UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
   
 
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2009
OR
 
   
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number 000-53052

SMARTHEAT INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

NEVADA
 
98-0514768
(State or other jurisdiction of
 
(IRS Employer
incorporation or organization)
 
Identification No.)

A-1, 10, Street 7
Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone
Shenyang, China
110027
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code.)

+86 (24) 2519-7699
(telephone number, including area code)

(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

Check whether the issuer (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the last 90 days.
YESNO ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer, “accelerated filer,” “non-accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ¨
 
Accelerated filer ¨
Non-accelerated filer ¨
 
Smaller reporting company x
(do not check if a smaller reporting company)
   

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES ¨ NO x

State the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common equity, as of the latest practicable date: 24,179,900 shares as of May 10, 2009.

 
 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
1
Item 1.
Financial Statements
 
1
Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
19
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
 
27
Item 4T.
Controls and Procedures
 
27
Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
 
27
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
 
28
Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
28
Item 3.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
 
28
Item 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
 
28
Item 5.
Other Information
 
28
Item 6.
Exhibits
 
28
SIGNATURES
 
29

 
 

 

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.  Financial Statements
 
SMARTHEAT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

   
AS OF MARCH 31, 2009
   
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2008
 
             
ASSETS
           
             
CURRENT ASSETS
           
Cash & cash equivalents
  $ 737,652     $ 1,435,212  
Restricted cash
    437,564       462,048  
Accounts receivable, net
    10,144,431       11,390,169  
Retentions receivable
    388,158       290,852  
Advances to suppliers
    1,259,750       412,524  
Other receivables, prepayments and deposits
    661,710       698,834  
Inventories
    8,150,511       6,107,583  
Note and acceptances receivable
    53,493       14,631  
                 
Total current assets
    21,833,269       20,811,853  
                 
NON-CURRENT ASSETS
               
Restricted cash
    196,467       219,472  
Accounts receivable, net
    57,052       310,810  
Retentions receivable
    645,159       166,912  
Intangible assets, net
    1,113,375       1,155,131  
Property and equipment, net
    2,391,418       2,436,553  
                 
Total noncurrent assets
    4,403,471       4,288,878  
                 
TOTAL ASSETS
  $ 26,236,740     $ 25,100,731  
                 
                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
               
                 
CURRENT LIABILITIES
               
Accounts payable
  $ 2,450,794     $ 1,210,906  
Unearned revenue
    1,088,984       850,408  
Taxes payable
    163,020       1,327,775  
Accrued liabilities and other payables
    1,136,028       1,330,812  
Due to minority shareholder
    -       5,303  
Loans payable
    2,442,985       2,443,450  
                 
Total current liabilities
    7,281,811       7,168,654  
                 
DEFERRED TAX LIABILITY
    38,725       38,854  
                 
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
               
                 
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
               
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized, 24,179,900 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively
    24,180       24,180  
Paid in capital
    8,223,453       8,223,453  
Statutory reserve
    1,267,058       1,150,542  
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    986,339       984,629  
Retained earnings
    8,415,174       7,510,419  
                 
Total stockholders' equity
    18,916,204       17,893,223  
                 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
  $ 26,236,740     $ 25,100,731  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 
1

 

SMARTHEAT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

   
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
             
Net sales
  $ 6,207,503     $ 3,079,051  
                 
Cost of goods sold
    3,900,947       2,112,956  
                 
Gross profit
    2,306,556       966,095  
                 
Operating expenses
               
Selling expenses
    460,913       197,421  
General and administrative expenses
    569,522       284,145  
                 
Total operating expenses
    1,030,435       481,566  
                 
Income from operations
    1,276,121       484,529  
                 
Non-operating income (expenses)
               
Interest income
    16,681       147,138  
Interest expense
    (52,852 )     (66,628 )
Financial expense
    (1,840 )     -  
Other income
    760       11,181  
                 
Total non-operating income (expenses)
    (37,251 )     91,691  
                 
Income before income tax
    1,238,870       576,220  
                 
Income tax expense
    217,601       104,957  
                 
Net income
    1,021,269       471,263  
                 
Other comprehensive item
               
Foreign currency translation
    1,710       242,094  
                 
Comprehensive Income
  $ 1,022,979     $ 713,357  
                 
                 
Basic weighted average shares outstanding
    24,179,900       18,500,000  
                 
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding
    24,184,174       18,500,000  
                 
Basic earnings per share
  $ 0.04     $ 0.03  
                 
Diluted earnings per share
  $ 0.04     $ 0.03  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 
2

 

SMARTHEAT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

   
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
             
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
           
Net income
  $ 1,021,269     $ 471,263  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
    96,684       48,875  
Unearned interest on accounts receivable
    28,854       (143,793 )
Decrease in deferred tax liability
    (122 )     -  
(Increase) decrease in current assets:
               
Accounts receivable
    1,073,545       (47,140 )
Retentions receivable
    (575,657 )     (275,347 )
Advances to suppliers
    (838,551 )     (907,320 )
Other receivables, prepayments and deposits
    (608,803 )     (220,372 )
Inventories
    (2,044,149 )     589,796  
Increase (decrease) in current liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
    1,596,204       719,555  
Unearned revenue
    238,745       385,532  
Taxes payable
    (1,164,537 )     (693,038 )
Accrued liabilities and other payables
    442,319       (97,128 )
                 
Net cash used in operating activities
    (734,199 )     (169,117 )
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
               
Increase in restricted cash
    47,361       116,033  
Acquisition of property & equipment
    (10,474 )     (37,761 )
                 
Net cash provided by investing activities
    36,887       78,272  
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
               
Repayment to shareholder
    -       (25,890 )
Loans payable
    -       (172,563 )
                 
Net cash used in financing activities
    -       (198,453 )
                 
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGE ON CASH & CASH EQUIVALENTS
    (248 )     9,517  
                 
NET DECREASE IN CASH & CASH EQUIVALENTS
    (697,560 )     (279,781 )
                 
CASH & CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD
    1,435,212       393,147  
                 
CASH & CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD
  $ 737,652     $ 113,366  
                 
Supplemental Cash flow data:
               
Income tax paid
  $ 777,627     $ 104,957  
Interest paid
  $ 60,316     $ 40,498  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
 
3

 
SMARTHEAT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2009 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER 31, 2008

1. ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

SmartHeat Inc., formerly known as Pacific Goldrim Resources, Inc. (the “Company” or “SmartHeat”), was incorporated on August 4, 2006 in the State of Nevada. The Company is engaged in the manufacturing and sale of plate heat exchangers and various packages, thermometer testing devices and heat usage calculators through its wholly owned operating subsidiaries in China.  

On April 14, 2008, the Company entered into a Share Exchange Agreement with Shenyang Taiyu Machinery and Electronic Equipment Co., Ltd. ("Taiyu") and the Taiyu Shareholders. The Company issued 18,500,000 shares of its common stock to the shareholder of Taiyu in exchange for all of the equitable and legal rights, title and interests in and to Taiyu's share capital in the amount of RMB 25,000,000. Concurrent with the share exchange, one of SmartHeat’s shareholders cancelled 2,500,000 shares out of 6,549,900 of total issued and outstanding shares of SmartHeat pursuant to the Split-Off Agreement dated April 14, 2008. As a result of the share exchange and the cancellation of the 2,500,000 shares of the Company's common stock, there were 22,549,900 shares of the Company's common stock issued and outstanding, approximately 82.04% of which was held by the former Taiyu Shareholders.  The shareholders of the Company immediately prior to the completion of these transactions held the remaining 17.96% of the issued and outstanding share capital of SmartHeat. Taiyu became a wholly-owned subsidiary of SmartHeat. 

Prior to the acquisition of Taiyu, the Company was a non-operating public shell. Pursuant to Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") rules, the merger or acquisition of a private operating company into a non-operating public shell with nominal net assets is considered a capital transaction in substance, rather than a business combination. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the transaction was treated as a reverse acquisition and a recapitalization, and pro-forma information is not presented. Transaction costs incurred in the reverse acquisition were charged to expense.

Taiyu was incorporated in the Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China (“PRC” or "China") in July, 2002. Taiyu is engaged in manufacturing and sale of plate heat exchangers and various packages, thermo meter testing devices and heat usage calculators. The Company is an authorized dealer of the SONDEX brand; SONDEX is the second largest plate heat exchanger manufacturer in the world.

On September 25, 2008, the Company entered into a Share Exchange Agreement (the "Agreement") between Asialink (Far East) Limited ("Asialink") and the Company providing for the acquisition by the Company from Asialink of all of the outstanding capital stock of SanDeKe Co., Ltd., a Shanghai based manufacturer of heat plate exchangers ("SanDeKe"). The purchase price for the SanDeKe shares was $741,516, of which $222,455 was payable within 15 days after the signature date of the Agreement, $370,758 was payable within 15 days after all necessary documents have been filed with government agencies, and $148,303 of which is payable within 15 days after the purchase has been approved and registered by the government agencies. Under the terms of the Agreement, two of the shareholders of SanDeKe agreed not to compete with the business of SanDeKe for a period of four years after the completion of the purchase.  At March 31, 2009, the Company has paid $593,213; the balance of $148,303 will be paid once the title is officially transferred to the Company.

The unaudited financial statements have been prepared by the Company, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.  The information furnished herein reflects all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals and adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to fairly present the operating results for the respective periods. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally present in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the 2008 audited financial statements and footnotes included in the Company’s audited financial statements.  The results for the three months ended March 31, 2009 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2009.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SmartHeat, Taiyu and SanDeKe. For purposes of this Quarterly Report, the "Company" refers collectively to SmartHeat, SanDeKe, and Taiyu. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 
4

 

SMARTHEAT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2009 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER 31, 2008

Use of Estimates

In preparing the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”), management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting year. Significant estimates, required by management, include the recoverability of long-lived assets, allowance for doubtful accounts, and the reserve for obsolete and slow-moving inventories. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
For purposes of the statement of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. As of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the Company maintained total restricted cash of $634,031 and $681,520, respectively, in several bank accounts, representing cash deposits from customers for securing payment from customers that occurs no later than the warranty period expires, of which, $437,564 and $462,048 was the cash that will be released to the Company within one year. Restricted cash is held in an interest bearing bank account.
 
Accounts and Retentions Receivable
 
The Company’s policy is to maintain reserves for potential credit losses on accounts receivable. Management reviews the composition of accounts receivable and analyzes historical bad debts, customer concentrations, customer credit worthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer payment patterns to evaluate the adequacy of these reserves. Based on historical collection activity, the Company had allowances of $629,568 and $629,687 at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

At March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the Company had retentions receivable from customers for product quality assurance of $1,033,317 and $457,764, respectively. The retention rate varies from 5% to 20% of the sales price with variable terms from three months to two years depending on the shipping date of the products and the number of heating seasons that the warranty period covers.

Accounts receivable is net of unearned interest of $57,374 and $28,526 at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. Unearned interest represents imputed interest on accounts receivable with due dates over one year from the invoice date discounted at the Company's borrowing rate, currently 7.16%, and it was 7.04% in 2008.

Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market with cost determined on a moving weighted average basis. Cost of work in progress and finished goods comprises direct material, direct production cost and an allocated portion of production overheads.
 
Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred; additions, renewals and betterments are capitalized. When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts, and any gain or loss is included in operations. Depreciation of property and equipment is provided using the straight-line method with a 10% salvage value and estimated lives ranging from 5 to 20 years as follows:

Building
20 years
Vehicles
5 years
Office Equipment
5 years
Production Equipment
5-10 years

Land Use Right
 
Right to use land is stated at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is provided using the straight-line method over 50 years.

 
5

 

SMARTHEAT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2009 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER 31, 2008

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
 
Long-lived assets, which include property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.
 
Recoverability of long-lived assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the assets. Fair value is generally determined using the asset’s expected future discounted cash flows or market value, if readily determinable. Based on its review, the Company believes that, as of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, there were no significant impairments of its long-lived assets.
 
Warranties

The Company offers warranty to all customers on its products for a period of one or two heating seasons depending on the contract terms negotiated with the customers. The Company accrues for warranty costs based on estimates of the costs that may be incurred under its warranty obligations. The warranty expense and related accrual is included in the Company's selling expenses and other payable respectively, and is recorded at the time revenue is recognized. Factors that affect the Company's warranty liability include the number of sold units, its estimates of anticipated rates of warranty claims, costs per claim and estimated support labor costs and the associated overhead.  The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liabilities and adjusts the amounts as necessary.

The Company's warranty reserve at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 are as follows:

   
March 31, 2009
   
December 31, 2008
 
Beginning balance
  $ -     $ -  
Provisions made
    76,570       95,000  
Changes in estimates
    -       -  
Actual costs incurred
    (12,906 )     (95,000 )
Ending balance
  $ 63,664       -  
Warranty reserve in current liabilities
  $ 63,664       -  
 
Income Taxes

The Company utilizes Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each period end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

The Company adopted the provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards Board's ("FASB") Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, on January 1, 2007. As a result of the implementation of FIN 48, the Company made a comprehensive review of its portfolio of tax positions in accordance with recognition standards established by FIN 48. As a result of the implementation of Interpretation 48, the Company recognized no material adjustments to liabilities or shareholders’ equity. When tax returns are filed, it is highly certain that some positions taken would be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that would be ultimately sustained. The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the financial statements in the period during which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any. Tax positions taken are not offset or aggregated with other positions. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority. The portion of the benefits associated with tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above is reflected as a liability for unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying balance sheets along with any associated interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing authorities upon examination.

 
6

 

SMARTHEAT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2009 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER 31, 2008

Interest associated with unrecognized tax benefits is classified as interest expense and penalties are classified as selling, general and administrative expense in the statements of income. The adoption of FIN 48 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Revenue Recognition
  
The Company's revenue recognition policies are in compliance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) 104. Sales revenue is recognized when products are delivered and for PHE and PHE units, when customer acceptance occurs, the price is fixed or determinable, no other significant obligations of the Company exist and collectibility is reasonably assured. Payments received before all of the relevant criteria for revenue recognition are recorded as unearned revenue.

The Company’s sales contracts with the customers generally provide that 30% of the purchase price is due upon the placement of an order, 30% is due on delivery, 30% is due upon installation and acceptance of the equipment after customer testing, the final 10% of the purchase price is due on a date that is no later than the termination date of the standard warranty period.

Sales revenue represents the invoiced value of goods, net of value-added tax ("VAT"). All of the Company’s products that are sold in the PRC are subject to Chinese value-added tax of 17% of the gross sales price. This VAT may be offset by VAT paid by the Company on raw materials and other materials included in the cost of producing their finished product. The Company recorded VAT payable and VAT receivable net of payments in the financial statements. The VAT tax return is filed offsetting the payables against the receivables.
 
Sales and purchases are recorded net of VAT collected and paid as the Company acts as an agent for the government. VAT taxes are not affected by the income tax holiday.

Sales returns and allowances were $0 for both the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008. The Company does not provide right of return, price protection or any other concessions to its customers.

The standard warranty of the Company is provided to all customers and is not considered an additional service; rather it is considered an integral part of the product’s sale. The Company believes that the existence of its standard product warranty in a sales contract does not constitute a deliverable in the arrangement and thus there is no need to apply the EITF 00-21 separation and allocation model for a multiple deliverable arrangement. FAS 5 specifically address the accounting for standard warranties and neither SAB 104 nor EITF 00-21 supersedes FAS 5. The Company believes that accounting for its standard warranty pursuant to FAS 5 does not impact revenue recognition because the cost of honoring the warranty can be reliably estimated.

Cost of Goods Sold
 
Cost of goods sold consists primarily of material costs, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead which are directly attributable to the production of products.  Write-down of inventories to lower of cost or market is also recorded in cost of goods sold.
  
Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist primarily of accounts receivable and other receivables. The Company does not require collateral or other security to support these receivables. The Company conducts periodic reviews of its clients' financial condition and customer payment practices to minimize collection risk on accounts receivable.

The operations of the Company are located in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic, and legal environments in the PRC, as well as by the general state of the PRC economy.

Statement of Cash Flows

In accordance with SFAS No. 95, “Statement of Cash Flows,” cash flows from the Company's operations are calculated based upon the local currencies. As a result, amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the statement of cash flows may not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the balance sheet.

 
7

 

SMARTHEAT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2009 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER 31, 2008

Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share (EPS)
 
Basic EPS is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS is similarly computed, except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common shares had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive. Diluted net earnings per share are based on the assumption that all dilutive convertible shares and stock options were converted or exercised. Dilution is computed by applying the treasury stock method. Under this method, options and warrants are assumed to have been exercised at the beginning of the period (or at the time of issuance, if later), and as if funds obtained thereby were used to purchase common stock at the average market price during the period.

The following table presents a reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

   
For the Three Months
Ended March 31
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
Net income
 
$
1,021,269
   
$
471,263
 
                 
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic
   
24,179,900
     
18,500,000
 
Effect of dilutive securities:
               
Unexercised warrants and options
   
4,274
     
 
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted
   
24,184,174
     
18,500,000
 
                 
Earnings per share – basic
 
$
0.04
   
$
0.03
 
Earnings per share – diluted
 
$
0.04
   
$
0.03
 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

SFAS No. 107, “Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” requires the Company disclose estimated fair values of financial instruments. The carrying amounts reported in the statements of financial position for current assets and current liabilities qualifying as financial instruments are a reasonable estimate of fair value.
 
Foreign Currency Translation and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
The accounts of the Company’s Chinese subsidiaries are maintained in the Chinese Yuan Renminbi (RMB) and the accounts of the U.S. parent company are maintained in the U.S. Dollar (USD). The accounts of the Chinese subsidiaries were translated into USD in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 52, "Foreign Currency Translation," with the RMB as the functional currency for the Chinese subsidiaries. According to the Statement, all assets and liabilities were translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date, stockholders’ equity are translated at the historical rates and statement of operations items are translated at the weighted average exchange rate for the year. The resulting translation adjustments are reported under other comprehensive income in accordance with SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income”.
 
Stock-Based Compensation
 
The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation in accordance with SFAS No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment, an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 123.”  The Company recognizes in the statement of operations the grant-date fair value of stock options and other equity-based compensation issued to employees and non-employees. 

Segment Reporting

SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information" requires use of the “management approach” model for segment reporting. The management approach model is based on the way a company's management organizes segments within the company for making operating decisions and assessing performance. Reportable segments are based on products and services, geography, legal structure, management structure, or any other manner in which management disaggregates a company.

 
8

 

SMARTHEAT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2009 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER 31, 2008


SFAS 131 has no effect on the Company's financial statements as substantially all of the Company's operations are conducted in one industry segment. All of the Company's assets are located in the PRC.

Registration Rights Agreement
 
The Company accounts for payment arrangements under registration rights agreement in accordance with FASB Staff Position EITF 00-19-2, which requires that the contingent obligation to make future payments or otherwise transfer consideration under a registration payment arrangement, whether issued as a separate agreement or included as a provision of a financial instrument or other agreement, be separately recognized and measured in accordance with FASB Statement No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies.

The Company is required to file the Registration Statement with the SEC within 60 days of the closing of the private placement offering. The Registration Statement must be declared effective by the SEC within 180 days of the final closing of the offering. Subject to certain grace periods, the Registration Statement must remain effective and available for use until the Investors can sell all of the securities covered by the Registration Statement without restriction pursuant to Rule 144. If the Company fails to meet the filing or effectiveness requirements of the Registration Statement, the Company is required to pay liquidated damages of 2% of the aggregate purchase price paid by such Investor for any Registrable Securities then held by such Investor on the date of such failure and on each anniversary of the date of such failure until such failure is cured.  The last closing under the private placement occurred on September 24, 2008 and the 180 day period for effectiveness of the registration statement under the Registration Rights Agreement ended on March 23, 2009.  At March 31, 2009, the Company became liable to pay approximately $110,000 liquidated damages to our investors as a result of failure to declare the effectiveness of the Registration Statement within 180 days of the final closing of the offering.  The liquidated damages have been recorded as the Company’s expense with charging corresponding account to accrued liabilities.
 
New Accounting Pronouncements
 
Employer’s Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets

In December 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 132(R)-1, “Employers’ Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets” (“FSP FAS 132(R)-1”). FSP FAS 132(R)-1 applies to an employer that is subject to the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 132 (revised 2003), “Employers’ Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits” (“SFAS 132R”) and amends SFAS 132R to provide guidance on an employer’s disclosures about plan assets of a defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan. The disclosures about plan assets required by FSP FAS 132(R)-1 shall be provided for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2009. Earlier application is permitted. The adoption of FSP FAS 132(R)-1 did not have a material impact on its financial statements.

Accounting for Defensive Intangible Assets

In November 2008, the FASB issued EITF Issue No. 08-7, “Accounting for Defensive Intangible Assets” (“EITF 08-7”). EITF 08-7 applies to all acquired intangible assets in situations in which the acquirer does not intend to actively use the asset but intends to hold the asset to prevent its competitors from obtaining access to the asset (a defensive intangible asset). Defensive intangible assets could include assets that the acquirer will never actively use, as well as assets that will be used by the acquirer during a transition period when the intention of the acquirer is to discontinue the use of those assets. EITF 08-7 concluded that a defensive intangible asset should be accounted for as a separate unit of accounting and should be amortized over the period that the defensive intangible asset directly or indirectly contributes to the future cash flows of the entity. EITF 08-7 is effective prospectively for intangible assets acquired on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Earlier application is not permitted.  The adoption of EITF 08-7 did not have a material impact on its financial statements.


 
9

 

SMARTHEAT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2009 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER 31, 2008

Accounting for Financial Guarantee Insurance Contracts
 
In May 2008, FASB issued SFAS No. 163, “Accounting for Financial Guarantee Insurance Contracts, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 60.”  The scope of this Statement is limited to financial guarantee insurance (and reinsurance) contracts, as described in this Statement, issued by enterprises included within the scope of Statement 60. Accordingly, this Statement does not apply to financial guarantee contracts issued by enterprises excluded from the scope of Statement 60 or to some insurance contracts that seem similar to financial guarantee insurance contracts issued by insurance enterprises (such as mortgage guaranty insurance or credit insurance on trade receivables). This Statement also does not apply to financial guarantee insurance contracts that are derivative instruments included within the scope of FASB Statement No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” The adoption of SFAS No. 163 did not have a material impact on its financial statements. 
 
The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

In May 2008, FASB issued SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.”  SFAS 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the United States (the GAAP hierarchy).  SFAS 162 adoption did not have an impact on the Company’s financial statements.
 
Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets

In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (“FSP FAS 142-3”). FSP FAS 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (“SFAS 142”), and requires additional disclosures. The objective of FSP FAS 142-3 is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141 (R), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141(R)”), and other accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. FSP FAS 142-3 applies to all intangible assets, whether acquired in a business combination or otherwise and shall be effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The guidance for determining the useful life of intangible assets shall be applied prospectively to intangible assets acquired after the effective date. The disclosure requirements apply prospectively to all intangible assets recognized as of, and subsequent to, the effective date. Early adoption is prohibited. The adoption of FSP FAS 142-3 did not have a material impact on its financial statements.

Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
 
In March 2008, FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133.”  SFAS 161 changes the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities. Entities are required to provide enhanced disclosures about (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under Statement 133 and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows.  SFAS 161 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after November 15, 2008, the adoption of SFAS 161 did not have a significant impact on its results of operations or financial position.

Fair value of measurements
 
On January 1, 2008, the Company adopted SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement and enhances disclosures requirements for fair value measurements. The three levels are defined as follow:
 
 
·
Level 1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
 
 
·
Level 2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
 
 
·
Level 3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.
 
As of March 31, 2009, the Company did not identify any assets and liabilities that are required to be presented on the balance sheet at fair value.

 
10

 

SMARTHEAT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2009 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER 31, 2008

Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements - An Amendment of ARB No. 51

In December 2007, FASB issued SFAS No. 160, "Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements - An Amendment of ARB No. 51." SFAS 160 establishes new accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. Specifically, this statement requires the recognition of a non-controlling interest (minority interest) as equity in the consolidated financial statements and separate from the parent’s equity. The amount of net income attributable to the non-controlling interest will be included in consolidated net income on the face of the income statement. SFAS 160 clarifies that changes in a parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation are equity transactions if the parent retains its controlling financial interest. In addition, this statement requires that a parent recognize a gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. Such gain or loss will be measured using the fair value of the non-controlling equity investment on the deconsolidation date. SFAS 160 also includes expanded disclosure requirements regarding the interests of the parent and its non-controlling interest. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company expects SFAS 160 will have an impact on accounting for business combinations, but the effect is dependent upon acquisitions at that time. The Company adopted the provisions of SFAS 160 on January 1, 2009.

Business Combinations
 
SFAS 141 (Revised 2007), Business Combinations (SFAS 141(R)), is effective for the Company for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after January 1, 2009. SFAS 141(R) changes how the acquisition method is applied in accordance with SFAS 141. The primary revisions to this Statement require an acquirer in a business combination to measure assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date, at their fair values as of that date, with limited exceptions specified in the Statement. This Statement also requires the acquirer in a business combination achieved in stages to recognize the identifiable assets and liabilities, as well as the noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, at the full amounts of their fair values (or other amounts determined in accordance with the Statement). Assets acquired and liabilities assumed arising from contractual contingencies as of the acquisition date are to be measured at their acquisition-date fair values, and assets or liabilities arising from all other contingencies as of the acquisition date are to be measured at their acquisition-date fair value, only if it is more likely than not that they meet the definition of an asset or a liability in FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements. This Statement significantly amends other Statements and authoritative guidance, including FASB Interpretation No. 4, Applicability of FASB Statement No. 2 to Business Combinations Accounted for by the Purchase Method, and now requires the capitalization of research and development assets acquired in a business combination at their acquisition-date fair values, separately from goodwill. FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, was also amended by this Statement to require the acquirer to recognize changes in the amount of its deferred tax benefits that are recognizable because of a business combination either in income from continuing operations in the period of the combination or directly in contributed capital, depending on the circumstances. The Company expects SFAS 141R will have a significant impact on accounting for business combinations, but the effect is dependent upon acquisitions at that time. The Company adopted the provisions of SFAS 160 on January 1, 2009.

Accounting for Non-Refundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services Received for Use in Future Research and Development Activities

In June 2007, FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. EITF 07-3, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services Received for use in Future Research and Development Activities,” which addresses whether non-refundable advance payments for goods or services that used or rendered for research and development activities should be expensed when the advance payment is made or when the research and development activity has been performed. EITF 07-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.  The adoption of EITF 07-03 did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.

3. INVENTORIES

Inventories at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 were as follows: 

   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
Raw materials
 
$
5,527,347
   
$
4,411,298
 
Work in process
   
550,020
     
652,472
 
Finished Goods
   
2,073,144
     
1,043,813
 
Total
 
$
8,150,511
   
$
6,107,583
 

 
11

 

SMARTHEAT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2009 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER 31, 2008

4. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment consisted of the following at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008:  

   
March 31,
2009
   
December 31,
2008
 
         
Building
 
$
1,818,481
   
$
1,818,827
 
Production equipment
   
440,982
     
441,065
 
Office equipment
   
242,403
     
231,975
 
Vehicles
   
300,899
     
300,956
 
     
2,802,765
     
2,792,823
 
Less: Accumulated depreciation
   
(411,347
)
   
(356,270
)
   
$
2,391,418
   
$
2,436,553
 

Depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was approximately $55,000 and $38,000, respectively.

5. OTHER RECEIVABLES, PREPAYMENTS AND DEPOSITS

Other receivables, prepayments and deposits consisted of the following at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively:

   
March 31,
2009
   
December 31,
2008
 
         
Cash advance to third parties
 
$
129,391
   
$
89,628
 
Deposit for public bids
   
238,634
     
353,399
 
Prepayment for freight and related insurance expenses
   
98,387
     
95,888
 
Deposits
   
7,652
     
42,783
 
Advance to employees
   
187,646
     
117,136
 
Total
 
$
661,710
   
$
698,834
 

Cash advance to third parties was the short term cash advances to customers and vendors with repayment usually within three to six months.  Deposits for public bidding represented the deposits for bidding expected contracts, which will be returned to the Company after the bidding process is completed unusually within three to four months from the payment date.  Prepayment for freight and /or related insurance expenses represented prepaid shipping and freight insurance expenses for customers and is generally repaid upon customer receipt of products.  Deposits mainly consisted of deposits for rents and utilities. Cash advance to employees mainly represented short term loan to employees and advance to employees for business trip and related expenses. Other receivables, prepayments and deposits are reimbursed or settled within 12 months. 

6. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Intangible assets mainly consisted of land use rights, computer software, know-how technology, customer list and covenant not to compete. All land in the PRC is government owned and cannot be sold to any individual or company. However, the government grants the user a “land use right” to use the land. The Company acquired land use rights during 2005 for approximately $440,000 (RMB 3,549,682). The Company has the right to use the land for 50 years and is amortizing such rights on a straight-line basis for 50 years.

Intangible assets consisted of the following at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively:

 
12

 

SMARTHEAT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2009 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER 31, 2008

   
March 31,
2009
   
December 31,
2008
 
         
Land use right
 
$
519,271
   
$
519,369
 
Know-how technology
   
266,757
     
266,808
 
Customer list
   
191,615
     
191,652
 
Covenant not to compete
   
104,238
     
104,258
 
Software
   
190,130
     
190,166
 
     
1,272,011
     
1,272,253
 
Less: accumulated amortization
   
(158,636
)
   
(117,122
)
   
$
1,113,375
   
$
1,155,131
 

Amortization expense of intangible assets for the three month ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was approximately $42,000 and $10,100, respectively. Annual amortization expense for the next five years at March 31, 2009 is expected to be: $180,000, $180,000, $180,000, $180,000 and $140,000.

7. MAJOR CUSTOMERS AND VENDORS
 
Four and three customers accounted for 50% and 59% of the Company’s net revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2009, each customer accounted for about 18%, 16%, 12%, and 5% of the sales.  For the three months ended March 31, 2008, each customer accounted for about 25%, 21% and 14% of the sales.   At March 31, 2009 and 2008, the total receivable balance due from these customers was approximately $3,319,000 and $1,717,000, respectively.
 
One major vendor provided 11% and 9% of the Company’s purchases of raw materials for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.  The Company had approximately $110,000 and $291,000 in accounts payable to this vendor at March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

8. TAXES PAYABLE

Taxes payable consisted of the following at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008:

   
March 31,
2009
   
December 31,
2008
 
         
Income tax payable
 
$
163,932
   
$
723,958
 
Value added tax payable (receivable)
   
(10,014
   
597,676
 
Other taxes payable
   
9,102
     
6,141
 
   
$
            163,020
   
$
1,327,775
 

9. ACCRUED LIABILITIES AND OTHER PAYABLES

Accrued liabilities and other payables consisted of the following at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008:

   
March 31,
2009
   
December 31,
2008
 
         
Advance from third parties
 
$
449,914
   
$
453,625
 
Payable for purchase of SanDeKe
   
148,303
     
741,516
 
Other payables
   
261,886
     
99,418
 
Warranty reserve
   
63,664
     
-
 
Accrued liabilities
   
212,261
     
36,253
 
Total
 
$
1,136,028
   
$
1,330,812
 

Advance from third parties represented short term, non interest bearing advances from third parties. Other payables consisted of payables for the Company’s miscellaneous expenses including postage, business insurance, employee benefits, bidding fee, etc. Accrued liabilities mainly consisted of accrued interest, payroll, utility, and liquidated damages for failure to declare the effectiveness of the Registration Statement within 180 days of the final closing of the offering. 
 
10. LOANS PAYABLE

The Company is obligated for the following short term loans payable as of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008:

 
13

 

SMARTHEAT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2009 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER 31, 2008

  
 
March 31, 2009
   
December 31, 2008
 
Loan from a commercial bank in the PRC for 6,000,000 RMB. This loan was entered into on Apr 28, 2007 and was due on Apr 12, 2008. This loan was renewed on Apr 12, 2008 with new maturity date on June 13, 2009. This loan currently bears interest at 7.159%.  The Company pledged its building in the value of approximately RMB 12,430,950 or approximately $1,818,000 for this loan.
 
$
877,719
   
$
877,886
 
                 
The Company entered into a series of short term loans during 2006 and 2007 with a third party company in the PRC for total of 10, 300,000 RMB. Some of the loans matured on various dates in 2008 and some of the loans are payable on demand. These loans bear variable interest at 8.591% for 2008 and 6.903% for 2007.  The Company repaid RMB 2,600,000 in 2008 and had RMB 7,700,000 outstanding as of March 31, 2009, due on December 31, 2009 with interest of 8.591%.
   
1,126,406
     
1,126,621
 
                 
The Company entered into a one year loan on July 1, 2008 with another third party company in the PRC for total of 3,000,000 RMB. This loan is due on December 31, 2009 with interest of 8.591%.
   
438,860
     
438,943
 
                 
   
$
2,442,985
   
$
2,443,450
 
 
11. DEFERRED TAX LIABILITY

Deferred tax liability represented differences between the tax bases and book bases of property and equipment and intangible assets arising from the acquisition of SanDeKe.

12. INCOME TAXES

The Company is subject to income taxes by entity on income arising in or derived from the tax jurisdiction in which each entity is domiciled.

SmartHeat was incorporated in the United States and has incurred net operating loss for income tax purposes.  SmartHeat has net operating loss carry forwards for income taxes amounting to approximately $220,000 at March 31, 2009 which may be available to reduce future years’ taxable income as NOL can be carried forward up to 20 years from the year the loss is incurred. Management believes that the realization of the benefits from these losses appears uncertain due to the Company’s limited operating history and continuing losses. Accordingly, a 100% deferred tax asset valuation allowance has been provided.

Taiyu and SanDeKe are governed by the Income Tax Law of the PRC concerning privately-run enterprises, which are generally subject to tax at a statutory rate of 25% on income reported in the statutory financial statements after appropriated tax adjustments.

Taiyu, as a manufacturing business, is subject to 18% income tax rate for 2008 and 20% income tax rate for 2009. According to the new income tax law that became effective January 1, 2008, new high-tech enterprises that government gives special support are subject to income tax rate of 15%.  Taiyu was recognized as a new high-tech enterprise and registered the status with tax bureau, therefore, enjoys the income tax rate of 15% from 2009 through 2010.

SanDeKe is subject to an 18% income tax rate after 7% reduction in federal income tax rate given by federal government. SanDeKe, is also exempt from income tax for two years starting from the 1st profitable year, and is entitled to a 50% discount on the 18% income tax rate for 2010 through 2012.

The Company's net income would be lower by approximately $58,700 or $0.0024 earnings per share had Taiyu not enjoyed lower income tax rate and SanDeKe not been exempted from income tax for 2009.
 
The following table reconciles the U.S. statutory rates to the Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008:

 
14

 

SMARTHEAT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2009 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER 31, 2008

   
For the Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31,2009
   
March 31, 2008
 
US statutory rates
    34.0 %     34.0 %
Tax rate difference
    (15.7 )%     (16.0 )%
Effect of tax holiday
    (4.5 )%     -  
Valuation allowance
    4.2 %     -  
Tax per financial statements
    18.0 %     18.0 %

13. STATUTORY RESERVES

Pursuant to the new corporate law of the PRC effective January 1, 2006, the Company is now only required to maintain one statutory reserve by appropriating from its after-tax profit before declaration or payment of dividends. The statutory reserve represents restricted retained earnings.

Surplus Reserve Fund

The Company is now only required to transfer 10% of its net income, as determined under PRC accounting rules and regulations, to a statutory surplus reserve fund until such reserve balance reaches 50% of the Company’s registered capital.

The surplus reserve fund is non-distributable other than during liquidation and can be used to fund previous years’ losses, if any, and may be utilized for business expansion or converted into share capital by issuing new shares to existing shareholders in proportion to their shareholding or by increasing the par value of the shares currently held by them, provided that the remaining reserve balance after such issue is not less than 25% of the registered capital.
 
Common Welfare Fund

The common welfare fund is a voluntary fund that provides that the Company can elect to transfer 5% to 10% of its net income to this fund. This fund can only be utilized on capital items for the collective benefit of the Company’s employees, such as construction of dormitories, cafeteria facilities, and other staff welfare facilities. This fund is non-distributable other than upon liquidation.

14. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock with Warrants Issued for Cash

In August 2008, the Company closed a private placement offering of Units pursuant to which SmartHeat sold an aggregate of 1,630,000 Units at an offering price of $3.50 per Unit for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $5.7 million. Each "Unit" consists of one share of SmartHeat's common stock and a three year warrant to purchase 15% of one share of common stock at an exercise price of $6.00 per share. The Units sold represent an aggregate of 1,630,000 million shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 244,500 shares of Common Stock. In connection with the private placement offering, the Company paid commission of approximately $340,000 and issued warrants to purchase 148,500 shares of common stock to its placement agents. The warrants are immediately exercisable and expire on the third anniversary of their issuance. The warrants require the Company to settle in its own shares.  There is no provision for cash settlement, except in lieu of fractional shares.  Net proceeds of approximately $5.1 million have been received by the Company. The value of warrants was determined by using the Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions:  discount rate  2.76%; dividend yield  0%; expected volatility  15% and term of 3 years.  The value of the warrant was $70,246. There were no warrants exercised from the grant date to March 31, 2009.

Stock Options to Independent Directors

On July 17, 2008, the Company granted non-statutory stock options to each of its two independent US directors. The terms of each option are: 10,000 shares at an exercise price per share of $4.60, with a life of five years and vesting over three years as follows: 3,333 shares shall vest on July 17, 2009; 3,333 shares shall vest on July 17, 2010; and 3,334 shares shall vest on July 17, 2011, subject in each case to the director continuing to be associated with the Company as a director.
 
Based on the fair value method under SFAS No. 123 (Revised) “Share Based Payment” (“SFAS 123(R)”), the fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes option pricing model has assumptions for risk free interest rates, dividends, stock volatility and expected life of an option grant. The risk free interest rate is based upon market yields for United States Treasury debt securities at a maturity near the term remaining on the option. Dividend rates are based on the Company’s dividend history. The stock volatility factor is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock price. The expected life of an option grant is based on management’s estimate. The fair value of each option grant to independent directors is calculated by the Black-Scholes method and is recognized as compensation expense over the vesting period of each stock option award. For stock options issued, the fair value was estimated at the date of grant using the following range of assumptions:

 
15

 

SMARTHEAT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2009 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER 31, 2008
 
The options vest over three years and have a life of 5 years, volatility of 15%, risk free interest rate of 2.76%, and dividend yield of 0%. No estimate of forfeitures was made as the Company has a short history of granting options. There were no options exercised during the first quarter of 2009.
 
Following is a summary of the warrant activity:
 
   
Number of 
Shares
   
Average 
Exercise
Price per Share
   
Weighed 
Average
Remaining 
Contractual
Term in Years
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2007
   
-
             
Exercisable at December 31, 2007
   
-
             
Granted
   
393,000
     
6.00
   
3.00
 
Exercised
                     
Forfeited
                     
Outstanding at December 31, 2008
   
393,000
     
6.00
     
2.51
 
Exercisable at December 31, 2008
   
393,000
     
6.00
     
2.51
 
Granted
                       
Exercised
                       
Forfeited
                       
Outstanding at March 31, 2009
   
393,000
     
6.00
     
2.27
 
Exercisable at March 31, 2009
   
393,000
     
6.00
     
2.27
 

Following is a summary of the option activity:

   
Number of 
Shares
   
Average 
Exercise
Price per Share
   
Weighed 
Average
Remaining 
Contractual
Term in Years
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2007
   
-
             
Exercisable at December 31, 2007
   
-
             
Granted
   
20,000
     
4.60
   
5.00
 
Exercised
                     
Forfeited
                     
Outstanding at December 31, 2008
   
20,000
     
4.60
     
4.54
 
Exercisable at December 31, 2008
   
20,000
     
4.60
     
4.54
 
Granted
                       
Exercised
                       
Forfeited
                       
Outstanding at March 31, 2009
   
20,000
     
4.60
     
4.29
 
Exercisable at March 31, 2009
   
20,000
     
4.60
     
4.29
 

15. COMMITMENTS

Employment Agreements
 
On January 1, 2008, the Company entered into a three years employment agreement with Mr. Jun Wang, which agreement may be renewed at the end of the initial term upon mutual agreement between Mr. Jun Wang and the Company.  Either party shall give written notice to the other party of its intention not to renew the agreement at least 30 days prior to the end of the initial term.  Pursuant to the terms of the employment agreement, Mr. Jun Wang shall receive a salary in an amount that is not less than the lowest minimum wage per month paid in Shenyang and shall be based on the uniform wage and incentive system in Shenyang, currently $18,000 per annum. In addition, Mr. Jun Wang shall be entitled to overtime pay in accordance with the applicable law.

 
16

 

 SMARTHEAT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2009 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER 31, 2008

On January 1, 2008, The Company entered into a three years employment agreement with Ms. Zhijuan Guo, at terms identical to the terms of the employment agreement with Mr. Jun Wang with current salary of $10,684 per annum.

Lease agreements

The Company leased several offices for its sales representative in different cities under various one-year, non-cancellable, and renewable operating lease agreements.

At March 31, 2009, future minimum rental payments required under these operating leases are as follows:

Year Ending March 31,
 
Amount
 
2010
 
$
87,000
 
2011
   
87,000
 
Total
 
$
174,000
 
 
16. CONTINGENCIES

The Company sold goods to its customers and received Commercial Notes from the customers in lieu of the payments for accounts receivable.  The Company discounts the Notes with the bank or endorses the Notes to vendors, which could be for payment of their own obligations or get cash from the third parties.  Most of the Commercial Notes have maturity of less than six months.

At March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the Company is contingently liable to vendors for endorsed notes receivable amounting to $53,493 and $14,631, respectively.

The Company’s operations in the PRC are subject to specific considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North America and Western Europe. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environments and foreign currency exchange. The Company’ s results may be adversely affected by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things.
 
The Company’s sales, purchases and expense transactions are denominated in RMB and all of the Company’s assets and liabilities are also denominated in RMB. The RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currencies under the current law. In China, foreign exchange transactions are required by law to be transacted only by authorized financial institutions. Remittances in currencies other than RMB may require certain supporting documentation in order to affect the remittance.
 
17. ACQUISITION OF SANDEKE CO., LTD.

On September 25, 2008, the Company entered into a Share Exchange Agreement ("Agreement") for the acquisition by the Company of all of the outstanding capital stock of SanDeKe. The purchase price for the SanDeKe shares was $741,516, of which $222,455 was payable within 15 days after the signature date of the Agreement, $370,758 is payable within 15 days after all necessary documents have been filed with government agencies, and $148,303 of which is payable within 15 days after the purchase has been approved and registered by the government agencies. Under the terms of the Agreement, two of the shareholders of SanDeKe have agreed not to compete with the business of SanDeKe for a period of four years after the completion of the purchase.  At March 31, 2009, the Company has paid $593,213; the balance of $148,303 will be paid once the title is officially transferred to the Company.

The operating results of SanDeKe are included in the accompanying consolidated statements of income from the acquisition date. For convenience of reporting the acquisition for accounting purposes, September 1, 2008 has been designated as the acquisition date.

The following table summarizes the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition.   The fair value of the net assets acquired exceeded the total consideration for the acquisition by approximately $117,000 (RMB 800,000). The excess (negative goodwill) was allocated on a pro rata basis to long-lived assets.

 
17

 

SMARTHEAT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2009 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER 31, 2008

Cash
 
$
59,245
 
Accounts receivable
   
489,527
 
Advance to suppliers
   
329,951
 
Other receivables
   
128,646
 
Inventory
   
92,370
 
Property and equipment
   
73,324
 
Intangible assets
   
563,567
 
Accounts payable
   
(332,276
)
Advance from customers
   
(557,216
)
Deferred tax liability
   
(39,076
)
Other current liabilities
   
(66,546
)
Purchase price
 
$
741,516
 

The intangible asset consisted of know-how technology is amortized over 5 years, the customer list is amortized over 5 years and covenants not to compete, is amortized over 4 years.

The following unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations of the Company for the three months ended March 31, 2008 presents the operations of the Company and SanDeKe as if the acquisition of SanDeKe occurred on January 1, 2008.  The pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of the actual results that would have occurred had the acquisitions been completed as of the beginning of the periods presented, nor are they necessarily indicative of future consolidated results.
 
For the three months ended
March 31, 2008
 
Pro forma
Consolidated
 
Net revenue
 
3,303,963
 
Cost of revenue
   
2,263,354
 
Gross profit
   
1,040,609
 
Selling expense
   
222,025
 
General & administrative expense
   
329,730
 
Total operating expenses
   
551,755
 
Income from operations
   
488,854
 
Non-operating income, net
   
91,752
 
Income before income tax
   
580,606
 
Income tax
   
104,957
 
Net income
 
 $
475,649
 
Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding
   
18,500,000
 
Basic and diluted net earnings per share
 
$
0.03
 

 
18

 

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT FOR FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” anticipate,” believe,” estimate,” continue,” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions. Factors that might cause or contribute to such a discrepancy include, but are not limited to, those listed under the heading “Risk Factors” and those listed in our other SEC filings. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our Financial Statements and related Notes thereto included elsewhere in this report. Throughout this Quarterly Report we will refer to SmartHeat Inc., together with its subsidiaries, as "SmartHeat," the "Company," "we," "us," and "our."

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview
 
We were incorporated in the State of Nevada on August 4, 2006 under the name Pacific Goldrim Resources, Inc. as an exploration stage corporation that intended to engage in the exploration of silver, lead and zinc. On April 14, 2008 we changed our name to SmartHeat Inc. and acquired all of the equity interests in Taiyu.
 
Prior to our acquisition of Taiyu, we were in the development stage and had minimal business operations. We had no interest in any property, but had the right to conduct exploration activities on thirteen (13) mineral title cells covering 270.27 hectares (667.85 acres) in the Slocan Mining Division of southeastern British Columbia, Canada. In connection with the acquisition of Taiyu, we transferred our prior assets and liabilities to a wholly owned subsidiary and sold all of the outstanding capital stock of that subsidiary to our former director and officer in exchange for 2,500,000 shares of our common stock.
 
Taiyu was formed in July 2002 under the laws of China and is headquartered in Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China. As a result of our acquisition of Taiyu, we are a leading provider of plate heat exchange products to China's industrial, residential, and commercial markets, specializing in the manufacturing, sale, research, and servicing of PHEs, PHE Units and heat meters for a broad range of industries such as petroleum refinement, petrochemicals, power generation, metallurgy, food & beverage, and chemical processing. We sell PHEs under the Sondex brand and PHE Units that are designed by us and using PHEs that are assembled with Sondex plates under our Taiyu brand name.
 
Our revenue is subject to fluctuations due to the timing of sales of high-value products, the impact of seasonal spending patterns, the timing and size of projects our customers perform, changes in overall spending levels in the industry and other unpredictable factors that may affect customer ordering patterns. Our quarterly revenues may fluctuate significantly due to the seasonal nature of central heating services in the PRC, whereas, the equipment used in residential building s must be delivered and installed prior to the beginning of the heating season in late fall.  Additionally, any significant delays in the commercial launch or any lack or delay of commercial acceptance of new products, unfavorable sales trends in existing product lines, or impacts from the other factors mentioned above, could adversely affect our revenue growth or cause a sequential decline in quarterly revenue. In particular, our 2009 sales may be affected by weaker demand from steel processing, petrochemical and HVAC sectors.  To date, we have not been adversely affected by these trends. Moreover, the PRC government has recently passed an economic stimulus package and we believe that our sales will benefit from an increase in government spending on infrastructure as provided in this package.  However, due to the possibility of fluctuations in our revenue and net income or loss, we believe that quarterly comparisons of our operating results are not a good indication of future performance.

While our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements, we believe that the following accounting policies are the most critical to aid you in fully understanding and evaluating this management discussion and analysis.
 
Basis of Presentation
 
Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America.

 
19

 

Principle of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SmartHeat, Taiyu and SanDeKe. For purposes of this Quarterly Report, the "Company" refers collectively to SmartHeat, SanDeKe, and Taiyu. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates
 
In preparing the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting year. Significant estimates, required by management, include the recoverability of long-lived assets, allowance for doubtful accounts, and the reserve for obsolete and slow-moving inventories. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
 
Accounts Receivable
 
Our policy is to maintain reserves for potential credit losses on accounts receivable. Management reviews the composition of accounts receivable and analyzes historical bad debts, customer concentrations, customer credit worthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer payment patterns to evaluate the adequacy of these reserves. Accounts receivable are net of unearned interest. Unearned interest represents imputed interest on accounts receivable with due dates over one year from the invoice date discounted at our borrowing rate for the year.
 
Inventories
 
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market with cost determined on a moving weighted average basis. Cost of work in progress and finished goods comprises direct material, direct production cost and an allocated portion of production overheads.
 
Property and Equipment
 
Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred; additions, renewals and betterments are capitalized. When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts, and any gain or loss is included in operations. Depreciation of property and equipment is provided using the straight-line method with a 10% salvage value and estimated lives ranging from 5 to 20 years as follows:
 
Building
20 years
Vehicles
5 years
Office Equipment
5 years
Production Equipment
5 - 10 years
 
Revenue Recognition
 
Our revenue recognition policies are in compliance with Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) 104. Sales revenue is recognized when products are delivered, and for PHE and PHE units, when customer acceptance occurs, the price is fixed or determinable, no other significant obligations of the Company exist and collectibility is reasonably assured. Payments received before all of the relevant criteria for revenue recognition are recorded as unearned revenue.

Our sales contracts with the customers generally provide that 30% of the purchase price is due upon the placement of an order, 30% is due on delivery, 30% is due upon installation and acceptance of the equipment after customer testing, the final 10% of the purchase price is due on a date that is no later than the termination date of the standard warranty period.

Our standard warranty is provided to all customers and is not considered an additional service; rather it is considered an integral part of the products sale. We believe that the existence of the standard product warranty in a sales contract does not constitute a deliverable in the arrangement and thus there is no need to apply the EITF 00-21 separation and allocation model for a multiple deliverable arrangement. FAS 5 specifically address the accounting for standard warranties and neither SAB 104 nor EITF 00-21 supersedes FAS 5. We believe that accounting for our standard warranty pursuant to FAS 5 does not impact revenue recognition because the cost of honoring the warranty can be reliably estimated.

 
20

 
 

Warranties

We offer warranty to all customers on our products for a period of one or two heating seasons depending on the contract terms negotiated with the customers. We accrue for warranty costs based on estimates of the costs that may be incurred under its warranty obligations. The warranty expense and related accrual is included in our selling expenses and other payable respectively, and is recorded at the time revenue is recognized. Factors that affect our warranty liability include the number of sold units, its estimates of anticipated rates of warranty claims, costs per claim and estimated support labor costs and the associated overhead.  The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liabilities and adjusts the amounts as necessary.

Foreign Currency Translation and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
The accounts of the Company’s Chinese subsidiaries are maintained in the Chinese Yuan Renminbi (RMB) and the accounts of the U.S. parent company are maintained in the U.S. Dollar (USD). The accounts of the Chinese subsidiaries were translated into USD in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 52, "Foreign Currency Translation," with the RMB as the functional currency for the Chinese subsidiaries. According to the Statement, all assets and liabilities were translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date, stockholders’ equity are translated at the historical rates and statement of operations items are translated at the weighted average exchange rate for the year. The resulting translation adjustments are reported under other comprehensive income in accordance with SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income”.
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
Employer’s Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets

In December 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 132(R)-1, “Employers’ Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets” (“FSP FAS 132(R)-1”). FSP FAS 132(R)-1 applies to an employer that is subject to the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 132 (revised 2003), “Employers’ Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits” (“SFAS 132R”) and amends SFAS 132R to provide guidance on an employer’s disclosures about plan assets of a defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan. The disclosures about plan assets required by FSP FAS 132(R)-1 shall be provided for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2009. Earlier application is permitted. The adoption of FSP FAS 132(R)-1 did not have a material impact on its financial statements.

Accounting for Defensive Intangible Assets

In November 2008, the FASB issued EITF Issue No. 08-7, “Accounting for Defensive Intangible Assets” (“EITF 08-7”). EITF 08-7 applies to all acquired intangible assets in situations in which the acquirer does not intend to actively use the asset but intends to hold the asset to prevent its competitors from obtaining access to the asset (a defensive intangible asset). Defensive intangible assets could include assets that the acquirer will never actively use, as well as assets that will be used by the acquirer during a transition period when the intention of the acquirer is to discontinue the use of those assets. EITF 08-7 concluded that a defensive intangible asset should be accounted for as a separate unit of accounting and should be amortized over the period that the defensive intangible asset directly or indirectly contributes to the future cash flows of the entity. EITF 08-7 is effective prospectively for intangible assets acquired on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Earlier application is not permitted.  The adoption of EITF 08-7 did not have a material impact on its financial statements.

Accounting for Financial Guarantee Insurance Contracts
 
In May 2008, FASB issued SFAS No. 163, “Accounting for Financial Guarantee Insurance Contracts, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 60.”  The scope of this Statement is limited to financial guarantee insurance (and reinsurance) contracts, as described in this Statement, issued by enterprises included within the scope of Statement 60. Accordingly, this Statement does not apply to financial guarantee contracts issued by enterprises excluded from the scope of Statement 60 or to some insurance contracts that seem similar to financial guarantee insurance contracts issued by insurance enterprises (such as mortgage guaranty insurance or credit insurance on trade receivables). This Statement also does not apply to financial guarantee insurance contracts that are derivative instruments included within the scope of FASB Statement No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” The adoption of SFAS No. 163 did not have a material impact on its financial statements. 

 
21

 

The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

In May 2008, FASB issued SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.”  SFAS 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the United States (the GAAP hierarchy).  SFAS 162 adoption did not have an impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets

In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (“FSP FAS 142-3”). FSP FAS 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (“SFAS 142”), and requires additional disclosures. The objective of FSP FAS 142-3 is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141 (R), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141(R)”), and other accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. FSP FAS 142-3 applies to all intangible assets, whether acquired in a business combination or otherwise and shall be effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The guidance for determining the useful life of intangible assets shall be applied prospectively to intangible assets acquired after the effective date. The disclosure requirements apply prospectively to all intangible assets recognized as of, and subsequent to, the effective date. Early adoption is prohibited. The adoption of FSP FAS 142-3 did not have a material impact on its financial statements.
 
Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
 
In March 2008, FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133.”  SFAS 161 changes the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities. Entities are required to provide enhanced disclosures about (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under Statement 133 and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows.  SFAS 161 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after November 15, 2008, the adoption of SFAS 161 did not have a significant impact on its results of operations or financial position.

Fair value of measurements

On January 1, 2008, the Company adopted SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement and enhances disclosures requirements for fair value measures..  The three levels are defined as follow:

o 
Level 1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

o 
Level 2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

o 
Level 3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.
 
As of March 31, 2009, the Company did not identify any assets and liabilities that are required to be presented on the balance sheet at fair value.
 
Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements - An Amendment of ARB No. 51

In December 2007, FASB issued SFAS No. 160, "Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements - An Amendment of ARB No. 51." SFAS 160 establishes new accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. Specifically, this statement requires the recognition of a non-controlling interest (minority interest) as equity in the consolidated financial statements and separate from the parent’s equity. The amount of net income attributable to the non-controlling interest will be included in consolidated net income on the face of the income statement. SFAS 160 clarifies that changes in a parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation are equity transactions if the parent retains its controlling financial interest. In addition, this statement requires that a parent recognize a gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. Such gain or loss will be measured using the fair value of the non-controlling equity investment on the deconsolidation date. SFAS 160 also includes expanded disclosure requirements regarding the interests of the parent and its non-controlling interest. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company expects SFAS 160 will have an impact on accounting for business combinations, but the effect is dependent upon acquisitions at that time. The Company adopted the provisions of SFAS 160 on January 1, 2009.

 
22

 

Business Combinations
 
SFAS 141 (Revised 2007), Business Combinations (SFAS 141(R)), is effective for the Company for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after January 1, 2009. SFAS 141(R) changes how the acquisition method is applied in accordance with SFAS 141. The primary revisions to this Statement require an acquirer in a business combination to measure assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date, at their fair values as of that date, with limited exceptions specified in the Statement. This Statement also requires the acquirer in a business combination achieved in stages to recognize the identifiable assets and liabilities, as well as the noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, at the full amounts of their fair values (or other amounts determined in accordance with the Statement). Assets acquired and liabilities assumed arising from contractual contingencies as of the acquisition date are to be measured at their acquisition-date fair values, and assets or liabilities arising from all other contingencies as of the acquisition date are to be measured at their acquisition-date fair value, only if it is more likely than not that they meet the definition of an asset or a liability in FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements. This Statement significantly amends other Statements and authoritative guidance, including FASB Interpretation No. 4, Applicability of FASB Statement No. 2 to Business Combinations Accounted for by the Purchase Method, and now requires the capitalization of research and development assets acquired in a business combination at their acquisition-date fair values, separately from goodwill. FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, was also amended by this Statement to require the acquirer to recognize changes in the amount of its deferred tax benefits that are recognizable because of a business combination either in income from continuing operations in the period of the combination or directly in contributed capital, depending on the circumstances. The Company expects SFAS 141R will have a significant impact on accounting for business combinations, but the effect is dependent upon acquisitions at that time. The Company adopted the provisions of SFAS 160 on January 1, 2009.
 
Accounting for Non-Refundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services Received for Use in Future Research and Development Activities

In June 2007, FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. EITF 07-3, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services Received for use in Future Research and Development Activities,” which addresses whether non-refundable advance payments for goods or services that used or rendered for research and development activities should be expensed when the advance payment is made or when the research and development activity has been performed. EITF 07-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.  The adoption of EITF 07-03 did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Results of Operations
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008
 
The following table sets forth the results of our operations for the years indicated as a percentage of net sales:
 
   
Three months Ended March 31
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
   
$
   
% of Sales
   
$
   
% of Sales
 
Sales
   
6,207,503
           
3,079,051
       
Cost of sales
   
3,900,947
     
63.0
%
   
2,112,956
     
69.0
%
Gross Profit
   
2,306,556
     
37.0
%
   
966,095
     
31.0
%
Operating Expenses
   
1,030,435
     
17.0
%
   
481,566
     
16.0
%
Income from Operation
   
1,276,121
     
20.0
%
   
484,529
     
15.0
%
Other Income (Expenses), net
   
(37,251
   
(0.6
)%
   
91,691
     
3.0
%
Net Income
   
1,021,269
     
16.0
%
   
471,263
     
15.0
%
 
 
23

 

Sales. Net sales during the three months ended March 31, 2009 were approximately $6.21 million, while our net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2008 were approximately $3.08 million, an increase in revenues of $3.13 million, or 102%. The increase in sales was attributable to an increase in our sales volume with selling price determined based on our standard profit margin rate, of which, $4.47 million of  the total sales was from our existing customers and $1.74 million of the total sales was from the new customers. We have a strict review process for approving each sales contract, especially with respect to the determination of selling price.  Sales price under each contract is determined in proportion to our estimated cost in order to ensure our gross profit.  Our selling price varies on each sale which mainly depends on each customer’s specific needs and our negotiation of the contract amount and term. We have also increased the number of our branch offices and sales representatives throughout China to develop new customers in more regions during 2008. These new regions’ developments that occurred during the first quarter of 2009 accounted for approximately $0.95 million of the increase in our revenues.  In addition, our sales on heating meters have been increased to approximately $110,000 during the first quarter of 2009 from approximately $20,000 during the first quarter of 2008.  As we continue to expand our customer base and increase our sales volume, we become less dependent on these customers for revenue.  We believe that our sales will continue to grow because we are strengthening our sales efforts by hiring more sales personnel, increasing the sales channels, and improving the quality of our products.
 
Cost of Sales.   Cost of sales for the three months ended March 31, 2009 was approximately $3.90 million, while our cost of sales for the same period in 2008 was approximately $2.11 million, an increase of $1.79 million, or 85%.  Cost of sales mainly consisted of the cost of materials and labor, as well as factory overhead costs, with material costs accounting for 70% or more of our total cost of sales.  The increase in cost of sales can be attributed to the increase of production and sales volume in the first quarter of 2009.  Cost of sales as a percentage of sales was approximately 63% for the first quarter of 2009 and 68% for the same period of 2008. The decrease in cost of sales as a percentage to the sales was mainly due to decreased raw material cost, economy of scale on fixed costs as a result of increased production, and our continuous improvement on control of the manufacturing costs. We believe our cost of sales will remain stable as a result of our current pricing strategy and the continued improvement in the efficiency of our manufacturing facility.
 
Gross Profit.  Gross profit was $2.31 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009, as compared to $0.97 million for the same period in 2008, representing gross margins of approximately 37% and 31%, respectively.  The increase in our gross profits and gross profit margin was mainly due to the decrease of cost of goods sold as a percentage of sales while the company’s sales activities increased.
 
Operating Expenses.  Operating expenses consisted of selling, general and administrative expenses totaled approximately $1.03 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009, as compared to $0.48 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008, an increase of approximately $0.55 million or 114%.  The increase in operating expenses was mainly due to a proportional increase in payroll, insurance, employee welfare and travel expenses with our increased sales and production; as well as the increase in audit, legal, consulting and filing expenses in connection with the Company of being public in US since April of 2008.  In addition, a one-time charge of approximately $110,000 occurred in the first quarter of 2009 as a result of failure to declare the effectiveness of the Registration Statement within 180 days of the final closing of the offering.

Net Income.  Our net income for the three months ended March 31, 2009 was $1.02 million as compared to approximately $0.47 million for the same period in 2008, an increase of $0.55 million or 117%.  Net income as a percentage of sales increased from 15% in the first quarter of 2008 to 16% in the same period of 2009. This increase was attributable to economy of scale combined with rapid growth in revenue and efficiency of operations, and lower income tax rate of 15% for Taiyu effective January 1, 2009, down from 18% for 2008.  Our management believes that net income will continue to increase as we continue to increase our sales, offer better quality products and control our manufacturing costs.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008

As of March 31, 2009, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $0.74 million. Working capital was approximately $14.05 million at March 31, 2009. The ratio of current assets to current liabilities was 2.81:1 at March 31, 2009.

The following is a summary of cash provided by or used in each of the indicated types of activities during the period ended March 31, 2009 and 2008:
 
   
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
Cash provided by (used in):
           
Operating Activities
 
$
(734,199
 
$
(169,117
)
Investing Activities
   
36,887
     
78,272
 
Financing Activities
   
-
     
  (198,453
 
 
24

 

Net cash flow used in operating activities was $734,199 in the first quarter of 2009, as compared to net cash flow used in operating activities of $169,117 in the same period of 2008. The increase in net cash flow used in operating activities during the first quarter of 2009 was mainly due to $2.04 million cash paid for inventories as we expect increased production and sales volumes in the 2nd quarter of 2009; and more income tax paid as our net income increased.  Our net income has increased rapidly compared to the same period of 2008 along with the timely collection of the accounts receivable, which brought about $1.07 million cash to the company, The significant amount in accounts receivable was due to the rapid increase in our sales with most of our accounts receivables aging within one year from the sales recognition date.  

Net cash flow provided by investing activities was $36,887 in the first quarter of 2009, as compared to net cash provided by investing activities of $78,272 in the same period of 2008.  The decrease of net cash flow provided by investing activities in the first quarter of 2009 was mainly due to release of the restricted cash as the warranty period expired, and less restricted cash received from customers while retentions receivable which is generally due upon termination of the warranty period has been increased.
 
Net cash flow used in financing activities was $0 in the first quarter of 2009 as compared to net cash used in financing activities of $198,453 in the same period of 2008.  In the first quarter of 2009, we did not have any financing activities; while in the same period of 2008, we‘ve repaid $25,890 to our shareholders and $172,563 to third party lenders.

Our sales contracts with our customers generally provide that 30% of the purchase price is due upon the placement of an order, 30% is due on delivery and 30% is due upon installation and acceptance of the equipment after customer testing. As a common practice in the heating manufacturing business in China, payment is due on the final 10% of the purchase price no later than the termination date of the standard warranty period which ranges from 3 to 24 months from the acceptance date of the products. Our receipts for payment on our products depend on the complexity of the equipment ordered which impacts manufacturing, delivery, installation and testing times and warranty periods.  For example, PHEs are less complex than PHE units and therefore have a shorter manufacturing, acceptance, warranty and payment schedule. The Company may experience payment delays from time to time which may last up to 3 months; however, the Company does not believe the delays are material. 

Indirect sales through distributors are usually paid in full on delivery. Our accounts receivable turnover and inventory turnover are relatively low, and days sales outstanding ratio relatively high. Consequently, collection on our sales is rather slow and capital is tied up in inventories which may result in pressure on cash flows. For the first quarter of 2009, we had accounts receivable turnover of 0.55, with days sales outstanding of 163 and inventory turnover of 0.55.  For the first quarter of 2008, we had accounts receivable turnover of 0.45, with days sales outstanding of 198 and inventory turnover of 0.27.

We are in the manufacturing and processing business.  We purchase substantial amounts of raw materials before the high season starts to meet production needs.  There is no concern about inventory obsolescence since our product can be sold for a profit without time limitation as long as there is continued demand.  Additionally, we have increased our sales force for developing new customers, which we believe will reduce on-hand inventory levels and increase inventory turnover going forward.  Therefore, we believe the potential risks and uncertainties associated with lower inventory turnover are limited.

We recognize the final 10% of the purchase price as a Retention Receivable which is due no later than the termination of our warranty period.  The deferral of the final payment is a common practice in the heating manufacturing business in China.  Sometimes our customers are required to deposit 5%-10% of the sales price on high value products like assembled heat exchanger unit and main part of plate heat exchanger into designated bank accounts as restricted cash for securing the payment after such period expires.  Based on our historical experience, there have been no defaults on such deferrals.  Therefore, we believe the potential risks and uncertainty associated with defaults on such receivables are not material. 

Recent Developments

Under the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company is required to file a Registration Statement registering the common stock and common stock underlying the warrants with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) within 60 days of the closing of the private placement offering. The Registration Statement must be declared effective by the SEC within 180 days of the final closing of the offering or the Company will be subject to penalties as described below. Subject to certain grace periods, the Registration Statement must remain effective and available for use until the investors can sell all of the securities covered by the Registration Statement without restriction pursuant to Rule 144. If the Company fails to meet the filing or effectiveness requirements of the Registration Statement, it is required to pay liquidated damages of 2% of the aggregate purchase price paid by such investor for any Registrable Securities then held by such investor on the date of such failure and on each anniversary of the date of such failure until such failure is cured.  

The closing the private placement occurred on September 24, 2008. The Company was obligated to cause the Registration Statement become effective on or before March 23, 2009.  As a result of its failure to have a registration statement effective on this date, the Company is liable to pay approximately $110,000 liquidated damages to investors in the private placement.

The Company expects to pay liquidated damages from its working capital.  The Company had approximately $737,000 cash at March 31, 2009 which is more than adequate to make payments on any liquidated damages. The Company expects the Registration Statement to become effective prior to any additional penalties being assessed which would occur if the Registration Statement is not effective by March 23, 2010.

 
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have not entered into any other financial guarantees or other commitments to guarantee the payment obligations of any third parties.  We have not entered into any derivative contracts that are indexed to our shares and classified as shareholder’s equity or that are not reflected in our consolidated financial statements.  Furthermore, we do not have any retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support to such entity.  We do not have any variable interest in any unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit support to us or engages in leasing, hedging or research and development services with us.

 
26

 

Contractual Obligations

The Company was obligated for the following short term loans payable as of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008:

  
 
March 31, 2009
   
December 31, 2008
 
Loan from a commercial bank in the PRC for 6,000,000 RMB. This loan was entered into on Apr 28, 2007 and was due on Apr 12, 2008. This loan was renewed on Apr 12, 2008 with new maturity date on June 13, 2009. This loan currently bears interest at 7.159%.  The Company pledged its building in the value of approximately RMB 12,430,950 or approximately $1,818,000 for this loan.
 
$
877,719
   
$
877,886
 
                 
The Company entered into a series of short term loans during 2006 and 2007 with a third party company in the PRC for total of 10, 300,000 RMB. Some of the loans matured on various dates in 2008 and some of the loans are payable on demand. These loans bear variable interest at 8.591% for 2008 and 6.903% for 2007.  The Company repaid RMB 2,600,000 in 2008 and had RMB 7,700,000 outstanding as of March 31, 2009, due on December 31, 2009 with interest of 8.591%.
   
1,126,406
     
1,126,621
 
                 
The Company entered into a one year loan on July 1, 2008 with another third party company in the PRC for total of 3,000,000 RMB. This loan is due on December 31, 2009 with interest of 8.591%.
   
438,860
     
438,943
 
                 
   
$
2,442,985
   
$
2,443,450
 
 
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
 
Not required
 
Item 4T. Controls and Procedures
 
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
An evaluation was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), its principal executive officer, and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), its principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of March 31, 2009. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms.

Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
 
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended March 31, 2009 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Part II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
 
From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings, which arise in the ordinary course of business.  However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may have an adverse affect on our business, financial conditions, or operating results.  We are currently not aware of any such legal proceedings or claims that will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse affect on our business, financial condition or operating results.

 
27

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors
 
Not required.
 
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 
 
On July 7, 2008, the Company completed a closing of a private placement offering (the "Offering") of Units pursuant to which SmartHeat sold an aggregate of 1,620,000 Units at an offering price of $3.50 per Unit for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $5.67 million. An additional 10,000 Units was sold in a second closing of the Offering on August 12, 2008 for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $35,000. Each "Unit" consists of one share of SmartHeat's common stock and a three year warrant to purchase 15% of one share of common stock at an exercise price of $6.00 per share. The Units sold represent an aggregate of 1,630,000 million shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 244,500 shares of Common Stock. The warrants are immediately exercisable and expire on the third anniversary of their issuance. In connection with the Offering, the Company paid commissions and fees approximately $340,000 and issued warrants to purchase 148,500 shares of common stock. The proceeds from the sale of the Units in the Offering were used for general corporate purposes.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
 
None.
 
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
 
None.
 
Item 5. Other Information
 
None.

Item 6. Exhibits 
 
Exhibit No.
 
Document Description
     
31.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e), promulgated under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
     
31.2
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e), promulgated under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
     
32.1
 
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Chief Executive Officer).
     
32.2
 
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Chief Financial Officer).
 
 
28

 

SIGNATURES

In accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
SMARTHEAT INC.
(Registrant)
   
 
By:  
/s/ Jun Wang
May 10, 2009
 
Jun Wang
President and Chief Executive Officer
     
 
By:
 /s/ Zhijuan Guo  
May 10, 2009
 
Zhijuan Guo
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
29

 


 
EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit No.
 
Document Description
     
31.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e), promulgated under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
     
31.2
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e), promulgated under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
     
32.1
 
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Chief Executive Officer).
     
32.2
 
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Chief Financial Officer).
 
30