
Construction and land development
    1,323       16.49 %     610       22.24 %     343       32.33 %     227       25.86 %     197       22.69 %
Commercial business
    1       0.18 %     12       0.07 %     2       0.09 %     2       0.09 %     29       1.70 %
Consumer
    2       0.29 %     2       0.35 %           0.49 %     1       0.67 %     1       0.33 %
Unallocated
                                        54             89        
Total allowance for loan losses
  $ 1,591       100.00 %   $ 1,011       100.00 %   $ 618       100.00 %   $ 558       100.00 %   $ 558       100.00 %
 
          Our aggregate allowance for loan losses increased by $580,000 from September 30, 2007 to September 30, 2008 due primarily to a $158,000 increase in specific reserves on loans determined to be impaired and a $422,000 increase in the general reserve. The Company established specific reserves totaling $529,000 on two construction loans that were deemed to be impaired in 2008 due to the borrowers' non-compliance with the terms of the loans exacerbated by the corresponding deterioration in the value of the real estate collateral for the loans, as compared to $370,000 on one construction loan at September 30, 2007, which loan was foreclosed on and transferred into real estate owned during 2008. The increase in the Company's general reserves of $423,000 was mainly the result of an increase in allowance related to construction and land development loans. The increase in the allowance was determined based on management's consideration of the current credit risk in the portfolio as well as current qualitative and quantitative risk factors and was attributable primarily to the increase in the balance of the portfolio of classified and criticized construction loans as of September 30, 2008 as a result of the continued softening of the real estate market during 2008. Management's assessment of the risk of loss in the other categories of our portfolio was that such risk remained relatively consistent year over year. The allowance increased by $393,000 from September 30, 2006 to September 30, 2007 due primarily to the establishment of a specific reserve of $370,000 for the above referenced impaired construction loan that was transferred to real estate owned during 2008.
 
Investment Activities
 
          General. We invest in securities in accordance with policies approved by our board of directors. The investment policy designates our President, our Chief Financial Officer and our Treasurer as the Investment Committee, which committee is authorized by the board to make the Bank’s investments consistent with the investment policy. The board of directors of Prudential Savings Bank reviews all investment activity on a monthly basis.
 
          Our investment policy is designed primarily to manage the interest rate sensitivity of our assets and liabilities, to generate a favorable return without incurring undue interest rate and credit risk, to complement our lending activities and to provide and maintain liquidity. Our current investment policy generally permits securities investments in debt securities issued by the U.S. government and U.S. agencies, municipal bonds, and corporate debt obligations, as well as investments in preferred and common stock of government agencies and government sponsored enterprises such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (federal agency securities) and, to a lesser extent, other equity securities. Securities in these categories are classified as “investment securities” for financial reporting purposes. The policy also permits investments in mortgage-backed securities, including pass-through securities issued and guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae as well as collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”) issued or backed by securities issued by these government agencies.

 
18

 
 
          Ginnie Mae is a government agency within the Department of Housing and Urban Development which is intended to help finance government-assisted housing programs. Ginnie Mae securities are backed by loans insured by the Federal Housing Administration, or guaranteed by the Veterans Administration. The timely payment of principal and interest on Ginnie Mae securities is guaranteed by Ginnie Mae and backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. Freddie Mac is a private corporation chartered by the U.S. Government. Freddie Mac issues participation certificates backed principally by conventional mortgage loans. Freddie Mac guarantees the timely payment of interest and the ultimate return of principal on participation certificates. Fannie Mae is a private corporation chartered by the U.S. Congress with a mandate to establish a secondary market for mortgage loans. Fannie Mae guarantees the timely payment of principal and interest on Fannie Mae securities. Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, but because Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae are U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises, these securities are considered to be among the highest quality investments with minimal credit risks. On September 7, 2008 Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae were placed into conservatorship by the Federal Government.
 
          Also permitted are investments in privately issued mortgage-backed securities and CMOs. Investments in mortgage-backed securities involve a risk that actual prepayments will be greater than estimated prepayments over the life of the security, which may require adjustments to the amortization of any premium or accretion of any discount relating to such instruments thereby changing the net yield on such securities. There is also reinvestment risk associated with the cash flows from such securities or in the event such securities are redeemed by the issuer. In addition, the market value of such securities may be adversely affected by changes in interest rates. Further, privately issued mortgage-backed securities and CMO’s also have a higher risk of default due to adverse changes in the creditworthiness of the issuer. Our practice is generally to not investment in such securities, and our current portfolio is limited to the securities received as a result of the redemption in kind of our mutual fund. See further discussion in Notes 4 and 5.
 
          Our current investment strategy is to maintain our investment and mortgage-backed securities portfolio at a relatively consistent level due to concerns over the interest rate risk inherent in investing in long-term, fixed-rate residential mortgage loans in the low interest environment that has existed in recent years.
 
          At September 30, 2008, our investment and mortgage-backed securities amounted to $218.4 million or 44.6% of total assets at such date. The largest component of our securities portfolio in recent periods has been U.S. Government and agency obligations, which amounted to $123.4 million or 56.5% of the securities portfolio at September 30, 2008. In addition, we invest in mortgage-backed securities and to a significantly lesser degree, municipal securities and other securities.
 
          Approximately $4.0 million of U.S. Government and agency securities at September 30, 2008 were “step-up” securities. These securities require the issuer to pay increased interest rates in the future according to pre-determined schedules and formulas. Our portfolio currently contains securities that call for various interest rate increases at various repricing intervals. The repricing periods range from annually to every five years with interest rate adjustments ranging from 0.75% to 1.0%. In addition, these securities are callable at the option of the issuers. Although designed to protect the investor in a rising rate environment, the rate increases on these securities may not keep pace with rising interest rates in a rapidly rising interest rate environment. Also, because of the call feature, the securities may be called by the issuer at a time when we are not able to reinvest the proceeds of the called security at a rate comparable to that which we were earning on the security at the time it was called.

 
19

 
 
          Pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 115, our securities are classified as available for sale, held to maturity, or trading, at the time of acquisition. Securities classified as held to maturity must be purchased with the intent and ability to hold that security until its final maturity, and can be sold prior to maturity only under rare circumstances. Held to maturity securities are accounted for based upon the amortized cost of the security. Available for sale securities can be sold at any time based upon needs or market conditions. Available for sale securities are accounted for at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses on these securities, net of income tax provisions, reflected in retained earnings as accumulated other comprehensive income. At September 30, 2008, we had $123.0 million of investment securities classified as held to maturity, $2.9 million of investment securities classified as available for sale, $40.3 million of mortgage-backed securities classified as held to maturity, $52.2 million of mortgage-backed securities classified as available for sale, and no securities classified as trading account.
 
          We do not purchase mortgage-backed derivative instruments nor do we purchase corporate obligations which are not rated investment grade or better. However, certain investments acquired through the redemption in kind during 2008 are below investment grade.
 
          Our mortgage-backed securities consist primarily of mortgage pass-through certificates issued by the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA” or “Ginnie Mae”), Fannie Mae (“FNMA”) or Freddie Mac (“FHLMC”). Approximately 14.9% of the mortgage-backed securities were non-agency securities, all of which were acquired through the 2008 redemption in kind. See further discussion in Notes 4 and 5.
 
          The following table sets forth certain information relating to our investment and mortgage-backed securities portfolios at the dates indicated.
                                     
   
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
 
 
 
Amortized
Cost
   
Market
Value
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Market
Value
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Market
Value
 
       
   
(In Thousands)
 
Agency mortgage-backed securities
  $ 78,359     $ 78,230     $ 54,026     $ 52,762     $ 54,894     $ 54,142  
Non-agency mortgage backed securities
    15,048       13,765                          
U.S. Governnment and agency obligations
    123,572       121,183       135,331       134,251       132,198       129,675  
Municipal obligations
    2,450       2,434       2,450       2,411       2,884       2,853  
Mutual funds
                34,982       33,807       34,982       34,052  
Total
    219,429       215,612       226,789       223,231       224,958       220,722  
FHLB stock
    2,620       2,620       2,397       2,397       2,217       2,217  
FHLMC stock
    26       45       26       1,560       26       1,754  
FNMA stock
    1       1       1       7       1       7  
Total investment and mortgage-backed securities
  $ 222,076     $ 218,278     $ 229,213     $ 227,195     $ 227,202     $ 224,700  
         
 
20

 
 
          The following tables set forth the amount of investment and mortgage-backed securities which mature during each of the periods indicated and the weighted average yields for each range of maturities at September 30, 2008. Tax-exempt yields have not been adjusted to a tax-equivalent basis.
 
                                                 
   
Amounts at September 30, 2008 Which Mature In
 
 
 
 
One Year
or Less
   
Weighted
Average
Yield
   
Over One
Year
Through
Five Years
   
Weighted
Average
Yield
   
Over Five
Through
Ten Years
   
Weighted
Average
Yield
   
Over
Ten
Years
   
Weighted
Average
Yield
 
     
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
     
Bonds and other debt securities:
                                               
U.S. gov and agency oblig
  $           $ 4,000       4.56 %   $ 50,424       5.19 %   $ 69,148       5.48 %
Municipal obligations
                790       3.19 %     1,660       3.68 %            
Mortgage-backed securities
                2,322       5.23 %     19       6.85 %     91,066       6.08 %
Total
  $           $ 7,112       4.27 %   $ 52,103       5.14 %   $ 160,214       5.82 %
 
          The following table sets forth the composition of our mortgage-backed securities portfolio at each of the dates indicated. Securities were classified both held to maturity and available-for-sale in all three periods. The securities all bore fixed rates of interest in 2006. During 2007 and 2008, certain securities had variable rates of interest.
               
   
September 30,
 
   
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
   
(In Thousands) 
GNMA
  $ 55,649   $ 42,471   $ 46,991  
FHLMC
    3,312     1,693     1,920  
FNMA
    19,398     9,862     5,983  
Non-agency
    15,048          
Total mortgage-backed securities
  $ 93,407   $ 54,026   $ 54,894  
 
          Information regarding the contractual maturities and weighted average yield of our mortgage-backed securities portfolio at September 30, 2008 is presented below. Due to repayments of the underlying loans, the actual maturities of mortgage-backed securities generally are substantially less than the scheduled maturities.
                           
   
Amounts at September 30, 2008 Which Mature In
 
 
 
 
One Year
or Less
 
Weighted
Average
Yield
 
Over One
through
Five Years
 
Weighted
Average
Yield
 
Over Five
Years
 
Weighted
Average
Yield
 
   
  (Dollars in Thousands) 
GNMA
  $       $       $ 55,649     5.32 %
FHLMC
            1,499     4.50 %   1,813     6.17 %
FNMA
                    19,398     5.54 %
Non-agency
            823     6.48 %   14,225     9.77 %
Total
  $       $ 2,322     5.20 % $ 91,085     6.08 %

 
21

 
 
          The following table sets forth the purchases, and principal repayments of our mortgage-backed securities at amortized cost during the periods indicated. An other than temporary impairment charge of $726,000 was recognized during 2008.
             
 
At or For the
Year Ended September 30,
             
 
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
 
(Dollars in Thousands)
Mortgage-backed securities at beginning of period
$ 54,026   $ 54,894   $ 66,828  
Purchases
  23,324     6,762     4,610  
Securities acquired through redemption in kind
  24,755          
Other than temporary impairment of securities
  (726 )        
Maturities and repayments
  (8,270 )   (8,009 )   (12,011 )
Sales
          (4,564 )
Amortizations of premiums and discounts, net
  298     379     31  
Mortgage-backed securities at end of period
$ 93,407   $ 54,026   $ 54,894  
Weighted average yield at end of period
  6.06 %   5.16 %   5.09 %
 
Sources of Funds
 
          General. Deposits, loan repayments and prepayments, proceeds from sales of loans, cash flows generated from operations and FHLB advances are the primary sources of our funds for use in lending, investing and for other general purposes.
 
          Deposits. We offer a variety of deposit accounts with a range of interest rates and terms. Our deposits consist of checking, both interest-bearing and non-interest-bearing, money market, savings and certificate of deposit accounts. At September 30, 2008, 42.9% of the funds deposited with Prudential Savings Bank were in core deposits, which are deposits other than certificates of deposit.
 
          The flow of deposits is influenced significantly by general economic conditions, changes in money market rates, prevailing interest rates and competition. Our deposits are obtained predominantly from the areas where our branch offices are located. We have historically relied primarily on customer service and long-standing relationships with customers to attract and retain these deposits; however, market interest rates and rates offered by competing financial institutions significantly affect our ability to attract and retain deposits. The interest rates offered on our deposits are competitive in the market place and have increased over the past year as market rates have increased.
 
          Prudential Savings Bank uses traditional means of advertising its deposit products, including broadcast and print media and generally does not solicit deposits from outside its market area.
 
          We do not actively solicit certificate accounts of $100,000 and above, known as “jumbo CDs,” or use brokers to obtain deposits. At September 30, 2008, our jumbo CDs amounted to $66.7 million, of which $48.6 million are scheduled to mature within twelve months. At September 30, 2008, the weighted average remaining maturity of our certificate of deposit accounts was 13.0 months.

 
22

 
 
          The following table shows the distribution of, and certain other information relating to, our deposits by type of deposit, as of the dates indicated.
       
   
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
Amount
   
%
   
Amount
   
%
   
Amount
   
%
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
Certificate accounts:
                                   
2.00% - 2.99%
  $ 6,509       1.73 %   $           $ 617       0.18 %
3.00% - 3.99%
    58,617       15.56 %     14,745       4.16 %     30,933       8.91 %
4.00% - 4.99%
    89,650       23.79 %     36,827       10.40 %     70,410       20.27 %
5.00% - 5.99%
    60,314       16.00 %     138,993       39.26 %     69,642       20.05 %
Total certificate accounts
    215,090       57.08 %     190,565       53.82 %     171,602       49.41 %
Transaction accounts:
                                               
                                                 
Savings
    67,921       18.03 %     70,903       20.03 %     76,989       22.17 %
Checking:
                                               
Interest bearing
    25,403       6.74 %     26,806       7.57 %     29,675       8.55 %
Non-interest bearing
    1,932       0.51 %     2,089       0.59 %     4,528       1.30 %
Money market
    66,484       17.64 %     63,675       17.99 %     64,498       18.57 %
Total transaction accounts
    161,740       42.92 %     163,473       46.18 %     175,690       50.59 %
Total deposits
  $ 376,830       100.00 %   $ 354,038       100.00 %   $ 347,292       100.00 %
 
          The following table shows the average balance of each type of deposit and the average rate paid on each type of deposit for the periods indicated.
                                     
 
Year Ended September 30,
 
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
 
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Expense
 
Average
Rate Paid
 
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Expense
 
Average
Rate Paid
 
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Expense
 
Average
Rate Paid
 
(Dollars in Thousands)
Savings
$ 66,636   $ 1,681     2.52 % $ 71,815   $ 1,986     2.77 % $ 81,472   $ 2,458     3.02 %
Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts
  92,418     2,793     3.02 %   93,701     3,321     3.54 %   98,112     3,081     3.14 %
Certificate accounts
  204,981     8,922     4.35 %   181,604     7,944     4.37 %   156,869     5,304     3.38 %
Total interest-bearing deposits
  364,035   $ 13,396     3.68 %   347,120   $ 13,251     3.82 %   336,453   $ 10,843     3.22 %
                                                       
Non-interest bearing deposits
  4,824                 5,009                 3,789              
Total deposits
$ 368,859           3.63 % $ 352,129           3.76 % $ 340,242           3.19 %
 
 
23

 
 
The following table shows our savings flows during the periods indicated.
             
 
Year Ended September 30,
 
 
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
 
  (In Thousands) 
Total deposits
$ 497,527   $ 516,548   $ 488,409  
Total withdrawals
  (482,786 )   (518,719 )   (485,532 )
Interest credited
  8,051     8,916     7,948  
Total increase in deposits
$ 22,792   $ 6,745   $ 10,825  
 
          The following table presents, by various interest rate categories and maturities, the amount of certificates of deposit at September 30, 2008.
                               
 
 
 
Balance at September 30, 2008
Maturing in the 12 Months Ending September 30,
 
Certificates of Deposit
 
2009
   
2010
   
2011
   
Thereafter
   
Total
 
   
(In Thousands)
2.00% - 2.99%
  $ 6,509     $     $     $     $ 6,509  
3.00% - 3.99%
    51,111       4,920       2,560       27       58,618  
4.00% - 4.99%
    69,660       7,024       4,218       8,747       89,649  
5.00% - 5.99%
    29,413       489       13,052       17,360       60,314  
Total certificate accounts
  $ 156,693     $ 12,433     $ 19,830     $ 26,134     $ 215,090  
 
The following tables show the maturities of our certificates of deposit of $100,000 or more at September 30, 2008, by time remaining to maturity.
             
Quarter Ending:
 
Amount
   
Weighted
Avg Rate
 
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
December 31, 2008
  $ 16,944       4.14 %
March 31, 2009
    10,673       4.09 %
June 30, 2009
    17,633       4.03 %
September 30, 2009
    3,336       3.66 %
After September 30, 2009
    18,137       4.62 %
Total certificates of deposit with balances of $100,000 or more
  $ 66,723       4.21 %

 
24

 
 
          Borrowings. We utilize advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh as an alternative to retail deposits to fund our operations as part of our operating and liquidity strategy – See Liquidity and Capital Resources portion of the Management’s discussion and analysis section . These FHLB advances are collateralized primarily by certain of our mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities and secondarily by our investment in capital stock of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh. There are no specific credit covenants associated with these borrowings. FHLB advances are made pursuant to several different credit programs, each of which has its own interest rate and range of maturities. The maximum amount that the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh will advance to member institutions, including Prudential Savings Bank, fluctuates from time to time in accordance with the policies of the Federal Home Loan Bank. At September 30, 2008, we had $31.7 million in outstanding FHLB advances and $247.4 million of additional FHLB advances available. At such date, maturities range from one month to four years. We have not utilized any other types of borrowings such as securities sold under agreements to repurchase.
 
          The following table shows certain information regarding our borrowings at or for the dates indicated:
                   
   
At or For the Year Ended September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
 
 
(Dollars in Thousands)
FHLB advances:
                       
Average balance outstanding
  $ 27,638     $ 27,686     $ 19,628  
Maximum amount outstanding at any month-end during the period
    33,705       33,743       31,784  
Balance outstanding at end of period
    31,701       33,743       31,784  
Average interest rate during the period
    4.55 %     5.54 %     5.57 %
Weighted average interest rate at end of period
    3.98 %     5.26 %     5.49 %
 
          We have six FHLB advances made under a low-income housing program in which we participate. Four of the FHLB advances amortize over the period to maturity. Three of these advances are at an interest rate of 3.0% and one is at 2.0%. The other two FHLB advances bear a zero percent interest rate. The total of these six FHLB advances is $701,000. At September 30, 2008, repayments of $43,000 are due within one year as part of the program. Advances from the FHLB which are not part of the low-income housing program total $31.0 million, with interest rates ranging from 2.50% to 5.98% and maturities ranging from October 2008 to September 2010.

 
25

 
 
Subsidiaries
 
          The Company has only one direct subsidiary: Prudential Savings Bank. The Bank’s sole subsidiary as of September 30, 2008 was PSB Delaware, Inc. (“PSB”), a Delaware-chartered company established to hold certain investments of the Bank. As of September 30, 2008, PSB has assets of $97.1 million primarily consisting of mortgage backed securities. We may consider the establishment of one or more additional subsidiaries in the future.
 
Employees
 
          At September 30, 2008, we had 68 full-time employees, and four part-time employees. None of such employees are represented by a collective bargaining group, and we believe that our relationship with our employees is good.
 
REGULATION
 
          Set forth below is a brief description of certain laws relating to the regulation of Prudential Bancorp, Prudential Mutual Holding Company and Prudential Savings Bank. This description does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to applicable laws and regulations.
 
General
 
          Prudential Savings Bank as a Pennsylvania chartered savings bank with deposits insured by the Deposit Insurance Fund administered by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, is subject to extensive regulation and examination by the Pennsylvania Department of Banking and by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The federal and state laws and regulations applicable to banks regulate, among other things, the scope of their business, their investments, the reserves required to be kept against deposits, the timing of the availability of deposited funds and the nature and amount of and collateral for certain loans. This regulatory structure also gives the federal and state banking agencies extensive discretion in connection with their supervisory and enforcement activities and examination policies, including policies with respect to the classification of assets and the establishment of adequate loan loss reserves for regulatory purposes. The laws and regulations governing Prudential Savings Bank generally have been promulgated to protect depositors and not for the purpose of protecting shareholders.
 
          Federal law provides the federal banking regulators, including the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Federal Reserve Board, with substantial enforcement powers. This enforcement authority includes, among other things, the ability to assess civil money penalties, to issue cease-and-desist or removal orders, and to initiate injunctive actions against banking organizations and institution-affiliated parties, as defined. In general, these enforcement actions may be initiated for violations of laws and regulations and unsafe or unsound practices. Other actions or inactions may provide the basis for enforcement action, including misleading or untimely reports filed with regulatory authorities. Any change in such regulation, whether by the Pennsylvania Department of Banking, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board or the United States Congress, could have a material impact on us and our operations.
 
          Prudential Bancorp and Prudential Mutual Holding Company are registered as bank holding companies under the Bank Holding Company Act and are subject to regulation and supervision by the Federal Reserve Board and by the Pennsylvania Department of Banking. Prudential Bancorp and Prudential Mutual Holding Company file annually a report of their operations with, and are subject to examination by, the Federal Reserve Board and the Pennsylvania Department of Banking. This regulation and oversight is generally intended to ensure that Prudential Bancorp and Prudential Mutual Holding Company limit their activities to those allowed by law and that they operate in a safe and sound manner without endangering the financial health of Prudential Savings Bank.
 
 
26

 

 
          In connection with the reorganization completed in March 2005, Prudential Bancorp registered its common stock with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Prudential Bancorp is subject to the proxy and tender offer rules, insider trading reporting requirements and restrictions, and certain other requirements under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Prudential Bancorp’s common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “PBIP.” The Nasdaq Stock Market listing requirements impose additional requirements on us, including, among other things, rules relating to corporate governance and the composition and independence of our board of directors and various committees of the board, such as the audit committee.
 
Regulation of Prudential Bancorp and Prudential Mutual Holding Company
 
          Bank Holding Company Act Activities and Other Limitations. Under the Bank Holding Company Act, Prudential Bancorp and Prudential Mutual Holding Company must obtain the prior approval of the Federal Reserve Board before they may acquire control of another bank or bank holding company, merge or consolidate with another bank holding company, acquire all or substantially all of the assets of another bank or bank holding company, or acquire direct or indirect ownership or control of any voting shares of any bank or bank holding company if, after such acquisition, Prudential Bancorp and Prudential Mutual Holding Company would directly or indirectly own or control more than 5% of such shares.
 
          Federal statutes impose restrictions on the ability of a bank holding company and its nonbank subsidiaries to obtain extensions of credit from its subsidiary bank, on the subsidiary bank’s investments in the stock or securities of the holding company, and on the subsidiary bank’s taking of the holding company’s stock or securities as collateral for loans to any borrower. A bank holding company and its subsidiaries are also prevented from engaging in certain tie-in arrangements in connection with any extension of credit, lease or sale of property, or furnishing of services by the subsidiary bank.
 
          A bank holding company is required to serve as a source of financial and managerial strength to its subsidiary banks and may not conduct its operations in an unsafe or unsound manner. In addition, it is the policy of the Federal Reserve Board that a bank holding company should stand ready to use available resources to provide adequate capital to its subsidiary banks during periods of financial stress or adversity and should maintain the financial flexibility and capital-raising capacity to obtain additional resources for assisting its subsidiary banks. A bank holding company’s failure to meet its obligations to serve as a source of strength to its subsidiary banks will generally be considered by the Federal Reserve Board to be an unsafe and unsound banking practice or a violation of the Federal Reserve Board regulations, or both.
 
          Non-Banking Activities. The business activities of Prudential Bancorp and Prudential Mutual Holding Company, as bank holding companies, are restricted by the Bank Holding Company Act. Under the Bank Holding Company Act and the Federal Reserve Board’s bank holding company regulations, bank holding companies may only engage in, or acquire or control voting securities or assets of a company engaged in,
     
 
banking or managing or controlling banks and other subsidiaries authorized under the Bank Holding Company Act; and
     
 
any Bank Holding Company Act activity the Federal Reserve Board has determined to be so closely related that it is incidental to banking or managing or controlling banks.

 
27

 

          The Federal Reserve Board has determined by regulation that certain activities are closely related to banking including operating a mortgage company, finance company, credit card company, factoring company, trust company or savings association; performing certain data processing operations; providing limited securities brokerage services; acting as an investment or financial advisor; acting as an insurance agent for certain types of credit-related insurance; leasing personal property on a full-payout, non-operating basis; providing tax planning and preparation services; operating a collection agency; and providing certain courier services. However, as discussed below, certain other activities are permissible for a bank holding company that becomes a financial holding company.
 
          Financial Modernization. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act permits greater affiliation among banks, securities firms, insurance companies, and other companies under a new type of financial services company known as a “financial holding company.” A financial holding company essentially is a bank holding company with significantly expanded powers. Financial holding companies are authorized by statute to engage in a number of financial activities previously impermissible for bank holding companies, including securities underwriting, dealing and market making; sponsoring mutual funds and investment companies; insurance underwriting and agency; and merchant banking activities. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act also permits the Federal Reserve Board and the Treasury Department to authorize additional activities for financial holding companies if they are “financial in nature” or “incidental” to financial activities. A bank holding company may become a financial holding company if each of its subsidiary banks is well capitalized, well managed, and has at least a “satisfactory” Community Reinvestment Act rating. A financial holding company must provide notice to the Federal Reserve Board within 30 days after commencing activities previously determined by statute or by the Federal Reserve Board and Department of the Treasury to be permissible. Prudential Bancorp and Prudential Mutual Holding Company have not submitted notices to the Federal Reserve Board of their intent to be deemed financial holding companies. However, they are not precluded from submitting a notice in the future should they wish to engage in activities only permitted to financial holding companies.
 
          Regulatory Capital Requirements. The Federal Reserve Board has adopted capital adequacy guidelines pursuant to which it assesses the adequacy of capital in examining and supervising a bank holding company and in analyzing applications to it under the Bank Holding Company Act. The Federal Reserve Board’s capital adequacy guidelines for Prudential Bancorp, on a consolidated basis, are similar to those imposed on Prudential Savings Bank by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. See “-Regulation of Prudential Savings Bank - Regulatory Capital Requirements.”
 
          Restrictions on Dividends. Prudential Bancorp’s ability to declare and pay dividends may depend in part on dividends received from Prudential Savings Bank. The Pennsylvania Banking Code regulates the distribution of dividends by savings banks and states, in part, that dividends may be declared and paid out of accumulated net earnings, provided that the bank continues to meet its surplus requirements. In addition, dividends may not be declared or paid if Prudential Savings Bank is in default in payment of any assessment due the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
 
          A Federal Reserve Board policy statement on the payment of cash dividends states that a bank holding company should pay cash dividends only to the extent that the holding company’s net income for the past year is sufficient to cover both the cash dividends and a rate of earnings retention that is consistent with the holding company’s capital needs, asset quality and overall financial condition. The Federal Reserve Board also indicated that it would be inappropriate for a company experiencing serious financial problems to borrow funds to pay dividends. Furthermore, under the federal prompt corrective action regulations, the Federal Reserve Board may prohibit a bank holding company from paying any dividends if the holding company’s bank subsidiary is classified as “undercapitalized.” See “-Regulation of Prudential Savings Bank - Prompt Corrective Action,” below.

 
28

 
 
          Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. On July 30, 2002, President George W. Bush signed into law the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which generally establishes a comprehensive framework to modernize and reform the oversight of public company auditing, improve the quality and transparency of financial reporting by those companies and strengthen the independence of auditors. Among other things, the new legislation (i) created a public company accounting oversight board which is empowered to set auditing, quality control and ethics standards, to inspect registered public accounting firms, to conduct investigations and to take disciplinary actions, subject to SEC oversight and review; (ii) strengthened auditor independence from corporate management by, among other things, limiting the scope of consulting services that auditors can offer their public company audit clients; (iii) heightened the responsibility of public company directors and senior managers for the quality of the financial reporting and disclosure made by their companies; (iv) adopted a number of provisions to deter wrongdoing by corporate management; (v) imposed a number of new corporate disclosure requirements; (vi) adopted provisions which generally seek to limit and expose to public view possible conflicts of interest affecting securities analysts; and (vii) imposed a range of new criminal penalties for fraud and other wrongful acts, as well as extended the period during which certain types of lawsuits can be brought against a company or its insiders.
 
          As a smaller reporting company, the Company is not required to provide the registered public accounting firm’s attestation report on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting until it files an annual report for a fiscal year ending on or after December 15, 2009. Management’s assessment of internal control over financial reporting is included in section 9A.
 
          Restrictions Applicable to Mutual Holding Companies. While regulations governing Pennsylvania-chartered mutual holding companies have not been adopted, under authority of Section 115.1 of the Pennsylvania Banking Code of 1965, as amended, and a policy statement issued by the Pennsylvania Department of Banking, the Department approved the reorganization of Prudential Saving Bank to the mutual holding company form of organization.
 
          Pursuant to Pennsylvania law, a mutual holding company may engage only in the following activities:
     
 
investing in the stock of one or more financial institution subsidiaries;
     
 
acquiring one or more additional financial institution subsidiaries into a subsidiary of the holding company;
     
 
merging with or acquiring another holding company, one of whose subsidiaries is a financial institution subsidiary;
     
 
investing in a corporation the capital stock of which is available for purchase by a savings bank under federal law or under the Pennsylvania Banking Code;
     
 
engaging in such activities as are permitted, by statute or regulation, to a holding company of a federally chartered insured mutual institution under federal law; and
     
 
engaging in such other activities as may be permitted by the Pennsylvania Department of Banking.
     
          If a mutual holding company acquires or merges with another holding company, the holding company acquired or the holding company resulting from such merger or acquisition may only invest in assets and engage in activities listed above, and has a period of two years to cease any non-conforming activities and divest of any non-conforming investments.

 
29

 
 
          The mutual holding company will be subject to such regulations as the Pennsylvania Department of Banking may prescribe. No mutual holding company regulations have been issued to date by the Department.
 
Regulation of Prudential Savings Bank
 
          Pennsylvania Savings Bank Law. The Pennsylvania Banking Code contains detailed provisions governing the organization, location of offices, rights and responsibilities of directors, officers, and employees, as well as corporate powers, savings and investment operations and other aspects of Prudential Savings Bank and its affairs. The code delegates extensive rule-making power and administrative discretion to the Pennsylvania Department of Banking so that the supervision and regulation of state-chartered savings banks may be flexible and readily responsive to changes in economic conditions and in savings and lending practices.
 
          The Pennsylvania Banking Code also provides that state-chartered savings banks may engage in any activity permissible for a federal savings association, subject to regulation by the Pennsylvania Department of Banking. The Federal Deposit Insurance Act, however, prohibits Prudential Savings Bank from making new investments, loans, or becoming involved in activities as principal and equity investments which are not permitted for national banks unless:
     
 
the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation determines the activity or investment does not pose a significant risk of loss to the Deposit Insurance Fund; and
     
 
Prudential Savings Bank meets all applicable capital requirements.
 
Accordingly, the additional operating authority provided to Prudential Savings Bank by the Pennsylvania Banking Code is significantly restricted by the Federal Deposit Insurance Act.
 
          Insurance of Accounts. The deposits of Prudential Savings Bank are insured to the maximum extent permitted by the Deposit Insurance Fund, which is administered by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. As insurer, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation is authorized to conduct examinations of, and to require reporting by, insured institutions. It also may prohibit any insured institution from engaging in any activity the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation determines by regulation or order to pose a serious threat to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation also has the authority to initiate enforcement actions against savings institutions.
 
          Each Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured institutions is assigned to one of three capital groups which are based solely on the level of an institution’s capital - “well capitalized,” “adequately capitalized” and “undercapitalized” - which are defined in the same manner as the regulations establishing the prompt corrective action system discussed below. These three groups are then divided into three subgroups which reflect varying levels of supervisory concern, from those which are considered to be healthy to those which are considered to be of substantial supervisory concern. The matrix so created results in various assessment risk classifications, with rates effective January 1, 2007 ranging from five basis points for well capitalized, healthy institutions, such as Prudential Savings Bank, to 43 basis points for undercapitalized institutions with substantial supervisory concerns. Prudential Savings Bank currently is considered well capitalized and currently has a 6.32 basis point assessment rate.
 
 
30

 
 
          On October 16, 2008, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation published a restoration plan designed to replenish the Deposit Insurance Fund over a period of five years and to increase the deposit insurance reserve ratio, which decreased to 1.01% of insured deposits on June 30, 2008, to the statutory minimum of 1.15% of insured deposits by December 31, 2013. In order to implement the restoration plan, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation proposed to change both its risk-based assessment system and its base assessment rates.
 
          On December 16, 2008, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation adopted the final rule increasing risk-based assessment rates uniformly by 7 basis points (7 cents for every $100 of deposits), on an annual basis, effective January 1, 2009. The changes to the risk-based assessment system are expected to be addressed in early 2009, to take effect beginning in the second quarter of 2009. The proposed changes are intended to make deposit insurance assessments fairer by requiring riskier institutions to pay a larger share. Such changes would include increasing premiums for institutions that rely on excessive amounts of brokered deposits, including CDARS, increasing premiums for excessive use of secured liabilities, including Federal Home Loan Bank advances, lowering premiums for smaller institutions with very high capital levels, and adding financial ratios and debt issuer ratings to the premium calculations for banks with over $10 billion in assets, while providing a reduction for their unsecured debt.
 
          In addition to the deposit insurance assessment, all institutions with deposits insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation are required to pay assessments to fund interest payments on bonds issued by the Financing Corporation, a mixed-ownership government corporation established to recapitalize the predecessor to the Savings Association Insurance Fund. The assessment rate for the fourth quarter of 2008 was .0100% of insured deposits and is adjusted quarterly. These assessments will continue until the Financing Corporation bonds mature in 2019.
 
          The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation may terminate the deposit insurance of any insured depository institution, including Prudential Savings Bank, if it determines after a hearing that the institution has engaged or is engaging in unsafe or unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, or has violated any applicable law, regulation, order or any condition imposed by an agreement with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. It also may suspend deposit insurance temporarily during the hearing process for the permanent termination of insurance, if the institution has no tangible capital. If insurance of accounts is terminated, the accounts at the institution at the time of the termination, less subsequent withdrawals, shall continue to be insured for a period of six months to two years, as determined by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Management is aware of no existing circumstances which would result in termination of Prudential Savings Bank’s deposit insurance.
 
          Deposit Insurance Reform. On February 8, 2006, President George W. Bush signed into law (“FDI Reform Act of 2005”) legislation that merged the Bank Insurance Fund and the Savings Association Insurance Fund to form the Deposit Insurance Fund, eliminated any disparities in bank and thrift risk-based premium assessments, reduced the administrative burden of maintaining and operating two separate funds and established certain new insurance coverage limits and a mechanism for possible periodic increases. The legislation also gave the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation greater discretion to identify the relative risks all institutions present to the Deposit Insurance Fund and set risk-based premiums.
 
          Major provisions in the legislation include:
     
 
merging the Savings Association Insurance Fund and Bank Insurance Fund, which became effective March 31, 2006;
 
 
31

 
 
 
maintaining basic deposit and municipal account insurance coverage at $100,000 but providing for a new basic insurance coverage for retirement accounts of $250,000. Insurance coverage for basic deposit and retirement accounts could be increased for inflation every five years in $10,000 increments beginning in 2011;
     
 
providing the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation with the ability to set the designated reserve ratio within a range of between 1.15% and 1.50%, rather than maintaining 1.25% at all times regardless of prevailing economic conditions;
     
 
providing a one-time assessment credit of $4.7 billion to banks and savings associations in existence on December 31, 1996, which may be used to offset future premiums with certain limitations; and
     
 
requiring the payment of dividends of 100% of the amount that the insurance fund exceeds 1.5% of the estimated insured deposits and the payment of 50% of the amount that the insurance fund exceeds 1.35% of the estimated insured deposits (when the reserve is greater than 1.35% but no more than 1.5%).
 
          The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation has also adopted a risk-based premium system that provides for quarterly assessments based on an insured institution’s ranking in one of four risk categories based upon supervisory and capital evaluations. Beginning in 2007, well-capitalized institutions (generally those with CAMELS composite ratings of 1 or 2) were grouped in Risk Category I and were assessed for deposit insurance at an annual rate of between five and seven basis points. The assessment rate for an individual institution is determined according to a formula based on a weighted average of the institution’s individual CAMEL component ratings plus either five financial ratios or, in the case of an institution with assets of $10.0 billion or more, the average ratings of its long-term debt. Institutions in Risk Categories II, III and IV will be assessed at annual rates of 10, 28 and 43 basis points, respectively. Prudential Savings Bank has been able to offset its deposit insurance premium for a portion of fiscal 2008 with the special assessment credit. Although the Bank remains in the lowest risk tier for the assessment, we will most likely experience additional deposit insurance expense in future periods due to the FDI Reform Act of 2005 and pending legislation to increase the coverage on accounts.
 
          Regulatory Capital Requirements. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation has promulgated capital adequacy requirements for state-chartered banks that, like Prudential Savings Bank, are not members of the Federal Reserve Board System. The capital regulations establish a minimum 3% Tier 1 leverage capital requirement for the most highly rated state-chartered, non-member banks, with an additional cushion of at least 100 to 200 basis points for all other state-chartered, non-member banks, which effectively increases the minimum Tier 1 leverage ratio for such other banks to 4% to 5% or more. Under the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s regulations, the highest-rated banks are those that the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation determines are not anticipating or experiencing significant growth and have well diversified risk, including no undue interest rate risk exposure, excellent asset quality, high liquidity, good earnings and, in general, which are considered a strong banking organization, rated composite 1 under the Uniform Financial Institutions Rating System. Tier 1, or leverage capital, is defined as the sum of common shareholders’ equity, including retained earnings, noncumulative perpetual preferred stock and related surplus, and minority interests in consolidated subsidiaries, minus all intangible assets other than certain purchased mortgage servicing rights and purchased credit card relationships.

 
32

 
 
          The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s regulations also require that state-chartered, non-member banks meet a risk-based capital standard. The risk-based capital standard requires the maintenance of total capital, defined as Tier 1 capital and supplementary (Tier 2) capital, to risk weighted assets of 8%. In determining the amount of risk-weighted assets, all assets, plus certain off balance sheet assets, are multiplied by a risk-weight of 0% to 100%, based on the risks the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation believes are inherent in the type of asset or item. The components of Tier 1 capital for the risk-based standards are the same as those for the leverage capital requirement. The components of supplementary (Tier 2) capital include cumulative perpetual preferred stock, mandatory subordinated debt, perpetual subordinated debt, intermediate-term preferred stock, up to 45% of unrealized gains on equity securities and a portion of a bank’s allowance for loan losses. Allowance for loan losses includable in supplementary capital is limited to a maximum of 1.25% of risk-weighted assets. Overall, the amount of supplementary capital that may be included in total capital is limited to 100% of Tier 1 capital.
 
          A bank that has less than the minimum leverage capital requirement is subject to various capital plan and activities restriction requirements. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s regulations also provide that any insured depository institution with a ratio of Tier 1 capital to total assets that is less than 2.0% is deemed to be operating in an unsafe or unsound condition pursuant to Section 8(a) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and could be subject to potential termination of deposit insurance.
 
          On December 16, 2008, the federal banking and thrift regulatory agencies approved a final rule to permit a financial institution to reduce the amount of goodwill it must deduct from tier 1 capital by any associated deferred tax liability. Under the final rule, the regulatory capital deduction for goodwill will be equal to the maximum capital reduction that could occur as a result of a complete write-off of the goodwill under generally accepted accounting principles. Financial institutions may adopt these provisions for purposes of regulatory capital reporting for the period ending December 31, 2008. Prudential Savings Bank does not expect that the rule will have a significant impact on Prudential Bancorp’s consolidated financial statements.
 
          Prudential Savings Bank is also subject to minimum capital requirements imposed by the Pennsylvania Department of Banking on Pennsylvania chartered depository institutions. Under the Pennsylvania Department of Banking’s capital regulations, a Pennsylvania bank or savings association must maintain a minimum leverage ratio of Tier 1 capital, as defined under the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s capital regulations, to total assets of 4%. In addition, the Pennsylvania Department of Banking has the supervisory discretion to require a higher leverage ratio for any institution or association based on inadequate or substandard performance in any of a number of areas. The Pennsylvania Department of Banking incorporates the same Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation risk-based capital requirements in its regulations.
 
          At September 30, 2008 Prudential Savings Bank exceeded all of its regulatory capital requirements, with leverage and total risk-based capital ratios of 13.22% and 29.66%, respectively.
 
          Prompt Correction Action. The following table shows the amount of capital associated with the different capital categories set forth in the prompt correction action regulations.
               
Capital Category
 
Total
Risk-Based Capital
 
Tier 1
Risk-Based Capital
 
Tier 1
Leverage Capital
 
Well capitalized
 
10% or more
 
6% or more
 
5% or more
 
Adequately capitalized
 
8% or more
 
4% or more
 
4% or more
 
Undercapitalized
 
Less than 8%
 
Less than 4%
 
Less than 4%
 
Significantly undercapitalized
 
Less than 6%
 
Less than 3%
 
Less than 3%
 
 
 
33

 
 
          In addition, an institution is “critically undercapitalized” if it has a ratio of tangible equity to total assets that is equal to or less than 2.0%. Under specified circumstances, a federal banking agency may reclassify a well capitalized institution as adequately capitalized and may require an adequately capitalized institution or an undercapitalized institution to comply with supervisory actions as if it were in the next lower category, except that the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation may not reclassify a significantly undercapitalized institution as critically undercapitalized.
 
          An institution generally must file a written capital restoration plan which meets specified requirements within 45 days of the date that the institution receives notice or is deemed to have notice that it is undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized or critically undercapitalized. A federal banking agency must provide the institution with written notice of approval or disapproval within 60 days after receiving a capital restoration plan, subject to extensions by the agency. An institution which is required to submit a capital restoration plan must concurrently submit a performance guaranty by each company that controls the institution. In addition, undercapitalized institutions are subject to various regulatory restrictions, and the appropriate federal banking agency also may take any number of discretionary supervisory actions.
 
          At September 30, 2008, Prudential Savings Bank was deemed a well capitalized institution for purposes of the above regulations and as such is not subject to the above mentioned restrictions.
 
          The table below sets forth the Company and the Bank’s capital position relative to its regulatory capital requirements at September 30, 2008.
                                                 
 
 
 
Actual
   
Required for Capital
Adequacy Purposes
   
To Be
Well Capitalized
Under Prompt
Corrective Action
Provisions
   
Excess Over
Well Capitalized
Provisions
 
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
 
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
Total risk-based capital
                                               
Company
  $ 71,166       32.12 %   $ 17,722       8.00 %     N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A  
Bank
    65,708       29.66       17,722       8.00     $ 22,153       10.00 %   $ 43,555       19.66 %
Tier 1 risk-based capital
                                                               
Company
    69,566       31.40       8,861       4.00       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A  
Bank
    64,108       28.94       8,861       4.00       13,292       6.00       50,816       22.94  
Tier 1 leverage capital
                                                               
Company
    69,566       14.58       19,091       4.00       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A  
Bank
    64,108       13.22       19,395       4.00       24,244       5.00       39,864       8.22  
 
          Affiliate Transaction Restrictions. Federal laws strictly limit the ability of banks to engage in transactions with their affiliates, including their bank holding companies. Such transactions between a subsidiary bank and its parent company or the nonbank subsidiaries of the bank holding company are limited to 10% of a bank subsidiary’s capital and surplus and, with respect to such parent company and all such nonbank subsidiaries, to an aggregate of 20% of the bank subsidiary’s capital and surplus. Further, loans and extensions of credit generally are required to be secured by eligible collateral in specified amounts. Federal law also requires that all transactions between a bank and its affiliates be on terms as favorable to the bank as transactions with non-affiliates.
 
          Federal Home Loan Bank System. Prudential Savings Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh, which is one of 12 regional Federal Home Loan Banks. Each Federal Home Loan Bank serves as a reserve or central bank for its members within its assigned region. It is funded primarily from funds deposited by member institutions and proceeds from the sale of consolidated obligations of the Federal Home Loan Bank System. It makes loans to members (i.e., advances) in accordance with policies and procedures established by the board of directors of the Federal Home Loan Bank. At September 30, 2008, Prudential Savings Bank had $31.7 million in FHLB advances.

 
34

 
 
          As a member, Prudential Savings Bank is required to purchase and maintain stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh in an amount equal to the greater of 1% of its aggregate unpaid residential mortgage loans, home purchase contracts or similar obligations at the beginning of each year or 5% of its outstanding advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank. At September 30, 2008, Prudential Savings Bank had $2.6 million in stock of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh which was in compliance with this requirement.
 
          Federal Reserve Board System. The Federal Reserve Board requires all depository institutions to maintain non-interest bearing reserves at specified levels against their transaction accounts, which are primarily checking and NOW accounts, and non-personal time deposits. The balances maintained to meet the reserve requirements imposed by the Federal Reserve Board may be used to satisfy the liquidity requirements that are imposed by the Pennsylvania Department of Banking. At September 30, 2008, Prudential Savings Bank was in compliance with these reserve requirements.
 
Dividend Waivers By Prudential Mutual Holding Company
 
          It has been the policy of a number of mutual holding companies to waive the receipt of dividends declared by their subsidiary companies. In connection with its approval of the reorganization, however, the Federal Reserve Board imposed certain conditions on the waiver by Prudential Mutual Holding Company of dividends paid on the common stock by Prudential Bancorp. In particular, the Federal Reserve Board requires that Prudential Mutual Holding Company obtain the prior approval of the Federal Reserve Board before Prudential Mutual Holding Company may waive any dividends from Prudential Bancorp. As of the date hereof, we are not aware that the Federal Reserve Board has given its approval to any waiver of dividends by any mutual holding company that has requested such approval.
 
          The Federal Reserve Board approval of the reorganization also required that the amount of any dividends waived by Prudential Mutual Holding Company will not be available for payment to the public stockholders of Prudential Bancorp (i.e., shareholders except for Prudential Mutual Holding Company) and that such amounts will be excluded from Prudential Bancorp’s capital for purposes of calculating dividends payable to the public shareholders. Moreover, Prudential Savings Bank would be required to maintain the cumulative amount of dividends waived by Prudential Mutual Holding Company in a restricted capital account that would be added to the liquidation account established in the reorganization. This amount would not be available for distribution to public stockholders. The restricted capital account and liquidation account amounts would not be reflected in Prudential Savings Bank’s financial statements, but would be considered as a notational or memorandum account of Prudential Savings Bank. These accounts would be maintained in accordance with the laws, rules, regulations and policies of the Pennsylvania Banking Department and the plan of reorganization. The plan of reorganization also provides that if Prudential Mutual Holding Company converts to stock form in the future (commonly referred to as a second step reorganization), any waived dividends would reduce the percentage of the converted company’s shares of common stock issued to public shareholders in connection with any such transaction.
 
          Prudential Mutual Holding Company does not expect to seek the prior approval of the Federal Reserve Board to waive dividends declared by Prudential Bancorp. If Prudential Mutual Holding Company decides that it is in its best interest to waive a particular dividend to be paid by Prudential Bancorp and the Federal Reserve Board approves such waiver, then Prudential Bancorp would pay such dividend only to its public shareholders. The amount of the dividend waived by Prudential Mutual Holding Company would be treated in the manner described above. Prudential Mutual Holding Company’s decision as to whether or not to waive a particular dividend will depend on a number of factors, including Prudential Mutual Holding Company’s capital needs, the investment alternatives available to Prudential Mutual Holding Company as compared to those available to Prudential Bancorp, and the possibility of regulatory approvals.

 
35

 
 
TAXATION
 
Federal Taxation
 
          General. Prudential Bancorp, Prudential Mutual Holding Company and Prudential Savings Bank are subject to federal income taxation in the same general manner as other corporations with some exceptions listed below. The following discussion of federal, state and local income taxation is only intended to summarize certain pertinent income tax matters and is not a comprehensive description of the applicable tax rules. Prudential Savings Bank’s federal and state income tax returns for taxable years through September 30, 2004 have been closed for purposes of examination by the Internal Revenue Service or the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue.
 
          Prudential Bancorp files a consolidated federal income tax return with Prudential Savings Bank and its subsidiary, PSB Delaware, Inc. Accordingly, any cash distributions made by Prudential Bancorp to its shareholders will be treated as cash dividends and not as a non-taxable return of capital to shareholders for federal and state tax purposes.
 
          Method of Accounting. For federal income tax purposes, Prudential Bancorp and Prudential Savings Bank report income and expenses on the accrual method of accounting and file their federal income tax return on a fiscal year basis.
 
          Bad Debt Reserves. The Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996 eliminated the use of the reserve method of accounting for bad debt reserves by savings associations, effective for taxable years beginning after 1995. Prior to that time, Prudential Savings Bank was permitted to establish a reserve for bad debts and to make additions to the reserve. These additions could, within specified formula limits, be deducted in arriving at taxable income. As a result of the Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996, savings associations must use the specific charge-off method in computing their bad debt deduction beginning with their 1996 federal tax return. In addition, federal legislation required the recapture over a six year period of the excess of tax bad debt reserves at December 31, 1995 over those established as of December 31, 1987.
 
          Taxable Distributions and Recapture. Prior to the Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996, bad debt reserves created prior to January 1, 1988 were subject to recapture into taxable income if Prudential Savings Bank failed to meet certain thrift asset and definitional tests. New federal legislation eliminated these savings association related recapture rules. However, under current law, pre-1988 reserves remain subject to recapture should Prudential Savings Bank make certain non-dividend distributions or cease to maintain a bank charter.
 
          At September 30, 2008, the total federal pre-1988 reserve was approximately $6.6 million. The reserve reflects the cumulative effects of federal tax deductions by Prudential Savings Bank for which no federal income tax provisions have been made.
 
          Alternative Minimum Tax. The Internal Revenue Code imposes an alternative minimum tax at a rate of 20% on a base of regular taxable income plus certain tax preferences. The alternative minimum tax is payable to the extent such alternative minimum tax income is in excess of the regular income tax. Net operating losses, of which Prudential Savings Bank has none, can offset no more than 90% of alternative minimum taxable income. Certain payments of alternative minimum tax may be used as credits against regular tax liabilities in future years. Prudential Savings Bank has not been subject to the alternative minimum tax.

 
36

 
 
          Net Operating Loss Carryovers. For net operating losses in tax years beginning before August 6, 1997, Prudential Savings Bank may carry back net operating losses to the three years preceding the loss year and then forward to fifteen years following the loss years. For net operating losses in years beginning after August 5, 1997, net operating losses can be carried back to the two years preceding the loss year and forward to the 20 years following the loss year. At September 30, 2008, Prudential Savings Bank had no net operating loss carry forwards for federal income tax purposes even though a book loss was recorded for the period.
 
          Corporate Dividends Received Deduction. Prudential Bancorp may exclude from its income 100% of dividends received from Prudential Savings Bank as a member of the same affiliated group of corporations. The corporate dividends received deduction is 80% in the case of dividends received from corporations which a corporate recipient owns less than 80%, but at least 20% of the distribution corporation. Corporations which own less than 20% of the stock of a corporation distributing a dividend may deduct only 70% of dividends received.
 
State and Local Taxation
 
          Pennsylvania Taxation. Prudential Bancorp is subject to the Pennsylvania Corporate Net Income Tax, Capital Stock and Franchise Tax. The Corporation Net Income Tax rate for 2008 is 9.99% and is imposed on unconsolidated taxable income for federal purposes with certain adjustments. In general, the Capital Stock and Franchise Tax is a property tax imposed on a corporation’s capital stock value at a statutorily defined rate, such value being determined in accordance with a fixed formula based upon average net income and net worth.
 
          Prudential Savings Bank is subject to tax under the Pennsylvania Mutual Thrift Institutions Tax Act, as amended to include thrift institutions having capital stock. Pursuant to the Mutual Thrift Institutions Tax, the tax rate is 11.50%. The Mutual Thrift Institutions Tax exempts Prudential Savings Bank from other taxes imposed by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania for state income tax purposes and from all local taxation imposed by political subdivisions, except taxes on real estate and real estate transfers. The Mutual Thrift Institutions Tax is a tax upon net earnings, determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles with certain adjustments. The Mutual Thrift Institutions Tax, in computing income according to generally accepted accounting principles, allows for the deduction of interest earned on state and federal obligations, while disallowing a percentage of a thrift’s interest expense deduction in the proportion of interest income on those securities to the overall interest income of Prudential Savings Bank. Net operating losses, if any, thereafter can be carried forward three years for Mutual Thrift Institutions Tax purposes.
 
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
 
          In analyzing whether to make or to continue an investment in our securities, investors should consider, among other factors, the following risk factors.
 
Our business may be adversely affected by downturns in the local economies on which we depend or by natural disasters occurring in our market area that could adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition.

 
37

 
 
          Our business is directly affected by market conditions, trends in industry and finance, legislative and regulatory changes, and changes in governmental monetary and fiscal policies and inflation, all of which are beyond our control. In 2007, the housing and real estate sectors experienced an economic slowdown that has continued into 2008. A sustained weakness or weakening in business and economic conditions generally or specifically in the principal markets in which we do business could have one or more of the following adverse impacts on our business:
   
A decrease in the demand for loans and other products and services offered by us;
   
An increase or decrease in the usage of unfunded commitments; or
   
An increase in the number of our customers and counterparties who become delinquent, file for protection under bankruptcy laws or default on their loans or other obligations to us. An increase in the number of delinquencies, bankruptcies or defaults could result in a higher level of nonperforming assets, net charge-offs, provision for loan losses.
 
FDIC insurance premiums may increase materially.
 
          The FDIC insures deposits at FDIC insured financial institutions, including Prudential Bancorp, Inc. of Pennsylvania. The FDIC charges the insured financial institutions premiums to maintain the Deposit Insurance Fund at a certain level. Current economic conditions have increased bank failures and expectations for further failures, in which case the FDIC ensures payments of deposits up to insured limits from the Deposit Insurance Fund. In December 2008, the FDIC adopted a rule that would increase premiums paid by insured institutions and make other changes to the assessment system. Increases in deposit insurance premiums could adversely affect our net income.
 
Concern of customers over deposit insurance may cause a decrease in deposits at the Company.
 
          With recent increased concerns about bank failures, customers increasingly are concerned about the extent to which their deposits are insured by the FDIC. Customers may withdraw deposits from the Company in an effort to ensure that the amount they have on deposit at Prudential Savings Bank is fully insured. Decreases in deposits may adversely affect our funding costs and net income.
 
We may suffer losses in our loan portfolio despite our underwriting practices.
 
          We seek to mitigate the risks inherent in our loan portfolio by adhering to specific underwriting practices. Although we believe that our underwriting criteria are appropriate for the various kinds of loans we make, we may incur losses on loans that meet our underwriting criteria, and these losses may exceed the amounts set aside as reserves in our allowance for loan losses.
 
Our Portfolio of Loans With a Higher Risk of Loss Is Increasing
 
          In recent years, we have increased our originations or purchases of construction and land development loans. These loans have a higher risk of default and loss than single-family residential mortgage loans. Construction and land development loans total $42.6 million, or 16.5% of total loans as of September 30, 2008. Construction and land development loans generally have a higher risk of loss than single-family residential mortgage loans. The risk of loss on construction and land development loans depends largely upon the accuracy of the initial estimate of the property’s value at completion of construction compared to the estimated cost, including interest, of construction and other assumptions. Furthermore, if the estimates of value prove to be inaccurate, we can be confronted with projects, when completed, having values less than the loan amounts. In addition, such loans have significantly higher average loan balances compared to single-family residential mortgage loans. Consequently, an adverse development with respect to one loan or credit relationship could expose us to a significantly greater risk of loss compared to an adverse development with respect to a single-family residential mortgage loan. We may also be required to increase our allowance for loan losses both due to actual losses or the increase in the estimated loss inherent in our portfolio which would reduce our net income. We have also originated or committed to originate substantially larger construction loans in recent periods and our portfolio of such loans is not seasoned.

 
38

 
 
Downturns in the real estate markets in our primary market area could adversely impact our business.
 
Our business activities and credit exposure are primarily concentrated in our primary market area of the Philadelphia Metropolitan area. Our residential loan portfolio, our commercial real estate and multi-family loan portfolio and a certain number of our other loans have been affected by the downturn in the residential real estate market. We anticipate that further declines in the real estate markets in our primary market area will hurt our business. As of September 30, 2008, substantially all of our loan portfolio consisted of loans secured by real estate located in Pennsylvania and Southern New Jersey. If real estate values continue to decline the collateral for our loans will provide less security. As a result, our ability to recover on defaulted loans by selling the underlying real estate will be diminished, and we would be more likely to suffer losses on defaulted loans. The events and conditions described in this risk factor could therefore have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
If our allowance for loan losses is not sufficient to cover actual loan losses, our earnings will decrease.
 
          Like all financial institutions, every loan we make carries a risk that it will not be repaid in accordance with its terms or that any collateral securing it will not be sufficient to assure repayment. This risk is affected by, among other things:
   
Cash flow of the borrower and/or the project being financed;
   
In the case of a collateralized loan, the changes and uncertainties as to the future value of the collateral;
   
The credit history of a particular borrower;
   
Changes in economic and industry conditions; and
   
The duration of the loan.
 
          Regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, review our loans and allowance for loan losses. Although we believe our loan loss allowance is adequate to absorb probable losses in our loan portfolio, we cannot predict these losses or whether our allowance will be adequate or that regulators will not require us to increase this allowance. Any of these occurrences could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, prospects and profitability.
 
We may be required to make further increases in our provisions for loan losses and to charge off additional loans in the future, which could adversely affect our results of operations.
 
          We seek to mitigate the risks inherent in our loan portfolio by adhering to specific underwriting practices. Although we believe that our underwriting criteria are appropriate for the various kinds of loans we make, we may incur losses on loans that meet our underwriting criteria, and these losses may exceed the amounts set aside as reserves in our allowance for loan losses.
 
We are exposed to credit risk in our lending activities.
 
          There are inherent risks associated with our lending and trading activities. Loans to individuals and business entities, our single largest asset group, depend for repayment on the willingness and ability of borrowers to perform as contracted. A material adverse change in the ability of a significant portion of our borrowers to meet their obligation to us, due to changes in economic conditions, interest rates, natural disaster, acts of war, or other causes over which we have no control, could adversely impact the ability of borrowers to repay outstanding loans or the value of the collateral securing these loans, and could have a material adverse impact on our earnings and financial condition.

 
39

 
 
Changes in interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our operations.
 
          The operations of financial institutions such as ours are dependent to a large extent on net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on interest-earning assets such as loans and investment securities and the interest expense paid on interest-bearing liabilities such as deposits and borrowings. Changes in the general level of interest rates can affect our net interest income by affecting the difference between the weighted average yield earned on our interest-earning assets and the weighted average rate paid on our interest-bearing liabilities, or interest rate spread, and the average life of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Changes in interest rates also can affect our ability to originate loans; the value of our interest-earning assets and our ability to realize gains from the sale of such assets; our ability to obtain and retain deposits in competition with other available investment alternatives; and the ability of our borrowers to repay adjustable or variable rate loans. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary policies, domestic and international economic and political conditions and other factors beyond our control. Although we believe that the estimated maturities of our interest-earning assets currently are well balanced in relation to the estimated maturities of our interest-bearing liabilities (which involves various estimates as to how changes in the general level of interest rates will impact these assets and liabilities), there can be no assurance that our profitability would not be adversely affected during any period of changes in interest rates.
 
We are subject to extensive regulation which could adversely affect our business and operations.
 
          We and our subsidiaries are subject to extensive federal and state governmental supervision and regulation, which are intended primarily for the protection of depositors. In addition, we and our subsidiaries are subject to changes in federal and state laws, as well as changes in regulations, governmental policies and accounting principles. The effects of any such potential changes cannot be predicted but could adversely affect the business and operations of us and our subsidiaries in the future.
 
Our funding sources may prove insufficient to replace deposits and support our future growth.
 
          We rely on customer deposits and advances from the FHLB and other borrowings to fund our operations. Although we have historically been able to replace maturing deposits and advances if desired, no assurance can be given that we would be able to replace such funds in the future if our financial condition or the financial condition of the FHLB or market conditions were to change. Our financial flexibility will be severely constrained if we are unable to maintain our access to funding or if adequate financing is not available to accommodate future growth at acceptable interest rates. Finally, if we are required to rely more heavily on more expensive funding sources to support future growth, our revenues may not increase proportionately to cover our costs. In this case, our profitability would be adversely affected.
 
          Although we consider such sources of funds adequate for our liquidity needs as we have $247.4 million in additional borrowings available to us, we may seek additional higher-cost debt in the future to achieve our long-term business objectives in the event the FHLB borrowings were unavailable. Additional borrowings, if sought, may not be available to us or, if available, may not be available on favorable terms. If additional financing sources are unavailable or are not available on reasonable terms, our growth and future prospects could be adversely affected.

 
40

 
 
We face strong competition which may adversely affect our profitability.
 
          We are subject to vigorous competition in all aspects and areas of our business from banks and other financial institutions, including savings and loan associations, savings banks, finance companies, credit unions and other providers of financial services, such as money market mutual funds, brokerage firms, consumer finance companies and insurance companies. We also compete with non-financial institutions, including retail stores that maintain their own credit programs and governmental agencies that make available low cost or guaranteed loans to certain borrowers. Certain of our competitors are larger financial institutions with substantially greater resources, lending limits, larger branch systems and a wider array of commercial banking services. Competition from both bank and non-bank organizations will continue.
 
Our ability to successfully compete may be reduced if we are unable to make technological advances.
 
          The banking industry is experiencing rapid changes in technology. In addition to improving customer services, effective use of technology increases efficiency and enables financial institutions to reduce costs. As a result, our future success will depend in part on our ability to address our customers’ needs by using technology. We cannot assure you that we will be able to effectively develop new technology-driven products and services or be successful in marketing these products to our customers. Many of our competitors have far greater resources than we have to invest in technology.
 
We and our banking subsidiary are subject to capital and other requirements which restrict our ability to pay dividends.
 
          Our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders may depend upon the dividends we receive from Prudential Savings Bank. Dividends paid by the Bank are subject to restrictions under Pennsylvania and federal laws and regulations. In addition, Prudential Savings Bank must maintain certain capital levels, which may restrict the ability of the Bank to pay dividends to us and our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders.
 
Holders of our common stock have no preemptive rights and are subject to potential dilution.
 
          Our articles of incorporation do not provide any shareholder with a preemptive right to subscribe for additional shares of common stock upon any increase thereof. Thus, upon the issuance of any additional shares of common stock or other voting securities of Prudential Bancorp or securities convertible into common stock or other voting securities, shareholders may be unable to maintain their pro rata voting or ownership interest in us.
 
We may elect or be compelled to seek additional capital in the future, but that capital may not be available when it is needed.
 
          We are required by federal regulatory authorities to maintain adequate levels of capital to support our operations. In addition, we may elect to raise additional capital to support our business or to finance acquisitions, if any, or we may otherwise elect to raise additional capital. In that regard, a number of financial institutions have recently raised considerable amounts of capital as a result of a deterioration in their results of operations and financial condition arising from the turmoil in the mortgage loan market, deteriorating economic conditions, declines in real estate values and other factors. Should we be required by regulatory authorities to raise additional capital, we may seek to do so through the issuance of, among other things, our common stock or preferred stock. Our ability to raise additional capital, if needed, will depend on conditions in the capital markets, economic conditions and a number of other factors, many of which are outside our control, and on our financial performance. Accordingly, we cannot assure you of our ability to raise additional capital if needed or on terms acceptable to us. If we cannot raise additional capital when needed, it may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

 
41

 
 
Risks Related to the U.S. Financial Industry
 
There can be no assurance that recently enacted legislation and other measures undertaken by the Treasury, the Federal Reserve and other governmental agencies will help stabilize the U.S. financial system or improve the housing market.
 
          On October 3, 2008, President Bush signed into law the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (the “EESA”), which, among other measures, authorized the Treasury Secretary to establish the Troubled Asset Relief Program (“TARP”). EESA gives broad authority to Treasury to purchase, manage, modify, sell and insure the troubled mortgage related assets that triggered the current economic crisis as well as other “troubled assets.” EESA includes additional provisions directed at bolstering the economy, including:
   
Authority for the Federal Reserve to pay interest on depository institution balances
   
Mortgage loss mitigation and homeowner protection
   
Temporary increase in Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance coverage from $100,000 to $250,000 through December 31, 2009; and
   
Authority to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) to suspend mark-to-market accounting requirements for any issuer or class of category of transactions.
 
          Pursuant to the TARP, the Treasury has the authority to, among other things, purchase up to $700 billion (of which $250 billion is currently available) of mortgages, mortgage-backed securities and certain other financial instruments from financial institutions for the purpose of stabilizing and providing liquidity to the U.S. financial markets. Shortly following the enactment of EESA, the Treasury created a capital purchase program, pursuant to which it is providing access to capital to financial institutions through a standardized program to acquire preferred stock (accompanied by warrants) from eligible financial institutions that will serve as Tier I capital.
 
          EESA also contains a number of significant employee benefit and executive compensation provisions, some of which apply to employee benefit plans generally, and others which impose on financial institutions that participate in the TARP program restrictions on executive compensation.
 
          EESA followed, and has been followed by, numerous actions by the Federal Reserve, Congress, Treasury, the SEC and others to address the current liquidity and credit crisis that has followed the sub-prime meltdown that commenced in 2007. These measures include homeowner relief that encourage loan restructuring and modification; the establishment of significant liquidity and credit facilities for financial institutions and investment banks; the lowering of the federal funds rate, including two 50 basis point decreases in October of 2008; emergency action against short selling practices; a temporary guaranty program for money market funds; the establishment of a commercial paper funding facility to provide back-stop liquidity to commercial paper issuers; coordinated international efforts to address illiquidity and other weaknesses in the banking sector.
 
          In addition, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) has issued an unprecedented wave of guidance in response to the credit crisis, including a relaxation of limits on the ability of financial institutions that undergo an “ownership change” to utilize their pre-change net operating losses and net unrealized built-in losses. The relaxation of these limits may make significantly more attractive the acquisition of financial institutions whose tax basis in their loan portfolios significantly exceeds the fair market value of those portfolios.

 
42

 
 
          On October 14, 2008, the FDIC announced the establishment of a temporary liquidity guarantee program to provide full deposit insurance for all non-interest bearing transaction accounts and guarantees of certain newly issued senior unsecured debt issued by FDIC-insured institutions and their holding companies. Insured institutions are automatically covered by this program for the period commencing October 14, 2008 and will continue to be covered as long as they do not opt out of the program by December 5, 2008. Under the program, the FDIC will guarantee timely payment of newly issued senior unsecured debt issued on or before June 30, 2009. The debt includes all newly issued unsecured senior debt (e.g., promissory notes, commercial paper and inter-bank funding). The aggregate coverage for an institution may not exceed 125% of its debt outstanding on September 30, 2008 that was scheduled to mature before June 30, 2009, or, for certain insured institutions, 2% of liabilities as of September 30, 2008. The guarantee will extend to June 30, 2012 even if the maturity of the debt is after that date. First Federal will participate in the transaction account guarantee program and has opted out of the debt guarantee program.
 
          The actual impact that EESA and such related measures undertaken to alleviate the credit crisis will have generally on the financial markets, including the extreme levels of volatility and limited credit availability currently being experienced, is unknown. The failure of such measures to help stabilize the financial markets and a continuation or worsening of current financial market conditions could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, access to credit or the trading price of our common stock. Finally, there can be no assurance regarding the specific impact that such measures may have on us—or whether (or to what extent) we will be able to benefit from such programs.
 
Difficult market conditions have adversely affected our industry.
 
          We are particularly exposed to downturns in the U.S. housing market. Dramatic declines in the housing market over the past year, with falling home prices and increasing foreclosures, unemployment and under-employment, have negatively impacted the credit performance of mortgage loans and securities and resulted in significant write-downs of asset values by financial institutions, including government-sponsored entities, major commercial and investment banks, and regional financial institutions such as our Company. Reflecting concern about the stability of the financial markets generally and the strength of counterparties, many lenders and institutional investors have reduced or ceased providing funding to borrowers, including to other financial institutions. This market turmoil and tightening of credit have led to an increased level of commercial and consumer delinquencies, lack of consumer confidence, increased market volatility and widespread reduction of business activity generally. The resulting economic pressure on consumers and lack of confidence in the financial markets have adversely affected our business, financial condition and results of operations. We do not expect that the difficult conditions in the financial markets are likely to improve in the near future. A worsening of these conditions would likely exacerbate the adverse effects of these difficult market conditions on us and others in the financial institutions industry. In particular, we may face the following risks in connection with these events:
   
We expect to face increased regulation of our industry. Compliance with such regulation may increase our costs and limit our ability to pursue business opportunities.
   
Our ability to assess the creditworthiness of our customers may be impaired if the models and approaches we use to select, manage and underwrite our customers become less predictive of future behaviors.
   
The process we use to estimate losses inherent in our credit exposure requires difficult, subjective and complex judgments, including forecasts of economic conditions and how these economic predictions might impair the ability of our borrowers to repay their loans, which may no longer be capable of accurate estimation which may, in turn, impact the reliability of the process.
 

 
43

 
 
Our ability to borrow from other financial institutions on favorable terms or at all could be adversely affected by further disruptions in the capital markets or other events, including actions by rating agencies and deteriorating investor expectations.
   
Competition in our industry could intensify as a result of the increasing consolidation of financial services companies in connection with current market conditions.
   
We may be required to pay significantly higher deposit insurance premiums because market developments have significantly depleted the insurance fund of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and reduced the ratio of reserves to insured deposits.
 
Current levels of market volatility are unprecedented.
 
          The capital and credit markets have been experiencing volatility and disruption for more than a year. In recent months, the volatility and disruption has reached unprecedented levels. In some cases, the markets have produced downward pressure on stock prices and credit availability for certain issuers without regard to those issuers’ underlying financial strength. If current levels of market disruption and volatility continue or worsen, our ability to access capital may be adversely affected which, in turn, could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
Regulation by federal and state agencies could adversely affect the business, revenue and profit margins.
 
          We are heavily regulated by the Pennsylvania Department of Banking and by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. This regulation is to protect depositors, the Federal Deposit Insurance Fund and the banking system as a whole. Congress and state legislatures and federal and state regulatory agencies continually review banking laws, regulations, and policies for possible changes. Changes to statutes, regulations, or regulatory policies, including interpretation or implementation of statutes, regulations, or policies, could affect us adversely, including limiting the types of financial services and products we may offer and/or increasing the ability of nonbanks to offer competing financial services and products. Also, if we do not comply with laws, regulations, or policies, we could receive regulatory sanctions and damage to our reputation.
 
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
 
          Not applicable.

 
44

 
 
Item 2. Properties
 
          We currently conduct business from our main office and six banking offices. The following table sets forth the net book value of the land, building and leasehold improvements and certain other information with respect to the our offices at September 30, 2008. All the offices are owned by us with the exception of the Old City Branch.
 
                       
Description/Address
 
Leased/Owned
 
Date of
Lease
Expiration
   
Net Book
Value
of Property
   
Amount of
Deposits
 
               
 (In Thousands)
Main Office
 
Owned
    N/A     $ 507     $ 195,690  
1834 Oregon Avenue
                           
Philadelphia, PA 19145-4725
                           
                             
Snyder Branch
 
Owned
    N/A       6       25,131  
2101 South 19th Street
                           
Philadelphia, PA 19145-3709
                           
                             
Center City Branch
 
Owned
    N/A       18       29,265  
112 South 19th Street
                           
Philadelphia, PA 19103-4667
                           
                             
Broad Street Branch
 
Owned
    N/A       233       53,194  
1722 South Broad Street
                           
Philadelphia, PA 19145-2388
                           
                             
Pennsport Branch
 
Owned
    N/A       58       38,746  
238A Moore Street
                           
Philadelphia, PA 19148-1925
                           
                             
Drexel Hill Branch
 
Owned
    N/A       91       31,253  
601 Morgan Avenue
                           
Drexel Hill, PA 19026-3105
                           
                             
Old City Branch
 
Leased
 
May 2009
      437       3,551  
28 North 3rd Street
                           
Philadelphia, PA 19106-2108
                           
 
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
 
          On October 4, 2006, Stilwell Value Partners I, L.P. (“Stilwell”), a shareholder in Prudential Bancorp, Inc. of Pennsylvania (the “Company”), filed suit, (the “lawsuit”) in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania against the Company, Prudential Mutual Holding Company (the “MHC”), and each of the directors of the Company and the MHC seeking injunctions preventing MHC from participating in any shareholder vote to consider the adoption, by the Company, of proposed stock option and stock recognition and retention plans (collectively, the “Stock Plans”) or, if injunctions were not entered, damages.
 
          On November 7, 2008, the Company, the Bank and the MHC (the Company, the Bank and the MHC are referred to collectively as “Prudential”) entered into a Settlement Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Stilwell, Stilwell Partners, L.P., Stilwell Value LLC, Joseph Stilwell and John Stilwell (collectively, the “Stilwell Group”) terminating the Lawsuit brought by Stilwell against Prudential and providing mutual releases by the parties with respect to all claims.

 
45

 
 
          Under the terms of the Agreement, the Stilwell Group has, among other things, agreed to support and vote in favor of the Company’s adoption of a stock option plan and a management recognition and retention plan (collectively, the “Stock Benefit Plans”).
 
          The Prudential boards of directors have determined that Prudential will, subject to the exercise of fiduciary duties and its evaluation of market conditions (which currently are not favorable but which are expected to improve over the next several years), undertake a reorganization from the current mutual holding company form to the stock holding company form of organization (a “Second-Step Conversion”) no later than the Company’s Annual Meeting of Shareholders for 2013. A Second Step Conversion is an integral part of Prudential’s long-term strategic plan.
 
          Prudential also has agreed to repurchase – subject to market conditions, Prudential’s capital needs and the fiduciary duties of Prudential’s boards of directors – at least 1,357,116 additional shares of the Company’s common stock by September 30, 2011 (the “Repurchase Program”). In the event Prudential does not complete the Repurchase Program by September 30, 2011, it will either adopt a plan of conversion to effect a Second-Step Conversion or appoint a representative to Prudential’s boards of directors who is nominated by Stilwell. Such nominee must be reasonably acceptable to Prudential as well as be a resident of Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, or Philadelphia Counties, Pennsylvania or Camden County, New Jersey and have significant financial expertise and/or banking experience. In connection with the Repurchase Program, in the event that the market price for the Company’s common stock reaches certain levels, Prudential has the option to purchase as much as 520,000 shares from the Stilwell Group. The Company has also agreed to repurchase additional shares as necessary to fund the Stock Benefits Plans. The Stilwell Group has announced that it may sell, from time to time, in open market transactions, shares of Company common stock.
 
          The Settlement Agreement also provides that the Stilwell Group will not, among other things, propose or seek to effect a merger or sale of the Company, initiate litigation against Prudential, solicit proxies in opposition to any recommendations or proposals of the Company’s board of directors or seek to exercise any control or influence over Prudential’s management. The parties have agreed not to make any public statement that reflects negatively on the other.
 
          The Company is involved in various legal proceedings occurring in the ordinary course of business. Management of the Company, based on discussions with litigation counsel, does not believe that such proceedings will have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or operations of the Company. There can be no assurance that any of the outstanding legal proceedings to which the Company is a party will not be decided adversely to the Company’s interests and have a material adverse effect on the financial condition and operations of the Company.
 
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
 
          Not applicable.

 
46

 
 
PART II
 
Item 5.                      Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
 
          (a)          Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Market (NASDAQ) under the symbol “PBIP”. At November 14, 2008, there were approximately 287 registered shareholders of record, not including the number of persons or entities whose stock is held in nominee or “street” name through various brokerage firms and banks.
 
The following graph demonstrates comparison of the cumulative total returns for the common stock of Prudential Bancorp, the NASDAQ Composite Index, the SNL Securities MHC Thrift Index and the SNL Securities Thrift Index for the periods indicated. The graph below represents $100 invested in our common stock at its closing price on March 30, 2005, the date the common stock commenced trading on the Nasdaq National Market. The cumulative total returns include the payment of dividends by Prudential Bancorp.
 
LINE GRAPH
 
   
Period Ending
 
Index
 
03/30/05
   
06/30/05
   
09/30/05
   
09/30/06
   
09/30/07
   
09/30/08
 
Prudential Bancorp, Inc. of PA
  $ 100.00     $ 110.36     $ 121.75     $ 135.95     $ 129.51     $ 106.91  
NASDAQ Composite
    100.00       102.56       107.28       112.60       134.69       104.30  
SNL MHC Thrift Index
    100.00       103.90       104.06       132.49       140.14       143.69  
SNL Thrift Index
    100.00       104.98       102.32       119.11       108.70       55.99  
   
* Source: SNL Financial LC

 
47

 
 
The following table shows the quarterly high and low trading prices of our stock and the amount of cash dividends declared per share for fiscal 2008 and 2007
 
               
  Cash
dividends
per share
 
   
Stock Price
     
 
 
High
   
Low
     
Quarter ended:
                       
September 30, 2008
  $ 11.49     $ 10.00     $ 0.05  
June 30, 2008
    12.49       10.05       0.05  
March 31, 2008
    13.00       11.40       0.05  
December 31, 2007
    13.50       12.20       0.05  
 
               
  Cash
dividends
per share
 
   
Stock Price
     
   
High
   
Low
     
Quarter ended:
                       
September 30, 2007
  $ 13.75     $ 12.38     $ 0.05  
June 30, 2007
    13.85       13.36       0.05  
March 31, 2007
    13.89       13.38       0.05  
December 31, 2006
    13.88       13.15       0.04  
 
           (b)          Not applicable
 
          (c)         There were no purchases repurchases of common stock by the Company during the quarter ended September 30, 2008. Prudential Mutual Holding Company (the “MHC”) announced that its Board of Directors also approved the purchase of 220,000 shares or approximately 5% of the Company’s common stock held by shareholders other than the MHC. As of September 30, 2008, the MHC had purchased 113,000 shares at an average cost of $11.05 per share.

 
48

 
 
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
 
          Set forth below is selected financial and other data of Prudential Bancorp. Prior to March 29, 2005, the date we completed the reorganization, such data only reflects information with respect to Prudential Savings Bank.
 
   
At September 30,
 
 
 
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Selected Financial and Other Data:
                             
Total assets
  $ 489,337     $ 474,192     $ 472,381     $ 446,592     $ 406,638  
Cash and cash equivalents
    9,454       12,269       13,428       26,815       10,061  
Investment securities:
                                       
Held-to-maturity
    123,022       134,782       132,084       129,840       114,806  
Available-for-sale
    2,922       38,343       38,747       38,584       40,287  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                       
Held-to-maturity
    40,281       45,534       50,360       66,828       80,932  
Available-for-sale
    52,184       8,549       4,615              
Loans receivable, net
    243,969       219,149       219,418       175,091       151,565  
Deposits
    376,830       354,038       347,292       336,468       349,159  
FHLB advances
    31,701       33,743       31,784       13,823       13,862  
Total equity, substantially restricted
    68,875       80,961       87,448       90,825       39,099  
Banking offices
    7       7       6       6       6  
 
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
 
 
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Selected Operating Data:
                             
Total interest income
  $ 26,408     $ 26,907     $ 24,542     $ 21,077     $ 19,513  
Total interest expense
    14,654       14,784       11,935       9,297       9,002  
Net interest income
    11,754       12,123       12,607       11,780       10,511  
Provision for loan losses
    1,084       395       60             50  
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
    10,670       11,728       12,547       11,780       10,461  
Total non-interest income (charges)
    (5,285 )     1,046       938       567       581  
Total non-interest expense
    8,775       7,990       7,875       7,069       7,323  
(Loss) income before income taxes
    (3,390 )     4,784       5,610       5,278       3,719  
Income taxes
    755       1,387       1,773       1,886       1,246  
Net (loss) income
  $ (4,145 )   $ 3,397     $ 3,837     $ 3,392     $ 2,473  
Basic (loss) earnings per share (1)
  $ (0.38 )   $ 0.30     $ 0.32     $ 0.15        
Diluted (loss) earnings per share (1)
  $ (0.38 )   $ 0.30     $ 0.32     $ 0.15        
                                         
Selected Operating Ratios(2):
                                       
Average yield earned on interest-earning assets
    5.75 %     5.92 %     5.58 %     5.03 %     4.97 %
Average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities
    3.73       3.93       3.34       2.64       2.48  
Average interest rate spread(3)
    2.02       1.99       2.24       2.39       2.49  
Net interest margin(3)
    2.56       2.67       2.87       2.81       2.68  
Average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities
    116.77       120.64       122.94       118.81       108.13  
Net interest income after provision for loan losses to non-interest expense
    121.60       146.78       159.33       166.64       142.85  
Total non-interest expense to average assets
    1.84       1.70       1.73       1.64       1.80  
Efficiency ratio(4)
    135.65       60.67       58.14       57.25       66.02  
Return on average assets
    (0.87 )     0.72       0.84       0.79       0.61  
Return on average equity
    (5.44 )     3.98       4.26       5.14       6.50  
Average equity to average assets
    15.95       18.15       19.82       15.30       9.36  
 
(Footnotes on next page)

 
49

 
 
   
At or For the
Year Ended September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
Asset Quality Ratios(5):
                             
Non-performing loans as a percent of total loans receivable(6)
    1.65 %     1.18 %     0.07 %     0.14 %     0.32 %
Non-performing assets as a percent of total assets(6)
    1.13       0.55       0.03       0.13       0.25  
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of non-performing loans
    39.42       38.97       409.66       233.47       116.49  
Net charge-offs to average loans receivable
    0.21                         0.03  
                                         
Capital Ratios(5):
                                       
Tier 1 leverage ratio
                                       
Company
    14.58 %     17.08 %     18.64 %     20.98 %     N/A  
Bank
    13.22       15.52       14.74       14.55       9.39 %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio
                                       
Company
    31.40 %     37.88 %     39.23 %     48.54 %     N/A  
Bank
    28.94       34.22       31.12       34.71       24.50  
Total risk-based capital ratio
                                       
Company
    32.12 %     38.43 %     39.68 %     48.98 %     N/A  
Bank
    29.66       34.77       31.56       35.16       25.22  
 
   
(1)
Due to the timing of the Bank’s reorganization into the mutual holding company form and the completion of the Company’s initial public offering on March 29, 2005, earnings per share for the year ended September 30, 2005 is for the six month period ended September 30, 2005. There were no shares of common stock of the Company outstanding prior to the reorganization on March 29, 2005.
   
(2)
With the exception of end of period ratios, all ratios are based on average monthly balances during the indicated periods.
   
(3)
Average interest rate spread represents the difference between the average yield on interest-earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities, and net interest margin represents net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning assets.
   
(4)
The efficiency ratio represents the ratio of non-interest expense divided by the sum of net interest income and non-interest income.
   
(5)
Asset quality ratios and capital ratios are end of period ratios, except for net charge-offs to average loans receivable. Since the Company did not have any capital stock outstanding prior to March 29, 2005, no capital ratios are presented for the pre-2005 periods.
   
(6)
Non-performing assets consist of non-performing loans and real estate owned. Non-performing loans consist of all loans 90 days or more past due and loans in excess of 90 days delinquent and still accruing interest. It is our policy to cease accruing interest on all loans, other than single-family residential mortgage loans, 90 days or more past due. Real estate owned consists of real estate acquired through foreclosure and real estate acquired by acceptance of a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure.
 
 
50

 

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
Overview
 
          At September 30, 2008, we had total assets of $489.3 million, including $244.0 million in net loans and $218.4 million of investment and mortgage-backed securities, total deposits of $376.8 million and total stockholders’ equity of $68.9 million.
 
          The market dislocations experienced in the financial market during 2007 have continued throughout 2008. One of the primary sources for the difficulties in the market is the slump in the housing market throughout the country. While the Philadelphia area has not suffered wholesale declines in the value of residential real estate as have other areas of the country, this downturn has rippled through many parts of the economy, including construction lending and lending to contractors. The Company continues to focus on the credit quality of its customers – closely monitoring the financial status of borrowers throughout the Company’s markets, gathering information, working on early detection of potential problems, taking pre-emptive steps where necessary and doing the analysis required to maintain adequate reserves.
 
          The Federal Reserve has lowered interest rates 325 basis points since September 2007 through September 2008. The Company has managed to maintain a relatively stable interest rate spread, year to year, while deposit pricing remains intensely competitive in our market place. Capital strength and preservation remained a priority. While the Company has been judiciously repurchasing shares at attractive pricing, it has not done to the detriment of our healthy equity position and capital adequacy. Related to capital adequacy, after carefully evaluating U.S. Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program, through which the U.S. Treasury will provide capital to U.S. financial institutions through the purchase of preferred stock, the Company has determined not to participate. Because the Company’s capital ratios are strong, the Board of Directors concluded that it is in the best interests of the Company’s shareholders not to raise any additional capital at the present time.
 
          This Management’s Discussion and Analysis section is intended to assist in understanding the financial condition and results of operations of Prudential Bancorp. The results of operations of Prudential Bancorp are primarily dependent on the results of the Bank. The information contained in this section should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements contained in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
Forward-looking Statements.
 
          In addition to historical information, this Annual Report on Form 10-K includes certain “forward-looking statements” based on management’s current expectations. The Company’s actual results could differ materially, as such term is defined in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, from management’s expectations. Such forward-looking statements include statements regarding management’s current intentions, beliefs or expectations as well as the assumptions on which such statements are based. These forward-looking statements are subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are not subject to Prudential Bancorp’s control. You are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and that actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause future results to vary from current management expectations include, but are not limited to, general economic conditions, legislative and regulatory changes, monetary and fiscal policies of the federal government, changes in tax policies, rates and regulations of federal, state and local tax authorities, changes in interest rates, deposit flows, the cost of funds, demand for loan products, demand for financial services, competition, changes in the quality or composition of the Company’s loan, investment and mortgage-backed securities portfolios, changes in accounting principles, policies or guidelines and other economic, competitive, governmental and technological factors affecting the Company’s operations, markets, products, services and fees.

 
51

 
 
          The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events or changes to future operating results that occur subsequent to the date such forward-looking statements are made.
 
Critical Accounting Policies
 
          In reviewing and understanding financial information for Prudential Bancorp, you are encouraged to read and understand the significant accounting policies used in preparing our financial statements. These policies are described in Note 2 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 hereof. The accounting and financial reporting policies of Prudential Bancorp conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and to general practices within the banking industry. Accordingly, the financial statements require certain estimates, judgments and assumptions, which are believed to be reasonable, based upon the information available. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the periods presented. The following accounting policies comprise those that management believes are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results. These policies require numerous estimates or economic assumptions that may prove inaccurate or may be subject to variations which may significantly affect our reported results and financial condition for the period or in future periods.
 
          Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense. Loans are charged against the allowance for loan losses when management believes that the collectibility of the principal is unlikely. Subsequent recoveries are added to the allowance. The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level that management considers adequate to provide for estimated losses and impairment based upon an evaluation of known and inherent risk in the loan portfolio. Loan impairment is evaluated based on the fair value of collateral or estimated net realizable value. It is the policy of management to provide for losses on unidentified loans in its portfolio in addition to classified loans.
 
          Management monitors its allowance for loan losses at least quarterly and makes adjustments to the allowance through the provision for loan losses as economic conditions and other pertinent factors indicate. The quarterly review and adjustment of the qualitative factors employed in the allowance methodology and the updating of historic loss experience allow for timely reaction to emerging conditions and trends. In this context, a series of qualitative factors are used in a methodology as a measurement of how current circumstances are affecting the loan portfolio. Included in these qualitative factors are:
 
 
Levels of past due, classified and non-accrual loans, troubled debt restructurings and modifications
     
 
Nature and volume of loans
     
 
Changes in lending policies and procedures, underwriting standards, collections, charge-offs and recoveries and for commercial loans, the level of loans being approved with exceptions to policy
     
 
Experience, ability and depth of management and staff
     
 
National and local economic and business conditions, including various market segments
     
 
Quality of Company’s loan review system and degree of Board oversight
     
 
Concentrations of credit and changes in levels of such concentrations
     
 
Effect of external factors on the level of estimated credit losses in the current portfolio
 
 
52

 
 
          In determining the allowance for loan losses, management has established both specific and general pooled allowances. Values assigned to the qualitative factors and those developed from historic loss experience provide a dynamic basis for the calculation of reserve factors for both pass-rated loans (general pooled allowance) and those criticized and classified loans without Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan – an amendment of FASB Statements No. 5 and 15, reserves (specific allowance). The amount of the specific allowance is determined through a loan-by-loan analysis of certain large dollar commercial loans. Loans not individually reviewed are evaluated as a group using reserve factor percentages based on historic loss experience and the qualitative factors described above. In determining the appropriate level of the general pooled allowance, management makes estimates based on internal risk ratings, which take into account such factors as debt service coverage, loan-to-value ratios, and external factors. Estimates are periodically measured against actual loss experience.
 
          This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates including, among others, exposure at default, the amount and timing of expected future cash flows on impacted loans, value of collateral, estimated losses on our commercial, construction and residential loan portfolios and general amounts for historical loss experience. All of these estimates may be susceptible to significant change.
 
          While management uses the best information available to make loan loss allowance evaluations, adjustments to the allowance may be necessary based on changes in economic and other conditions or changes in accounting guidance. Historically, our estimates of the allowance for loan loss have not required significant adjustments from management’s initial estimates. In addition, the Pennsylvania Department of Banking and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, as an integral part of their examination processes, periodically review our allowance for loan losses. The Pennsylvania Department of Banking and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation may require the recognition of adjustments to the allowance for loan losses based on their judgment of information available to them at the time of their examinations. To the extent that actual outcomes differ from management’s estimates, additional provisions to the allowance for loan losses may be required that would adversely impact earnings in future periods.
 
          Other Than Temporary Impairment on Investments. Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. For all securities that are in an unrealized loss position for an extended period of time and for all securities whose fair value is significantly below amortized cost, the Company performs an evaluation of the specific events attributable to the market decline of the security. The Company considers the length of time and extent to which the security’s market value has been below cost as well as the general market conditions, industry characteristics, and the fundamental operating results of the issuer to determine if the decline is other-than-temporary. The Company also considers as part of the evaluation its intent and ability to hold the security until its market value has recovered to a level at least equal to the amortized cost. When the Company determines that a security’s unrealized loss is other-than-temporary, a realized loss is recognized in the period in which the decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary. The write-downs are measured based on the changes in fair value of the security at the time the Company determines the decline in value was other-than-temporary.
 
          Income Taxes. The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes and Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109. SFAS No. 109 requires the recording of deferred income taxes that reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Management exercises significant judgment in the evaluation of the amount and timing of the recognition of the resulting tax assets and liabilities. The judgments and estimates required for the evaluation are updated based upon changes in business factors and the tax laws. If actual results differ from the assumptions and other considerations used in estimating the amount and timing of tax recognized, there can be no assurance that additional expenses will not be required in future periods.

 
53

 
 
          In evaluating our ability to recover deferred tax assets, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including our past operating results and our forecast of future taxable income. In determining future taxable income, we make assumptions for the amount of taxable income, the reversal of temporary differences and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax planning strategies. These assumptions require us to make judgments about our future taxable income and are consistent with the plans and estimates we use to manage our business. Any reduction in estimated future taxable income may require us to record an additional valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets. An increase in the valuation allowance would result in additional income tax expense in the period and could have a significant impact on our future earnings.
 
          On October 1, 2007, the Company incorporated FIN No. 48 with its existing accounting policy. FIN No. 48 prescribes a minimum probability threshold that a tax position must meet before a financial statement benefit is recognized. The Company recognizes, when applicable, interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes in the consolidated income statement. Assessment of uncertain tax positions under FIN No. 48 requires careful consideration of the technical merits of a position based on management’s analysis of tax regulations and interpretations. Significant judgment may be involved in applying the requirements of FIN No. 48.
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
          On July 13, 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”), which is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” This Interpretation prescribes a comprehensive model for how a company should recognize, measure, present and disclose in its financial statements uncertain tax positions that the company has taken or expects to take on a tax return. The Company adopted FIN 48 on October 1, 2007, and the adoption did not have a significant impact of on the Company’s financial statements.
 
          In September 2006, the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) of FASB issued EITF Issue No. 06-4, “Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements” (EITF 06-04). EITF 06-4 requires the recognition of a liability related to the postretirement benefits covered by an endorsement split-dollar life insurance arrangement. EITF 06-4 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007, with earlier application permitted. The Company adopted the provisions of the EITF on October 1, 2008 and is currently assessing the impact of the adoption of EITF 06-04 on its financial statements, but does not expect it to be material.
 
          In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 157, Fair Value Measurements. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 does not require any new fair value measurements. The definition of fair value retains the exchange price notion in earlier definitions of fair value. SFAS No. 157 clarifies that the exchange price is the price in an orderly transaction between market participants to sell the asset or transfer the liability in the market in which the reporting entity would transact for the asset or liability. The definition focuses on the price that would be received to sell the asset or paid to transfer the liability (an exit price), not the price that would be paid to acquire the asset or received to assume the liability (an entry price). SFAS No. 157 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement. FSP No. 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157, issued in February 2008, delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in an entity’s financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually), to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company is currently assessing the impact of SFAS No. 157 on its financial statements.

 
54

 
 
          SFAS No. 157 establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
 
 
Level 1
Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
 
 
Level 2
Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
 
 
Level 3
Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.
 
          In October 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active” (“FSP FAS 157-3”). The purpose of FSP FAS 157-3 was to clarify the application of SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”), for a market that is not active. It also allows for the use of management’s internal assumptions about future cash flows with appropriately risk-adjusted discount rates when relevant observable market data does not exist. FSP FAS 157-3 did not change the objective of SFAS No. 157 which is the determination of the price that would be received in an orderly transaction that is not a forced liquidation or distressed sale at the measurement date. FSP FAS 157-3 was effective upon issuance, including prior periods for which financial statements had not been issued. The adoption of FSP FAS 157-3 had no impact on its financial condition or results of operations.
 
          In September 2006, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued SAB No. 108 expressing the SEC staff’s views regarding the process of quantifying financial statement misstatements and the build up of improper amounts on the balance sheet. SAB No. 108 requires that registrants quantify errors using both a balance sheet and income statement approach and evaluate whether either approach results in a misstated amount that, when all relevant quantitative and qualitative factors are considered, is material. The built up misstatements, while not considered material in the individual years in which the misstatements were built up, may be considered material in a subsequent year if a company were to correct those misstatements through current period earnings. Initial application of SAB No. 108 allows registrants to elect not to restate prior periods but to reflect the initial application in their annual financial statements covering the first fiscal year ending after November 15, 2006. The cumulative effect of the initial application should be reported in the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities as of the beginning of that fiscal year and the offsetting adjustment, net of tax, should be made to the opening balance of retained earnings for that year.

 
55

 
 
          The Company implemented SAB No. 108 on October 1, 2006 which resulted in an increase in mortgage-backed securities held to maturity of approximately $321,000, an increase in income tax liabilities of approximately $149,000 and a cumulative adjustment to increase retained earnings as of that date by approximately $172,000. The adjustment relates to two separate accounting entries. The first entry pertains to the method of accounting that was utilized in past years for the recognition of investment income on mortgage-backed securities. Prior to fiscal 2006, the Company used the straight line method over the contractual life of the securities rather than using the effective yield method prescribed by SFAS No. 91, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Fees and Costs Associated with Originating or Acquiring Loans and Initial Direct Costs of Leases”. The impact of this entry was the correction of an understatement of mortgage-backed securities by approximately $321,000 and a corresponding understatement of income tax payable of $109,000. The second entry relates to a write off of a deferred tax asset of approximately $40,000 that was incorrectly accounted for in prior periods.
 
          In prior periods, management performed a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the differences between these two methods of accounting and concluded that there was not a material impact on any past individual quarter or annual reporting periods.
 
          In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”. The Statement provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value. This Statement is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. Early adoption is permitted under certain circumstances. The Company adopted SFAS No. 159 as of October 1, 2008 and it did not have an impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operation as the Company did not elect to fair value any of its financial assets and financial liabilities that are not currently required to be measured at fair value.
 
In March 2007, the FASB ratified EITF Issue No. 06-10 “Accounting for Collateral Assignment Split-Dollar Life Insurance Agreements: (EITF 06-10). EITF 06-10 provides guidance for determining a liability for the postretirement benefit obligation as well as recognition and measurement of the associated asset on the basis of the terms of the collateral assignment agreement. EITF 06-10 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007. The Company adopted the provisions of the EITF on October 1, 2008 and is currently assessing the impact of the adoption of EITF 06-10 on its financial statements, but does not expect it to be material.
 
          In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” (“SFAS No. 162”). SFAS No. 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with GAAP. SFAS No. 162 is effective sixty days following the SEC approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) amendments to AU Section 411, The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The Company does not expect SFAS No. 162 will have an impact on its financial condition or results of operations as it is not expected to change its current practices.
 
          In September 2008, the FASB issued a FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) No. FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4 “Disclosures about Credit Derivatives and Certain Guarantees: An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 and FASB Interpretation No. 45”; and “Clarification of the Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 161”. The FSP is intended to improve disclosures about credit derivatives by requiring more information about the potential adverse effects of changes in credit risk on the financial position, financial performance, and cash flows of the sellers of credit derivatives. It amends SFAS Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, to require disclosures by sellers of credit derivatives, including credit derivatives embedded in hybrid instruments. This FSP encourages that the amendments to SFAS No. 133 and FIN 45 be applied in periods earlier than the effective date to facilitate comparisons at initial adoption. In periods after initial adoption, this FSP requires comparative disclosures only for periods ending subsequent to initial adoption. The FSP is effective for reporting periods (annual or interim) ending after November 15, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the requirements of FSP Nos. FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4 and has not yet determined the impact, if any, on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

 
56

 
 
          Derivative Financial Instruments, Contractual Obligations and Other Commitments. Derivative financial instruments include futures, forwards, interest rate swaps, option contracts, and other financial instruments with similar characteristics. We have not used derivative financial instruments in the past and do not currently have any intent to do so in the future.
 
          While we have not used derivative financial instruments, we are a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of our customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and the unused portions of lines of credit. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated statements of financial condition. Commitments to extend credit generally have fixed expiration dates and may require additional collateral from the borrower if deemed necessary. Commitments to extend credit are not recorded as an asset or liability by us until the instrument is exercised.
 
          The following tables summarize our outstanding commitments to originate loans and to advance additional amounts pursuant to outstanding letters of credit, lines of credit and under our construction loans at the dates indicated.
 
Commitments
 
          The following tables summarize our outstanding commitments to originate loans and to advance additional amounts pursuant to outstanding letters of credit, lines of credit and undisbursed construction loans at September 30, 2008.
 
   
Total
Amounts
Committed
   
Amount of Commitment Expiration - Per Period 
 
       
To
1 Year
   
1-3
Years
   
4-5
Years
   
After 5
Years
 
   
(In Thousands)
Letters of credit
  $ 95     $     $ 95     $     $  
Lines of credit
    5,901                         5,901  
Undisbursed portions of loans in process (1)
    13,515       9,782       3,733              
Commitments to originate loans
    18,563       18,563                    
Total commitments
  $ 38,074     $ 28,345     $ 3,828     $     $ 5,901  
 
   
(1)
Includes participation interests sold to other financial institutions totaling $2.2 million; Prudential Savings Bank will fund such amount and be reimbursed by the participants.
   
(2)
The majority of available lines of credit are for home equity loans.
 
 
57

 

Contractual Cash Obligations
 
The following table summarizes our contractual cash obligations at September 30, 2008.
 
         
Payments Due By Period
 
   
Total
   
To
1 Year
   
1-3
Years
   
4-5
Years
   
After 5
Years
 
   
(In Thousands)
 
Certificates of deposit
  $ 215,090     $ 156,693     $ 32,262     $ 26,135     $  
FHLB advances(1)
    31,701       18,043       13,089       229       340  
Total long-term debt
    246,791       174,736       45,351       26,364       340  
Advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance
    1,348       1,348                    
Operating lease obligations
    70       55       15              
Total contractual obligations
  $ 248,209     $ 176,139     $ 45,366     $ 26,364     $ 340  
   
(1)
Does not include interest due annually on FHLB advances.
 
 
58

 
 
          Average Balances, Net Interest Income, and Yields Earned and Rates Paid. The following table shows for the periods indicated the total dollar amount of interest from average interest-earning assets and the resulting yields, as well as the interest expense on average interest-bearing liabilities, expressed both in dollars and rates, and the net interest margin. Tax-exempt income and yields have not been adjusted to a tax-equivalent basis. All average balances are based on monthly balances. Management does not believe that the monthly averages differ significantly from what the daily averages would be.
                                                       
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
 
 
Average
Balance
   
Interest
   
Average
Yield/
Rate(1)
   
Average
Balance
   
Interest
   
Average
Yield/
Rate
   
Average
Balance
   
Interest
   
Average
Yield/
Rate
 
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
                                                     
Investment securities
  $ 157,917     $ 8,128       5.15 %   $ 173,760     $ 8,768       5.05 %   $ 173,713     $ 8,019       4.62 %
Mortgage-backed securities
    66,254       3,780       5.71 %     53,759       2,820       5.25 %     60,750       3,147       5.18 %
Loans receivable(1)
    227,661       14,349       6.30 %     221,262       15,136       6.84 %     197,913       13,077       6.61 %
Other interest-earning assets
    7,483       151       2.02 %     5,372       183       3.41 %     7,307       299       4.09 %
Total interest-earning assets
    459,315       26,408       5.75 %     454,153       26,907       5.92 %     439,683       24,542       5.58 %
Non-interest-earning assets
    17,962                       15,864                       14,786                  
Total assets
  $ 477,277                     $ 470,017                     $ 454,469                  
Interest-bearing liabilities:
                                                                       
Savings accounts
  $ 66,636     $ 1,673       2.51 %   $ 71,815     $ 1,977       2.75 %   $ 81,472     $ 2,449       3.01 %
Checking & money market accounts
    92,418       2,793       3.02 %     93,701       3,321       3.54 %     98,112       3,081       3.14 %
Certificate accounts
    204,981       8,922       4.35 %     181,604       7,944       4.37 %     156,869       5,304       3.38 %
Total deposits
    364,035       13,388       3.68 %     347,120       13,242       3.81 %     336,453       10,834       3.22 %
FHLB advances
    27,638       1,258       4.55 %     27,686       1,533       5.54 %     19,628       1,092       5.56 %
Real estate tax escrow accounts
    1,688       8       0.47 %     1,635       9       0.55 %     1,552       9       0.58 %
Other interest-bearing liabilities
                0.00 %                 0.00 %                 0.00 %
Total interest-bearing liabilities
    393,361       14,654       3.73 %     376,441       14,784       3.93 %     357,633       11,935       3.34 %
Non-interest-bearing liabilities
    7,790                       8,259                       6,762                  
Total liabilities
    401,151                       384,700                       364,395                  
Stockholders’ Equity
    76,126                       85,317                       90,074                  
Total liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
  $ 477,277                     $ 470,017                     $ 454,469                  
Net interest-earning assets
  $ 65,954                     $ 77,712                     $ 82,050                  
                                                                         
Net interest income; interest rate spread
          $ 11,754       2.02 %           $ 12,123       1.99 %           $ 12,607       2.24 %
Net interest margin (2)
                    2.56 %                     2.67 %                     2.87 %
                                                                         
Average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities
                    116.77 %                     120.64 %                     122.94 %
     
(1)
Includes nonaccrual loans during the respective periods. Calculated net of deferred fees and discounts, loans in process and allowance for loan losses.
     
(2)
Equals net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets.
 
 
59

 
 
          Rate/Volume Analysis. The following table shows the extent to which changes in interest rates and changes in the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities affected our interest income and expense during the periods indicated. For each category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, information is provided on changes attributable to (1) changes in rate, which is the change in rate multiplied by prior year volume, and (2) changes in volume, which is the change in volume multiplied by prior year rate. The combined effect of changes in both rate and volume has been allocated proportionately to the change due to rate and the change due to volume.
                                                 
   
2008 vs. 2007
   
2007 vs. 2006
 
   
Increase (Decrease) Due to
         
Increase (Decrease) Due to
       
   
Rate
   
Volume
   
Rate/
Volume
   
Total
Increase
(Decrease)
   
Rate
   
Volume
   
Rate/
Volume
   
Total
Increase
(Decrease)
 
   
(In Thousands)
 
Interest income:
                                               
Investment securities
  $ 175     $ (799 )   $ (16 )   $ (640 )   $ 747     $ 2     $     $ 749  
Mortgage-backed securities
    247       655       57       959       40       (362 )     (5 )     (327 )
Loans receivable, net
    (1,190 )     438       (34 )     (786 )     462       1,543       54       2,059  
Other interest-earning assets
    (75 )     72       (29 )     (32 )     (50 )     (79 )     13       (116 )
Total interest-earning assets
    (843 )     366       (22 )     (499 )     1,199       1,104       62       2,365  
Interest expense:
                                                               
Savings accounts
    (174 )     (143 )     13       (304 )     (206 )     (290 )     24       (472 )
Checking accounts
    (490 )     (45 )     7       (528 )     396       (139 )     (17 )     240  
(interest-bearing and non-interest bearing)
                                                               
Certificate accounts
    (40 )     1,023       (5 )     978       1,558       836       246       2,640  
Total deposits
    (704 )     835       15       146       1,748       407       253       2,408  
FHLB advances
    (273 )     (3 )           (276 )     (5 )     448       (2 )     441  
Other interest-bearing liabilities
                                               
Total interest-bearing liabilities
    (977 )     832       15       (130 )     1,743       855       251       2,849  
Increase (decrease) in net interest income
  $ 134     $ (466 )   $ (37 )   $ (369 )   $ (544 )   $ 249     $ (189 )   $ (484 )
 
Comparison of Financial Condition at September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007
 
          At September 30, 2008, the Company’s total assets were $489.3 million, an increase of $15.1 million, or 3.2% from $474.2 million at September 30, 2007. The increase was primarily due to a $24.8 million increase in net loans receivable, primarily 1-4 family residential loans, offset in part by decreases in investment and mortgage-backed securities aggregating $8.8 million, due primarily to impairment charges incurred and net repayments. See Notes 4 and 5 to the Consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
 
          Total liabilities increased $27.2 million to $420.5 million at September 30, 2008 from $393.2 million at September 30, 2007. The increase was primarily attributable to a $22.8 million increase in deposits, mainly in certificates of deposit due to customer interest in high yielding secure investments.
 
          Stockholders’ equity decreased by $12.1 million to $68.9 million at September 30, 2008 as compared to $81.0 million at September 30, 2007 primarily as a result of the cost of stock repurchased during the year aggregating $5.1 million combined with the net loss of $4.1 million and declaration of cash dividends totaling $2.2 million.

 
60

 
 
Comparison of Operating Results for the Year Ended September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007
 
          General. We incurred a net loss of $4.1 million for the year ended September 30, 2008 as compared to net income of $3.4 million for the prior fiscal year. The results for the year ended September 30, 2008 as compared to the year ended September 30, 2007 reflected primarily the effects of a $6.1 million loss related to the non-cash other than temporary impairment (“OTTI”) charges and the related redemption of the Company’s $35.0 million investment in a mutual fund. See Notes 4 and 5 to Consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
 
          Interest Income. Our total interest income was $26.4 million for the year ended September 30, 2008 compared to $26.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2007, a decrease of $499,000 or 1.9% . The decrease in interest income resulted from a 17 basis point decrease in the weighted average yield earned on interest-earning assets to 5.75% for the year ended September 30, 2008 from fiscal 2007 partially offset by a $5.2 million or 1.1% increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets for the year ended September 30, 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007. The decrease in the yield earned was consistent with market interest rates. The increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets was primarily due to loan growth.
 
          Interest Expense. Total interest expense amounted to $14.7 million during the year ended September 30, 2008 compared to $14.8 million for the year ended September 30, 2007, a decrease of $130,000 or 0.9%. The decrease in interest expense resulted primarily from a 20 basis point decrease to 3.73% in the weighted average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities partially offset by a $16.9 million or 4.5% increase in the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007. The decrease in the interest rate paid was consistent with market interest rates. The increase in the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities was primarily due to growth in certificates of deposit due to customer interest in high yielding secure investments.
 
          Provision for Loan Losses. The allowance is maintained at a level sufficient to provide for estimated probable losses in the loan portfolio at each reporting date. At least quarterly, management performs an analysis to identify the inherent risk of loss in the Company’s loan portfolio. This analysis includes a qualitative evaluation of concentrations of credit, past loss experience, current economic conditions, amount and composition of the loan portfolio (including loans being specifically monitored by management), estimated fair value of underlying collateral, delinquencies, and other factors.
 
          Our methodology for assessing the adequacy of the allowance establishes both specific and general pooled allowances. To determine the adequacy of the allowance and the need for potential changes to the allowance, we conduct a formal analysis quarterly to assess the risk within the loan portfolio. This assessment includes analyses of historical performance, past due trends, the level of nonperforming loans, reviews of certain impaired loans, loan activity since the last quarter, consideration of current economic conditions, and other pertinent information. Loans are assigned ratings, either individually for larger credits or in homogeneous pools, based on an internally developed grading system. The resulting conclusions are reviewed and approved by senior management.

 
61

 
 
          The provision for loan losses was $1.1 million for the year ended September 30, 2008 as compared to $395,000 for the fiscal 2007. The increase in provision expense for fiscal 2008 was due to deterioration in the local real estate market, which affected in particular the construction loan portfolio. At September 30, 2008, the Company’s non-performing assets totaled $5.5 million or 1.1% of total assets and consisted of four single-family residential real estate loans, two construction loans, one commercial real estate loan and one real estate owned property. Of the $5.5 million of non-performing assets, $3.6 million relates to the two construction loans. The Company’s non-performing assets totaled $2.6 million or 0.5% of total assets at September 30, 2007. The allowance for loan losses totaled $1.6 million, or 0.6% of total loans and 39.4% of non-performing loans at September 30, 2008 increasing from $1.0 million or 0.4% of total loans and 39.0% of non-performing loans at September 30, 2007. One of the non-performing construction loans is a $3.0 million credit reflecting Prudential Savings’ participation interest in a $14.9 million construction loan to build a 40-unit high-rise condominium project located in Center City, Philadelphia which has experienced payment delinquencies. Although the project is substantially completed, based on an updated appraisal, the value of the real estate collateralizing the loan has declined. Another financial institution is the lead lender on the loan. The other non-performing construction loan is a four townhouse unit project located in Philadelphia. Although the project is completed, there have been delays in the projected sales due to deterioration in the local real estate market. The loan has a remaining balance of $640,000.
 
          Non-interest Income. Our non-interest income is comprised of fees and other service charges on customer accounts, other operating income, and OTTI charges. Our total non-interest income amounted to a charge of $5.3 million for the year ended September 30, 2008 compared to income of $1.0 million for the year ended September 30, 2007. The decrease was due to the OTTI charge and losses on redemption of the Company’s $35.0 million investment in a mutual fund discussed in Notes 4 and 5 to Consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. Due to the continued decline in the net asset value of the fund and the manager’s decision to activate the redemption in kind provision. In June 2008, Prudential Savings redeemed its shares in the fund, receiving approximately $24.7 million in mortgage-backed securities and $4.3 million in cash in June 2008. Through September 2008, the Company incurred a pre-tax charge to earnings of approximately $6.2 million on a fiscal year to date basis which include an OTTI charge of $726,000 recognized in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 related to certain of the securities received in the redemption of the mutual fund.
 
          Income Tax Expense. The Company recognized income tax expense for the year ended September 30, 2008 of $755,000, compared to $1.4 million for the year ended September 30, 2007. Tax expense was recorded in the current period and was not significantly impacted by the capital losses incurred in connection with the redemption of the Company’s investment in the mutual fund and the subsequent writedown of the related assets received in the redemption.
 
Comparison of Operating Results for the Year Ended September 30, 2007 and September 30, 2006
 
          General. We had net income of $3.4 million for the year ended September 30, 2007 as compared to $3.8 million for the prior fiscal year. The results for the year ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the year ended September 30, 2006 reflected primarily the effects of an $484,000 decrease in net interest income combined with a $335,000 increase in the provision for loan losses, partially offset by a $386,000 decrease in income taxes.
 
          Interest Income. Our total interest income was $26.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2007 compared to $24.5 million for the year ended September 30, 2006, an increase of $2.4 million or 9.6%. The increase in interest income resulted primarily from a 34 basis point increase in the weighted average yield earned on such assets to 5.92% for the year ended September 30, 2007 from the comparable period in 2006 combined with a $14.5 million or 3.3% increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets for the year ended September 30, 2007 as compared to fiscal 2006.

 
62

 
 
          Interest Expense. Our interest expense increased during the year ended September 30, 2007 compared to the year ended September 30, 2006, reflecting a rising interest rate environment for most of the fiscal year. Total interest expense amounted to $14.8 million during the year ended September 30, 2007 compared to $11.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2006, an increase of $2.8 million or 23.9%. The increase in interest expense resulted primarily from a 59 basis point increase to 3.93% in the weighted average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities, reflecting the increase in market rates of interest during the past year, particularly in certificates of deposit. Also contributing to the increase in interest expense was a $18.8 million or 5.3% increase in the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2007 as compared to fiscal 2006, particularly in certificates of deposits as demand increased for attractive short-term investments.
 
          Provision for Loan Losses. The provision for loan losses was $395,000 for the year ended September 30, 2007 as compared to $60,000 for the comparable period in 2006. At September 30, 2007, the Company’s non-performing assets totaled $2.6 million or 0.5% of total assets and consisted of eight single-family residential real estate loans, one construction loan and one commercial real estate loan. The Company’s non-performing assets totaled $151,000 or 0.03% of total assets at September 30, 2006. The allowance for loan losses totaled $1.0 million, or 0.4% of total loans and 39.0% of non-performing loans at September 30, 2007 increasing from $618,000 or 0.24% of total loans and 409.66% of non-performing loans at September 30, 2006. The increase in the provision, non-performing loans and allowance for loan losses during fiscal 2007 was primarily due one construction loan in the amount of $2.0 million to build two residential real estate properties, for which the borrower was not able to satisfy the terms of the loan. There was also a deterioration in the value of the real estate collateral securing the loan. A specific reserve of $370,000 was established related to this loan during fiscal 2007.
 
          Non-interest Income. Our non-interest income is comprised of fees and other service charges on customer accounts, and other operating income. Our total non-interest income amounted to $1.0 million for the year ended September 30, 2007 compared to $938,000 for the year ended September 30, 2006, a $108,000 or 11.5% increase. The increase for the year ended September 30, 2007 was primarily due to a successful recovery of $88,000 in the first fiscal quarter of 2007, which represented a portion of our losses and legal fees related to a previously disclosed lawsuit which was settled in 2004. Also contributing to the increase in 2007 were credits paid by a new “Official Check” service provider for the amount of checks issued but not yet paid totaling $78,000, which was not applicable in the comparable period in 2006. Additionally, there was an increase in income from bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) of $45,000 for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2007 compared to fiscal 2006. The BOLI, purchased during fiscal 2006, provides an attractive tax-exempt return to the Company and is being used by the Company to fund various employee benefit plans. In fiscal 2006, there was a $106,000 gain on sale of real estate owned recognized which was not repeated in fiscal 2007.
 
          Non-interest Expense. Non-interest expense is comprised primarily of salaries and employee benefits expense, net occupancy and depreciation costs, data processing costs, professional service fees, directors compensation and various other operating expenses. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2007, non-interest expense increased $115,000 compared to fiscal 2006 primarily due to an increase in salaries and employee benefits of $100,000, the majority of which related to normal merit pay rate increases. Also contributing to the increase was a $28,000 increase in office occupancy expense primarily related to our new full service branch located in the Old City section of Philadelphia which opened in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007.
 
          Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense for the year ended September 30, 2007 amounted to $1.4 million with an effective income tax rate of 29.0% compared to income tax expense of $1.8 million with an effective tax rate of 31.6% for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2006. The lower effective tax rate in the 2007 period was primarily attributable to certain tax benefits the Company realized as a result of the adjustment of a valuation allowance that had previously been established for accrued liabilities related to prior period tax accruals and the implementation of various tax strategies.

 
63

 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
          The liquidity of the Company is the ability to maintain cash flows that are adequate to fund operations and meet its other obligations on a timely and cost effective basis in various market conditions. The ability of the Company to meet its current financial obligations is a function of balance sheet structure, the ability to liquidate assets and the availability of alternative sources of funds. To meet the needs of the clients and manage the risk of the Company, the Company engages in liquidity planning and management.
 
          Our primary sources of funds are from deposits, scheduled principal and interest payments on loans, loan prepayments and the maturity of loans, mortgage-backed securities and other investments, and other funds provided from operations. While scheduled payments from the amortization of loans and mortgage-backed securities and maturing investment securities are relatively predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and loan prepayments can be greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and competition. We also maintain excess funds in short-term, interest-bearing assets that provide additional liquidity. At September 30, 2008, our cash and cash equivalents amounted to $9.5 million. In addition, our available for sale investment and mortgage-backed securities amounted to an aggregate of $55.1 million at September 30, 2008.
 
          We use our liquidity to fund existing and future loan commitments, to fund maturing certificates of deposit and demand deposit withdrawals, to invest in other interest-earning assets, and to meet operating expenses. At September 30, 2008, we had certificates of deposit maturing within the next 12 months amounting to $156.7 million. Based upon historical experience, we anticipate that a significant portion of the maturing certificates of deposit will be redeposited with us. There were no deposits as of September 30, 2008 requiring the pledging of collateral.
 
          In addition to cash flows from loan and securities payments and prepayments as well as from sales of available for sale securities, we have significant borrowing capacity available to fund liquidity needs should the need arise. Our borrowings consist solely of advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh, of which we are a member. Under terms of the collateral agreement with the Federal Home Loan Bank, we pledge residential mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities as well as our stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank as collateral for such advances. At September 30, 2008, we had $31.7 million in outstanding FHLB advances and we had $247.4 million in additional FHLB advances available to us.
 
          Upon review of its capital position and business operations, the Company has chosen to repurchase a significant amount of its capital stock in order to enhance shareholder value. The Company has repurchased $19.5 million in treasury stock since May 2005. The repurchases may continue as conditions warrant.
 
          We anticipate that we will continue to have sufficient funds and alternative funding sources to meet our current commitments.

 
64

 
 
Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices
 
          The consolidated financial statements, accompanying notes, and related financial data of Prudential Bancorp presented in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the changes in purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. The impact of inflation is reflected in the increased cost of operations. Most of our assets and liabilities are monetary in nature; therefore, the impact of interest rates has a greater impact on its performance than the effects of general levels of inflation. Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or to the same extent as the prices of goods and services.
 
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
 
          How We Manage Market Risk. Market risk is the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and rates. Our market risk arises primarily from the interest rate risk which is inherent in our lending, investment and deposit gathering activities. To that end, management actively monitors and manages interest rate risk exposure. In addition to market risk, our primary risk is credit risk on our loan portfolio and to a lesser extent our mortgage backed securities issued by private issuers. We attempt to manage credit risk through our loan underwriting and oversight policies.
 
          The principle objective of our interest rate risk management function is to evaluate the interest rate risk embedded in certain balance sheet accounts, determine the level of risk appropriate given our business strategy, operating environment, capital and liquidity requirements and performance objectives, and manage the risk consistent with approved guidelines. We seek to manage our exposure to risks from changes in interest rates while at the same time trying to improve our net interest spread. We monitor interest rate risk as such risk relates to our operating strategies. We have established an Asset/Liability Committee which is comprised of our President and Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Lending Officer, Treasurer and Controller. The Asset/Liability Committee meets on a regular basis and is responsible for reviewing our asset/liability policies and interest rate risk position. Both the extent and direction of shifts in interest rates are uncertainties that could have a negative impact on future earnings.
 
          In recent years, we primarily have utilized the following strategies in our efforts to manage interest rate risk:
     
 
we have reduced our exposure in callable agency bonds and increased our portfolio of agency issued mortgage-backed securities; and
     
 
we have maintained moderate levels of short-term liquid assets.
 
          However, notwithstanding the foregoing strategies, we remain subject to a significant level of interest rate risk in the event we enter into a rising rate environment due to the high proportion of our loan portfolio that consists of fixed-rate loans as well as our decision to invest a significant amount of our assets in long-term, fixed-rate investment and mortgage-backed securities.

 
65

 
 
          Gap Analysis. The matching of assets and liabilities may be analyzed by examining the extent to which such assets and liabilities are “interest rate sensitive” and by monitoring the Bank’s interest rate sensitivity “gap.” An asset and liability is said to be interest rate sensitive within a specific time period if it will mature or reprice within that time period. The interest rate sensitivity gap is defined as the difference between the amount of interest-earning assets maturing or repricing within a specific time period and the amount of interest-bearing liabilities maturing or repricing within that same time period. A gap is considered positive when the amount of interest rate sensitive assets exceeds the amount of interest rate sensitive liabilities. A gap is considered negative when the amount of interest rate sensitive liabilities exceeds the amount of interest rate sensitive assets. During a period of rising interest rates, a negative gap would tend to affect adversely net interest income while a positive gap would tend to result in an increase in net interest income. Conversely, during a period of falling interest rates, a negative gap would tend to result in an increase in net interest income while a positive gap would tend to affect adversely net interest income.
 
          The table on the next page sets forth the amounts of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities outstanding at September 30, 2008, which we expect, based upon certain assumptions, to reprice or mature in each of the future time periods shown (the “GAP Table”). Except as stated below, the amounts of assets and liabilities shown which reprice or mature during a particular period were determined in accordance with the earlier of term to repricing or the contractual maturity of the asset or liability. The table sets forth an approximation of the projected repricing of assets and liabilities at September 30, 2008, on the basis of contractual maturities, anticipated prepayments, and scheduled rate adjustments within a three-month period and subsequent selected time intervals. The loan amounts in the table reflect principal balances expected to be redeployed and/or repriced as a result of contractual amortization and anticipated prepayments of adjustable-rate loans and fixed-rate loans, and as a result of contractual rate adjustments on adjustable-rate loans. Annual prepayment rates for adjustable-rate and fixed-rate single-family and multi-family residential and commercial mortgage loans are assumed to range from 9.2% to 21.7%. The annual prepayment rate for mortgage-backed securities is assumed to range from 0.8% to 40.3%. Money market deposit accounts, savings accounts and interest-bearing checking accounts are assumed to have annual rates of withdrawal, or “decay rates,” based on information from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. For savings accounts and checking accounts, the decay rates are 60% in one to three years, 20% in three to five years and 20% in five to 10 years. For money market accounts, the decay rates are 50% in three to 12 months and 50% in 13 to 36 months.

 
66

 

                                     
   
3 Months
or Less
   
More than
3 Months
to 1 Year
   
More than
1 Year
to 3 Years
   
More than
3 Years
to 5 Years
   
More than
5 Years
   
Total
Amount
 
       
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Interest-earning assets(1):
                                   
Investment securities
   $ 5,995      $ 0      $ 2,000      $ 2,790     $ 115,263     $ 126,048  
Mortgage-backed securities
    10,336       15,477       14,766       18,456       34,372       93,407  
Loans receivable(2)
    34,939       45,119       64,796       41,026       59,106       244,986  
Other interest earning assets(3)
    7,756                               7,756  
Total interest-earning assets
   $ 59,026      $ 60,596      $ 81,562      $ 62,272     $ 208,741     $ 472,197  
                                                 
Interest-bearing liabilities:
                                               
Savings accounts
    696       107       39,265       13,088       13,088       66,244  
Checking & money market accounts
          33,242       48,053       4,937       4,937       91,169  
Certificate accounts
    57,562       99,130       32,262       26,136             215,090  
FHLB advances
    18,022       66       13,184       89       340       31,701  
Real estate tax escrow accounts
    1,348                               1,348  
Other interest-bearing liabilities
                                               
Total interest-bearing Liabilities
   $ 77,628      $ 132,545      $ 132,764      $ 44,250     $ 18,365     $ 405,552  
                                                 
Interest-earning assets less interest-bearing liabilities
  ($ 18,602 )   ($ 71,949 )   ($ 51,202 )    $ 18,022     $ 190,376     $ 66,645  
                                                 
Cumulative interest-rate sensitivity gap(4)
  ($ 18,602 )   ($ 90,551 )   ($ 141,753 )   ($ 123,731 )   $ 66,645          
                                                 
Cumulative interest-rate gap as a percentage of total assets at September 30, 2008
    -3.80 %     -18.50 %     -28.97 %     -25.29 %     13.62 %        
                                                 
Cumulative interest-earning assets as a percentage of cumulative interest-bearing liabilities at September 30, 2008
    76.04 %     56.92 %     58.67 %     68.04 %     116.43 %        
     
   
(1)
Interest-earning assets are included in the period in which the balances are expected to be redeployed and/or repriced as a result of anticipated prepayments, scheduled rate adjustments and contractual maturities.
     
(2)
For purposes of the gap analysis, loans receivable includes non-performing loans gross of the allowance for loan losses, undisbursed loan funds, unamortized discounts and deferred loan fees.
     
(3)
Includes FHLB stock.
     
(4)
Interest-rate sensitivity gap represents the difference between total interest-earning assets and total interest-bearing liabilities.
 
          Certain shortcomings are inherent in the method of analysis presented in the foregoing table. For example, although certain assets and liabilities may have similar maturities or periods to repricing, they may react in different degrees to changes in market interest rates. Also, the interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities may fluctuate in advance of changes in market interest rates, while interest rates on other types may lag behind changes in market rates. Additionally, certain assets, such as adjustable-rate loans, have features which restrict changes in interest rates both on a short-term basis and over the life of the asset. Further, in the event of a change in interest rates, prepayment and early withdrawal levels would likely deviate significantly from those assumed in calculating the table. Finally, the ability of many borrowers to service their adjustable-rate loans may decrease in the event of an interest rate increase.

 
67

 
 
          Net Portfolio Value Analysis. Our interest rate sensitivity also is monitored by management through the use of a model which generates estimates of the changes in our net portfolio value (“NPV”) over a range of interest rate scenarios. NPV is the present value of expected cash flows from assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet contracts. The NPV ratio, under any interest rate scenario, is defined as the NPV in that scenario divided by the market value of assets in the same scenario. The following table sets forth our NPV as of September 30, 2008 and reflects the changes to NPV as a result of immediate and sustained changes in interest rates as indicated.
                       
Change in
Interest Rates
In Basis Points
(Rate Shock)
 
Net Portfolio Value
 
NPV as % of Portfolio
Value of Assets
 
                     
   
Amount
   
$ Change
   
% Change
   
NPV Ratio
   
Change
 
                                 
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
                                 
300
    $ 26,770     ($ 45,915 )     -63.17 %     6.31 %     -8.62 %
200
    $ 40,293     ($ 32,392 )     -44.56 %     9.09 %     -5.84 %
100
    $ 55,999     ($ 16,686 )     -22.96 %     12.06 %     -2.87 %
Static
    $ 72,685                   14.93 %      
(100)
    $ 82,074      $ 9,389       12.92 %     16.34 %     1.41 %
(200)
    $ 80,363      $ 7,678       10.56 %     15.86 %     0.93 %
(300)
    $ 78,555      $ 5,870       8.08 %     15.37 %     0.44 %
 
          As is the case with the GAP Table, certain shortcomings are inherent in the methodology used in the above interest rate risk measurements. Modeling changes in NPV require the making of certain assumptions which may or may not reflect the manner in which actual yields and costs respond to changes in market interest rates. In this regard, the models presented assume that the composition of our interest sensitive assets and liabilities existing at the beginning of a period remains constant over the period being measured and also assumes that a particular change in interest rates is reflected uniformly across the yield curve regardless of the duration to maturity or repricing of specific assets and liabilities. Accordingly, although the NPV model provides an indication of interest rate risk exposure at a particular point in time, such model is not intended to and does not provide a precise forecast of the effect of changes in market interest rates on net interest income and will differ from actual results.

 
68

 
 
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
 
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders’ of
Prudential Bancorp, Inc. of Pennsylvania and subsidiary
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition of Prudential Bancorp, Inc. of Pennsylvania and subsidiary (the “Company”) as of September 30, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 30, 2008. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Prudential Bancorp, Inc. of Pennsylvania and subsidiary at September 30, 2008 and 2007, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 30, 2008, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
 
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
 
December 29, 2008

 
69

 
 
PRUDENTIAL BANCORP, INC. OF PENNSYLVANIA AND SUBSIDIARY
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

   
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
ASSETS
           
             
Cash and amounts due from depository institutions
  $ 4,318     $ 4,133  
Interest-bearing deposits
    5,136       8,136  
                 
Total cash and cash equivalents
    9,454       12,269  
                 
Investment securities held to maturity (fair value—September 30, 2008, $120,741; September 30, 2007, $133,693)
    123,022       134,782  
Investment securities available for sale (amortized cost—September 30, 2008, $3,026; September 30, 2007, $38,007)
    2,922       38,343  
Mortgage-backed securities held to maturity (fair value—September 30, 2008, $39,811; September 30, 2007, $44,213)
    40,281       45,534  
Mortgage-backed securities available for sale (amortized cost—September 30, 2008, $53,126; September 30, 2007, $8,492)
    52,184       8,549  
Loans receivable—net of allowance for loan losses (September 30, 2008, $1,591; September 30, 2007, $1,011)
    243,969       219,149  
Accrued interest receivable:
               
Loans receivable
    1,291       1,264  
Mortgage-backed securities
    393       234  
Investment securities
    1,493       2,006  
Real Estate Owned
    1,488        
Federal Home Loan Bank stock—at cost
    2,620       2,397  
Office properties and equipment—net
    2,182       2,363  
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    7,147       7,274  
Deferred income taxes, net
    891       28  
                 
TOTAL ASSETS
  $ 489,337     $ 474,192  
                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
                 
LIABILITIES:
               
Deposits:
               
Noninterest-bearing
  $ 4,327     $ 4,480  
Interest-bearing
    372,503       349,558  
Total deposits
    376,830       354,038  
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank
    31,701       33,743  
Accrued interest payable
    3,471       2,868  
Advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance
    1,348       1,117  
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    6,581       913  
Accrued dividend payable
    531       552  
                 
Total liabilities
    420,462       393,231  
                 
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 13)
               
                 
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
               
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued
           
Common stock, $.01 par value, 40,000,000 shares authorized; issued 12,563,750; outstanding - 11,069,866 at September 30, 2008: 11,478,366 at September 30, 2007
    126       126  
Additional paid-in capital
    54,925       54,880  
Unearned ESOP shares
    (3,680 )     (3,903 )
Treasury stock, at cost: 1,493,884 shares at September 30, 2008; 1,085,384 shares at September 30, 2007
    (19,481 )     (14,372 )
Retained earnings (substantially restricted)
    37,676       43,971  
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
    (691 )     259  
                 
Total stockholders’ equity
    68,875       80,961  
                 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
  $ 489,337     $ 474,192  
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 
70

 

PRUDENTIAL BANCORP, INC. OF PENNSYLVANIA AND SUBSIDIARY
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

   
Years Ended September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(Dollars in Thousands Except Per Share Amounts)
 
INTEREST INCOME:
                 
Interest and fees on loans
  $ 14,349     $ 15,136     $ 13,077  
Interest on mortgage-backed securities
    3,780       2,820       3,147  
Interest and dividends on investments
    8,279       8,951       8,318  
                         
Total interest income
    26,408       26,907       24,542  
                         
INTEREST EXPENSE:
                       
Interest on deposits
    13,396       13,251       10,843  
Interest on borrowings
    1,258       1,533       1,092  
                         
Total interest expense
    14,654       14,784       11,935  
                         
NET INTEREST INCOME
    11,754       12,123       12,607  
                         
PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES
    1,084       395       60  
                         
NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES
    10,670       11,728       12,547  
                         
NON-INTEREST INCOME:
                       
Fees and other service charges
    539       613       549  
Gain on sale of real estate owned
                106  
Gain on sale of mortgage-backed securities
                48  
Impairment charge on investment and mortgage-backed securities
    (2,218 )            
Loss on redemption of investment securities
    (4,016 )            
Other
    410       433       235  
                         
Total non-interest income (charges)
    (5,285 )     1,046       938  
                         
NON-INTEREST EXPENSES:
                       
Salaries and employee benefits
    4,342       4,536       4,466  
Data processing
    505       489       468  
Professional services
    586       608       600  
Office occupancy
    382       356       328  
Depreciation
    336       246       242  
Payroll taxes
    264       262       256  
Director compensation
    258       264       260  
Other
    2,102       1,229       1,255  
                         
Total non-interest expenses
    8,775       7,990       7,875  
                         
(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES
    (3,390 )     4,784       5,610  
                         
INCOME TAXES:
                       
Current
    1,128       1,455       1,646  
Deferred (benefit) expense
    (373 )     (68 )     127  
                         
Total
    755       1,387       1,773  
                         
NET (LOSS) INCOME
  $ (4,145 )   $ 3,397     $ 3,837  
                         
BASIC (LOSS) EARNINGS PER SHARE
  $ (0.38 )   $ 0.30     $ 0.32  
                         
DILUTED (LOSS) EARNINGS PER SHARE
  $ (0.38 )   $ 0.30     $ 0.32  
                         
DIVIDENDS PER SHARE
  $ 0.20     $ 0.19     $ 0.16  

 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 

 
71

 


PRUDENTIAL BANCORP, INC. OF PENNSYLVANIA AND SUBSIDIARY
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

                                                 
   
Common
Stock
   
Additional
Paid-In
Capital
   
Unearned
ESOP
Shares
   
Treasury
Stock
   
Retained
Earnings
   
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
   
Total
Stockholders
Equity
   
Comprehensive
Income
 
                                                 
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
                                                 
BALANCE, SEPTEMBER 30, 2005
  $ 126     $ 54,734     $ (4,350 )   $ (654 )   $ 40,595     $ 375     $ 90,826        
                                                               
Comprehensive income:
                                                             
                                                               
Net income
                                    3,837               3,837       3,837  
                                                                 
Net unrealized holding gain on available for sale securities arising during the period, net of income tax expense of $84
                                            159       159       159  
                                                                 
Comprehensive income
                                                          $ 3,996  
Cash dividends ($0.16 per share)
                                    (1,893 )             (1,893 )        
                                                                 
Treasury stock purchased
                            (5,768 )                     (5,768 )        
                                                                 
ESOP shares committed to be released
            64       223                               287          
                                                                 
BALANCE, SEPTEMBER 30, 2006
  $ 126     $ 54,798     $ (4,127 )   $ (6,422 )   $ 42,539     $ 534     $ 87,448          
                                                                 
Cummulative adjustment related to the adoption of SAB 108
                                    172               172          
                                                                 
Comprehensive income:
                                                               
                                                                 
Net income
                                    3,397               3,397       3,397  
                                                                 
Net unrealized holding loss on available for sale securities arising during the period, net of income tax benefit of $153
                                            (275 )     (275 )     (275 )
                                                                 
Comprehensive income
                                                          $ 3,122  
Cash dividends ($0.19 per share)
                                    (2,137 )             (2,137 )        
                                                                 
Treasury stock purchased
                            (7,950 )                     (7,950 )        
                                                                 
ESOP shares committed to be released
            82       224                               306          
                                                                 
BALANCE, SEPTEMBER 30, 2007
  $ 126     $ 54,880     $ (3,903 )   $ (14,372 )   $ 43,971     $ 259     $ 80,961          
                                                                 
Comprehensive income and loss:
                                                               
                                                                 
Net loss
                                    (4,145 )             (4,145 )     (4,145 )
                                                                 
Net unrealized holding loss on available for sale securities arising during the period, net of income tax benefit of $1,243
                                            (2,414 )     (2,414 )     (2,414 )
                                                                 
Reclassification adjustment for other than temporary impairment net of tax of $754
                                            1,464       1,464       1,464  
                                                                 
Comprehensive loss
                                                          $ (5,095 )
                                                                 
Cash dividends ($0.20 per share)
                                    (2,150 )             (2,150 )        
                                                                 
Treasury stock purchased
                            (5,109 )                     (5,109 )        
                                                                 
ESOP shares committed to be released
            45       223                               268          
                                                                 
BALANCE, SEPTEMBER 30, 2008
  $ 126     $ 54,925     $ (3,680 )   $ (19,481 )   $ 37,676     $ (691 )   $ 68,875          
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements

 
72

 

PRUDENTIAL BANCORP, INC. OF PENNSYLVANIA AND SUBSIDIARY
 
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

   
Years Ended September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
                 
Net (loss) income
  $ (4,145 )   $ 3,397     $ 3,837  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
                       
Provision for loan losses
    1,084       395       60  
Depreciation
    336       246       242  
Net gain on sale of real estate owned
                (106 )
Net gain on sale of mortgage-backed securities held to maturity
                (48 )
Net accretion of premiums/discounts
    (307 )     (72 )     (48 )
Income from bank owned life insurance
    (201 )     (210 )     (165 )
Amortization of deferred loan fees
    (253 )     (347 )     (333 )
Amortization of ESOP
    268       306       287  
Impairment charge on investment and mortgage-backed securities
    2,218              
Impairment charge on real estate owned
    163              
Loss on redemption of investment securities
    4,016              
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense
    (373 )     (68 )     127  
Changes in assets and liabilities which (used) provided cash:
                       
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    5,668       (313 )     (838 )
Accrued interest payable
    603       (25 )     967  
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    620       (468 )     (3,773 )
Accrued interest receivable
    387       (309 )     (395 )
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
    10,084       2,532       (186 )
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
                       
Purchase of investment securities held to maturity
    (82,919 )     (25,990 )     (6,227 )
Purchase of investment securities available for sale
    (2,000 )            
Purchase of mortgage-backed securities held to maturity
          (1,992 )      
Purchase of mortgage-backed available for sale
    (23,324 )     (4,770 )     (4,610 )
Principal collected on loans
    49,281       71,550       47,943  
Principal payments received on mortgage-backed securities:
                       
Held-to-maturity
    5,299       7,195       11,934  
Available for sale
    2,970       814       77  
Loans originated or acquired
    (76,583 )     (71,329 )     (91,996 )
Proceeds from call/maturity or sale of investment securities:
                       
Held to maturity
    94,688       23,307       4,000  
Available for sale
    1,999              
Proceeds from sale of mortgage-backed securities
                4,612  
Net purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    (223 )     (180 )     (406 )
Proceeds from sale of real estate owned
                466  
Proceeds from redemption of investment available for sale
    4,367              
Purchases of equipment
    (155 )     (888 )     (217 )
Net cash used in investing activities
    (26,600 )     (2,283 )     (34,424 )
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
                       
Net decrease in demand deposits, NOW accounts, and savings accounts
    (1,732 )     (12,219 )     (16,460 )
Net increase in certificates of deposit
    24,524       18,964       27,285  
Net (repayment) borrowing with Federal Home Loan Bank
    (2,042 )     1,959       17,960  
Increase (decrease) in advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance
    231       (113 )     116  
Cash dividends paid
    (2,171 )     (2,049 )     (1,910 )
Purchase of treasury stock
    (5,109 )     (7,950 )     (5,768 )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    13,701       (1,408 )     21,223  
NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
    (2,815 )     (1,159 )     (13,387 )
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—Beginning of year
    12,269       13,428       26,815  
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—End of year
  $ 9,454     $ 12,269     $ 13,428  
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
                       
Interest paid on deposits and advances from Federal
                       
Home Loan Bank
  $ 14,052     $ 14,806     $ 10,968  
                         
Income taxes paid
  $ 750     $ 1,628     $ 1,616  
                         
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF NONCASH ITEMS:
                       
Real estate acquired in settlement of loans
  $ 1,651     $     $  
                         
Mortgage-backed securities received through redemption in kind
  $ 24,755     $     $  
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 
73

 
 
PRUDENTIAL BANCORP, INC. OF PENNSYLVANIA AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2008, 2007 AND 2006

   
1.
NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
   
 
Prudential Bancorp, Inc. of Pennsylvania (the “Company”) is a Pennsylvania corporation, which was organized to be the mid-tier holding company for Prudential Savings Bank (the “Bank”), which is a Pennsylvania-chartered, FDIC-insured savings bank with seven full service branches in the Philadelphia area. The Company was organized in conjunction with the Bank’s reorganization from a mutual savings bank to the mutual holding company structure in March 2005. Financial statements prior to the reorganization were the financial statements of the Bank. The Bank is principally in the business of attracting deposits from its community through its branch offices and investing those deposits, together with funds from borrowings and operations, primarily in single-family residential loans. The Bank’s sole subsidiary as of September 30, 2008 was PSB Delaware, Inc. (“PSB”), a Delaware-chartered company established to hold certain investments of the Bank. As of September 30, 2008, PSB had assets of $97.1 million primarily consisting of mortgage-backed securities.
   
 
Prudential Mutual Holding Company, a Pennsylvania corporation, is the mutual holding company parent of the Company. As of September 30, 2008, Prudential Mutual Holding Company owns 63.4% (7,023,062 shares) of the Company’s outstanding common stock and must always own at least a majority of the voting stock of the Company. In addition to the shares of the Company, Prudential Mutual Holding Company was capitalized with $100,000 in cash from the Bank in connection with the completion of the reorganization. The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of the Company and the Bank. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
   
 
Prior to the reorganization described above, the Board of Directors approved a plan of charter conversion in May 2004 pursuant to which the Bank would convert its charter from a Pennsylvania-chartered mutual savings and loan association to a Pennsylvania-chartered mutual savings bank. Such conversion was subject to receipt of both member and regulatory approval. The members of the Bank approved the plan of conversion at a special meeting held on July 20, 2004 and the Pennsylvania Department of Banking approved the Bank’s application to convert its charter on July 21, 2004. The conversion to a Pennsylvania-chartered mutual savings bank was completed on August 20, 2004. As a result of the charter conversion, the Bank’s primary federal banking regulator changed from the Office of Thrift Supervision to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Pennsylvania Department of Banking remains as the Bank’s state banking regulator.
   
2.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
   
 
ConsolidationThe accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and the Bank. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
 
 
74

 

 
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial StatementsThe preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. The most significant estimates and assumptions in the Company’s financial statements are recorded in the allowance for loan losses, the fair value measurement for investment securities available for sale and deferred income taxes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
   
 
Cash and Cash EquivalentsFor purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash and amounts due from depository institutions and interest-bearing deposits (maturing within 90 days).
   
 
Investment Securities and Mortgage-Backed SecuritiesThe Bank classifies and accounts for debt and equity securities as follows:
   
 
Held to Maturity—Debt securities that management has the positive intent and ability to hold until maturity are classified as held to maturity and are carried at their remaining unpaid principal balance, net of unamortized premiums or unaccreted discounts. Premiums are amortized and discounts are accreted using the interest method over the estimated remaining term of the underlying security.
   
 
Available for Sale—Debt and equity securities that will be held for indefinite periods of time, including securities that may be sold in response to changes in market interest or prepayment rates, needs for liquidity, and changes in the availability of and the yield of alternative investments, are classified as available for sale. These assets are carried at fair value. Fair value is determined using public market prices, dealer quotes, and prices obtained from independent pricing services that may be derivable from observable and unobservable market inputs. Unrealized gains and losses are excluded from earnings and are reported net of tax as a separate component of stockholders’ equity until realized. Realized gains or losses on the sale of investment and mortgage-backed securities are reported in earnings as of the trade date and determined using the adjusted cost of the specific security sold.
   
 
Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. For all securities that are in an unrealized loss position for an extended period of time and for all securities whose fair value is significantly below amortized cost, the Company performs an evaluation of the specific events attributable to the market decline of the security. The Company considers the length of time and extent to which the security’s market value has been below cost as well as the general market conditions, industry characteristics, and the fundamental operating results of the issuer to determine if the decline is other-than-temporary. The Company also considers as part of the evaluation its intent and ability to hold the security until its market value has recovered to a level at least equal to the amortized cost. When the Company determines that a security’s unrealized loss is other-than-temporary, a realized loss is recognized in the period in which the decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary. The write-downs are measured based on public market prices of the security at the time the Company determines the decline in value was other-than-temporary.
   
 
Loans ReceivableMortgage loans consist of loans secured primarily by first liens on 1-4 family residential properties and are stated at their unpaid principal balances net of unamortized net fees/costs. Other loans consist of residential construction loans, consumer loans, commercial real estate loans, commercial business loans, and loans secured by savings accounts which are likewise stated at their unpaid principal balances net of unamortized net fees/costs. Generally, the intent of management is to hold loans originated and purchased to maturity. The Bank defers all loan fees, net of certain direct loan origination costs. The balance is accreted into interest income as a yield adjustment over the life of the loan using the interest method.
 
 
75

 
 
 
Allowance for Loan LossesThe allowance for loan losses is determined by management based upon past experience, evaluation of estimated loss and impairment in the loan portfolio, current economic conditions and other pertinent factors. The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level that management considers adequate to provide for estimated losses and impairment based upon an evaluation of known and inherent risk in the loan portfolio. Loan impairment is evaluated based on the fair value of collateral or estimated net realizable value. While management uses the best information available to make such evaluations, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary if economic conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the evaluations.
   
 
The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense which is based upon past loan and loss experience and an evaluation of estimated losses in the current loan portfolio, including the evaluation of impaired loans. In determining the allowance for loan losses, management has established both specific and general pooled allowances. Specific allowance is generally established for loans deemed impaired in accordance with SFAS 114. The general component covers classified and  nonclassified loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors.
   
 
Under SFAS No. 114, "Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan- an amendment of FASB Statements No. 5 and 15", a loan is considered to be impaired when, based upon current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan. An insignificant delay or insignificant shortfall in amount of payments does not necessarily result in the loan being identified as impaired. The Bank measures impaired loans based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, or the loan's observable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral-dependent. Impairment losses are included in the provision for loan losses.
   
 
Mortgage Servicing RightsThe Bank originates mortgage loans held for investment and held for sale. At origination, the mortgage loan is identified as either held for sale or for investment. Mortgage loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or the value of forward committed contracts (which approximates market), determined on a net aggregate basis. The Bank had no loans classified as held for sale at September 30, 2008 and 2007.
   
 
The Bank assesses the retained interest in the servicing asset or liability associated with the sold loans based on the relative fair values. The servicing asset or liability is amortized in proportion to and over the period during which estimated net servicing income or net servicing loss, as appropriate, will be received. Assessment of the fair value of the retained interest is performed on a continual basis. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, mortgage servicing rights of $18,000 and $23,000, respectively, were included in prepaid expenses and other assets. No valuation allowance was deemed necessary at the periods presented.
   
 
Amortization of the servicing asset totaled $6,000, $5,000 and $7,000 for the years ended September 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
   
 
Unamortized Premiums and DiscountsUnamortized premiums and discounts on loans receivable, mortgage-backed securities and investment securities are amortized over the estimated average lives of the loans or securities purchased using a method which approximates the interest method.
 
 
76

 

 
Real Estate OwnedReal estate acquired through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure is initially recorded at the lower of book value or the estimated fair value at the date of acquisition, less estimated selling costs, establishing a new cost basis. Costs related to the development and improvement of real estate owned properties are capitalized and those relating to holding the properties are charged to expense. After foreclosure, valuations are periodically performed by management and write-downs are recorded, if necessary, by a charge to operations if the carrying value of a property exceeds its estimated fair value minus estimated costs to sell.
   
 
FHLB StockFHLB stock is classified as a restricted equity security because ownership is restricted and there is not an established market for its resale. FHLB stock is carried at cost and is evaluated for impairment when certain conditions warrant further consideration.
   
 
Office Properties and EquipmentLand is carried at cost. Office properties and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the expected useful lives of the assets. The costs of maintenance and repairs are expensed as they are incurred, and renewals and betterments are capitalized and depreciated over their useful lives.
   
 
Cash Surrender Value of Life InsuranceThe Bank funds the premiums for insurance policies on the lives of certain directors of the Bank. The cash surrender value of the insurance policies, up to the total amount of premiums paid, is recorded as an asset in the statements of financial condition and included in other assets. In fiscal 2006, the Company purchased $5.0 million of bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”). The BOLI provides an attractive tax-exempt return to the Company and is being used by the Company to fund various employee benefit plans. The BOLI is included in other assets at its cash surrender value.
   
 
Dividend Payable – On September 25, 2008, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $.05 per share on the common stock of the Company payable on October 24, 2008 to the shareholders of record at the close of business on October 10, 2008. The Company had 11,069,866 shares outstanding at the time of the dividend declaration resulting in a payable of $531,000 at September 30, 2008. A portion of the cash dividend was payable to Prudential Mutual Holding Company on the shares of the Company’s common stock it owns and totaled $353,000.
   
 
Employee Stock Ownership Plan In fiscal year 2005, the Bank established an employee stock ownership plan (“ESOP”) for substantially all of its full-time employees. The ESOP purchased 452,295 shares of the Company’s common stock on the open market for approximately $4.5 million. The Bank accounts for its ESOP in accordance with Statement of Position (“SOP”) 93-6, Employers’ Accounting for Employee Stock Ownership Plans. Shares of the Company’s common stock purchased by the ESOP are held in a suspense account until released for allocation to participants. Shares released will be allocated to each eligible participant based on the ratio of each such participant’s compensation, as defined in the ESOP, to the total compensation of all eligible plan participants. As the unearned shares are released from suspense, the Company recognizes compensation expense equal to the fair value of the ESOP shares during the periods in which they become committed to be released. To the extent that the fair value of the ESOP shares released differs from the cost of such shares, the difference is recorded to equity as additional paid-in capital. As of September 30, 2008 the Company had allocated a total of 62,205 shares from the suspense account to participants and committed to release an additional 16,965 shares. The Company recognized compensation expense related to the ESOP of $257,000, $306,000 and $287,000 the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 respectively,
 
 
77

 

 
Treasury Stock Stock held in treasury by the Company is accounted for using the cost method, which treats stock held in treasury as a reduction to total stockholders’ equity. On January 22, 2008, the Company announced its sixth stock repurchase program to repurchase up to 220,000 shares or approximately 5% of the Company’s outstanding common stock held by shareholders other than Prudential Mutual Holding Company (the “MHC”). The program commenced upon completion of the fifth stock repurchase program. The program was completed during May 2008. In addition, the MHC announced that its Board of Directors also approved the purchase of 220,000 shares or approximately 5% of the Company’s common stock held by shareholders other than the MHC. As of September 30, 2008, The MHC had purchased 113,000 shares at an average cost of $11.05 per share. The average cost per share of the shares which have been repurchased by the Company was $12.51, $13.57 and $13.32 per share during fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The repurchased shares are available for general corporate purposes.
   
 
Comprehensive Income—The Company presents in the statement of comprehensive income those amounts from transactions and other events which currently are excluded from the statement of income and are recorded directly to stockholders’ equity. For the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the only components of comprehensive income were net income and unrealized holding gains and losses, net of income tax expense and benefit, on available for sale securities. A comprehensive loss of $5.1 was recognized for the year ended September 30, 2008. Comprehensive income totaled $3.1 million and $4.0 million for the years ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
   
 
Loan Origination and Commitment FeesThe Bank defers loan origination and commitment fees, net of certain direct loan origination costs. The balance is accreted into income as a yield adjustment over the life of the loan using the level-yield method.
   
 
Interest on LoansThe Bank recognizes interest on loans on the accrual basis. Income recognition is generally discontinued when a loan becomes 90 days or more delinquent. Any interest previously accrued is deducted from interest income. Such interest ultimately collected is credited to income when collection of principal and interest is no longer in doubt.
   
 
Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes and FIN No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109. SFAS No. 109 requires the recording of deferred income taxes that reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Management exercises significant judgment in the evaluation of the amount and timing of the recognition of the resulting tax assets and liabilities. The judgments and estimates required for the evaluation are updated based upon changes in business factors and the tax laws. If actual results differ from the assumptions and other considerations used in estimating the amount and timing of tax recognized, there can be no assurance that additional expenses will not be required in future periods. On October 1, 2007, the Company incorporated FIN No. 48 with its existing accounting policy. FIN No. 48 prescribes a minimum probability threshold that a tax position must meet before a financial statement benefit is recognized. The Company recognizes, when applicable, interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes in the consolidated income statement. Assessment of uncertain tax positions under FIN No. 48 requires careful consideration of the technical merits of a position based on management’s analysis of tax regulations and interpretations. Significant judgment may be involved in applying the requirements of FIN No. 48.
 
 
78

 

 
Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging ActivitiesThe Company adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as amended by SFAS Nos. 137 and 138, and as interpreted by the FASB and the Derivatives Implementation Group through “Statement 133 Implementation Issues,” as of October 1, 2000. Currently, the Company has no instruments with embedded derivatives. The Company currently does not employ hedging activities that require designation as either fair value or cash flow hedges, or hedges of a net investment in a foreign operation.
   
 
Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of LiabilitiesThe Company accounts for transfers and servicing of financial assets in accordance with SFAS No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities (a replacement of SFAS No. 125). This statement revises the standards for accounting for securitizations and other transfers of financial assets and collateral and requires certain disclosures, but it carries over most of the provisions of SFAS No. 125 without reconsideration. The statement requires an entity to recognize the financial and servicing assets it controls and the liabilities it has incurred, derecognize financial assets when control has been surrendered, and derecognize liabilities when extinguished. It requires that servicing assets and other retained interests in the transferred assets be measured by allocating the previous carrying amount between the asset sold, if any, and retained interests, if any, based on their relative fair values at the date of transfer.
   
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
   
 
On July 13, 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”), which is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” This Interpretation prescribes a comprehensive model for how a company should recognize, measure, present and disclose in its financial statements uncertain tax positions that the company has taken or expects to take on a tax return. The Company adopted FIN 48 on October 1, 2007, and the adoption did not have a significant impact of on the Company’s financial statements.
   
 
In September 2006, the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) of FASB issued EITF Issue No. 06-4, “Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements” (EITF 06-04). EITF 06-4 requires the recognition of a liability related to the postretirement benefits covered by an endorsement split-dollar life insurance arrangement. EITF 06-4 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007, with earlier application permitted. The Company adopted the provisions of the EITF on October 1, 2008 and is currently assessing the impact of the adoption of EITF 06-04 on its financial statements, but does not expect it to be material.
   
 
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 does not require any new fair value measurements. The definition of fair value retains the exchange price notion in earlier definitions of fair value. SFAS No. 157 clarifies that the exchange price is the price in an orderly transaction between market participants to sell the asset or transfer the liability in the market in which the reporting entity would transact for the asset or liability. The definition focuses on the price that would be received to sell the asset or paid to transfer the liability (an exit price), not the price that would be paid to acquire the asset or received to assume the liability (an entry price). SFAS No. 157 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement. FSP No. 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157, issued in February 2008, delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in an entity’s financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually), to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company is currently assessing the impact of SFAS No. 157 on its financial statements.
 
 
79

 

     
 
SFAS No. 157 establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
     
 
Level 1
Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
     
 
Level 2
Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
     
 
Level 3
Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.
     
 
In October 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active” (“FSP FAS 157-3”). The purpose of FSP FAS 157-3 was to clarify the application of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”), for a market that is not active. It also allows for the use of management’s internal assumptions about future cash flows with appropriately risk-adjusted discount rates when relevant observable market data does not exist. FSP FAS 157-3 did not change the objective of SFAS 157 which is the determination of the price that would be received in an orderly transaction that is not a forced liquidation or distressed sale at the measurement date. FSP FAS 157-3 was effective upon issuance, including prior periods for which financial statements had not been issued. The Company is currently assessing the impact of FAS No. 157-3 on its financial statements.
     
 
In September 2006, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued SAB No. 108 expressing the SEC staff’s views regarding the process of quantifying financial statement misstatements and the build up of improper amounts on the balance sheet. SAB No. 108 requires that registrants quantify errors using both a balance sheet and income statement approach and evaluate whether either approach results in a misstated amount that, when all relevant quantitative and qualitative factors are considered, is material. The built up misstatements, while not considered material in the individual years in which the misstatements were built up, may be considered material in a subsequent year if a company were to correct those misstatements through current period earnings. Initial application of SAB No. 108 allows registrants to elect not to restate prior periods but to reflect the initial application in their annual financial statements covering the first fiscal year ending after November 15, 2006. The cumulative effect of the initial application should be reported in the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities as of the beginning of that fiscal year and the offsetting adjustment, net of tax, should be made to the opening balance of retained earnings for that year.

 
80

 

 
The Company implemented SAB No. 108 on October 1, 2006 which resulted in an increase in mortgage-backed securities held to maturity of approximately $321,000, an increase in income tax liabilities of approximately $149,000 and a cumulative adjustment to increase retained earnings as of that date by approximately $172,000. The adjustment relates to two separate accounting entries. The first entry pertains to the method of accounting that was utilized in past years for the recognition of investment income on mortgage-backed securities. Prior to fiscal 2006, the Company used the straight line method over the contractual life of the securities rather than using the effective yield method prescribed by SFAS No. 91, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Fees and Costs Associated with Originating or Acquiring Loans and Initial Direct Costs of Leases”. The impact of this entry was the correction of an understatement of mortgage-backed securities by approximately $321,000 and a corresponding understatement of income tax payable of $109,000. The second entry relates to a write off of a deferred tax asset of approximately $40,000 that was incorrectly accounted for in prior periods.
   
 
In prior periods, management performed a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the differences between these two methods of accounting and concluded that there was not a material impact on any past individual quarter or annual reporting periods.
   
 
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”. The Statement provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value. This Statement is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. Early adoption is permitted under certain circumstances. The Company adopted SFAS No. 159 as of October 1, 2008 and it did not have an impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operation as the Company did not elect to fair value any of its financial assets and financial liabilities that are not currently required to be measured at fair value.
   
 
In March 2007, the FASB ratified EITF Issue No. 06-10 “Accounting for Collateral Assignment Split-Dollar Life Insurance Agreements: (EITF 06-10). EITF 06-10 provides guidance for determining a liability for the postretirement benefit obligation as well as recognition and measurement of the associated asset on the basis of the terms of the collateral assignment agreement. EITF 06-10 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007. The Company adopted the provisions of the EITF on October 1, 2008 and is currently assessing the impact of the adoption of EITF 06-10 on its financial statements, but does not expect it to be material.
   
 
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” (“SFAS No. 162”). SFAS No. 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with GAAP. SFAS No. 162 is effective sixty days following the SEC approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) amendments to AU Section 411, The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The Company does not expect SFAS No. 162 will have an impact on its financial condition or results of operations as it is not expected to change its current practices.

 
81

 
 
 
In September 2008, the FASB issued a FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) No. FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4 “Disclosures about Credit Derivatives and Certain Guarantees: An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 and FASB Interpretation No. 45”; and “Clarification of the Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 161”. The FSP is intended to improve disclosures about credit derivatives by requiring more information about the potential adverse effects of changes in credit risk on the financial position, financial performance, and cash flows of the sellers of credit derivatives. It amends FASB Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, to require disclosures by sellers of credit derivatives, including credit derivatives embedded in hybrid instruments. This FSP encourages that the amendments to SFAS No. 133 and Interpretation 45 be applied in periods earlier than the effective date to facilitate comparisons at initial adoption. In periods after initial adoption, this FSP requires comparative disclosures only for periods ending subsequent to initial adoption. The FSP is effective for reporting periods (annual or interim) ending after November 15, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the requirements of FSP Nos. FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4 and has not yet determined the impact, if any, on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.
   
3.
EARNINGS PER SHARE
   
 
Basic earnings per common share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding and common share equivalents (“CSEs”) that would arise from the exercise of dilutive securities. As of September 30, 2008, the Company had not issued and did not have outstanding any CSEs.
   
 
The calculated basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows:
 
                     
     
Year Ended September 30,
 
 
 
 
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
        (Dollars in Thousands Except Per Share Data) 
 
Net (loss) income
  $ (4,145 )   $ 3,397     $ 3,837  
                           
 
Weighted average shares outstanding used in basic earnings per share computation
    10,832,957       11,404,314       11,919,101  
 
Effect of CSEs
                 
 
Adjusted weighted average shares used in diluted earnings per share computation
    10,832,957       11,404,314       11,919,101  
                           
 
(Loss) earnings per share - basic and diluted
  $ (0.38 )   $ 0.30     $ 0.32  
 
 
82

 
 
4.
INVESTMENT SECURITIES
   
 
The amortized cost and fair value of securities, with gross unrealized gains and losses, are as follows:
 
     
September 30, 2008
 
     
Amortized
Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
     
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
 
Securities Held to Maturity:
                       
 
Debt securities - U.S. Treasury securities and securities of U.S. Government agencies
  $ 120,572     $ 112     $ (2,377 )   $ 118,307  
 
Debt securities - Municipal bonds
    2,450             (16 )     2,434  
                                   
 
Total securities held to maturity
  $ 123,022     $ 112     $ (2,393 )   $ 120,741  
                                   
 
Securities Available for Sale:
                               
 
Debt securities - U.S. Treasury securities and securities of U.S. Government agencies
  $ 3,000     $     $ (124 )   $ 2,876  
 
FNMA stock
          1             1  
 
FHLMC preferred stock
    26       19             45  
                                   
 
Total securities available for sale
  $ 3,026     $ 20     $ (124 )   $ 2,922  

     
September 30, 2007
 
     
Amortized
Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
     
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
 
Securities Held to Maturity:
                       
 
Debt securities - U.S. Treasury securities and securities of U.S. Government agencies
  $ 132,332     $ 109     $ (1,159 )   $ 131,282  
 
Debt securities - Municipal bonds
    2,450       1       (40 )     2,411  
                                   
 
Total securities held to maturity
  $ 134,782     $ 110     $ (1,199 )   $ 133,693  
                                   
 
Securities Available for Sale:
                               
 
Debt securities - U.S. Treasury securities and securities of U.S. Government agencies
  $ 2,999     $     $ (30 )   $ 2,969  
 
FNMA stock
          7             7  
 
Mutual fund
    34,982             (1,175 )     33,807  
 
FHLMC preferred stock
    26       1,534             1,560  
                                   
 
Total securities available for sale
  $ 38,007     $ 1,541     $ (1,205 )   $ 38,343  
 
 
83

 

 
During the second quarter of 2008, the Company analyzed the continued decline in the fair value of the Company’s investment in its $35.0 million mutual funds portfolio and identified the impairment of these securities as other than temporary, recording a pretax loss of $1.5 million as an other than temporary charge against operating results. Due to the continued decline in the NAV of the $35.0 investment in a mutual fund and the fund manager’s decision to activate the redemption in kind provision, the Bank redeemed its shares in the fund during June 2008. As a result, the Bank received approximately $4.3 million in cash and $24.7 million of securities based on its representative interest in the securities held by the mutual fund. The securities received in the redemption are classified as mortgage-backed securities available for sale. The decline in the NAV and a subsequent impairment charge related to the securities held by the fund resulted in a pre-tax charge of $6.2 million for the year ended September 30, 2008.
   
 
The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and related estimated fair values of the Company’s investment securities, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position at September 30, 2008:

                           
     
Less than 12 months
   
More than 12 months
 
     
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
     
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
 
Securities Held to Maturity:
                       
 
U.S. Treasury and Government agencies
  $ 2,377     $ 99,203     $     $  
 
Municipal bonds
    9       1,280       7       343  
                                   
 
Total securities held to maturity
    2,386       100,483       7       343  
                                   
 
Securities Available for Sale:
                               
 
U.S. Treasury and Government agencies
    124       2,876              
                                   
 
Total securities available for sale
    124       2,876              
                                   
 
Total
  $ 2,510     $ 103,359     $ 7     $ 343  
 
 
84

 
 
 
The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and related estimated fair values of the Company’s investment securities, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position at September 30, 2007:
 
     
Less than 12 months
   
More than 12 months
 
     
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
     
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
 
Securities Held to Maturity:
                       
 
U.S. Treasury and Government agencies
  $ 92     $ 14,899     $ 1,067     $ 82,715  
 
Municipal bonds
                40       1,599  
                                   
 
Total securities held to maturity
    92       14,899       1,107       84,314  
                                   
 
Securities Available for Sale:
                               
 
U.S. Treasury and Government agencies
                30       2,969  
 
Mutual fund
                1,175       33,807  
                                   
 
Total securities available for sale
                1,205       36,776  
                                   
 
Total
  $ 92     $ 14,899     $ 2,312     $ 121,090  
 
 
Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. The Company determines whether the unrealized losses are temporary in accordance with EITF 99-20, Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Asset, when applicable and FSP SFAS No. 115-1 and SFAS No. 124-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments. For all securities that are in an unrealized loss position for an extended period of time and for all securities whose fair value is significantly below amortized cost, the Company performs an evaluation of the specific events attributable to the market decline of the security. The evaluation is based upon factors such as the creditworthiness of the issuers/guarantors, the underlying collateral, if applicable, and the continuing performance of the securities. The Company considers the length of time and extent to which the security’s market value has been below cost as well as the general market conditions, industry characteristics, and the fundamental operating results of the issuer to determine if the decline is other-than-temporary. The Company also considers as part of the evaluation its intent and ability to hold the security until its market value has recovered to a level at least equal to the amortized cost. When the Company determines that a security’s unrealized loss is other-than-temporary, a realized loss is recognized in the period in which the decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary. The write-downs of the securities are measured based on public market prices, dealer quotes, and prices obtained from independent pricing services that may be derivable from observable and unobservable market inputs at the time the Company determines the decline in value was other-than-temporary.
 
 
85

 

 
At September 30, 2008, securities in a gross unrealized loss position for twelve months or longer consisted of one security having an aggregate depreciation of 2.1% from the Company’s amortized cost basis. Securities in a gross unrealized loss position for less than twelve months consist of 84 securities having an aggregate depreciation of 2.4% from the Company’s amortized cost basis. The Company believes the unrealized losses are due to increases in market interest rates since the time the underlying securities were purchased. The fixed income markets, in particular those segments that include a credit spread, have been negatively impacted during 2008 as credit spreads widened dramatically. The Company believes recovery of fair value is expected as credit spreads return to more normal levels, as the securities approach their maturity date or as valuations for such securities improve as market yields change. Although the fair value will fluctuate as the market interest rates move, the majority of the Company’s investment portfolio consists of low-risk securities from U.S. government agencies or government sponsored enterprises As of September 30, 2008, management concluded that an other-than-temporary impairment did not exist based upon its analysis performed and in addition to the Company’s ability and intent to hold these investments for a period of time sufficient to allow for the anticipated recovery of fair value, which may be maturity.
   
 
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
 
     
  September 30, 2008
     
  Held to Maturity
   
  Available for Sale
     
Amortized
Cost
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
   
Amortized
Cost
   
  Estimated
Fair
Value
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Due within one year
  $     $     $     $  
 
Due after one through five years
    4,790       4,820              
 
Due after five through ten years
    51,084       50,311       1,000       991  
 
Due after ten years
    67,148       65,610       2,000       1,885  
                                   
 
Total
  $ 123,022     $ 120,741     $ 3,000     $ 2,876  

     
September 30, 2007
     
Held to Maturity
 
Available for Sale
   
 
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
     
  (Dollars in Thousands) 
 
Due within one year
  $ 6,000   $ 5,981   $   $  
 
Due after one through five years
    25,002     24,950          
 
Due after five through ten years
    39,592     39,427     1,000     999  
 
Due after ten years
    64,188     63,335     1,999     1,970  
                             
 
Total
  $ 134,782   $ 133,693   $ 2,999   $ 2,969  
 
 
86

 

5.
MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES
 
          Mortgage-backed securities are summarized as follows:
                           
     
September 30, 2008
 
     
Amortized
Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
     
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
 
Securities held to maturity
                       
 
GNMA pass-through certificates
  $ 37,438     $ 79     $ (536 )   $ 36,981  
 
FNMA pass-through certificates
    1,344             (29 )     1,315  
 
FHLMC pass-through certificates
    1,499       16             1,515  
                                   
 
Total securities held to maturity
  $ 40,281     $ 95     $ (565 )   $ 39,811  
                                   
 
Securities available for sale
                               
 
GNMA
  $ 18,211     $ 198     $ (87 )   $ 18,322  
 
FNMA
    18,054       274       (73 )     18,255  
 
FHLMC
    1,813       29             1,842  
 
Non agency
    15,048       32       (1,315 )     13,765  
                                   
 
Total securities available for sale
  $ 53,126     $ 533     $ (1,475 )   $ 52,184  

     
September 30, 2007
 
     
Amortized
Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
     
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
 
Securities held to maturity
                       
 
GNMA pass-through certificates
  $ 42,471     $ 22     $ (1,261 )   $ 41,232  
 
FNMA pass-through certificates
    1,370             (60 )     1,310  
 
FHLMC pass-through certificates
    1,693             (22 )     1,671  
                                   
 
Total securities held to maturity
  $ 45,534     $ 22     $ (1,343 )   $ 44,213  
                                   
 
Securities available for sale
                               
 
FNMA pass-through certificates
  $ 8,492     $ 66     $ (9 )   $ 8,549  
                                   
 
Total securities available for sale
  $ 8,492     $ 66     $ (9 )   $ 8,549  
 
 
There were no mortgage-backed securities sold during fiscal 2008 or 2007. During fiscal 2006, $4.6 million of mortgage-backed securities were sold at a pre-tax gain of $48,000. Although these securities were classified under FASB Statement No. 115 as “Held to Maturity”, at the time of purchase, the sale was permissible because the remaining balances of the investments were 15% or less than their original purchased par value. Simultaneously, we purchased $4.6 million in mortgage-backed securities classified as available-for-sale.

 
87

 


 
Due to the continued decline in the market value of the securities and deterioration in the underlying credit of certain non-agency mortgage back securities, the Company recorded an impairment charge related to the value of certain non-agency mortgage back securities that were deemed to be other-than-temporarily-impaired. The Company has recognized an other-than-temporary impairment for these securities of $726, 000 on a pre-tax basis in 2008
   
 
The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and related estimated fair values of the Company’s mortgage-backed securities and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position at September 30, 2008:

     
Less than 12 months
 
More than 12 months
 
     
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
     
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
 
Securities held to maturity:
                         
 
GNMA pass-through certificates
 
$
279
 
$
22,488
 
$
257
 
$
5,778
 
 
FNMA pass-through certificates
   
29
   
1,315
   
   
 
 
FHLMC pass-through certificates
   
   
   
   
 
 
Total securities held to maturity
 
$
308
 
$
23,803
 
$
257
 
$
5,778
 
                             
 
Securities available for sale:
                         
 
GNMA
 
$
87
 
$
7,640
 
$
 
$
 
 
FNMA
   
73
   
7,061
   
   
 
 
FHLMC
   
   
   
   
 
 
Non Agency
   
1,315
   
8,276
   
   
 
 
Total securities available for sale
 
$
1,475
 
$
22,977
 
$
 
$
 

 
88

 

 
The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and related estimated fair values of the Company’s mortgage-backed securities and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position at September 30, 2007:
 
     
Less than 12 months
   
More than 12 months
 
     
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
     
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
 
Securities held to maturity:
                       
 
GNMA pass-through certificates
  $ 129     $ 7,968     $ 1,132     $ 31,050  
 
FNMA pass-through certificates
                60       1,310  
 
FHLMC pass-through certificates
                22       1,671  
                                   
 
Total securities held to maturity
  $ 129     $ 7,968     $ 1,214     $ 34,031  
                                   
 
Securities available for sale:
                               
 
FNMA pass-through certificates
    9       844              
 
Total securities available for sale
  $ 9     $ 844     $     $  
                                   
 
Total
                               
 
 
Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. The Company determines whether the unrealized losses are temporary in accordance with EITF 99-20, Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Asset, when applicable and FSP SFAS No. 115-1 and SFAS No. 124-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments. For all securities that are in an unrealized loss position for an extended period of time and for all securities whose fair value is significantly below amortized cost, the Company performs an evaluation of the specific events attributable to the market decline of the security. The evaluation is based upon factors such as the creditworthiness of the issuers/guarantors, the underlying collateral, if applicable, and the continuing performance of the securities. The Company considers the length of time and extent to which the security’s market value has been below cost as well as the general market conditions, industry characteristics, and the fundamental operating results of the issuer to determine if the decline is other-than-temporary. The Company also considers as part of the evaluation its intent and ability to hold the security until its market value has recovered to a level at least equal to the amortized cost. When the Company determines that a security’s unrealized loss is other-than-temporary, a realized loss is recognized in the period in which the decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary. The write-downs of the securities are measured based on public market prices, dealer quotes, and prices obtained from independent pricing services that may be derivable from observable and unobservable market inputs at the time the Company determines the decline in value was other-than-temporary.

 
89

 


 
At September 30, 2008, mortgage-backed securities in a gross unrealized loss position for twelve months or longer consisted of 11 securities having an aggregate depreciation of 4.5% from the Company’s amortized cost basis. Mortgage-backed securities in a gross unrealized loss position for less than twelve months consisted of 123 securities having an aggregate depreciation of 3.7% from the Company’s amortized cost basis. Securities in unrealized loss position included those issued by U.S Agencies and U.S. Government Sponsored Agencies, as well as non-agency issued securities. The Company believes the unrealized losses are due to increases in market interest rates since the time the underlying securities were purchased and turbulence in the mortgage markets. The fixed income markets, in particular those segments that include a credit spread, such as mortgage-backed issues, have been negatively impacted during 2008 as credit spreads widened dramatically.
   
 
Agency securities represent asset backed issues that are issued or guaranteed by a U.S. Government sponsored agency or carrying the full faith and credit of the United States through a government agency and are currently rated AAA by at least one bond credit rating agency. In September of 2008 the Treasury announced the establishment of the Government- Sponsored Enterprise Credit Facility to ensure credit availability to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Treasury also entered into senior preferred stock purchase agreements, which ensure that each entity maintains a positive net worth and effectively support the holders of debt and MBS issued or guaranteed by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The Agreements enhance market stability by providing additional security to debt holders—senior and subordinated, thereby alleviating the concern of the credit driven impairment of the securities. As management has the ability and intent to hold these debt securities until a forecasted recovery, which may be maturity, no declines are deemed to be other than temporary.
   
 
The non-agency securities were acquired through the redemption in-kind of the Company’s investment in a mutual fund as described in Note 4. Of the securities acquired through the redemption in-kind, 94.5% of the securities are rated at investment grade. All of the securities, including those below investment grade, as of September 30, 2008 were performing according to their contractual terms. The unrealized loss on these debt securities relates principally to the changes in market interest rates and a lack of liquidity currently in the financial markets. Management believes these unrealized losses are not other-than-temporary based upon Company’s analysis that the securities will perform in accordance with their terms, in addition to, the Company’s ability and intent to hold these investments for a period of time sufficient to allow for the anticipated recovery of fair value, which may be maturity. The Company believes recovery of fair value is expected when market conditions have stabilized and that the Company will receive all contractual principal and interest payments related to those investments. The corporate debt securities have no identified credit issues as 96.1% having an “A” rating or higher. As management has the ability and intent to hold these debt securities until a forecasted recovery, which may be maturity, the decline is not deemed to be other than temporary.

 
90

 

6.
LOANS RECEIVABLE
   
 
Loans receivable consist of the following:

     
September 30,
2008
   
September 30,
2007
 
     
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
One-to-four family residential
  $ 191,344     $ 159,945  
 
Multi-family residential
    2,801       4,362  
 
Commercial real estate
    20,518       18,019  
 
Construction and land development
    42,634       52,429  
 
Commercial business
    465       155  
 
Consumer
    739       832  
                   
 
Total loans
    258,501       235,742  
                   
 
Undisbursed portion of loans-in-process
    (13,515 )     (15,897 )
 
Deferred loan fees
    574       315  
 
Allowance for loan losses
    (1,591 )     (1,011 )
                   
 
Net
  $ 243,969     $ 219,149  
 
 
The Bank originates loans to customers in its local market area. The ultimate repayment of these loans is dependent, to a certain degree, on the local economy and real estate market.
   
 
The Bank originates or purchases both adjustable and fixed interest rate loans. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bank had $49.9 million and $57.6 million of adjustable-rate loans, respectively. The adjustable-rate loans have interest rate adjustment limitations and are generally indexed to the one-year U.S. Treasury note rate, Wall Street Journal prime rate or the Average Contract Interest Rate for previously occupied houses as reported by the Federal Housing Finance Board.
   
 
Certain officers of the Bank have loans with the Bank. Such loans were made in the ordinary course of business at the Bank’s normal credit terms, including interest rate and collateralization, and do not represent more than a normal risk of collection. The aggregate dollar amount of these loans outstanding to related parties along with an analysis of the activity is summarized as follows:
 
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
 
 
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
Balance—beginning of year
  $ 1,634     $ 677     $ 543  
Additions
    391       1,138       475  
Repayments
    (442 )     (181 )     (341 )
                         
Balance—end of year
  $ 1,583     $ 1,634     $ 677  

 
91

 

 
The following schedule summarizes the changes in the allowance for loan losses:
 
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Balance, beginning of year
  $ 1,011     $ 618     $ 558  
Provision for loan losses
    1,084       395       60  
Charge-offs
    (504 )     (2 )      
Recoveries
                 
                         
Balance, end of year
  $ 1,591     $ 1,011     $ 618  
 

 
A loan is considered to be impaired when, based upon current information and events, it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan. During the periods presented, loan impairment was evaluated based on the fair value of the loan’s collateral. Impairment losses are included in the provision for loan losses. Large groups of smaller balance, homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment, except for those loans restructured under a troubled debt restructuring. Loans collectively evaluated for impairment include smaller balance commercial real estate loans, residential real estate loans and consumer loans.
   
 
As of September 30, 2008 and 2007, the recorded investment in loans that are considered to be impaired was as follows:
 
     
Year Ended September 30,
 
     
2008
   
2007
 
     
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
Impaired colateral-dependent loans with related allowance
  $ 3,640     $ 2,022  
 
Impaired colateral-dependent loans with no related allowance
  $     $  
     
     
 
Other data for impaired loans as of September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 is as follow:
 
 
     
Year Ended September 30,
 
     
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
     
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
Average impaired loans
  $ 3,640     $ 2,022     $  
 
Interest income recognized on impaired loans
  $     $     $  
 
Cash basis interest income recognized on impaired loans
  $     $     $  
 
 
The impaired amount represents two construction loan in which the borrowers have not satisfied the terms of the loans. Current appraisal has been obtained of the underlying collateral properties, which shows a deterioration in the value of such properties consistent with the change in values in the region. As a result of the Company’s measurement of impaired loans, a specific reserve of $529,000 was established at September 30, 2008.
   
 
Interest income on impaired loans other than nonaccrual loans is recognized on an accrual basis. Interest income on nonaccrual loans is recognized only as collected. Interest income foregone on non-accrual loans at September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 amounted to $133,000, $28,000 and $-0-, respectively.

 
92

 
 
 
Nonperforming loans (which consist of nonaccrual loans and loans in excess of 90 days delinquent and still accruing interest) at September 30, 2008 and 2007 amounted to approximately $4.0 million and $2.6 million, respectively.
   
7.
OFFICE PROPERTIES AND EQUIPMENT
   
 
Office properties and equipment are summarized by major classifications as follows:

   
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
             
Land
  $ 247     $ 247  
Buildings and improvements
    2,565       2,565  
Furniture and equipment
    2,914       2,759  
Automobiles
    122       122  
                 
Total
    5,848       5,693  
Accumulated depreciation
    (3,666 )     (3,330 )
                 
Total office properties and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation
  $ 2,182     $ 2,363  
 
 
For the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, depreciation expense amounted to $336,000, $246,000 and $242,000, respectively.
   
8.
DEPOSITS
   
 
Deposits consist of the following major classifications:

   
September 30,
2008
   
September 30,
2007
 
   
Amount
   
Percent
   
Amount
   
Percent
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Money market deposit accounts
  $ 66,484       17.6 %   $ 63,675       18.0 %
Checking accounts
    27,335       7.3       28,895       8.2  
Passbook, club and statement savings
    67,921       18.0       70,903       20.0  
Certificates maturing in six months or less
    93,141       24.7       101,615       28.7  
Certificates maturing in more than six months
    121,949       32.4       88,950       25.1  
                                 
Total
  $ 376,830       100.0 %   $ 354,038       100.0 %

 
93

 

 
At September 30, 2008 and 2007 the weighted average cost of deposits was 3.34% and 3.88%, respectively.
   
 
The amount of scheduled maturities of certificate accounts was as follows:

   
September 30, 2008
 
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
         
One year or less
 
$
156,693
 
One through two years
   
12,433
 
Two through three years
   
19,830
 
Three through four years
   
12,712
 
Four through five years
   
13,422
 
         
Total
 
$
215,090
 
 
 
The weighted average rate paid on certificates at September 30, 2008 and 2007 was 4.2% and 4.9%, respectively. Certificates of deposit of $100,000 or more at each of such dates totaled approximately $66.7 million and $56.4 million, respectively.
   
 
Interest expense on deposits was comprised of the following:

     
Year Ended September 30,
 
 
 
 
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
     
  (Dollars in Thousands)
 
 
NOW and money market deposits accounts
  $ 2,793     $ 3,321     $ 3,081  
 
Passbook, club and statement savings accounts
    1,681       1,986       2,458  
 
Certificate accounts
    8,922       7,944       5,304  
 
Total
  $ 13,396     $ 13,251     $ 10,843  
 

9.
ADVANCES FROM FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK
   
 
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank totaled $31.7 million and $33.7 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 
94

 
 
 
The following is a schedule of six advances made under the low-income housing program in which the Bank is a participant. Three of the advances are at an interest rate of 3.0%, one advance is at an interest rate of 2.0% and two advances are non-interest-bearing. Repayment of the advances is as follows:
 
     
September 30,
 
     
2008
   
2007
 
     
(Dollars in thousands)
 
               
 
1 to 12 months
  $ 43     $ 42  
 
13 to 24 months
    44       43  
 
25 to 36 months
    45       44  
 
Thereafter
    569       614  
                   
 
Total
  $ 701     $ 743  
 
 
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank not part of the low-income housing program at September 30, 2008 and 2007 consist of the following:

     
September 30,
 
     
2008
   
2007
 
 
Due
 
Amount
   
Fixed
Interest
Rate
   
Amount
   
Fixed
Interest
Rate
 
     
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
 
October 2007
  $           $ 20,000       5.07 %
 
October 2008
    18,000       2.78 %            
 
July 2010
    2,000       5.98 %     2,000       5.98 %
 
August 2010
    3,000       5.93 %     3,000       5.93 %
 
September 2010
    8,000       5.69 %     8,000       5.69 %
                                   
      $ 31,000             $ 33,000          
 
 
The advances are collateralized by all of the Federal Home Loan Bank stock, U.S. government and agency investment securities and substantially all qualifying first mortgage loans held by the Bank.
 
95

 
10.
INCOME TAXES
 
The Company’s files a consolidated federal income tax return. The Company uses the specific charge-off method for computing reserves for bad debts. Generally this method allows the Company to deduct an annual addition to the reserve for bad debt equal to its net charge-offs.
 
The provision for income taxes for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 consists of the following:
                     
     
Year Ended September 30,
 
     
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
     
(Dollars in thousands)
 
                     
 
Current:
                 
 
Federal
  $ 1,128     $ 1,455     $ 1,596  
 
State
                50  
 
Total current taxes
    1,128       1,455       1,646  
                           
 
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense
    (373 )     (68 )     127  
 
Total income tax provision
  $ 755     $ 1,387     $ 1,773  

 
96

 
 
          Items that gave rise to significant portions of deferred income taxes are as follows:
               
     
September 30,
 
     
2008
   
2007
 
     
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
 
Deferred tax assets:
           
 
Unrealized loss on available for sale securities
  $ 356     $  
 
Deposit premium
    216       265  
 
Allowance for loan losses
    594       378  
 
Real estate owned expenses
    99        
 
Non-accrual interest
    21        
 
Accrued vacation
    34        
 
Capital loss carryforward
    1,873        
 
Impairment loss
    247        
 
Employee stock ownership plan
    110       79  
 
Total deferred tax assets
    3,550       722  
 
Valuation allowance
    (1,991 )      
 
Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance
    1,559       722  
                   
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
               
 
Unrealized gain on available for sale securities
          134  
 
Property
    467       446  
 
Mortgage servicing
    6       8  
 
Deferred loan fees
    195       106  
 
Total
    668       694  
 
Net deferred tax asset
  $ 891     $ 28  
 
The Company establishes a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets when management believes that the deferred tax assets are not likely to be realized either through a carry back to taxable income in prior years, future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, and, to a lesser extent, future taxable income. The tax deduction generated by the redemption of the shares of the mutual fund and the subsequent impairment charge on the assets acquired through the redemption in kind are considered a capital loss and can only be utilized to the extent of capital gains over a five year period, resulting in the establishment of a valuation allowance in the amount of $2.0 million for the carryforward period.

 
97

 
 
 
The income tax expense differs from that computed at the statutory federal corporate tax rate as follows:
 
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
Amount
   
Percentage
of Pretax
Income
   
Amount
   
Percentage
of Pretax
Income
   
Amount
   
Percentage
of Pretax
Income
 
   
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Tax at statutory rate
  $ (1,153 )     34.0 %   $ 1,627       34.0 %   $ 1,907       34.0 %
Adjustments resulting from:
                                               
State tax, net of federal tax effect
                            33       0.6  
Valuation allowance
    1,991       (58.7 )                        
Income from bank owned life insurance
    (68 )     2.0       (72 )     (1.5 )     (56 )     (1.0 )
Income from muncipal obligations
    (29 )     0.9       (35 )     (0.7 )     (35 )     (0.6 )
Other
    14       (0.5 )     (133 )     (2.8 )     (76 )     (1.4 )
                                                 
Income tax expense per statements of income
  $ 755       (22.3 )%   $ 1,387       29.0 %   $ 1,773       31.6 %
 
 
In June 2006, the FASB issued FIN No. 48. FIN No. 48 clarifies the accounting for income taxes by prescribing a minimum probability threshold that a tax position must meet before a financial statement benefit is recognized. The minimum threshold is defined in FIN No. 48 as a tax position that is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the applicable taxing authority, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefit to be recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit that has greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. FIN No. 48 was applied to all existing tax positions upon initial adoption. FIN No. 48 was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company adopted FIN No. 48 on October 1, 2007 and the initial application of the interpretation did not have an impact to the Company’s financial condition or results of operations. As of the date of adoption, there was no liability for uncertain tax positions and no known unrecognized tax benefits. There were no increases or decreases during 2008 to the liability for unrecognized tax benefits, and no liability exists as of September 30, 2008.
   
11.
REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
   
 
The Company and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory – and possibly additional discretionary – actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company and the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of their assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Company’s and the Bank’s capital amounts and the Bank’s classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.

 
98

 
 
 
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Company and the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of Tier 1 capital (as defined in the regulations) to average assets (as defined) and risk-weighted assets (as defined), and of total capital (as defined) to risk-weighted assets. Management believes, as of September 30, 2008 and 2007, that the Company and the Bank met all regulatory capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject.
   
 
As of September 30, 2008 and 2007, the most recent notification from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation categorized the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. To be categorized as well capitalized, the Bank must maintain the minimum Tier 1 capital, Tier 1 risk-based, and total risk-based ratios as set forth in the table below. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the Bank’s category.
   
 
The Company’s and the Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios are also presented in the following table:
 
   
Actual
   
Required for Capital
Adequacy Purposes
   
To Be
Well Capitalized
Under Prompt
Corrective Action
Provisions
 
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
September 30, 2008:
                                   
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)
                                               
Company
  $ 69,566       14.58 %   $ 19,091       4.0 %     N/A       N/A  
Bank
    64,108       13.22       19,395       4.0     $ 24,244       5.0 %
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Company
    69,566       31.40       8,861       4.0       N/A       N/A  
Bank
    64,108       28.94       8,861       4.0       13,292       6.0  
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets) Company
    71,166       32.12       17,722       8.0       N/A       N/A  
Bank
    65,708       29.66       17,722       8.0       22,153       10.0  
                                                 
September 30, 2007:
                                               
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)
                                               
Company
  $ 80,702       17.08 %   $ 18,900       4.0 %     N/A       N/A  
Bank
    72,906       15.52       18,785       4.0     $ 23,482       5.0 %
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Company
    80,702       37.88       8,522       4.0       N/A       N/A  
Bank
    72,906       34.22       8,522       4.0       12,783       6.0  
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets) Company
    81,877       38.43       17,044       8.0       N/A       N/A  
Bank
    74,081       34.77       17,044       8.0       21,305       10.0  
 
12.
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
   
 
The Bank is a member of a multi-employer defined benefit pension plan covering all employees meeting certain eligibility requirements. The Bank’s policy is to fund pension costs accrued. Information regarding the actuarial present values of vested and nonvested benefits and fair value of plan assets for the separate employers in the plan is not available. The expense relating to this plan for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $355,000, $472,000 and $550,000, respectively.

 
99

 
 
 
The Bank also has a defined contribution plan for employees meeting certain eligibility requirements. The defined contribution plan may be terminated at any time at the discretion of the Bank. There was no expense relating to this plan for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006. The elimination of the expense reflected the Company’s decision to discontinue the employer match in conjunction with the establishment of the employee stock ownership plan (“ESOP”) discussed below.
   
 
In fiscal 2005, the Bank established an ESOP for substantially all of its full-time employees meeting certain eligibility requirements. The purchase of shares of the Company’s common stock by the ESOP was funded by a loan from the Company. The loan will be repaid principally from the Bank’s contributions to the ESOP. Shares of the Company’s common stock purchased by the ESOP are held in a suspense account and released for allocation to participants on a pro rata basis as debt service payments are made on the loan. Shares released are allocated to each eligible participant based on the ratio of each such participant’s base compensation, as defined in the ESOP, to the total base compensation of all eligible plan participants. As the unearned shares are released and allocated among participants, the Bank recognizes compensation expense based on the current market price of the shares released. The ESOP purchased 452,295 shares of the Company’s common stock on the open market for a total cost of approximately $4.5 million. The average purchase price was $9.86 per share. As of September 30, 2008 the Company had allocated a total of 62,205 shares from the suspense account to participants and committed to release an additional 16,965 shares. The expense relating to this plan for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $257,000, $306,000, and $287,000, respectively.
   
13.
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
   
 
At September 30, 2008, the Bank had $18.6 million in outstanding commitments to originate fixed and variable-rate loans with market interest rates ranging from 5.50% to 8.50%. At September 30, 2007, the Bank had $10.4 million in outstanding commitments to originate fixed and variable-rate loans with market interest rates ranging from 6.625% to 9.25%.
   
 
The Bank also had commitments under unused lines of credit of $5.9 million and $7.2 million and letters of credit outstanding of $95,000 at both September 30, 2008 and 2007.
   
 
The Company is subject to various pending claims and contingent liabilities arising in the normal course of business which are not reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Management considers that the aggregate liability, if any, resulting from such matters will not be material.
   
 
Among the Bank’s contingent liabilities are exposures to limited recourse arrangements with respect to the Bank’s sales of whole loans and participation interests. At September 30, 2008, the exposure, which represents a portion of credit risk associated with the sold interests, amounted to $64,000. This exposure is for the life of the related loans and payables, on our proportionate share, as actual losses are incurred.

 
100

 
 
 
The company leases certain property and equipment under non-cancelable operating leases. Scheduled minimum payments are as follows for the fiscal years ended:
 
 
September 30,
 
Lease Obligation
 
   
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
2009
   
$
55
 
 
2010
     
13
 
 
2011
     
2
 
 
2012
     
 
 
2013
     
 
 
Thereafter
     
 
 
Total
   
$
70
 
 
 
Rent expense for all operating leases was approximately $76,000, $73,000, and $27,000 for fiscal years ending September 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006, respectively.
   
14.
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
   
 
The following disclosure of the estimated fair value of financial instruments is made in accordance with the requirements of SFAS No. 107, Disclosure about Fair Value of Financial Instruments.
   
 
The estimated fair value amounts have been determined by the Company using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is necessarily required to interpret market data to develop the estimates of fair value.
   
 
Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could realize in a current market exchange. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

 
101

 
 
   
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
Carrying
Amount
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
   
Carrying
Amount
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Assets:
                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 9,454     $ 9,454     $ 12,269     $ 12,269  
Investment securities held to maturity
    123,022       120,741       134,782       133,693  
Investment securities available for sale
    2,922       2,922       38,343       38,343  
Mortgage-backed securities held to maturity
    40,281       39,811       45,534       44,213  
Mortgage-backed securities available for sale
    52,184       52,184       8,549       8,549  
Loans receivable, net
    243,969       244,772       219,527       216,915  
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    2,620       2,620       2,397       2,397  
                                 
Liabilities:
                               
NOW accounts
    27,335       27,335       28,895       28,895  
Money market deposit accounts
    66,484       66,484       63,675       63,675  
Passbook, club and statement savings accounts
    67,921       67,921       70,903       70,903  
Certificates of deposit
    215,090       217,290       190,565       191,024  
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank
    31,701       32,233       33,743       34,199  
 
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents—For cash and cash equivalents, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.
   
 
Investments and Mortgage-Backed SecuritiesThe fair value of investment securities and mortgage-backed securities is based on quoted market prices, dealer quotes, and prices obtained from independent pricing services that may be derivable from observable and unobservable market inputs.
   
 
Loans ReceivableThe fair value of loans is estimated based on present value using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities.
   
 
Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) StockAlthough FHLB stock is an equity interest in an FHLB, it is carried at cost because it does not have a readily determinable fair value as its ownership is restricted and it lacks a market. The estimated fair value approximates the carrying amount.
   
 
NOW Accounts, Money Market Deposit Accounts, Passbook Accounts, Club Accounts, Statement Savings Accounts, and Certificates of DepositThe fair value of passbook accounts, club accounts, statement savings accounts, NOW accounts, and money market deposit accounts is the amount reported in the financial statements. The fair value of certificates of deposit is based on a present value estimate using rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturity.

 
102

 
 
 
Advances from Federal Home Loan BankThe fair value of advances from FHLB is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date.
   
 
Commitments to Extend Credit and Letters of CreditThe majority of the Bank’s commitments to extend credit and letters of credit carry current market interest rates if converted to loans. Because commitments to extend credit and letters of credit are generally unassignable by either the Bank or the borrower, they only have value to the Bank and the borrower. The estimated fair value approximates the recorded deferred fee amounts, which are not significant. As discussed in Note 13, the related amounts at September 30, 2008 and 2007 were, in the aggregate, $24.6 million and $17.7 million, respectively.
   
 
The fair value estimates presented herein are based on pertinent information available to management as of September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Although management is not aware of any factors that would significantly affect the estimated fair value amounts, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued for purposes of these financial statements since that date and, therefore, current estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein.

 
103

 
 
15.
PRUDENTIAL BANCORP, INC. OF PENNSYLVANIA (PARENT COMPANY ONLY)
   
 
The condensed financial statements of Prudential Bancorp, Inc. of Pennsylvania (Parent Company) are as follows:
 
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
At September 30,
 
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Assets:
           
Cash
  $ 1,834     $ 4,115  
ESOP loan receivable
    3,998       4,139  
Investment in Bank
    63,417       73,165  
Other assets
    179       116  
Total assets
  $ 69,428     $ 81,535  
Liabilities:
               
Accrued dividend payable
  $ 553     $ 574  
Total liabilities
    553       574  
Stockholders’ equity:
               
Preferred stock
           
Common stock
    126       126  
Additional paid-in-capital
    54,925       54,880  
Unearned ESOP shares
    (3,680 )     (3,903 )
Treasury stock
    (19,481 )     (14,372 )
Retained earnings
    37,676       43,971  
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
    (691 )     259  
Total stockholders’ equity
    68,875       80,961  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 69,428     $ 81,535  

 
104

 
 
INCOME STATEMENT
For the year ended September 30,
 
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Interest on ESOP loan
  $ 235     $ 242  
Equity in the undistributed (loss) earnings of the Bank
    (4,054 )     3,492  
Dividend from Bank
    5,000        
Other income
    51       55  
Total income
    1,232       3,789  
Professional services
    250       296  
Other expense
    172       141  
Total expense
    422       437  
Income before income taxes
    810       3,352  
Income tax benefit
    (45 )     (45 )
Net income
  $ 855     $ 3,397  
 
CASH FLOWS
For the year ended September 30,
 
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Operating activities:
           
Net income
  $ 855     $ 3,397  
Increase (decrease) in assets
    (62 )     90  
Decease in liabilities
          (173 )
Equity in the undistributed loss (earnings) of the Bank
    4,054       (3,492 )
Net cash used in (provided by) operating activities
    4,847       (178 )
Investing activities:
               
Repayments received on ESOP loan
    141       134  
Net cash provided by investing activities
    141       134  
Financing activities:
               
Cash dividends paid
    (2,160 )     (2,050 )
Payment to repurchase common stock
    (5,109 )     (7,950 )
Net cash used in financing activities
    (7,269 )     (10,000 )
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
    (2,281 )     (10,044 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
    4,115       14,159  
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
  $ 1,834     $ 4,115  

 
105

 
 
16.
QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
   
 
Unaudited quarterly financial data for the years ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 is as follows:
 
   
September 30, 2008
   
September 30, 2007
 
   
1st
Qtr
   
2nd
Qtr
   
3rd
Qtr
   
4th
Qtr
   
1st
Qtr
   
2nd
Qtr
   
3rd
Qtr
   
4th
Qtr
 
   
(In thousands)
   
(In thousands)
 
                                                 
Interest income
  $ 6,661     $ 6,565     $ 6,465     $ 6,717     $ 6,683     $ 6,692     $ 6,746     $ 6,787  
Interest expenses
    3,894       3,767       3,503       3,490       3,594       3,574       3,742       3,874  
Net interest income
    2,767       2,798       2,962       3,227       3,089       3,118       3,004       2,913  
Provision for loan losses
    75       75       112       821       60       15       (20 )     340  
Net income after provision for loan losses
    2,692       2,723       2,850       2,406       3,029       3,103       3,024       2,573  
Non-interest income (charges)
    222       (1,279 )     (3,798 )     (430 )     310       221       262       252  
Non-interest expense
    2,016       2,509       1,913       2,337       2,021       2,122       1,853       1,994  
Income (loss) before income taxes
    898       (1,065 )     (2,861 )     (361 )     1,318       1,202       1,433       831  
Income tax expense (benefit)
    288       (383 )     703       148       422       237       456       271  
Net income
  $ 610     $ (682 )   $ (3,564 )   $ (509 )   $ 896     $ 965     $ 977     $ 560  

Per share:
                                                               
Earnings (loss) per share - basic
  $ 0.06     $ (0.06 )   $ (0.33 )   $ (0.05 )   $ 0.08     $ 0.08     $ 0.09     $ 0.05  
Earnings (loss) per share - diluted
    0.06       (0.06 )     (0.33 )     (0.05 )     0.08       0.08       0.09       0.05  
Dividends per share
    0.05       0.05       0.05       0.05       0.04       0.05       0.05       0.05  
 
17.
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
   
 
The Company, at its Board of Directors meeting held on December 17, 2008, declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.05 per share on the common stock of the Company payable on January 26, 2009 to the shareholders of record at the close of business on January 12, 2009.
 
* * * * * *

 
106

 
 
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
   
          Not Applicable.
   
Item 9A (T). Controls and Procedures
 
          Our management evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of September 30, 2008. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations and are operating in an effective manner.
 
          No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15(d)-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) occurred during the fourth fiscal quarter of fiscal 2008 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
           Report of Management’s Assessment of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
          Management is responsible for designing, implementing, documenting, and maintaining an adequate system of internal control over financial reporting. An adequate system of internal control over financial reporting encompasses the processes and procedures that have been established by management to:
     
 
maintain records that accurately reflect the Company’s transactions;
     
 
prepare financial statement and footnote disclosures in accordance with GAAP that can be relied upon by external users;
     
 
prevent and detect unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
          Management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on this evaluation under the criteria in Internal Control-Integrated Framework, management concluded that internal control over financial reporting was effective as of September 30, 2008. Furthermore, during the conduct of its assessment, management identified no material weakness in its financial reporting control system.
 
          The Board of Directors of Prudential Bancorp, through its Audit Committee, provides oversight to managements’ conduct of the financial reporting process. The Audit Committee, which is composed entirely of independent directors, is also responsible to recommend the appointment of independent public accountants. The Audit Committee also meets with management, the internal audit staff, and the independent public accountants throughout the year to provide assurance as to the adequacy of the financial reporting process and to monitor the overall scope of the work performed by the internal audit staff and the independent public accountants.

 
107

 
 
          Because of its inherent limitations, our disclosure controls and procedures may not prevent or detect misstatements. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can only provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
          This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to a temporary rule of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permits the Company to provide only management’s report in this annual report.
     
/s/ Thomas A. Vento
   
/s/ Joseph R. Corrato
 
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
Executive Vice President,
   
Chief Financial Officer and
   
Chief Accounting Officer
 
Item 9B. Other Information
 
          Not applicable.
 
PART III
 
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
 
          The information required herein is incorporated by reference from the sections captioned “Information with Respect to Nominees for Director, Continuing Directors and Executive Officers” and “Beneficial Ownership of Common Stock by Certain Beneficial Owners and Management – Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on February 9, 2009, which will be filed with the SEC on or about January 5, 2009 (“Definitive Proxy Statement”).
 
          The Company has adopted a code of ethics policy, which applies to its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, as well as its directors and employees generally. The Company will provide a copy of its code of ethics to any person, free of charge, upon request. Any requests for a copy should be made to our shareholder relation’s administrator, Prudential Bancorp, Inc. of Pennsylvania, 1834 Oregon Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19145.
 
Item 11. Executive Compensation
 
          The information required herein is incorporated by reference from the sections captioned “Management Compensation,” “Compensation Committee Report” and “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” in the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement.
 
          The report of the Compensation Committee included in the Definitive Proxy Statement should not be deemed filed or incorporated by reference into this filing or any other filing by the Company under the Exchange Act or Securities Act of 1933 except to the extent the Company specifically incorporates said reports herein or therein by reference thereto.

 
108

 
 
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
 
          Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management. Information regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management is incorporated by reference to “Beneficial Ownership of Common Stock by Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” in the Definitive Proxy Statement.
 
          Equity Compensation Plan Information. As of September 30, 2008, the Company did not have any shares of common stock that may be issued under equity compensation plans.
 
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
 
          The information required herein is incorporated by reference from the sections captioned “Management Compensation – Related Party Transactions” and “Information with Respect to Nominees for Director, continuing Directors and Executive Officers” in the Definitive Proxy Statement.
 
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
 
          The information required herein is incorporated by reference from the section captioned “Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – Audit Fees” in the Definitive Proxy Statement.
 
PART IV
 
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
   
(a)
Documents Filed as Part of this Report.
   
(1)
The following financial statements are incorporated by reference from Item 8 hereof:
   
 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
 
Consolidated Statements of Income
 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
   
(2)
All schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulation of the SEC are omitted because of the absence of conditions under which they are required or because the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto.
   
(3)
The following exhibits are filed as part of this Form 10-K, and this list includes the Exhibit Index.

 
109

 
 
 
Exhibit No.
 
Description
 
3.1
   
Articles of Incorporation of Prudential Bancorp, Inc. of Pennsylvania(1)
         
 
3.2
   
Bylaws of Prudential Bancorp, Inc. of Pennsylvania(1)
         
 
4.0
   
Form of Stock Certificate of Prudential Bancorp, Inc. of Pennsylvania(1)
         
 
10.1
   
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Prudential Savings Bank and Thomas A. Vento(2)
         
 
10.2
   
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Prudential Savings Bank and Joseph R. Corrato(2)
         
 
10.3
   
Amended and Restated Post Retirement Agreement between Prudential Savings Bank and Joseph W. Packer, Jr. (2)
         
 
10.4
   
Amended and Restated Split-Dollar Collateral Assignment with Joseph W. Packer, Jr. and Diane B. Packer(2)
         
 
10.5
   
Amended and Restated Split-Dollar Collateral Assignment with Joseph W. Packer, Jr. (2)
         
 
10.6
   
Amendment No. 1 to Split-Dollar Agreement between the Bank and Joseph W. Packer, Jr. (2)
         
 
21.0
   
Subsidiaries of the Registrant – Reference is made to “Item 1. Business – Subsidiaries” for the required information
         
 
23.0
   
Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP
         
 
31.1
   
Section 1350 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
         
 
31.2
   
Section 1350 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
         
 
32.0
   
Section 906 Certification
 
 
   *
 
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit to this Form 10-K pursuant to Item 15(b) hereof.
       
 
   (1)
 
Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-119130) filed with the Commission on September 30, 2004.
       
 
   (2)
 
Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated November 19, 2008 and filed with the Commission on November 25, 2008 (Commission File No. 000-51214).
 
(b)
Exhibits
   
     
The exhibits listed under (a)(3) of this Item 15 are filed herewith.
       
(c)
Reference is made to (a)(2) of this Item 15.

 
110

 

SIGNATURES
 
          Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
     
 
Prudential Bancorp, Inc. of Pennsylvania
     
December 29, 2008
By:
/s/ Thomas A. Vento
   
Thomas A. Vento
   
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
          Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
     
/s/ Joseph W. Packer, Jr.
 
December 29, 2008
Joseph W. Packer, Jr.
   
Chairman of the Board
   
     
/s/ Thomas A. Vento
 
December 29, 2008
Thomas A. Vento
   
President and Chief Executive Officer
   
     
/s/ Jerome R. Balka, Esq.
 
December 29, 2008
Jerome R. Balka, Esq.
   
Director
   
     
/s/ A. J. Fanelli
   
A. J. Fanelli
 
December 29, 2008
Director
   
     
/s/ Francis V. Mulcahy
   
Francis V. Mulcahy
 
December 29, 2008
Director
   
     
/s/ Joseph R. Corrato
   
Joseph R. Corrato
 
December 29, 2008
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief
   
Accounting Officer